Pathogenesis of liver fibrosis: Modulation of stellate cells by chemokines;Pathogenese der leberfibrose: Regulation von hepatischen sternzellen durch chemokine

Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie

Volumn 48, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 38-45

  Wasmuth, H E ^a   Weiskirchen, R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL RWTH AACHEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Hepatitis C; Liver; Viral hepatitis

Indexed keywords

CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CXCR3; G PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTOR;

FIBROGENESIS; HEPATITIS C; LIVER FIBROSIS; REVIEW; STELLATE CELL;

ANIMALS; CELL MOVEMENT; CELL PROLIFERATION; CHEMOKINES; HEPATIC STELLATE CELLS; HEPATITIS C, CHRONIC; HUMANS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MICE; RECEPTORS, CHEMOKINE; RECEPTORS, CXCR3; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

EID: 76549133854     PISSN: 00442771     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1109933     Document Type: Review

References (69)

1. Luster AD. Chemokines - chemotactic cytokines that mediate inflammation. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 436-445
2. Rot A, von Andrian UH. Chemokines in innate and adaptive host defense: basic chemokinese grammar for immune cells. Annu Rev Immunol 2004; 22: 891-928
3. Charo IF, Ransohoff RM. The many roles of chemokines and chemokine receptors in inflammation. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 610-621
4. Mantovani A, Bonecchi R, Locati M. Tuning inflammation and immunity by chemokine sequestration: decoys and more. Nat Rev Immunol 2006; 6: 907-918
5. Berres ML, Trautwein C, Zaldivar MM et al. The chemokine scavenging receptor D 6 limits acute toxic liver injury in vivo. Biol Chem 2009; 390: 1039-1045
6. Mantovani A, Locati M, Vecchi A et al. Decoy receptors: a strategy to regulate inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Trends Immunol 2001; 22: 328-336
7. Bonecchi R, Galliera E, Borroni EM et al. Chemokines and chemokine receptors: an overview. Front Biosci 2009; 14: 540-551
8. Sayana S, Khanlou H. Maraviroc: a new CCR5 antagonist. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2009; 7: 9-19
9. Kuboki S, Shin T, Huber N et al. Hepatocyte signaling through CXC chemokine receptor-2 is detrimental to liver recovery after ischemia/ reperfusion in mice. Hepatology 2008; 48: 1213-1223
10. Krohn N, Kapoor S, Enami Y et al. Hepatocyte transplantation- induced liver inflammation is driven by cytokines-chemokines associated with neutrophils and Kupffer cells. Gastroenterology 2009; 136: 1806-1817
11. Barbi J, Oghumu S, Rosas LE et al. Lack of CXCR3 delays the development of hepatic inflammation but does not impair resistance to Leishmania donovani. J Infect Dis 2007; 195: 1713-1717
12. Bataller R, North KE, Brenner DA. Genetic polymorphisms and the progression of liver fibrosis: a critical appraisal. Hepatology 2003; 37: 493-503
13. Gressner AM, Webkirchen R. Modern pathogenetic concepts of liver fibrosis suggest stellate cells and TGF-beta as major players and therapeutic targets. J Cell Mol Med 2006; 10: 76-99
14. Wasmuth HE, Tag CG, Van de Leur E et al. The Marburg I variant (G534E) of the factor VII-activating protease determines liver fibrosis in hepatitis C infection by reduced proteolysis of platelet-derived growth factor BB. Hepatology 2009; 49: 775-780
15. Seki E, De Minicis S, Gwak GY et al. CCR1 and CCR5 promote hepatic fibrosis in mice. J Clin Invest 2009; 119: 1858-1870
16. Ajuebor MN, Wondimu Z, Hogaboam CM et al. CCR5 deficiency drives enhanced natural killer cell trafficking to and activation within the liver in murine T cell-mediated hepatitis. Am J Pathol 2007; 170: 1975-1988
17. Marra F, Grandaliano G, Valente AJ et al. Thrombin stimulates proliferation of liver fat-storing cells and expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1: potential role in liver injury. Hepatology 1995; 22: 780-787
18. Marra F, DeFranco R, Grappone C et al. Increased expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 during active hepatic fibrogenesis: correlation with monocyte infiltration. Am J Pathol 1998; 152: 423-430
19. Ramm GA, Shepherd RW, Hoskins AC et al. Fibrogenesis in pediatric cholestatic liver disease: role of taurocholate and hepatocyte-derived monocyte Chemotaxis protein-1 in hepatic stellate cell recruitment. Hepatology 2009; 49: 533-544
20. Seki E, De Minicis S, Osterreicher CH et al. TLR4 enhances TGF-beta signaling and hepatic fibrosis. Nat Med 2007; 13: 1324-1332
21. Kruglov EA, Nathanson RA, Nguyen T et al. Secretion of MCP-1/CCL2 by bile duct epithelia induces myofibroblastic transdifferentiation of portal fibroblasts. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2006; 290: G765-G771
22. Marra F, Valente AJ, Pinzani M et al. Cultured human liver fat-storing cells produce monocyte chemotactic protein-1. Regulation by proinflammatory cytokines. J Clin Invest 1993; 92: 1674-1680
23. Marra F, Romanelli RG, Giannini C et al. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 as a chemoattractant for human hepatic stellate cells. Hepatology 1999; 29: 140-148
24. Seki E, de Minicis S, Inokuchi S et al. CCR2 promotes hepatic fibrosis in mice. Hepatology 2009; 50: 185-197
25. Cassiman D, Libbrecht L, Desmet V et al. Hepatic stellate cell/myofibroblast subpopulations in fibrotic human and rat livers. J Hepatol 2002; 36: 200-209
26. Karlmark KR, Weiskirchen R, Zimmermann HW et al. Hepatic recruitment of the inflammatory Gr1 + monocyte subset upon liver injury promotes hepatic fibrosis. Hepatology 2009; 50: 261-274
27. Karlmark KR, Wasmuth HE, Trautwein C et al. Chemokine-directed immune cell infiltration in acute and chronic liver disease. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008; 2: 233-242
28. Horuk R. Chemokine receptors and HIV-1: the fusion of two major research fields. Immunol Today 1999; 20: 89-94
29. Samson M, Libert F, Doranz BJ et al. Resistance to HIV-1 infection in Caucasian individuals bearing mutant alleles of the CCR-5 chemokine receptor gene. Nature 1996; 382: 722-725
30. Goulding C, McManus R, Murphy A et al. The CCR5-delta32 mutation: impact on disease outcome in individuals with hepatitis C infection from a single source. Gut 2005; 54: 1157-1161
31. Wasmuth HE, Werth A, Mueller T et al. CC chemokine receptor 5 delta32 polymorphism in two independent cohorts of hepatitis C virus infected patients without hemophilia. J Mol Med 2004; 82: 64-69
32. Hellier S, Frodsham AJ, Hennig BJ et al. Association of genetic variants of the chemokine receptor CCR5 and its ligands, RANTES and MCP-2, with outcome of HCV infection. Hepatology 2003; 38: 1468-1476
33. Woitas RP, Ahlenstiel G, Iwan A et al. Frequency of the HIV-protective CC chemokine receptor 5-Delta32/Delta32 genotype is increased in hepatitis C. Gastroenterology 2002; 122: 1721-1728
34. Promrat K, McDermott DH, Gonzalez CM et al. Associations of chemokine system polymorphisms with clinical outcomes and treatment responses of chronic hepatitis C. Gastroenterology 2003; 124: 352-360
35. Wasmuth HE, Werth A, Mueller T et al. Haplotype-tagging RANTES gene variants influence response to antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 2004; 40: 327-334
36. Schwabe RF, Bataller R, Brenner DA. Human hepatic stellate cells express CCR5 and RANTES to induce proliferation and migration. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2003; 285: G949-G958
37. Holt AP, Haughton EL, Lalor PF et al. Liver myofibroblasts regulate infiltration and positioning of lymphocytes in human liver. Gastroenterology 2009; 136: 705-714
38. Holt AP, Salmon M, Buckley CD et al. Immune interactions in hepatic fibrosis. Clin Liver Dis 2008; 12: 861-882, x
39. Bonacchi A, Petrai I, Defranco RM et al. The chemokine CCL21 modulates lymphocyte recruitment and fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C. Gastroenterology 2003; 125: 1060-1076
40. Muller G, Hopken UE, Lipp M. The impact of CCR7 and CXCR5 on lymphoid organ development and systemic immunity. Immunol Rev 2003; 195: 117-135
41. Winau F, Hegasy G, Weiskirchen R et al. Ito cells are liver-resident antigen-presenting cells for activating T cell responses. Immunity 2007; 26: 117-129
42. Bernhagen J, Krohn R, Lue H et al. MIF is a noncognate ligand of CXC chemokine receptors in inflammatory and atherogenic cell recruitment. Nat Med 2007; 13: 587-596
43. Ryseck RP, MacDonald-Bravo H, Mattei MG et al. Cloning and sequence of a secretory protein induced by growth factors in mouse fibroblasts. Exp Cell Res 1989; 180: 266-275
44. Stefanovic L, Brenner DA, Stefanovic B. Direct hepatotoxic effect of KC chemokine in the liver without infiltration of neutrophils. Exp Biol Med 2005; 230: 573-586
45. Lasagni L, Francalanci M, Annunziato F et al. An alternatively spliced variant of CXCR3 mediates the inhibition of endothelial cell growth induced by IP-10, Mig, and I-TAC, and acts as functional receptor for platelet factor 4. J Exp Med 2003; 197: 1537-1549
46. Bonecchi R, Bianchi G, Bordignon PP et al. Differential expression of chemokine receptors and chemotactic responsiveness of type IT helper cells (Th1s) and Th2s. J Exp Med 1998; 187: 129-134
47. Xu L, Hui AY, Albanis E et al. Human hepatic stellate cell lines, LX-1 and LX-2: new tools for analysis of hepatic fibrosis. Gut 2005; 54: 142-151
48. Bonacchi A, Romagnani P, Romanelli RG et al. Signal transduction by the chemokine receptor CXCR3: activation of Ras/ERK, Src, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt controls cell migration and proliferation in human vascular pericytes. J Biol Chem 2001; 276: 9945-9954
49. Wasmuth HE, Lammert F, Zaldivar MM et al. Antifibrotic effects of CXCL9 and its receptor CXCR3 in livers of mice and humans. Gastroenterology 2009; 137: 309-319, 319 e301-303
50. Wynn TA. Fibrotic disease and the T(H)1 /T(H)2 paradigm. Nat Rev Immunol 2004; 4: 583-594
51. Schrage A, Wechsung K, Neumann K et al. Enhanced T cell transmigration across the murine liver sinusoidal endothelium is mediated by transcytosis and surface presentation of chemokines. Hepatology 2008; 48: 1262-1272
52. Curbishley SM, Eksteen B, Gladue RP et al. CXCR 3 activation promotes lymphocyte transendothelial migration across human hepatic endothelium under fluid flow. Am J Pathol 2005; 167: 887-899
53. Colvin RA, Campanella GS, Sun J et al. Intracellular domains of CXCR3 that mediate CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 function. J Biol Chem 2004; 279: 30219-30227
54. von Hundelshausen P, Koenen RR, Sack M et al. Heterophilic interactions of platelet factor 4 and RANTES promote monocyte arrest on endothelium. Blood 2005; 105: 924-930
55. Koenen RR, von Hundelshausen P, Nesmelova IV et al. Disrupting functional interactions between platelet chemokines inhibits atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic mice. Nat Med 2009; 15: 97-103
56. Hong F, Tuyama A, Lee TF et al. Hepatic stellate cells express functional CXCR4: role in stromal cell-derived factor-lalpha-mediated stellate cell activation. Hepatology 2009; 49: 2055-2067
57. Wald O, Pappo O, Safadi R et al. Involvement of the CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway in the advanced liver disease that is associated with hepatitis C virus or hepatitis B virus. Eur J Immunol 2004; 34: 1164-1174
58. Wang J, Shiozawa Y, Wang Y et al. The role of CXCR7/RDC1 as a chemokine receptor for CXCL12/SDF-1 in prostate cancer. J Biol Chem 2008; 283: 4283-4294
59. Sierro F, Biben C, Martinez-Munoz L et al. Disrupted cardiac development but normal hematopoiesis in mice deficient in the second CXCL12/SDF-1 receptor, CXCR7. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104: 14759-14764
60. Graham GJ. D6 and the atypical chemokine receptor family: novel regulators of immune and inflammatory processes. Eur J Immunol 2009; 39: 342-351
61. Fraticelli P, Sironi M, Bianchi G et al. Fractalkine (CX3CL1) as an amplification circuit of polarized Th1 responses. J Clin Invest 2001; 107: 1173-1181
62. Efsen E, Grappone C, DeFranco RM et al. Up-regulated expression of fractalkine and its receptor CX3CR1 during liver injury in humans. J Hepatol 2002; 37: 39-47
63. Isse K, Harada K, Zen Y et al. Fractalkine and CX3CR1 are involved in the recruitment of intraepithelial lymphocytes of intrahepatic bile ducts. Hepatology 2005; 41: 506-516
64. Wasmuth HE, Zaldivar MM, Berres ML et al. The fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 is involved in liver fibrosis due to chronic hepatitis C infection. J Hepatol 2008; 48: 208-215
65. McDermott DH, Fong AM, Yang Q et al. Chemokine receptor mutant CX3CR1-M280 has impaired adhesive function and correlates with protection from cardiovascular disease in humans. J Clin Invest 2003; 111: 1241-1250
66. Landsman L, Bar-On L, Zernecke A et al. CX3CR1 is required for monocyte homeostasis and atherogenesis by promoting cell survival. Blood 2009; 113: 963-972
67. Bourd-Boittin K, Basset L, Bonnier D et al. Cx3 cl1/Fractalkine Shedding by Human Hepatic Stellate Cells: Contribution to Chronic Inflammation in the Liver. J Cell Mol Med 2009; 13: 1526-1535
68. Pease JE, Horuk R. Chemokine receptor antagonists: Part 1. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2009; 19: 39-58
69. Pease JE, Horuk R. Chemokine receptor antagonists: Part 2. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2009; 19: 199-221