What do these memories do? Civil rights remembrance and racial attitudes

American Sociological Review

Volumn 74, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 594-614

  Griffin, Larry J ^a   Bollen, Kenneth A ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^b Odum Institute for Research in Social Science   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CIVIL RIGHTS; MEMORY; PUBLIC ATTITUDE; RACE; RACISM; SOCIAL MOVEMENT;

UNITED STATES;

EID: 77949371581     PISSN: 00031224     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/000312240907400405     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. Alderman, Derek H. 2000. "A Street Fit for a King: Naming Places and Commemoration in the American South." Professional Geographer 52:672-84.
2. Armstrong, Elizabeth A. and Suzanna M. Crage. 2006. "Movements and Memory: The Making of the Stonewall Myth." American Sociological Review 71:724-51.
3. Blair, Carole and Neil Michel. 2000. "Reproducing Civil Rights Tactics: The Rhetorical Performances of the Civil Rights Memorial." Rhetoric Society Quarterly 30:31-55.
4. Blauner, Bob. 1990. Black Lives, White Lives: Three Decades of Race Relations in America. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
5. Blight, David W. 2001. Race and Reunion: The Civil War in American Memory. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.
6. Bobo, Lawrence and James R. Kluegel. 1993. "Opposition to Race-Targeting: Self-Interest, Stratif ication Ideology, or Racial Ideology." American Sociological Review 58:443-64.
7. Bobo, Lawrence, James R. Kluegel, and Ryan A. Smith. 1997. "Laissez-Faire Racism: The Crystallization of a Kinder, Gentler, Antiblack Prejudice." Pp. 15-44 in Racial Attitudes in the 1990s: Continuity and Change, edited by S. A.
8. Tuch and J. K. Martin. Westport, CT: Prager. Bodnar, John. 1992. Remaking America: Public Memory, Commemoration, and Patriotism in the Twentieth Century. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
9. Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo. 2003. Racism without Racists: Color-Blind Racism and the Persistence of Racial Inequality in the United States. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.
10. Booth, W. James. 2006. Communities of Memory: On Witness, Identity, and Justice. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
11. Brundage, W. Fitzhugh. 2000. "No Deed But Memory." Pp. 1-28 in Where These Memories Grow: History, Memory, and Southern Identity, edited by W. Fitzhugh Brundage. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press.
12. Carrier, Jim. 2004. A Traveler's Guide to the Civil Rights Movement. Orlando, FL: Harcourt.
13. Carson, Clayborne, ed. 1998. The Autobiography of Martin Luther King, Jr. New York: Warner Books.
14. Confino, Alon. 1997. "Collective Memory and Cultural History: Problems of Method." American Historical Review 102:1386-1403.
15. Doosje, Bertijan, Nyla R. Branscombe, Russel Spears, and Antony S. R. Manstead. 1998. "Guilty by Association: When One's Group Has a Negative History." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 75:872-86.
16. Edsall, Thomas Byrne and Mary D. Edsall. 1991. Chain Reaction: The Impact of Race, Rights, and Taxes on American Politics. New York: W.W. Norton.
17. Edwards, R. A. R. 2006. "Deaf Rights, Civil Rights: The Gallaudet 'Deaf President Now' Strike and Historical Memory of the Civil Rights Movement." Pp. 317-45 in The Civil Rights Movement in American Memory, edited by R. C. Romano and L. Raiford. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.
18. Fuller, Jennifer. 2006. "Debating the Present through the Past: Representations of the Civil Rights Movement in the 1990s." Pp. 167-96 in The Civil Rights Movement in American Memory, edited by R. C. Romano and L. Raiford. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.
19. Gallagher, Victoria J. 1999. "Memory and Reconciliation in the Birmingham Civil Rights Institute." Rhetoric and Public Affairs 2:303-320.
20. Garrow, David J. 1988. Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. New York: Vintage.
21. Gibson, James L. 2004. Overcoming Apartheid: Can Truth Reconcile a Divided Nation? New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
22. Gillis, John R. 1994. "Memory and Identity: The History of a Relationship." Pp. 3-24 in Commemorations: The Politics of National Identity, edited by J. R. Gillis. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
23. Graham, Hugh D. 1994. "Introduction." Pp. 1-11 in Civil Rights in the United States, edited by H. D. Graham. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press.
24. Griffin, Larry J. 2004. "'Generations and Collective Memory'Revisited: Race, Region and Memory of Civil Rights." American Sociological Review 69:544-57.
25. Griff in, Larry J. and Peggy G. Hargis. 2008. "Surveying Memory: The Past in Black and White." Southern Literary Journal 11:42-69.
26. Griswold, Wendy. 1987. "A Methodological Framework for the Sociology of Culture." Sociological Methodology 17:1-35.
27. Hall, Jacqueline Dowd. 2005. "The Long Civil Rights Movement and the Political Uses of the Past." Journal of American History 91:1233-63.
28. Hamburger, Robert. 2008. "'For Us the Living': Visits to Civil Rights Museums." Southern Cultures 14:52-67.
29. Harris, Fredrick C. 2006. "It Takes a Tragedy to Arouse Them: Collective Memory and Collective Action during the Civil Rights Movement." Social Movement Studies 5:19-43.
30. Irwin-Zarecka, Iwona. 1994. Frames of Remembrance: The Dynamics of Collective Memory. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
31. Isaac, Larry W. and Lars Christiansen. 2002. "How the Civil Rights Movement Revitalized Labor Militancy." American Sociological Review 67:722-46.
32. Jackman, Mary R. and Michael J. Muha. 1984. "Education and Intergroup Attitudes: Moral Enlightenment, Superf icial Democratic Commitment, or Ideological Refinement?" American Sociological Review 49:751-69.
33. Jacobs, Ronald N. 1996. "Civil Society and Crisis: Culture, Discourse, and the Rodney King Beating." American Journal of Sociology 101:1238-72.
34. Jansen, Robert S. 2007. "Resurrection and Appropriation: Reputational Trajectories, Memory Work, and the Political Use of Historical Figures." American Journal of Sociology 112:953-1007.
35. Kammen, Michael. 1991. Mystic Chords of Memory: The Transformation of Tradition in American Culture. New York: Knopf.
36. Kansteiner, Wulf. 2002. "Finding Meaning in Memory: A Methodological Critique of Collective Memory Studies." History and Theory 41:179-97.
37. King, Martin Luther, Jr. 1964. "Letter from the Birmingham Jail." Pp. 76-95 in Why We Can't Wait. New York: New American Library.
38. Krysan, Maria. 2000. "Prejudice, Politics, and Public Opinion: Understanding the Sources of Racial Policy Attitudes." Annual Review of Sociology 26:135-68.
39. Little, Roderick J. A. and Donald B. Rubin. 2002. Statistical Analysis with Missing Data. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley.
40. Marley, David John. 2006. "Riding in the Back of the Bus: The Christian Right's Adoption of Civil Rights Movement Rhetoric." Pp. 346-62 in The Civil Rights Movement in American Memory, edited by R. C. Romano and L. Raiford. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.
41. McAdam, Doug. 1988. Freedom Summer. New York: Oxford University Press.
42. Merelman, Richard M. 1995. Representing Black Culture. New York: Routledge, Kegan, and Paul.
43. Misztal, Barbara A. 2003. Theories of Social Remembering. Maidenhead, UK: Open University Press.
44. Morgan, Edward P. 2006. "The Good, the Bad, and the Forgotten: Media Culture and Public Memory of the Civil Rights Movement." Pp. 137-66 in The Civil Rights Movement in American Memory, edited by R. C. Romano and L. Raiford. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.
45. Myrdal, Gunnar. 1944. An American Dilemma: The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy. New York: Harper and Brothers.
46. Nerone, John. 1989. "Professional History and Social Memory." Communication 11:89-104.
47. Novick, Peter. 1999. The Holocaust in American Life. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
48. Olick, Jeffrey K. and Daniel Levy. 1997. "Collective Memory and Cultural Constraint: Holocaust Myth and Rationality in German Politics." American Sociological Review 62:921-36.
49. Olick, Jeffery K. and Joyce Robbins. 1998. "Social Memory Studies: From Collective Memory to Historical Sociology of Mnemonic Practices." Annual Review of Sociology 24:105-40.
50. Pager, Devah and Lincoln Quillen. 2005. "Walking the Talk: What Employers Say Versus What They Do." American Sociological Review 70:355-80.
51. Pennebaker, James W. and Becky L. Banasik. 1997. "On the Creation and Maintenance of Collective Memory: History as Social Psychology." Pp. 3-20 in Collective Memory of Political Events: Social Psychological Perspectives, edited by J. W. Pennebaker, D. Paez, and B. Rimé. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
52. Penney, Robert A. 2006. "Interpretation, Meaning, and Worker Solidarity." Social Problems 53:139-60.
53. Polletta, Francesca. 1998. "Legacies and Liabilities of an Insurgence Past: Remembering Martin Luther King on the House and Senate Floor." Social Science History 22:479-512.
54. Romano, Renee C. 2006. "Narratives of Redemption: The Birmingham Church Bombings Trials and the Construction of Civil Rights Memory." Pp. 96-133 in The Civil Rights Movement in American Memory, edited by R. C. Romano and L. Raiford. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.
55. Rosenzweig, Roy and David Thelen. 1998. The Presence of the Past: Popular Uses of History in American Life. New York: Columbia University Press.
56. Sandage, Scott A. 1993. "A Marble House Divided: The Lincoln Memorial, the Civil Rights Movement, and the Politics of Memory, 1939-1963." Journal of American History 80:135-67.
57. Savelsberg, Joachim J. and Ryan D. King. 2005. "Institutionalizing Collective Memories of Hate: Law and Law Enforcement in Germany and the United States." American Journal of Sociology 111:579-616.
58. Schudson, Michael. 1989a. "The Present in the Past versus the Past in the Present." Communication 11:105-13.
59. Schudson, Michael. 1989b. "How Culture Works: Perspectives from Media Studies on the Efficacy of Symbols." Theory and Society 18:153-80.
60. Schudson, Michael. 1992. Watergate in American Memory: How We Remember, Forget, and Reconstruct the Past. New York: Basic Books.
61. Schudson, Michael. 1997. "Lives, Laws, and Language: Commemorative versus Non-Commemorative Forms of Effective Public Memory." Communication Review 2:3-17.
62. Schuman, Howard and Amy D. Corning. 2006. "Comparing Iraq to Vietnam: Recognition, Recall, and the Nature of Cohort Effects." Public Opinion Quarterly 70:78-87.
63. Schuman, Howard and John Harding. 1963. "Sympathetic Identification with the Underdog." Public Opinion Quarterly 27:230-41.
64. Schuman, Howard and Cheryl Rieger. 1992. "Historical Analogies, Generational Effects, and Attitudes Toward War." American Sociological Review 57:315-26.
65. Schuman, Howard and Willard L. Rodgers. 2004. "Cohorts, Chronology, and Collective Memories." Public Opinion Quarterly 68:217-54.
66. Schuman, Howard and Jacqueline Scott. 1989. "Generations and Collective Memories." American Sociological Review 54:359-81.
67. Schuman, Howard, Charlotte Steeh, Lawrence Bobo, and Maria Kyrsan. 1997. Racial Attitudes in America: Trends and Interpretations. Rev. ed. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
68. Schwartz, Barry. 2000. Abraham Lincoln and the Forge of National Memory. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
69. Schwartz, Barry and Howard Schuman. 2005. "History, Commemoration, and Belief: Abraham Lincoln in American Memory, 1945-2001." American Sociological Review 70:183-203.
70. Scott, Shaunna L. 1996. "Dead Work: The Construction and Reconstruction of the Harlan Miners Memorial." Qualitative Sociology 19:365-93.
71. Sniderman, Paul and Edward G. Carmines. 1997. Reaching Beyond Race. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
72. Swim, Janet K. and Deborah L. Miller. 1999. "White Guilt: Its Antecedents and Consequences for Attitudes toward Affirmative Action." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 25:500-514.
73. Tuch, Steven A. and Michael Hughes. 1996. "Whites' Racial Policy Attitudes." Social Science Quarterly 77:723-45.
74. Vinitzky-Seroussi, Vered. 2002. "Confronting a Difficult Past: Yitzhak Rabin's Memorials." American Sociological Review 67:30-51.
75. Virtanen, Simo V. and Leonie Huddy. 1998. "Oldfashioned Racism and New Forms of Racial Prejudice." Journal of Politics 60:311-32.
76. Wertsch, James V. 2002. Voices of Collective Remembering. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
77. Zelizer, Barbie. 1995. "Reading Against the Grain: The Shape of Memory Studies." Critical Studies in Mass Communication 7:214-39.
78. Zerubavel, Eviatar. 1996. "Social Memories: Steps to Sociology of the Past." Qualitative Sociology 19:283-99.