Sibling sex ratio of individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder as children

Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology

Volumn 52, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 289-292

  Mouridsen, Svend Erik ^a   Rich, Bente ^b   Isager, Torben ^c  

^a BISPEBJERG HOSPITAL   (Denmark)

^b NAESTVED HOSPITAL   (Denmark)

^c GLOSTRUP UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Denmark)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANDROGEN;

ADOLESCENT; ANDROGEN THERAPY; ARTICLE; AUTISM; CHILD; CHILD PSYCHIATRY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; FEMALE; HUMAN; INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT; LIVE BIRTH; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEX DIFFERENCE; SEX RATIO; SIBLING;

AMNIOTIC FLUID; ASPERGER SYNDROME; AUTISTIC DISORDER; CATCHMENT AREA (HEALTH); CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CHROMOSOMES, HUMAN, X; DENMARK; FEMALE; FETAL DEVELOPMENT; HUMANS; INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES; MALE; PREGNANCY; PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS; SEX DISTRIBUTION; SIBLINGS; TESTOSTERONE;

EID: 76349112725     PISSN: 00121622     EISSN: 14698749     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2009.03368.x     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. The ICD-10 Classification of Mental And Behavioural Disorders: Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines 1992, Geneva, World Health Organization
2. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 1994, 4th edn, Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association
3. Baird G, Simonoff E, Pickles A. Prevalence of disorders of the autism spectrum in a population cohort of children in South Thames: the Special Needs and Autism Project (SNAP). Lancet 2006, 368:210-15.
4. Rutter M. Autism research: lessons from the past and prospects for the future. J Autism Dev Disord 2005, 35:241-57.
5. Fombonne E. Epidemiology of autistic disorder and other pervasive developmental disorders. J Clin Psychiatry 2005, 66(Suppl 10):3-8.
6. Rutter M, Caspi A, Moffitt TE. Using sex differences in psychopathology to study causal mechanisms: unifying issues and research strategies. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2003, 44:1092-115.
7. Baron-Cohen S. The extreme male brain theory of autism. Trends Cogn Sci 2002, 6:248-54.
8. Baron-Cohen S, Knickmeyer RC, Belmonte MK. Sex difference in the brain: implications for explaining autism. Science 2005, 310:819-23.
9. Knickmeyer RC, Baron-Cohen S, Raggat P, Taylor K. Foetal testosterone, social relationships, and restricted interests in children. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2005, 46:198-210.
10. Knickmeyer R, Baron-Cohen S, Raggat P, Taylor K, Hackett G. Fetal testosterone and empathy. Horm Behav 2006, 49:282-92.
11. Knickmeyer RC, Baron-Cohen S. Fetal testosterone and sex differences in typical social development and in autism. J Child Neurol 2006, 21:825-45.
12. James WH. Evidence that mammalian sex ratios at birth are partially controlled by parental hormone levels around the time of conception. J Endocrinol 2008, 198:3-15.
13. Apter D, Vihko R. Endocrine determinants of fertility; serum androgen concentrations during follow-up of adolescents into the third decade of life. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990, 71:970-74.
14. James WH. The sex of the sibs of probands with autism. Autism 2005, 9:551-52.
15. James WH. Further evidence that some male-based neurodevelopmental disorders are associated with high intrauterine testosterone concentrations. Dev Med Child Neurol 2008, 50:15-8.
16. Mental Disorders: Glossary and Guide to their Classification in Accordance with the Ninth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases 1978, Geneva, World Health Organization
17. Mouridsen SE, Rich B, Isager T. Parental age in infantile autism, autistic-like conditions, and borderline childhood psychosis. J Autism Dev Disord 1993, 23:387-96.
18. Møller H. Change in male:female ratio among newborn infants in Denmark. Lancet 1996, 348:828-29.
19. Obel C, Henriksen TB, Secher NJ, Eskenazi B, Hedegaard M. Psychological distress during early gestation and offspring sex ratio. Hum Reprod 2007, 22:3009-12.
20. Pickles A, Starr E, Kazak S. Variable expression of the autism broader phenotype: findings from extended pedigrees. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2000, 41:491-502.
21. Skuse DH. Imprinting, the X-chromosome, and the male brain: explaining sex differences in the liability to autism. Pediatr Res 2000, 47:9-16.
22. Skuse DH. Is autism really a coherent syndrome in boys, or girls? Br J Psychol 2009, 100:33-37.
23. Auyeung B, Baron-Cohen S, Ashwin E, Knickmeyer R, Taylor K, Hackett G. Fetal testosterone and autistic traits. Br J Psychol 2009, 100:1-22.
24. Manning JT, Baron-Cohen S, Wheelwright S, Sanders G. The 2nd to 4th digit ratio and autism. Dev Med Child Neurol 2001, 43:160-64.
25. Lutchmaya S, Baron-Cohen S, Raggatt P, Knickmeyer R, Manning JT. 2nd to 4th digit ratios, fetal testosterone and estradiol. Early Hum Dev 2004, 77:23-28.
26. Ingudomnukul E, Baron-Cohen S, Wheelwright S, Knickmeyer R. Elevated rates of testosterone-related disorders in women with autism spectrum conditions. Horm Behav 2007, 51:597-604.
27. Knickmeyer RC, Wheelwright S, Hoekstra R, Baron-Cohen S. Age at menarche in females with autism spectrum conditions. Dev Med Child Neurol 2006, 48:1007-08.