The associations between socio-economic status and major depressive disorder among blacks, latinos, asians and non-hispanic whites: Findings from the collaborative psychiatric epidemiology studies

Psychological Medicine

Volumn 40, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 51-61

  Gavin, A R ^a   Walton, E ^a   Chae, D H ^b   Alegria, M ^c   Jackson, J S ^d   Takeuchi, D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^b EMORY UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c CAMBRIDGE HEALTH ALLIANCE   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

Major depression; Racial ethnic status; Socio economic status

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ASIAN AMERICAN; CAUCASIAN; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; ETHNOLOGY; FEMALE; HEALTH SURVEY; HISPANIC; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MIGRATION; NEGRO; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; RISK FACTOR; SOCIOECONOMICS; STATISTICS; UNITED STATES;

ADULT; AFRICAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; ASIAN AMERICANS; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, MAJOR; EMIGRANTS AND IMMIGRANTS; EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; FEMALE; HEALTH SURVEYS; HISPANIC AMERICANS; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RISK FACTORS; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 76649118757     PISSN: 00332917     EISSN: 14698978     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0033291709006023     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Adler N, Boyce T, Chesney M, Cohen S, Folkman S, Kahn R, Syme L (1994). Socioeconomic status and health. American Psychologist 49, 15-24.
2. Alegria M, Bijl R, Lin E, Walters E, Kessler R (2000). Income differences in persons seeking outpatient treatment for mental disorders: a comparison of the United States with Ontario and the Netherlands. Archives of General Psychiatry 57, 383-391.
3. Alegria M, Mulvaney-Day N, Torres M, Polo A, Cao Z, Canino G (2007a). Prevalence of psychiatric disorders across Latino subgroups in the United States. American Journal of Public Health 97, 68-75. (Pubitemid 46067685)
4. Alegria M, Shrout P, Woo M, Guarnaccia P, Sribney W, Vila D, Polo A, Cao Z, Mulvaney-Day N, Torres M, Canino G (2007b). Understanding differences in past year psychiatric disorders for Latinos living in the US. Social Science and Medicine 65, 214-230.
5. Alegria M, Takeuchi D, Canino G, Duan N, Shrout P, Meng X, Vega W, Zane N, Vila D, Woo M, Vera M, Guarnaccia P, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Sue S, Escobar J, Lin K, Gong F (2004). Considering context, place and culture: the National Latino and Asian American Study. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 13, 208-220.
6. Anderson N, Armstead C (1995). Toward understanding the association of socioeconomic status and health: a new challenge for the biopsychosocial approach. Psychosomatic Medicine 57, 213-225.
7. APA (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edn. American Psychiatric Association: Washington, DC.
8. Ballenger J, Davidson J, Lecrubier Y, Nutt D, Kirmayer L, Lepine J, Lin K, Tajima S, Ono Y (2001). Consensus statement on transcultural issues in depression and anxiety from the international consensus group on depression and anxiety. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 62, 47-55. (Pubitemid 32574874)
9. Blazer D, George K, Landerman R, Pennybacker M, Melville M, Woodbury M, Manton K, Jordan K, Locke B (1985). Psychiatric disorders: a rural/urban comparison. Archives of General Psychiatry 42, 651-656.
10. Blazer D, Kessler R, McGonagle K, Swartz M (1994). The prevalence and distribution of major depression in a national community sample: the National Comorbidity Survey. American Journal of Psychiatry 151, 979-986.
11. Breslau J, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Kendler K, Su M, Williams D, Kessler R (2006). Specifying race-ethnic differences in risk for psychiatric disorder in USA national sample. Psychological Medicine 36, 57-68.
12. Breslau J, Kendler K, Su M, Gaxiola-Aguilar S, Kessler R (2005). Lifetime risk and persistence of psychiatric disorder across ethnic groups in the United States. Psychological Medicine 35, 317-327.
13. Bruce M, Takeuchi D, Leaf P (1991). Poverty and psychiatric status: longitudinal evidence from the New Haven Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study. Archives of General Psychiatry 48, 470-474.
14. Coiro MJ (2001). Depressive symptoms among women receiving welfare. Women Health 32, 1-23.
15. DeNavas-Walt C, Proctor BD, Smith J (2007). Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2006. U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, P60-233.
16. Eaton WM, Muntaner C, Bovasso G, Smith C (2001). Socioeconomic status and depressive syndrome: the role of inter-and intra-generational mobility, government assistance, and work environment. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 42, 277-294.
17. Ellison C, Boardman J, Williams D, Jackson J (2001). Religious involvement, stress and mental health: findings from the 1995 Detroit Area Study. Social Forces 80, 215-249. (Pubitemid 33401061)
18. Farmer M, Ferraro K (2005). Are racial disparities in health conditional on socioeconomic status? Social Science and Medicine 60, 191-204.
19. First M, Spitzer R, Gibbon M, Williams J (1997). Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders, Research Version, Non-Patient Edition (SCID-1/NP). Biometrics Research, New York State Psychiatric Institute: New York.
20. Heeringa S, Wagner J, Torres M, Duan N, Adams T, Berglund P (2004). Sample designs and sampling methods for the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Studies (CPES). International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 13, 221-240.
21. Herd D, Grube J (1996). Black identity and drinking in the USA: a national study. Addiction 91, 845-857.
22. Holzer C, Shea B, Swanson J, Leaf P, Myers J, George L, Weissman M, Bednarski P (1986). The increased risk for specific psychiatric disorders among persons of low socioeconomic status: evidence from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area Surveys. American Journal of Social Psychiatry 4, 259-271.
23. Jackson J, Torres M, Caldwell C, Neighbors H, Nesse R, Taylor R, Trierweiler S, Williams D (2004). The National Survey of American Life: a study of racial, ethnic and cultural influences on mental disorders and mental health. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 13, 196-207.
24. Kessler R (2003). Epidemiology of women and depression. Journal of Affective Disorders 74, 5-13.
25. Kessler R, Berglund P, Chui W, Demler O, Heeringa S, Hiripi E, Jin R, Pennell B, Walters E, Zaslavsky A, Zheng H (2004). The US National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R): design and field procedures. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 13, 69-92. (Pubitemid 39199022)
26. Kessler R, Berglund P, Demler O, Jin R, Koretz D, Merikangas K, Rush J, Walters E, Wang P (2003). The epidemiology of major depressive disorder: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). Journal of the American Medical Association 289, 3095-3105.
27. Kessler R, McGonagle K, Zhao S, Nelson C, Hughes M, Eshleman S, Wittchen H, Kendler K (1994). Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States. Archives of General Psychiatry 51, 8-19.
28. Kessler R, Merikangas K (2004). The National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 13, 60-68.
29. Kessler R, Ustun T (2004). The World Mental Health (WMH) survey initiative version of the World Health organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 13, 93-121.
30. Kessler R, Zhao S, Blazer D, Swartz M (1997). Prevalence, correlates, and course of minor depression and major depression in the National Comorbidity Survey. Journal of Affective Disorders 45, 19-30.
31. Leaf P, Weissman M, Myers J, Holzer C, Tischler G (1986). Psychosocial risks and correlates of major depression in one United States urban community. In Mental Disorders in the Community: Progress and Challenge (ed. D. Barrett and R. Rose), pp. 47-66. Guilford Press: New York.
32. Lee B, Newberg A (2005). Religion and health: a review and critical analysis. Zygon 40, 443-468.
33. Lorant V, Deliege D, Eaton W, Robert A, Philippot P, Ansseau M (2003). Socioeconomic inequalities in depression: a meta-analysis. American Journal of Epidemiology 157, 98-112
34. Lynch J, Kaplan G (2000). Socioeconomic position. In Social Epidemiology (ed. L. Berkman and I. Kawachi), pp. 13-25. Oxford University Press: Oxford.
35. Mossakowski K (2003). Coping with perceived discrimination: does ethnic identity protect mental health? Journal of Health and Social Behavior 44, 318-331.
36. Mutaner C, Borrell C, Chung H (2008). Class relations, economic inequality and mental health: why social class matters to the sociology of mental health. In Mental Health, Social Mirror (ed. W. Avison, J. McLeod and B. Pescosolido), pp. 127-141. Springer: New York.
37. Mutaner C, Eaton W, Miech R, O'Campo P (2004). Socioeconomic position and major mental disorders. Epidemiological Reviews 26, 53-62.
38. Nestadt G, Bienvenu O, Cai G, Samuels J, Eaton W (1998). Incidence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in adults. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 186, 401-406.
39. O'Campo P, Eaton WW, Muntaner C (2004). Labor market experience, work organization, gender inequalities, and health status: results from a prospective study of US employed women. Social Science and Medicine 58, 585-594.
40. Reading R, Reynolds S (2001). Debt, social disadvantage and maternal depression. Social Science and Medicine 53, 441-453.
41. Reiger D, Farmer M, Rae D, Myers J, Kramer M, Robins L, George L, Karno M, Locke B (1993). One-month prevalence of mental disorders in the United States and sociodemographic characteristics: the Epidemiologic Catchment Area study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandavica 88, 35-47.
42. Ritsher J, Warner V, Johnson J, Dohrenwend B (2001). Inter-generational longitudinal study of social class and depression: a test of social causation and social selection models. British Journal of Psychiatry 178, s84-s90.
43. Simon G, VonKorff M, Piccinelli M, Fullerton C, Ormel J (1999). An international study of the relation between somatic symptoms and depression. New England Journal of Medicine 341, 1329-1335. (Pubitemid 29503571)
44. Takeuchi D, Zane N, Hong S, Chae D, Gong F, Gee G, Walton E, Sue S, Alegria M (2007). Immigration-related factors and mental disorders among Asian Americans. American Journal of Public Health 97, 84-90.
45. Varon S, Riley A (1999). Relationship between maternal church attendance and adolescent mental health and social functioning. Psychiatric Services 50, 799-805.
46. Wallace J, Forman T (1998). Religion's role in promoting health and reducing risk among American youth. Health Education and Behavior 25, 721-741.
47. Warr P (1987). Work, Unemployment, and Mental Health. Clarendon Press: Oxford.
48. Weissman M, Bruce M, Leaf P, Florio L, Holzer C (1991). Affective disorders. In Psychiatric Disorders in America (ed. K. Robins and D. Reiger), pp. 53-80. Free Press: New York.
49. Williams D, Gonzalez H, Neighbors H, Nesse R, Abelson J, Sweetman J, Jackson J (2007b). Prevalence and distribution of major depressive disorder in African Americans, Caribbean Blacks, and non-Hispanic Whites: results from the National Survey of American Life. Archives of General Psychiatry 64, 305-315. (Pubitemid 46376782)
50. Williams D, Haile R, Gonzalez H, Neighbors H, Baser R, Jackson J (2007a). The mental health of Black Caribbean immigrants: results from the National Survey of American Life. American Journal of Public Health 97, 52-59. (Pubitemid 46067683)
51. Williams D, Neighbors W (2006). Social perspectives on mood disorders. In Textbook of Mood Disorders (ed. D. Kupfer, A. Schatzber and D. Stein), pp. 145-158. American Psychiatric Publishing Inc.: Arlington, VA.