Prevalence and risk factors for trachoma in central and southern Malawi

PLoS ONE

Volumn 5, Issue 2, 2010, Pages

  Kalua, Khumbo ^a,d   Chirwa, Tobias ^b   Kalilani, Linda ^a   Abbenyi, Sam ^c   Mukaka, Mavuto ^a   Bailey, Robin ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MALAWI   (Malawi)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MALAWI   (Malawi)

^c International Trachoma Initiative   (United States)

^d LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CHILD; FEMALE; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; INFANT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALAWI; MALE; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTOR; SCHOOL CHILD; TRACHOMA; TRICHIASIS; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; GEOGRAPHY; INFORMATION PROCESSING; METHODOLOGY; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; STATISTICAL MODEL;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DATA COLLECTION; FEMALE; GEOGRAPHY; HUMANS; INFANT; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALAWI; MALE; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; TRACHOMA;

EID: 77949402395     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009067     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Mabey DC, Forsey T, Treharne JD (1987) Serotypes of Chlamydia trachomatis in The Gambia. Lancet 2: 452.
2. Bailey R (2007) rRNA-based tests for chlamydial infection in trachoma. Br J Ophthalmol 91: 271.
3. Bowman RJ, Jatta B, Cham B, Bailey RL, Faal H, et al. (2001) Natural history of trachomatous scarring in The Gambia: results of a 12-year longitudinal follow-up. Ophthalmology 108: 2219-2224.
4. WHO (2004) WHO simplified trachoma grading system. Community Eye Health Dec 17(52): 68.
5. Thylefors B, Dawson CR JR, West SK, Taylor HR (1987) A simple system for the assessment of trachoma and its complications. Bulletin of World Health Organisation 65: 477-483.
6. Mariotti SP, Pascolini D, Rose-Nussbaumer J (2009) Trachoma: global magnitude of a preventable cause of blindness. Br J Ophthalmol 93: 563-568.
7. Burton MJ (2007) Trachoma: an overview. Br Med Bull 84: 99-116.
8. Resnikoff S, Pascolini D, Etya'ale D, Kocur I, Pararajasegaram R, et al. (2004) Global data on visual impairment in the year 2002. Bull World Health Organ 82: 844-851.
9. West SK, Munoz B, Lynch M, Kayongoya A, Mmbaga BB, et al. (1996) Risk factors for constant, severe trachoma among preschool children in Kongwa, Tanzania. Am J Epidemiol 143: 73-78.
10. Reddy M, Gill SS, Kalkar SR, Wu W, Anderson PJ, et al. (2007) Oral drug therapy for multiple neglected tropical diseases: a systematic review. Jama 298: 1911-1924.
11. Mariotti SP, Pararajasegaram R, Resnikoff S (2003) Trachoma: looking forward to Global Elimination of Trachoma by 2020 (GET 2020). Am J Trop Med Hyg 69: 33-35.
12. Tielsch JM, West KP Jr, Katz J, Keyvan-Larijani E, Tizazu T, et al. (1988) The epidemiology of trachoma in southern Malawi. Am J Trop Med Hyg 38: 393-399.
13. Hoechsmann A, Metcalfe N, Kanjaloti S, Godia H, Mtambo O, et al. (2001) Reduction of trachoma in the absence of antibiotic treatment: evidence from a population-based survey in Malawi. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 8: 145-153.
14. Polack S, Brooker S, Kuper H, Mariotti S, Mabey D, et al. (2005) Mapping the global distribution of trachoma. Bull World Health Organ 83: 913-919.
15. Brady MA, Hooper PJ, Ottesen EA (2006) Projected benefits from integrating NTD programs in sub-Saharan Africa. Trends Parasitol 22: 285-291.
16. WHO (2006) Trachoma Control: A guide for programme managers.Published jointly by the World Health Organization, the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and the International Trachoma Initiative. Geneva. WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data.
17. Myatt M, Limburg H, Minassian D, Katyola D (2003) Field trial of applicability of lot quality assurance sampling survey method for rapid assessment of prevalence of active trachoma. Bull World Health Organ 81: 877-885.
18. Courtright P, Hoechsmann A, Metcalfe N, Chirambo M, Noertjojo K, et al. (2003) Changes in blindness prevalence over 16 years in Malawi: reduced prevalence but increased numbers of blind. Br J Ophthalmol 87: 1079-1082.
19. Baggaley RF, Solomon AW, Kuper H, Polack S, Massae PA, et al. (2006) Distance to water source and altitude in relation to active trachoma in Rombo district, Tanzania. Trop Med Int Health 11: 220-227.
20. Ngondi J, Matthews F, Reacher M, Onsarigo A, Matende I, et al. (2007) Prevalence of risk factors and severity of active trachoma in southern Sudan: an ordinal analysis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2007 Jul;77(1): 126-32 77: 126-132.
21. Emerson PM, Lindsay SW, Alexander N, Bah M, Dibba SM, et al. (2004) Role of flies and provision of latrines in trachoma control: cluster-randomised controlled trial. Lancet 363: 1093-1098.
22. Emerson PM, Ngondi J, Biru E, Graves PM, Ejigsemahu Y, et al. (2008) Integrating an NTD with One of "The Big Three": Combined Malaria and Trachoma Survey in Amhara Region of Ethiopia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2: e197.