Tube feeding, the microbiota, and Clostridium difficile infection

World Journal of Gastroenterology

Volumn 16, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 139-142

  O'Keefe, Stephen J D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

Author keywords

Clostridium difficile; Elemental diets; Enteral nutrition; Microbiota

Indexed keywords

METRONIDAZOLE; PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR; VANCOMYCIN;

CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE INFECTION; COLON FLORA; DIARRHEA; ELEMENTAL DIET; ENTERIC FEEDING; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; INFECTION CONTROL; REVIEW; TUBE FEEDING;

EID: 76649099164     PISSN: 10079327     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i2.139     Document Type: Review

References (24)

1. Bartlett JG. Clinical practice. Antibiotic-associated diarrhea. N Engl J Med 2002; 346: 334-339
2. McDonald LC, Killgore GE, Thompson A, Owens RC Jr, Kazakova SV, Sambol SP, Johnson S, Gerding DN. An epidemic, toxin gene-variant strain of Clostridium difficile. N Engl J Med 2005; 353: 2433-2441
3. Song X, Bartlett JG, Speck K, Naegeli A, Carroll K, Perl TM. Rising economic impact of clostridium difficile-associated disease in adult hospitalized patient population. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2008; 29: 823-828
4. Carignan A, Allard C, Pépin J, Cossette B, Nault V, Valiquette L. Risk of Clostridium difficile infection after perioperative antibacterial prophylaxis before and during an outbreak of infection due to a hypervirulent strain. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 46: 1838-1843
5. Loo VG, Poirier L, Miller MA, Oughton M, Libman MD, Michaud S, Bourgault AM, Nguyen T, Frenette C, Kelly M, Vibien A, Brassard P, Fenn S, Dewar K, Hudson TJ, Horn R, René P, Monczak Y, Dascal A. A predominantly clonal multiinstitutional outbreak of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea with high morbidity and mortality. N Engl J Med 2005; 353: 2442-2449
6. Bettin K, Clabots C, Mathie P, Willard K, Gerding DN. Effectiveness of liquid soap vs. chlorhexidine gluconate for the removal of Clostridium difficile from bare hands and gloved hands. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1994; 15: 697-702
7. Cunningham R, Dial S. Is over-use of proton pump inhibitors fuelling the current epidemic of Clostridium difficileassociated diarrhoea? J Hosp Infect 2008; 70: 1-6
8. Jump RL, Pultz MJ, Donskey CJ. Vegetative Clostridium difficile survives in room air on moist surfaces and in gastric contents with reduced acidity: a potential mechanism to explain the association between proton pump inhibitors and C. difficile-associated diarrhea? Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007; 51: 2883-2887
9. Lewis SJ, Franco S, Young G, O'Keefe SJ. Altered bowel function and duodenal bacterial overgrowth in patients treated with omeprazole. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1996; 10: 557-561
10. O'Keefe SJ. Total enteral nutrition or total parenteral nutrition for prophylaxis of infection in patients with severe acute pancreatitis? Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007; 4: 488-489
11. Bliss DZ, Johnson S, Savik K, Clabots CR, Willard K, Gerding DN. Acquisition of Clostridium difficile and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in hospitalized patients receiving tube feeding. Ann Intern Med 1998; 129: 1012-1019
12. Yokohama S, Aoshima M, Asama T, Shindo J, Maruyama J. Clostridium difficile-associated enteric disease after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. J Gastroenterol 2009; 44: 121-125
13. O'Keefe SJ. A guide to enteral access procedures and enteral nutrition. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009; 6: 207-215
14. O'Keefe SJ, Lee RB, Anderson FP, Gennings C, Abou-Assi S, Clore J, Heuman D, Chey W. Physiological effects of enteral and parenteral feeding on pancreaticobiliary secretion in humans. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2003; 284: G27-G36
15. Kaushik N, Pietraszewski M, Holst JJ, O'Keefe SJ. Enteral feeding without pancreatic stimulation. Pancreas 2005; 31: 353-359
16. Iizuka M, Itou H, Konno S, Chihara J, Tobita M, Oyamada H, Toyoshima I, Sasaki K, Sato A, Horie Y, Watanabe S. Elemental diet modulates the growth of Clostridium difficile in the gut flora. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004; 20 Suppl 1: 151-157
17. O'Keefe SJ. Nutrition and colonic health: the critical role of the microbiota. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2008; 24: 51-58
18. May T, Mackie RI, Fahey GC Jr, Cremin JC, Garleb KA. Effect of fiber source on short-chain fatty acid production and on the growth and toxin production by Clostridium difficile. Scand J Gastroenterol 1994; 29: 916-922
19. Gould CV, McDonald LC. Bench-to-bedside review: Clostridium difficile colitis. Crit Care 2008; 12: 203
20. Rodemann JF, Dubberke ER, Reske KA, Seo da H, Stone CD. Incidence of Clostridium difficile infection in inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007; 5: 339-344
21. Lewis S, Burmeister S, Brazier J. Effect of the prebiotic oligofructose on relapse of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: a randomized, controlled study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2005; 3: 442-448
22. Jafri NS, Mahid SS, Idstein SR, Hornung CA, Galandiuk S. Antibiotic prophylaxis is not protective in severe acute pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Surg 2009; 197: 806-813
23. Choudhry MN, Soran H, Ziglam HM. Overuse and inappropriate prescribing of proton pump inhibitors in patients with Clostridium difficile-associated disease. QJM 2008; 101: 445-448
24. Reimer C, Søndergaard B, Hilsted L, Bytzer P. Proton-pump inhibitor therapy induces acid-related symptoms in healthy volunteers after withdrawal of therapy. Gastroenterology 2009; 137: 80-87, 87.e1