Activating K-Ras mutations outwith hotspot codons in sporadic colorectal tumours-implications for personalised cancer medicine

British Journal of Cancer

Volumn 102, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 693-703

  Smith, G ^a   Bounds, R ^a   Wolf, H ^a   Steele, R J C ^b   Carey, F A ^a   Wolf, C R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF DUNDEE   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF DUNDEE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Colorectal tumour; Gene amplification; K Ras; Mutation; Personalised medicine

Indexed keywords

ALANINE; ARGININE; ASPARAGINE; B RAF KINASE; EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR; GLUTAMIC ACID; K RAS PROTEIN; LEUCINE; PHENYLALANINE; RAS PROTEIN; THREONINE;

ADULT; AGED; ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; CANCER GENETICS; CANCER PATIENT; CODON; COLORECTAL CANCER; EMBRYO; ENZYME ASSAY; FEMALE; FLUORESCENCE IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION; GENE ACTIVATION; GENE AMPLIFICATION; GENE MUTATION; GENETIC SCREENING; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; MOUSE; MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS; NONHUMAN; PATIENT SELECTION; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; WILD TYPE;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ANIMALS; CODON; COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS; FEMALE; GENE FREQUENCY; GENES, RAS; HUMANS; INDIVIDUALIZED MEDICINE; MALE; MICE; MIDDLE AGED; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; MUTATION; NIH 3T3 CELLS; PATIENT SELECTION; POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE; TUMOR STEM CELL ASSAY;

EID: 76949093606     PISSN: 00070920     EISSN: 15321827     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605534     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Akagi K, Uchibori R, Yamaguchi K, Kurosawa K, Tanaka Y, Kozu T (2007) Characterization of a novel oncogenic K-ras mutation in colon cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 352: 728-732
2. Andreyev HJ, Norman AR, Cunningham D, Oates J, Dix BR, Iacopetta BJ, Young J, Walsh T, Ward R, Hawkins N, Beranek M, Jandik P, Benamouzig R, Jullian E, Laurent-Puig P, Olschwang S, Muller O, Hoffmann I, Rabes HM, Zietz C, Troungos C, Valavanis C, Yuen ST, Ho JW, Croke CT, O'Donoghue DP, Giaretti W, Rapallo A, Russo A, Bazan V, Tanaka M, Omura K, Azuma T, Ohkusa T, Fujimori T, Ono Y, Pauly M, Faber C, Glaesener R, de Goeij AF, Arends JW, Andersen SN, Lovig T, Breivik J, Gaudernack G, Clausen OP, De Angelis PD, Meling GI, Rognum TO, Smith R, Goh HS, Font A, Rosell R, Sun XF, Zhang H, Benhattar J, Losi L, Lee JQ, Wang ST, Clarke PA, Bell S, Quirke P, Bubb VJ, Piris J, Cruickshank NR, Morton D, Fox JC, Al-Mulla F, Lees N, Hall CN, Snary D, Wilkinson K, Dillon D, Costa J, Pricolo VE, Finkelstein SD, Thebo JS, Senagore AJ, Halter SA, Wadler S, Malik S, Krtolica K, Urosevic N (2001) Kirsten ras mutations in patients with colorectal cancer: the 'RASCAL II' study. Br J Cancer 85: 692-696
3. Barbacid M (1990) Ras oncogenes: their role in neoplasia. Eur J Clin Invest 20: 225-235
4. Benvenuti S, Sartore-Bianchi A, Di Nicolantonio F, Zanon C, Moroni M, Veronese S, Siena S, Bardelli A (2007) Oncogenic activation of the RAS/RAF signaling pathway impairs the response of metastatic color-ectal cancers to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibody therapies. Cancer Res 67: 2643-2648
5. Bloethner S, Chen B, Hemminki K, Muller-Berghaus J, Ugurel S, Schadendorf D, Kumar R (2005) Effect of common B-RAF and N-RAS mutations on global gene expression in melanoma cell lines. Carcino-genesis 26: 1224-1232
6. Bos JL (1989) ras oncogenes in human cancer: a review. Cancer Res 49: 4682-4689
7. Conlin A, Smith G, Carey FA, Wolf CR, Steele RJ (2005) The prognostic significance of K-ras, p53, and APC mutations in colorectal carcinoma. Gut 54: 1283-1286
8. Croonquist PA, Linden MA, Zhao F, Van Ness BG (2003) Gene profiling of a myeloma cell line reveals similarities and unique signatures among IL-6 response, N-ras-activating mutations, and coculture with bone marrow stromal cells. Blood 102: 2581-2592
9. Davies H, Bignell GR, Cox C, Stephens P, Edkins S, Clegg S, Teague J, Woffendin H, Garnett MJ, Bottomley W, Davis N, Dicks E, Ewing R, Floyd Y, Gray K, Hall S, Hawes R, Hughes J, Kosmidou V, Menzies A, Mould C, Parker A, Stevens C, Watt S, Hooper S, Wilson R, Jayatilake H, Gusterson BA, Cooper C, Shipley J, Hargrave D, Pritchard-Jones K, Maitland N, Chenevix-Trench G, Riggins GJ, Bigner DD, Palmieri G, Cossu A, Flanagan A, Nicholson A, Ho JW, Leung SY, Yuen ST, Weber BL, Seigler HF, Darrow TL, Paterson H, Marais R, Marshall CJ, Wooster R, Stratton MR, Futreal PA (2002) Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer. Nature 417: 949-954
10. de la Chapelle A (2004) Genetic predisposition to colorectal cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 4: 769-780
11. Denayer E, Parret A, Chmara M, Schubbert S, Vogels A, Devriendt K, Frijns JP, Rybin V, de Ravel TJ, Shannon K, Cools J, Scheffzek K, Legius E (2008) Mutation analysis in Costello syndrome: functional and structural characterization of the HRAS p.Lys117Arg mutation. Hum Mutat 29: 232-239
12. Di Nicolantonio F, Martini M, Molinari F, Sartore-Bianchi A, Arena S, Saletti P, De Dosso S, Mazzucchelli L, Frattini M, Siena S, Bardelli A (2008) Wild-type BRAF is required for response to panitumumab or cetuximab in metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 26: 5705-5712
13. Edkins S, O'Meara S, Parker A, Stevens C, Reis M, Jones S, Greenman C, Davies H, Dalgliesh G, Forbes S, Hunter C, Smith R, Stephens P, Goldstraw P, Nicholson A, Chan TL, Velculescu VE, Yuen ST, Leung SY, Stratton MR, Futreal PA (2006) Recurrent KRAS codon 146 mutations in human colorectal cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 5: 928-932
14. Ellis CA, Clark G (2000) The importance of being K-Ras. Cell Signal 12: 425-434
15. Etienne-Grimaldi MC, Formento JL, Francoual M, Francois E, Formento P, Renee N, Laurent-Puig P, Chazal M, Benchimol D, Delpero JR, Letoublon C, Pezet D, Seitz JF, Milano G (2008) K-Ras mutations and treatment outcome in colorectal cancer patients receiving exclusive fluoropyrimi-dine therapy. Clin Cancer Res 14: 4830-4835
16. Freeman DJ, Juan T, Reiner M, Hecht JR, Meropol NJ, Berlin J, Mitchell E, Sarosi I, Radinsky R, Amado RG (2008) Association of K-ras mutational status and clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer receiving panitumumab alone. Clin Colorectal Cancer 7: 184-190
17. Gelsi-Boyer V, Trouplin V, Adelaide J, Aceto N, Remy V, Pinson S, Houdayer C, Arnoulet C, Sainty D, Bentires-Alj M, Olschwang S, Vey N, Mozziconacci MJ, Birnbaum D, Chaffanet M (2008) Genome profiling of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia: frequent alterations of RAS and RUNX1 genes. BMC Cancer 8: 299
18. Gripp KW (2005) Tumor predisposition in Costello syndrome. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 137C: 72-77
19. Higashi T, Sasai H, Suzuki F, Miyoshi J, Ohuchi T, Takai S, Mori T, Kakunaga T (1990) Hamster cell line suitable for transfection assay of transforming genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87: 2409-2413
20. Karapetis CS, Khambata-Ford S, Jonker DJ, O'Callaghan CJ, Tu D, Tebbutt NC, Simes RJ, Chalchal H, Shapiro JD, Robitaille S, Price TJ, Shepherd L, Au HJ, Langer C, Moore MJ, Zalcberg JR (2008) K-ras mutations and benefit from cetuximab in advanced colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 359: 1757-1765
21. Keyse SM (2008) Dual-specificity MAP kinase phosphatases (MKPs) and cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 27: 253-261
22. Khambata-Ford S, Garrett CR, Meropol NJ, Basik M, Harbison CT, Wu S, Wong TW, Huang X, Takimoto CH, Godwin AK, Tan BR, Krishnamurthi SS, Burris III HA, Poplin EA, Hidalgo M, Baselga J, Clark EA, Mauro DJ (2007) Expression of epiregulin and amphiregulin and K-ras mutation status predict disease control in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with cetuximab. J Clin Oncol 25: 3230-3237
23. Kuklin A, Munson K, Gjerde D, Haefele R, Taylor P (1997) Detection of single-nucleotide polymorphisms with the WAVE DNA fragment analysis system. Genet Test 1: 201-206
24. Leslie A, Pratt NR, Gillespie K, Sales M, Kernohan NM, Smith G, Wolf CR, Carey FA, Steele RJ (2003) Mutations of APC, K-ras, and p53 are associated with specific chromosomal aberrations in colorectal adeno-carcinomas. Cancer Res 63: 4656-4661
25. Lievre A, Bachet JB, Le Corre D, Boige V, Landi B, Emile JF, Cote JF, Tomasic G, Penna C, Ducreux M, Rougier P, Penault-Llorca F, Laurent-Puig P (2006) KRAS mutation status is predictive of response to cetuximab therapy in colorectal cancer. Cancer Res 66: 3992-3995
26. Loupakis F, Ruzzo A, Cremolini C, Vincenzi B, Salvatore L, Santini D, Masi G, Stasi I, Canestrari E, Rulli E, Floriani I, Bencardino K, Galluccio N, Catalano V, Tonini G, Magnani M, Fontanini G, Basolo F, Falcone A, Graziano F (2009) KRAS codon 61, 146 and BRAF mutations predict resistance to cetuximab plus irinotecan in KRAS codon 12 and 13 wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 101: 715-721
27. McNeill C (2008) K-Ras mutations are changingpractice in advanced colorectal cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 100: 1667-1669
28. Miyakura Y, Sugano K, Fukayama N, Konishi F, Nagai H (2002) Concurrent mutations of K-ras oncogene at codons 12 and 22 in colon cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 32: 219-221
29. Orita S, Higashi T, Kawasaki Y, Harada A, Igarashi H, Monden T, Morimoto H, Shimano T, Mori T, Miyoshi J (1991) A novel point mutation at codon 146 of the K-ras gene in a human colorectal cancer identified by the polymerase chain reaction. Virus Genes 5: 75-79
30. Pei L, Melmed S, Scheithauer B, Kovacs K, Prager D (1994) H-ras mutations in human pituitary carcinoma metastases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 78: 842-846 (Pubitemid 24118075)
31. Ramos FJ, Macarulla T, Capdevila J, Elez E, Tabernero J (2008) Understanding the predictive role of K-ras for epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted therapies in colorectal cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer 7(SUPPL. 2): S52-S57
32. Sloan SR, Newcomb EW, Pellicer A (1990) Neutron radiation can activate K-ras via a point mutation in codon 146 and induces a different spectrum of ras mutations than does gamma radiation. Mol Cell Biol 10: 405-408
33. Smith G, Carey FA, Beattie J, Wilkie MJ, Lightfoot TJ, Coxhead J, Garner RC, Steele RJ, Wolf CR (2002) Mutations in APC, Kirsten-ras, and p53-alternative genetic pathways to colorectal cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99: 9433-9438
34. Tyner JW, Erickson H, Deininger MW, Willis SG, Eide CA, Levine RL, Heinrich MC, Gattermann N, Gilliland DG, Druker BJ, Loriaux MM (2009) High-throughput sequencing screen reveals novel, transforming RAS mutations in myeloid leukemia patients. Blood 113: 1749-1755
35. Van Cutsem E, Kohne CH, Hitre E, Zaluski J, Chang Chien CR, Makhson A, D'Haens G, Pinter T, Lim R, Bodoky G, Roh JK, Folprecht G, Ruff P, Stroh C, Tejpar S, Schlichting M, Nippgen J, Rougier P (2009) Cetuximab and chemotherapy as initial treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 360: 1408-1417
36. van Krieken H, Tol J (2009) Setting future standards for KRAS testing in colorectal cancer. Pharmacogenomics 10: 1-3
37. Vogelstein B, Fearon ER, Hamilton SR, Kern SE, Preisinger AC, Leppert M, Nakamura Y, White R, Smits AM, Bos JL (1988) Genetic alterations during colorectal-tumor development. N Engl J Med 319: 525-532
38. Wan PT, Garnett MJ, Roe SM, Lee S, Niculescu-Duvaz D, Good VM, Jones CM, Marshall CJ, Springer CJ, Barford D, Marais R (2004) Mechanism of activation of the RAF-ERK signaling pathway by oncogenic mutations of B-RAF. Cell 116: 855-867
39. Warmka JK, Mauro LJ, Wattenberg EV (2004) Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-3 is a tumor promoter target in initiated cells that express oncogenic Ras. J Biol Chem 279: 33085-33092
40. Wellbrock C, Karasarides M, Marais R (2004) The RAF proteins take centre stage. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 5: 875-885
41. Winder T, Mundlein A, Rhomberg S, Dirschmid K, Hartmann BL, Knauer M, Drexel H, Wenzl E, De Vries A, Lang A (2009) Different types of K-Ras mutations are conversely associated with overall survival in patients with colorectal cancer. Oncol Rep 21: 1283-1287
42. Wojcik P, Kulig J, Okon K, Zazula M, Mozdzioch I, Niepsuj A, Stachura J (2008) KRAS mutation profile in colorectal carcinoma and novel mutation-internal tandem duplication in KRAS. Pol J Pathol 59: 93-96
43. Yip-Schneider MT, Lin A, Marshall MS (2001) Pancreatic tumor cells with mutant K-ras suppress ERK activity by MEK-dependent induction of MAP kinase phosphatase-2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 280: 992-997
44. Yun J, Rago C, Cheong I, Pagliarini R, Angenendt P, Rajagopalan H, Schmidt K, Willson JK, Markowitz S, Zhou S, Diaz Jr LA, Velculescu VE, Lengauer C, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B, Papadopoulos N (2009) Glucose deprivation contributes to the development of KRAS pathway mutations in tumor cells. Science 325: 1555-1559