Size effects and extraordinary stability of ultrathin vapor deposited glassy films of toluene

Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters

Volumn 1, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 341-345

  Leon Gutierrez, E ^a   Garcia, G ^a   Lopeandia, A F ^a   Clavaguera Mora, M T ^a   Rodriguez Viejo J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA   (Spain)

Author keywords

Nanoparticles and nanostructures

Indexed keywords

AS-DEPOSITED FILMS; EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE; FICTIVE TEMPERATURES; FILM SURFACES; GLASSY FILMS; HEAT-CAPACITY DATA; KINETIC STABILITY; LIQUID STATE; ORGANIC MOLECULES; SIZE EFFECTS; ULTRA-THIN; VAPOR PHASE;

GLASS; LIQUIDS; NANOPARTICLES; SIZE DETERMINATION; TOLUENE; ULTRATHIN FILMS; VAPORS;

GLASS TRANSITION;

EID: 77149179829     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19487185     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jz900178u     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Ellison, C. J.; Torkelson, J. M. The Distribution of Glass- Transition Temperatures in Nanoscopically Confined Glass Formers. Nat. Mater. 2003, 2, 695-700
2. Shin, K.; Obukhov, S.; Chen, J. T.; Huh, J.; Hwang, Y.; Mok, S.; Dobriyal, P.; Thiyagarajan, P.; Russell, T. P. Enhanced Mobility of Confined Polymers. Nat. Mater. 2007, 6, 961-965
3. Fakhraai, Z.; Forrest, J. A. Measuring the Surface Dynamics of Glassy Polymers. Science 2008, 319, 600-604
4. Yamamuro, O.; Tsukushi, I.; Lindqvist, A.; Takahara, S.; Ishikawa, M.; Matsuo, T. Calorimetric Study of Glassy and Liquid Toluene and Ethylbenzene: Thermodynamic Approach to Spatial Heterogeneity in Glass-Forming Molecular Liquids. J. Phys. Chem. B 1998, 102, 1605-1609
5. Alba, C.; Busse, L. E.; List, D. J.; Angell, C. A. Thermodynamic Aspects of the Vitrification of Toluene, and Xylene Isomers, and the Fragility of Liquid Hydrocarbons. J. Chem. Phys. 1990, 92,617-624
6. Angell, C. A. Formation of Glasses from Liquids and Biopolymers. Science 1995, 267, 1924-1935
7. Jackson, C. L.; McKenna, G. B. The Glass Transition of Organic Liquids Confined to Small Pores. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 1991, 131-133, 221-224
8. Arndt, M.; Stannarius, R.; Groothues, H.; Hempel, E.; Kremer, F. Length Scale of Cooperativity in the Dynamic Glass Transition. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1997, 79, 2077-2080
9. Alba-Simionesco, C.; Dosseh, C.; Dumont, E.; Frick, B.; Geil, B.; Morineau, D.; Teboul, V.; Xia, Y. Confinement of Molecular Liquids: Consequences on Thermodynamic, Static and Dynamical Properties of Benzene and Toluene. Eur. Phys. J. E 2003,12,19-28
10. Alcoutlabi, M.; McKenna, G. B. Effects of Confinement on Material Behaviour at the Nanometre Size Scale. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 2005, 17, R461-R425
11. Leon-Gutierrez, E.; Garcia, G.; Lopeandia, A. F.; Fraxedas, J.; Clavaguera-Mora, M. T.; Rodriguez-Viejo, J. In Situ Nanocalorimetry of Thin Glassy Organic Films. J. Chem. Phys. 2008, 129,181101
12. Leon-Gutierrez, E.; Garcia, G.; Clavaguera-Mora, M. T.; Rodríguez-Viejo, J. Glass Transition in Vapor Deposited Thin Films of Toluene. Thermochim. Acta 2009, 492, 51-54
13. Efremov, M. Y.; Olson, E. A.; Zhang, M.; Zhang, Z.; Allen, L. H. Glass Transition in Ultrathin Polymer Films: Calorimetric Study. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2003, 91, 085703
14. Efremov, M. Y.; Olson, E. A.; Zhang, M.; Zhang, Z. S.; Allen, L. H. Probing Glass Transition of Ultrathin Polymer Films at a Time Scale of Seconds Using Fast Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Macromolecules 2004, 37, 4607-4616
15. Serghei, A.; Huth, H.; Schick, C.; Kremer, F. Glassy Dynamics in Thin Polymer Layers Having a Free Upper Interface. Macromolecules 2008, 41, 3636-3639
16. Keddie, J. L.; Jones, R. A. L.; Cory, R. A. Size-Dependent Depression of the Glass Transition Temperature in Polymer Films. Europhys. Lett. 1994, 27, 59-64
17. Yang, H.; Sharp, J. S. Interfacial Effects and the Glass Transition in Ultrathin Films of Poly(tert-butyl methacrylate). Macromolecules 2008, 41, 4811-4816
18. Fakhraai, Z.; Forrest, J. A. Probing Slow Dynamics in Supported Thin Polymer Films. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2005, 95, 025701
19. Huth, H.; Minakov, A. A.; Serghei, A.; Kremer, F.; Schick, C. Differential AC-Chip Calorimeter for Glass Transition Measurements in Ultra Thin Polymeric Films. Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top. 2007, 141, 153-160
20. Sharp, J. S.; Forrest, J. A. Dielectric and Ellipsometric Studies of the Dynamics in Thin Films of Isotactic Poly- (methylmethacrylate) with One Free Surface. Phys. Rev. E 2003,67,031805
21. Swallen, S. F.; Kearns, K. L.; Mapes, M. K.; Kim, Y. S.; McMahon, R. J.; Robert, J.; Ediger, M. D.; Wu, T.; Yu, L.; Satija, S. Organic Glasses with Exceptional Thermodynamic and Kinetic Stability. Science 2007, 315, 353-356
22. Kearns, K. L.; Swallen, S. F.; Ediger, M. D.; Wu, T.; Yu, L. Influence ofSubstrateTemperature on the StabilityofGlasses Prepared by Vapor Deposition. J. Chem. Phys. 2007, 127, 154702
23. Ishii, K.; Nakayama, H.; Hirabayashi, S.; Moriyama, R. Anomalously High-Density Glass of Ethylbenzene Prepared by Vapor Deposition at Temperatures Close to the Glass- Transition Temperature. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2008, 459, 109-112
24. Kearns, K. L.; Swallen, S. F.; Ediger, M. D.; Wu, T.; Sun, Y.; Yu, L. Hiking down the Energy Landscape: Progress toward the Kauzmann Temperature via Vapor Deposition. J. Phys. Chem. B 2008, 112, 4934-4942
25. Morineau, D.; Xia, Y.; Alba-Simonesco, C. Finite-Size and Surface Effects on the Glass Transition of Liquid Toluene Confined in Cylindrical Mesopores. J. Chem. Phys. 2002, 117,08966
26. Scott, D. W.; Guthrie, G. B.; Messerly, J. F.; Todd, S. S.; Berg, W. T.; Hossenlopp, I. A.; McCullough, J. P. Toluene: Thermodynamic Properties, Molecular Vibrations, and Internal Rotation. J. Phys. Chem. 1962, 66, 911-914
27. Matyushov, D.; Angell, C. A. Gaussian Excitations Model for Glass-Former Dynamics and Thermodynamics. J. Chem. Phys. 2007, 126, 094501
28. Koh, Y. P.; Simon, S. L. Structural Relaxation of Stacked Ultrathin Polystyrene Films. J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys. 2008,46,2741-2753
29. Swallen, S. F.; Traynor, K.; McMahon, R. J.; Ediger, M. D.; Mates, T. E. Stable Glass Transformation to Supercooled Liquid via Surface-Initiated Growth Front. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2009,6,65503
30. Efremov, M. Yu.; Olson, E. A.; Zhang, M.; Lai, S. L.; Schiettekatte, F.; Zhang, Z. S.; Allen, L. H. Thin-Film Differential Scanning Nanocalorimetry: Heat Capacity Analysis. Thermochim. Acta 2004, 412, 13-23
31. Lopeandía, A. F.; Rodríguez-Viejo, J.; Chacon, M.; Clavaguera- Mora, M. T.; Munoz, F. J. Heat Transfer in Symmetric U-Shaped Microreactors for Thin Film Calorimetry. J. Micro- mech. Microeng. 2006, 16, 965-971.