Potential effect of anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha treatment on reducing the cardiovascular risk related to rheumatoid arthritis

Current Vascular Pharmacology

Volumn 8, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 285-292

  Cugno, Massimo ^a   Ingegnoli, Francesca ^a   Gualtierotti, Roberta ^a   Fantini, Flavio ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MILAN   (Italy)

Author keywords

Cardiovascular disease; Inflammation; Rheumatoid arthritis; Tumor necrosis factor alpha

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN; EPITOPE; FIBRIN; FIBRINOGEN; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; INTERLEUKIN 6; PROTEIN ANTIBODY; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA ANTIBODY;

BLOOD CLOTTING; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CROSS REACTION; DISEASE ACTIVITY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE; FIBRINOLYSIS; FRACTURE; GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INFECTION; INFLAMMATION; INSULIN RESISTANCE; LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISEASE; OBESITY; OSTEOPOROSIS; PATHOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; POPULATION; REVIEW; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SYNOVITIS; SYNOVIUM;

ADULT; ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS; ARTHRITIS, RHEUMATOID; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; RISK FACTORS; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA;

EID: 77949505523     PISSN: 15701611     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/157016110790886965     Document Type: Review

References (99)

1. Gabriel SE. Epidemiology of the rheumatic diseases. In: Harris ED, Ruddy S, Sledge CB, Eds. Kelley's Textbook of Rheumatology. 6th ed. Philadelphia: W B Saunders Co. 2000; vol. 1, pp. 321-33.
2. van der Poll T, Buller HR, Ten Cate H, et al. Activation of coagulation after administration of tumor necrosis factor to normal subjects. N Engl J Med 1990; 322: 1622-7.
3. Ridker PM, Hennekens CH, Buring JE, Rifai N. C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in the prediction of cardiovascular disease in women. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 836-43.
4. Maini RN, Breedveld FC, Kalden JR, et al. Therapeutic efficacy of multiple intravenous infusions of anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha monoclonal antibody combined with low-dose weekly methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1998; 41: 1552-63.
5. St. Clair W, Wagner C, Fasanmade A, et al. The relationship of serum infliximab concentrations to clinical improvement in rheumatoid arthritis. Results from ATTRACT, a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum 2002; 46: 1451-9.
6. Spector TD, Scott DL. What happens to patients with rheumatoid arthritis? The long-term outcome of treatment. Clin Rheumatol 1988; 7: 315-30.
7. Wolfe F, Mitchell DM, Sibley JT, et al. The mortality of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1994; 37: 481-94.
8. Wong JB, Ramey DR, Singh G. Long-term morbidity, mortality, and economics of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2001; 44: 2746-9.
9. Naz SM, Symmons DP. Mortality in established rheumatoid arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2007; 21: 871-83.
10. Symmons DP, Jones MA, Scott DL, Prior P. Longterm mortality outcome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: early presenters continue to do well. J Rheumatol 1998; 25: 1072-7.
11. Goodson N, Marks J, Lunt M, Symmons D. Cardiovascular admissions and mortality in an inception cohort of patients with rheumatoid arthritis with onset in the 1980s and 1990s. Ann Rheum Dis 2005; 64: 1595-601.
12. Goodson NJ, Wiles NJ, Lunt M, Barrett EM, Silman AJ, Symmons DP. Mortality in early inflammatory polyarthritis: cardiovascular mortality is increased in seropositive patients . Arthritis Rheum 2002; 46: 2010-9.
13. Guedes C, Dumont-Fischer D, Leichter-Nakache S, Boissier MC. Mortality in rheumatoid arthritis. Rev Rhum Engl Ed 1999; 66:492-8.
14. Wållberg-Jonsson S, Johansson H, Ohman ML, Rantapää- Dahlqvist S. Extent of inflammation predicts cardiovascular disease and overall mortality in seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. A retrospective cohort study from disease onset. J Rheumatol 1999; 26: 2562-71.
15. Reilly PA, Cosh JA, Maddison PJ, Rasker JJ, Silman AJ. Mortality and survival in rheumatoid arthritis: a 25 year prospective study of 100 patients. Ann Rheum Dis 1990; 49: 363-9.
16. DeMaria AN. Relative risk of cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Cardiol 2002; 89 (suppl): 33D-38D.
17. Young A, Koduri G, Batley M, et al. Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Study (ERAS) group. Mortality in rheumatoid arthritis. Increased in the early course of disease, in ischemic heart disease and in pulmonary fibrosis. Rheumatology 2007; 46: 350-7.
18. Björnådal L, Baecklund E, Yin L, Granath F, Klareskog L, Ekbom A. Decreasing mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from a large population based cohort in Sweden, 1964-95. J Rheumatol 2002; 29: 906-12.
19. Bacon PA, Stevens RJ, Carruthers DM, Young SP, Kitas GD. Accelerated atherogenesis in autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2002; 1: 338-47.
20. Kremers HM, Crowson CS, Therneau TM, Roger VL, Gabriel SE. High ten-year risk of cardiovascular disease in newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis patients: a population-based cohort study. Arthritis Rheum 2008; 58: 2268-74.
21. Maradit-Kremers H, Crowson CS, Nicola PJ, et al. Increased unrecognized coronary heart disease and sudden deaths in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based cohort study. Arthritis Rheum 2005; 52: 402-11.
22. Van Doornum S, Brand C, King B, Sundararajan V. Increased case fatality rates following a first acute cardiovascular event in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2006; 54: 2061-8.
23. Kaplan MJ. Cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2006; 18: 289-97.
24. Mikuls TR. Co-morbidity in rheumatoid arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2003; 17: 729-52.
25. Michaud K, Wolfe F. Comorbidities in rheumatoid arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2007; 21: 885-906.
26. Naranjo A, Sokka T, Descalzo MA, et al. Cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from the QUEST-RA study. Arthritis Res Ther 2008; 10(2): R30.
27. McEntegart A, Capell HA, Creran D, Rumley A, Woodward M, Lowe GD. Cardiovascular risk factors, including thrombotic variables, in a population with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology 2001; 40: 640-4.
28. Wolfe F, Freundlich B, Straus WL. Increase in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease prevalence in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 2003; 30: 36-40.
29. Solomon DH, Goodson NJ, Katz JN, et al. Patterns of cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2006; 65: 1608-12.
30. Nadareishvili Z, Michaud K, Hallenbeck JM, Wolfe F. Cardiovascular, rheumatologic, and pharmacologic predictors of stroke in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a nested, case-control study. Arthritis Rheum 2008; 59: 1090-6.
31. Turesson C, Jarenros A, Jacobsson L. Increased incidence of cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from a community based study. Ann Rheum Dis 2004; 63: 952-5.
32. Solomon DH, Karlson EW, Rimm EB, et al. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in women diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. Circulation 2003; 107: 1303-7.
33. Maradit-Kremers H, Nicola PJ, Crowson CS, Ballman KV, Gabriel SE. Cardiovascular Death in Rheumatoid Arthritis, a Population-Based Study. Arthritis Rheum 2005; 52: 722-32.
34. Liang KP, Liang KV, Matteson EL, McClelland RL, Christianson TJ, Turesson C. Incidence of noncardiac vascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis and relationship to extraarticular disease manifestations. Arthritis Rheum 2006; 54: 642-8.
35. del Rincón ID, Williams K, Stern MP, Freeman GL, Escalante A. High incidence of cardiovascular events in a rheumatoid arthritis cohort not explained by traditional cardiac risk factors. Arthritis Rheum 2001; 44: 2737-45.
36. Silman AJ, Newman J, MacGregor AJ. Cigarette smoking increases the risk of rheumatoid arthritis. Results from a nationwide study of disease-discordant twins. Arthritis Rheum 1996; 39: 732-5.
37. Criswell LA, Saag KG, Mikuls TR, et al. Cigarette smoking and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis among postmenopausal women: results from the Iowa Women's Health Study. Ann Rheum Dis 2006; 65: 1163-7.
38. Doran M. Rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes mellitus: evidence for an association? J Rheumatol 2007; 34: 460-2.
39. La Montagna G, Cacciapuoti F, Buono R, et al. Insulin resistance is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2007; 4: 130-5.
40. Dessein PH, Tobias M, Veller MG. Metabolic syndrome and sub-clinical atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 2006; 33: 2425-32.
41. Chung CP, Oeser A, Solus JF, et al. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is increased in rheumatoid arthritis and is associated with coronary atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2008; 196: 756-63.
42. Turesson C, Matteson EL. Cardiovascular risk factors, fitness and physical activity in rheumatic diseases. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2007; 19: 190-6.
43. Minor MA, Lane NE. Recreational exercise in arthritis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 1996; 22: 563-77.
44. Hammad TA, Graham DJ, Staffa JA, Kornegay CJ, Dal Pan GJ. Onset of acute myocardial infarction after use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2008; 17: 315-21.
45. Wasko MC, Hubert HB, Lingala VB, et al. Hydroxychloroquine and risk of diabetes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. JAMA 2007; 298: 187-93.
46. Choi HK, Hernán MA, Seeger JD, Robins JM, Wolfe F. Methotrexate and mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective study. Lancet 2002; 359: 1173-7.
47. Nashel D. Is atherosclerosis a complication of long-term corticosteroid treatment? Am J Med 1986; 80: 925-9.
48. Sherer Y, Shoenfeld Y. Mechanisms of disease: atherosclerosis in autoimmune diseases. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol 2006; 2: 99-106.
49. Goodson NJ, Symmons DP, Scott DG, Bunn D, Lunt M, Silman AJ. Baseline levels of C-reactive protein and prediction of death from cardiovascular disease in patients with inflammatory polyarthritis: a ten-year follow-up study of a primary care-based inception cohort. Arthritis Rheum 2005; 52: 2293-9.
50. Book C, Saxne T, Jacobsson LT. Prediction of mortality in rheumatoid arthritis based on disease activity markers. J Rheumatol 2005; 32: 430-4.
51. Mattey DL, Glossop JR, Nixon NB, Dawes PT. Circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor receptors are highly predictive of mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2007; 56: 3940-8.
52. Ross R. Atherosclerosis - an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1999; 340: 115-26.
53. Pasceri V, Yeh ET. A tale of two diseases: atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Circulation 1999; 100: 2124-6.
54. Dixon WG, Symmons DP. What effects might anti-TNFalpha treatment be expected to have on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis? A review of the role of TNFalpha in cardiovascular pathophysiology. Ann Rheum Dis 2007; 66: 1132-6.
55. van Leuven SI, Franssen R, Kastelein JJ, Levi M, Stroes ES, Tak PP. Systemic inflammation as a risk factor for atherothrombosis. Rheumatology 2008; 47: 3-7.
56. Hahn BH, Grossman J, Chen W, McMahon M. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in autoimmune rheumatic diseases: Roles of inflammation and dyslipidemia. J Autoimmun 2007; 28: 69-75.
57. Libby P. Inflammation in atherosclerosis. Nature 2002; 420: 868-74.
58. Schuger L, Varani J, Marks RM, KunkelSL, Johnson KJ, Ward PA. Cytotoxicity of tumor necrosis factoralpha for human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Lab Invest 1989; 61: 62-8.
59. Pradhan AD, Rifai N, Ridker PM. Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1, and the development of symptomatic peripheral arterial disease in men. Circulation 2002; 106: 820-5.
60. Corretti MC, Anderson TJ, Benjamin EJ, et al. International Brachial Artery Reactivity Task Force. Guidelines for the ultrasound assessment of endothelial-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery: a report of the International Brachial Artery Reactivity Task Force. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 39: 257-65.
61. Vaudo G, Marchesi S, Gerli R, et al. Endothelial dysfunction in young patients with rheumatoid arthritis and low disease activity. Ann Rheum Dis 2004; 63: 31-5.
62. Kerekes G, Szekanecz Z, Dér H, et al. Endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis: a multiparametric analysis using imaging techniques and laboratory markers of inflammation and autoimmunity. J Rheumatol 2008; 35: 398-406.
63. Park YB, Lee SK, Lee WK, et al. Lipid profiles in untreated patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 1999; 26: 1701-4.
64. Popa C, Netea MG, van Riel PL, van der Meer JW, Stalenhoef AF. The role of TNF-alpha in chronic inflammatory conditions, intermediary metabolism, and cardiovascular risk. J Lipid Res 2007; 48: 751-62.
65. van der Poll T, Romijn JA, Endert E, Borm JJ, Buller HR, Sauerwein HP. Tumor necrosis factor mimics the metabolic response to acute infection in healthy humans. Am J Physiol 261: E457-65.
66. Sattar N, McCarey DW, Capell H, McInnes IB. Explaining how "high-grade" systemic inflammation accelerates vascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis. Circulation 2003; 108: 2957-63.
67. Levi M, van der Poll T, Büller HR. Bidirectional relation between inflammation and coagulation. Circulation 2004; 109: 2698-704.
68. Choi G, Schultz MJ, Levi M, van der Poll T. The relationship between inflammation and the coagulation system. Swiss Med Wkly 2006; 136: 139-44.
69. Grignani G, Maiolo A. Cytokines and hemostasis. Haematologica 2000; 85: 967-72.
70. Moosbauer C, Morgenstern E, Cuvelier SL, et al. Eosinophils are a major intravascular location for tissue factor storage and exposure. Blood 2007; 109: 995-1002.
71. VanWijk MJ, VanBavel E, Sturk A, Nieuwland R. Microparticles in cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovasc Res 2003; 59: 277-87.
72. van der Poll T, Büller HR, ten Cate H, et al. Activation of coagulation after administration of tumor necrosis factor to normal subjects. N Engl J Med 1990; 322: 1622-7.
73. Ingegnoli F, Fantini F, Favalli EG, et al.Inflammatory and prothrombotic biomarkers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha blockade. J Autoimmun 2008; 31: 175-9.
74. van der Poll T, Levi M, Büller HR, et al. Fibrinolytic response to tumor necrosis factor in healthy subjects. J Exp Med 1991; 174: 729-32.
75. Sebbag M, Moinard N, Auger I, et al. Epitopes of human fibrin recognized by the rheumatoid arthritis-specific autoantibodies to citrullinated proteins. Eur J Immunol 2006; 36: 2250-63.
76. Wagner DD, Burger PC. Platelets in inflammation and thrombosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2003; 23: 2131-7.
77. Gawaz M, Langer H, May AE. Platelets in inflammation and atherogenesis. J Clin Invest 2005; 115: 3378-84.
78. Kopp S, Alstergren P. Blood serotonin and joint pain in seropositive vs. seronegative rheumatoid arthritis. Mediators Inflamm 2002; 11: 211-7.
79. Avouac J, Allanore Y. Cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis: effects of anti-TNF drugs. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2008; 9: 1121-8.
80. Pham T, Gossec L, Constantin A, et al. Cardiovascular risk and rheumatoid arthritis: clinical practice guidelines based on published evidence and expert opinion. Joint Bone Spine 2006; 73: 379-87.
81. Jacobsson LT, Turesson C, Gülfe A, et al. Treatment with tumor necrosis factor blockers is associated with a lower incidence of first cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 2005; 32: 1213-8.
82. Jacobsson LT, Turesson C, Nilsson JA, et al. Treatment with TNF blockers and mortality risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2007; 66: 670-5.
83. Carmona L, Descalzo MA, Perez-Pampin E, et al. All-cause and cause-specific mortality in rheumatoid arthritis are not greater than expected when treated with tumor necrosis factor antagonists. Ann Rheum Dis 2007; 66: 880-5.
84. Dixon WG, Watson KD, Lunt M, et al. Reduction in the incidence of myocardial infarction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who respond to anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy: results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register. Arthritis Rheum 2007; 56: 2905-12.
85. Hürlimann D, Forster A, Noll G, et al. Anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha treatment improves endothelial function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Circulation 2002; 106: 2184-7.
86. Irace C, Mancuso G, Fiaschi E, Madia A, Sesti G, Gnasso A. Effect of anti TNFalpha therapy on arterial diameter and wall shear stress and HDL cholesterol. Atherosclerosis 2004; 177: 113-8.
87. Gonzalez-Juanatey C, Testa A, Garcia-Castelo A, Garcia-Porrua C, Llorca J, Gonzalez-Gay MA. Active but transient improvement of endothelial function in rheumatoid arthritis patients undergoing long-term treatment with anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha antibody. Arthritis Rheum 2004; 51: 447-50.
88. Kiortsis DN, Mavridis AK, Vasakos S, Nikas SN, Drosos AA. Effects of infliximab treatment on insulin resistance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 2005; 64: 765-6.
89. Rosenvinge A, Krogh-Madsen R, Baslund B, Pedersen BK. Insulin resistance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: effect of anti-TNFalpha therapy. Scand J Rheumatol 2007; 36: 91-6.
90. Popa C, Netea MG, Radstake T, et al. Influence of anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2005; 64: 303-5.
91. Soubrier M, Jouanel P, Mathieu S, et al. Effects of anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy on lipid profile in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Joint Bone Spine 2008; 75: 22-4.
92. Agirbasli M, Inanc N, Baykan OA, Direskeneli H. The effects of TNF alpha inhibition on plasma fibrinolytic balance in patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatical disorders. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2006; 24: 580-3.
93. Charles P, Elliott MJ, Davis D, et al. Regulation of cytokines, cytokine inhibitors, and acute-phase proteins following anti-TNF-alpha therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. J Immunol 1999; 163: 1521-8.
94. Gazi IF, Boumpas DT, Mikhailidis DP, Ganotakis ES. Clustering of cardiovascular risk factors in rheumatoid arthritis: the rationale for using statins. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2007; 25: 102-11.
95. Charles-Schoeman C, Khanna D, Furst DE, et al. Effects of high-dose atorvastatin on antiinflammatory properties of high density lipoprotein in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a pilot study. J Rheumatol 2007; 34: 1459-64.
96. Van Doornum S, McColl G, Wicks IP. Atorvastatin reduces arterial stiffness in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2004; 63: 1571-5.
97. McCarey DW, McInnes IB, Madhok R, et al. Trial of Atorvastatin in Rheumatoid Arthritis (TARA): double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2004; 363: 2015-21.
98. Abud-Mendoza C, de la Fuente H, Cuevas-Orta E, Baranda L, Cruz-Rizo J, González-Amaro R. Therapy with statins in patients with refractory rheumatic diseases: a preliminary study. Lupus 2003; 12: 607-11.
99. Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou A, Metsios GS, Pasovlas VF et al. Associations of obesity with modifiable risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2009; 68: 242-5.