메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 170, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 75-82

Blood lead level and kidney function in US adolescents: The third national health and nutrition examination survey

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CREATININE; CYSTATIN C; LEAD;

EID: 74549128533     PISSN: 00039926     EISSN: 15383679     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/archinternmed.2009.417     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (126)

References (80)
  • 1
    • 40749115089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service;
    • Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological Profile for Lead. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service; 2007.
    • (2007) Toxicological Profile for Lead
  • 2
    • 33845346154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lead-related nephrotoxicity: A review of the epidemiologic evidence
    • Ekong EB, Jaar BG, Weaver VM. Lead-related nephrotoxicity: a review of the epidemiologic evidence. Kidney Int. 2006;70(12):2074-2084.
    • (2006) Kidney Int , vol.70 , Issue.12 , pp. 2074-2084
    • Ekong, E.B.1    Jaar, B.G.2    Weaver, V.M.3
  • 3
    • 0026537202 scopus 로고
    • Experimental model of lead nephropathy, I: Continuous high-dose lead administration
    • Khalil-Manesh F, Gonick HC, Cohen AH, et al. Experimental model of lead nephropathy, I: continuous high-dose lead administration. Kidney Int. 1992;41(5):1192-1203.
    • (1992) Kidney Int , vol.41 , Issue.5 , pp. 1192-1203
    • Khalil-Manesh, F.1    Gonick, H.C.2    Cohen, A.H.3
  • 4
    • 0026458192 scopus 로고
    • The mortality of lead smelter workers: An update
    • Steenland K, Selevan S, Landrigan P. The mortality of lead smelter workers: an update. Am J Public Health. 1992;82(12):1641-1644.
    • (1992) Am J Public Health , vol.82 , Issue.12 , pp. 1641-1644
    • Steenland, K.1    Selevan, S.2    Landrigan, P.3
  • 5
    • 0017877187 scopus 로고
    • The pathology and pathogenesis of chronic lead nephropathy occurring in Queensland
    • Inglis JA, Henderson DA, Emmerson BT. The pathology and pathogenesis of chronic lead nephropathy occurring in Queensland. J Pathol. 1978;124(2):65-76.
    • (1978) J Pathol , vol.124 , Issue.2 , pp. 65-76
    • Inglis, J.A.1    Henderson, D.A.2    Emmerson, B.T.3
  • 6
    • 0018567889 scopus 로고
    • Detection and treatment of occupational lead nephropathy
    • Wedeen RP, Malik DK, Batuman V. Detection and treatment of occupational lead nephropathy. Arch Intern Med. 1979;139(1):53-57.
    • (1979) Arch Intern Med , vol.139 , Issue.1 , pp. 53-57
    • Wedeen, R.P.1    Malik, D.K.2    Batuman, V.3
  • 7
    • 26444447469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continued decline in blood lead levels among adults in the United States: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys
    • Muntner P, Menke A, DeSalvo KB, Rabito FA, Batuman V. Continued decline in blood lead levels among adults in the United States: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165(18):2155-2161.
    • (2005) Arch Intern Med , vol.165 , Issue.18 , pp. 2155-2161
    • Muntner, P.1    Menke, A.2    DeSalvo, K.B.3    Rabito, F.A.4    Batuman, V.5
  • 8
    • 0026704297 scopus 로고
    • The Cadmibel Study Group. Impairment of renal function with increasing blood lead concentrations in the general population
    • Staessen JA, Lauwerys RR, Buchet JP, et al; The Cadmibel Study Group. Impairment of renal function with increasing blood lead concentrations in the general population. N Engl J Med. 1992;327(3):151-156.
    • (1992) N Engl J Med , vol.327 , Issue.3 , pp. 151-156
    • Staessen, J.A.1    Lauwerys, R.R.2    Buchet, J.P.3
  • 9
    • 0028003998 scopus 로고
    • Low-level lead exposure and renal function in the Normative Aging Study
    • Payton M, Hu H, Sparrow D, Weiss ST. Low-level lead exposure and renal function in the Normative Aging Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1994;140(9):821-829.
    • (1994) Am J Epidemiol , vol.140 , Issue.9 , pp. 821-829
    • Payton, M.1    Hu, H.2    Sparrow, D.3    Weiss, S.T.4
  • 10
    • 0029917115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal study of low-level lead exposure and impairment of renal function: The Normative Aging Study
    • Kim R, Rotnitsky A, Sparrow D, Weiss S, Wager C, Hu H. A longitudinal study of low-level lead exposure and impairment of renal function: the Normative Aging Study. JAMA. 1996;275(15):1177-1181.
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.275 , Issue.15 , pp. 1177-1181
    • Kim, R.1    Rotnitsky, A.2    Sparrow, D.3    Weiss, S.4    Wager, C.5    Hu, H.6
  • 11
    • 4344686011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lead, diabetes, hypertension, and renal function: The Normative Aging Study
    • Tsaih SW, Korrick S, Schwartz J, et al. Lead, diabetes, hypertension, and renal function: the Normative Aging Study. Environ Health Perspect. 2004;112(11):1178-1182.
    • (2004) Environ Health Perspect , vol.112 , Issue.11 , pp. 1178-1182
    • Tsaih, S.W.1    Korrick, S.2    Schwartz, J.3
  • 12
    • 0037336086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood lead and chronic kidney disease in the general United States population: Results from NHANES III
    • Muntner P, He J, Vupputuri S, Coresh J, Batuman V. Blood lead and chronic kidney disease in the general United States population: results from NHANES III. Kidney Int. 2003;63(3):1044-1050.
    • (2003) Kidney Int , vol.63 , Issue.3 , pp. 1044-1050
    • Muntner, P.1    He, J.2    Vupputuri, S.3    Coresh, J.4    Batuman, V.5
  • 13
    • 27744460106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tubular and glomerular kidney effects in Swedish women with low environmental cadmium exposure
    • Akesson A, Lundh T, Vahter M, et al. Tubular and glomerular kidney effects in Swedish women with low environmental cadmium exposure. Environ Health Perspect. 2005;113(11):1627-1631.
    • (2005) Environ Health Perspect , vol.113 , Issue.11 , pp. 1627-1631
    • Akesson, A.1    Lundh, T.2    Vahter, M.3
  • 14
    • 1642278891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental exposure to lead and progression of chronic renal diseases: A four-year prospective longitudinal study
    • Yu CC, Lin JL, Lin-Tan DT. Environmental exposure to lead and progression of chronic renal diseases: a four-year prospective longitudinal study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004;15(4):1016-1022.
    • (2004) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.15 , Issue.4 , pp. 1016-1022
    • Yu, C.C.1    Lin, J.L.2    Lin-Tan, D.T.3
  • 15
    • 0037461599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental lead exposure and progression of chronic renal diseases in patients without diabetes
    • Lin JL, Lin-Tan DT, Hsu KH, Yu CC. Environmental lead exposure and progression of chronic renal diseases in patients without diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(4):277-286.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , Issue.4 , pp. 277-286
    • Lin, J.L.1    Lin-Tan, D.T.2    Hsu, K.H.3    Yu, C.C.4
  • 16
    • 33746635557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-level environmental exposure to lead and progressive chronic kidney diseases
    • 707.e1-707.e9
    • Lin JL, Lin-Tan DT, Li YJ, Chen KH, Huang YL. Low-level environmental exposure to lead and progressive chronic kidney diseases. Am J Med. 2006;119(8):707.e1-707.e9.
    • (2006) Am J Med , vol.119 , Issue.8
    • Lin, J.L.1    Lin-Tan, D.T.2    Li, Y.J.3    Chen, K.H.4    Huang, Y.L.5
  • 17
    • 33645636481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal and neurologic effects of cadmium, lead, mercury, and arsenic in children: Evidence of early effects and multiple interactions at environmental exposure levels
    • de Burbure C, Buchet JP, Leroyer A, et al. Renal and neurologic effects of cadmium, lead, mercury, and arsenic in children: evidence of early effects and multiple interactions at environmental exposure levels. Environ Health Perspect. 2006;114(4):584-590.
    • (2006) Environ Health Perspect , vol.114 , Issue.4 , pp. 584-590
    • de Burbure, C.1    Buchet, J.P.2    Leroyer, A.3
  • 18
    • 0035954023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal function, cytogenetic measurements, and sexual development in adolescents in relation to environmental pollutants: A feasibility study of biomarkers
    • Staessen JA, Nawrot T, Hond ED, et al. Renal function, cytogenetic measurements, and sexual development in adolescents in relation to environmental pollutants: a feasibility study of biomarkers. Lancet. 2001;357(9269):1660-1669.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.357 , Issue.9269 , pp. 1660-1669
    • Staessen, J.A.1    Nawrot, T.2    Hond, E.D.3
  • 19
    • 0141941549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Surveillance for elevated blood lead levels among children - United States, 1997-2001
    • Meyer PA, Pivetz T, Dignam TA, Homa DM, Schoonover J, Brody D; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Surveillance for elevated blood lead levels among children - United States, 1997-2001. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2003;52(10):1-21.
    • (2003) MMWR Surveill Summ , vol.52 , Issue.10 , pp. 1-21
    • Meyer, P.A.1    Pivetz, T.2    Dignam, T.A.3    Homa, D.M.4    Schoonover, J.5    Brody, D.6
  • 24
    • 22144464444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-level environmental lead exposure and children's intellectual function: An international pooled analysis
    • Lanphear BP, Hornung R, Khoury J, et al. Low-level environmental lead exposure and children's intellectual function: an international pooled analysis. Environ Health Perspect. 2005;113(7):894-899.
    • (2005) Environ Health Perspect , vol.113 , Issue.7 , pp. 894-899
    • Lanphear, B.P.1    Hornung, R.2    Khoury, J.3
  • 25
    • 58149333512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age, gender, and race effects on cystatin C levels in US adolescents
    • Groesbeck D, Kottgen A, Parekh R, et al. Age, gender, and race effects on cystatin C levels in US adolescents. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3(6):1777-1785.
    • (2008) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.3 , Issue.6 , pp. 1777-1785
    • Groesbeck, D.1    Kottgen, A.2    Parekh, R.3
  • 26
    • 63649084825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring glomerular filtration rate in children: Can cystatin C replace established methods? a review
    • Andersen TB, Eskild-Jensen A, Frokiaer J, Brochner-Mortensen J. Measuring glomerular filtration rate in children: can cystatin C replace established methods? a review. Pediatr Nephrol. 2009;24(5):929-941.
    • (2009) Pediatr Nephrol , vol.24 , Issue.5 , pp. 929-941
    • Andersen, T.B.1    Eskild-Jensen, A.2    Frokiaer, J.3    Brochner-Mortensen, J.4
  • 27
    • 0141886061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should the Schwartz formula for estimation of GFR be replaced by cystatin C formula?
    • Filler G, Lepage N. Should the Schwartz formula for estimation of GFR be replaced by cystatin C formula? Pediatr Nephrol. 2003;18(10):981-985.
    • (2003) Pediatr Nephrol , vol.18 , Issue.10 , pp. 981-985
    • Filler, G.1    Lepage, N.2
  • 29
    • 33744958852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing kidney function: Measured and estimated glomerular filtration rate
    • Stevens LA, Coresh J, Greene T, Levey AS. Assessing kidney function: measured and estimated glomerular filtration rate. N Engl J Med. 2006;354(23):2473-2483.
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.354 , Issue.23 , pp. 2473-2483
    • Stevens, L.A.1    Coresh, J.2    Greene, T.3    Levey, A.S.4
  • 30
    • 0026442320 scopus 로고
    • Serum creatinine as an index of renal function: New insights into old concepts
    • Perrone RD, Madias NE, Levey AS. Serum creatinine as an index of renal function: new insights into old concepts. Clin Chem. 1992;38(10):1933- 1953.
    • (1992) Clin Chem , vol.38 , Issue.10 , pp. 1933-1953
    • Perrone, R.D.1    Madias, N.E.2    Levey, A.S.3
  • 31
    • 33750219270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum cystatin C as a marker of glomerular filtration rate
    • Madero M, Sarnak MJ, Stevens LA. Serum cystatin C as a marker of glomerular filtration rate. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2006;15(6):610-616.
    • (2006) Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens , vol.15 , Issue.6 , pp. 610-616
    • Madero, M.1    Sarnak, M.J.2    Stevens, L.A.3
  • 32
    • 0036329067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum cystatin C is superior to serum creatinine as a marker of kidney function: A meta-analysis
    • Dharnidharka VR, Kwon C, Stevens G. Serum cystatin C is superior to serum creatinine as a marker of kidney function: a meta-analysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;40(2):221-226.
    • (2002) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.40 , Issue.2 , pp. 221-226
    • Dharnidharka, V.R.1    Kwon, C.2    Stevens, G.3
  • 33
    • 33847196730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic accuracy of cystatin C compared to serum creatinine for the estimation of renal dysfunction in adults and children: A meta-analysis
    • Roos JF, Doust J, Tett SE, Kirkpatrick CM. Diagnostic accuracy of cystatin C compared to serum creatinine for the estimation of renal dysfunction in adults and children: a meta-analysis. Clin Biochem. 2007;40(5-6):383-391.
    • (2007) Clin Biochem , vol.40 , Issue.5-6 , pp. 383-391
    • Roos, J.F.1    Doust, J.2    Tett, S.E.3    Kirkpatrick, C.M.4
  • 34
    • 0032784475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cystatin C as a marker for glomerular filtration rate in pediatric patients
    • Ylinen EA, Ala-Houhala M, Harmoinen AP, Knip M. Cystatin C as a marker for glomerular filtration rate in pediatric patients. Pediatr Nephrol. 1999;13(6):506-509.
    • (1999) Pediatr Nephrol , vol.13 , Issue.6 , pp. 506-509
    • Ylinen, E.A.1    Ala-Houhala, M.2    Harmoinen, A.P.3    Knip, M.4
  • 35
    • 39449136475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum cystatin C in the United States: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III)
    • Köttgen A, Selvin E, Stevens LA, Levey AS, Van Lente F, Coresh J. Serum cystatin C in the United States: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). Am J Kidney Dis. 2008;51(3):385-394.
    • (2008) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.51 , Issue.3 , pp. 385-394
    • Köttgen, A.1    Selvin, E.2    Stevens, L.A.3    Levey, A.S.4    Van Lente, F.5    Coresh, J.6
  • 36
    • 0023549941 scopus 로고
    • Determination of lead in blood using electrothermal atomisation atomic absorption spectrometry with a L'vov platform and matrix modifier
    • Miller DT, Paschal DC, Gunter EW, Stroud PE, D'Angelo J. Determination of lead in blood using electrothermal atomisation atomic absorption spectrometry with a L'vov platform and matrix modifier. Analyst. 1987;112(12):1701- 1704.
    • (1987) Analyst , vol.112 , Issue.12 , pp. 1701-1704
    • Miller, D.T.1    Paschal, D.C.2    Gunter, E.W.3    Stroud, P.E.4    D'Angelo, J.5
  • 37
    • 85008400138 scopus 로고
    • National Center for Health Statistics
    • NHANES III second laboratory data file, Accessed June 8, 2009
    • US Department of Health and Human Services. National Center for Health Statistics. Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994, NHANES III second laboratory data file. ftp://ftp.cdc.gov/pub/Health-Statistics/ NCHS/Datasets/NHANES/NHANESIII/2A/lab2-acc.pdf. Accessed June 8, 2009.
    • (1988) Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
  • 38
    • 0025261744 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of average concentration in the presence of nondetectable values
    • Hornung RW, Reed LD. Estimation of average concentration in the presence of nondetectable values. Appl Occup Environ Hyg. 1990;(5):546-551.
    • (1990) Appl Occup Environ Hyg , vol.5 , pp. 546-551
    • Hornung, R.W.1    Reed, L.D.2
  • 40
    • 0030958882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initial evaluation of cystatin C measurement by particle-enhanced immunonephelometry on the Behring nephelometer systems (BNA, BN II)
    • Finney H, Newman DJ, Gruber W, Merle P, Price CP. Initial evaluation of cystatin C measurement by particle-enhanced immunonephelometry on the Behring nephelometer systems (BNA, BN II). Clin Chem. 1997;43(6, pt 1):1016-1022.
    • (1997) Clin Chem , vol.43 , Issue.6 and PART 1 , pp. 1016-1022
    • Finney, H.1    Newman, D.J.2    Gruber, W.3    Merle, P.4    Price, C.P.5
  • 41
    • 0017113524 scopus 로고
    • Plasma creatinine and urea concentration in children: Normal values for age and sex
    • Schwartz GJ, Haycock GB, Spitzer A. Plasma creatinine and urea concentration in children: normal values for age and sex. J Pediatr. 1976;88(5):828-830.
    • (1976) J Pediatr , vol.88 , Issue.5 , pp. 828-830
    • Schwartz, G.J.1    Haycock, G.B.2    Spitzer, A.3
  • 42
    • 0023179130 scopus 로고
    • The use of plasma creatinine concentration for estimating glomerular filtration rate in infants, children, and adolescents
    • Schwartz GJ, Brion LP, Spitzer A. The use of plasma creatinine concentration for estimating glomerular filtration rate in infants, children, and adolescents. Pediatr Clin North Am. 1987;34(3):571-590.
    • (1987) Pediatr Clin North Am , vol.34 , Issue.3 , pp. 571-590
    • Schwartz, G.J.1    Brion, L.P.2    Spitzer, A.3
  • 43
    • 33750430631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design and methods of Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) prospective cohort study
    • Furth SL, Cole SR, Moxey-Mims M, et al. Design and methods of Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) prospective cohort study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;1(5):1006-1015.
    • (2006) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.1 , Issue.5 , pp. 1006-1015
    • Furth, S.L.1    Cole, S.R.2    Moxey-Mims, M.3
  • 44
    • 62149125881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New equations to estimate GFR in children with CKD
    • Schwartz GJ, Munoz A, Schneider MF, et al. New equations to estimate GFR in children with CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;20(3):629-637.
    • (2009) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 629-637
    • Schwartz, G.J.1    Munoz, A.2    Schneider, M.F.3
  • 45
    • 74549182922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic Research Service
    • Accessed February 3, 2009
    • United States Department of Agriculture. Economic Research Service. Rural-urban continuum codes. http://www.ers.usda.gov/Data/ RuralUrbanContinuumCodes/. Accessed February 3, 2009.
    • Rural-urban continuum codes
  • 46
    • 84870401538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed February 3, 2009
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Healthy weight, assessing your weight, body mass index. http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/ index.html. Accessed February 3, 2009.
    • Healthy weight, assessing your weight, body mass index
  • 47
    • 0030499698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cotinine as a biomarker of environmental tobacco smoke exposure
    • Benowitz NL. Cotinine as a biomarker of environmental tobacco smoke exposure. Epidemiol Rev. 1996;18(2):188-204.
    • (1996) Epidemiol Rev , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 188-204
    • Benowitz, N.L.1
  • 49
    • 74549159321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lumley T. Survey: analysis of complex survey samples. R statistical software package, version 2.9.1 2009-06-26, Accessed July 14, 2009
    • Lumley T. Survey: analysis of complex survey samples. R statistical software package, version 2.9.1 (2009-06-26). http://cran.r-project.org/web/ packages/survey. Accessed July 14, 2009.
  • 50
    • 74549149175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Center for Health Statistics. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Web site. Documentation, codebook, and frequencies. Surplus sera laboratory component: cystatin C (Surplus Sera). Survey years 1988-1994. ftp://ftp.cdc.gov/pub/Health-Statistics/NCHS/Datasets/NHANES/NHANESIII/27a/ SSCYSTAT.pdf. Accessed February 3, 2009.
    • National Center for Health Statistics. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Web site. Documentation, codebook, and frequencies. Surplus sera laboratory component: cystatin C (Surplus Sera). Survey years 1988-1994. ftp://ftp.cdc.gov/pub/Health-Statistics/NCHS/Datasets/NHANES/NHANESIII/27a/ SSCYSTAT.pdf. Accessed February 3, 2009.
  • 52
    • 74549150286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Center for Environmental Health. Third National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2005:38-44. NCEH Pub. No. 05-0570.
    • National Center for Environmental Health. Third National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2005:38-44. NCEH Pub. No. 05-0570.
  • 53
    • 55949097189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levin R, Brown MJ, Kashtock ME, et al. Lead exposures in U.S. children, 2008: implications for prevention. Environ Health Perspect. 2008;116(10):1285-1293.
    • Levin R, Brown MJ, Kashtock ME, et al. Lead exposures in U.S. children, 2008: implications for prevention. Environ Health Perspect. 2008;116(10):1285-1293.
  • 54
    • 4344571661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of bone and blood lead levels among minorities living in the Boston area
    • Lin C, Kim R, Tsaih SW, Sparrow D, Hu H. Determinants of bone and blood lead levels among minorities living in the Boston area. Environ Health Perspect. 2004;112(11):1147-1151.
    • (2004) Environ Health Perspect , vol.112 , Issue.11 , pp. 1147-1151
    • Lin, C.1    Kim, R.2    Tsaih, S.W.3    Sparrow, D.4    Hu, H.5
  • 55
    • 0032007084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental exposures to lead and urban children's blood lead levels
    • Lanphear BP, Burgoon DA, Rust SW, Eberly S, Galke W. Environmental exposures to lead and urban children's blood lead levels. Environ Res. 1998;76(2):120-130.
    • (1998) Environ Res , vol.76 , Issue.2 , pp. 120-130
    • Lanphear, B.P.1    Burgoon, D.A.2    Rust, S.W.3    Eberly, S.4    Galke, W.5
  • 56
    • 12144269419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal effects and erythrocyte oxidative stress in long-term low-level lead-exposed adolescent workers in auto repair workshops
    • Oktem F, Arslan MK, Dundar B, Delibas N, Gultepe M, Ergurhan Ilhan I. Renal effects and erythrocyte oxidative stress in long-term low-level lead-exposed adolescent workers in auto repair workshops. Arch Toxicol. 2004;78(12):681-687.
    • (2004) Arch Toxicol , vol.78 , Issue.12 , pp. 681-687
    • Oktem, F.1    Arslan, M.K.2    Dundar, B.3    Delibas, N.4    Gultepe, M.5    Ergurhan Ilhan, I.6
  • 57
    • 0036179759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lead exposure and urinary N-acetyl β D glucosaminidase activity in adolescent workers in auto repair workshops
    • Sönmez F, Dönmez O, Sönmez HM, Keskinoǧlu A, Kabasakal C, Mir S. Lead exposure and urinary N-acetyl β D glucosaminidase activity in adolescent workers in auto repair workshops. J Adolesc Health. 2002;30(3):213-216.
    • (2002) J Adolesc Health , vol.30 , Issue.3 , pp. 213-216
    • Sönmez, F.1    Dönmez, O.2    Sönmez, H.M.3    Keskinoǧlu, A.4    Kabasakal, C.5    Mir, S.6
  • 58
    • 7344268572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse effects of chronic low level lead exposure on kidney function: A risk group study in children
    • Fels LM, Wunsch M, Baranowski J, et al. Adverse effects of chronic low level lead exposure on kidney function: a risk group study in children. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1998;13(9):2248-2256.
    • (1998) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.13 , Issue.9 , pp. 2248-2256
    • Fels, L.M.1    Wunsch, M.2    Baranowski, J.3
  • 61
    • 0042090349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations of lead biomarkers with renal function in Korean lead workers
    • Weaver VM, Lee BK, Ahn KD, et al. Associations of lead biomarkers with renal function in Korean lead workers. Occup Environ Med. 2003;60(8):551-562.
    • (2003) Occup Environ Med , vol.60 , Issue.8 , pp. 551-562
    • Weaver, V.M.1    Lee, B.K.2    Ahn, K.D.3
  • 62
    • 0142061007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations of renal function with polymorphisms in the delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, vitamin D receptor, and nitric oxide synthase genes in Korean lead workers
    • Weaver VM, Schwartz BS, Ahn KD, et al. Associations of renal function with polymorphisms in the delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, vitamin D receptor, and nitric oxide synthase genes in Korean lead workers. Environ Health Perspect. 2003; 111(13):1613-1619.
    • (2003) Environ Health Perspect , vol.111 , Issue.13 , pp. 1613-1619
    • Weaver, V.M.1    Schwartz, B.S.2    Ahn, K.D.3
  • 63
    • 0027938399 scopus 로고
    • Renal function and hyperfiltration capacity in lead smelter workers with high bone lead
    • Roels H, Lauwerys R, Konings J, et al. Renal function and hyperfiltration capacity in lead smelter workers with high bone lead. Occup Environ Med. 1994; 51(8):505-512.
    • (1994) Occup Environ Med , vol.51 , Issue.8 , pp. 505-512
    • Roels, H.1    Lauwerys, R.2    Konings, J.3
  • 64
    • 0035851285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal study of the effects of longterm exposure to lead among lead battery factory workers in Taiwan (1989-1999)
    • Hsiao CY, Wu HD, Lai JS, Kuo HW. A longitudinal study of the effects of longterm exposure to lead among lead battery factory workers in Taiwan (1989-1999). Sci Total Environ. 2001;279(1-3):151-158.
    • (2001) Sci Total Environ , vol.279 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 151-158
    • Hsiao, C.Y.1    Wu, H.D.2    Lai, J.S.3    Kuo, H.W.4
  • 65
    • 0025794302 scopus 로고
    • A 50-year follow-up of childhood plumbism: Hypertension, renal function, and hemoglobin levels among survivors
    • Hu H. A 50-year follow-up of childhood plumbism: hypertension, renal function, and hemoglobin levels among survivors. Am J Dis Child. 1991;145(6):681-687.
    • (1991) Am J Dis Child , vol.145 , Issue.6 , pp. 681-687
    • Hu, H.1
  • 66
    • 0036176161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: Evaluation, classification, and stratification
    • National Kidney Foundation
    • National Kidney Foundation. K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;39(2)(suppl 1):S1-S266.
    • (2002) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.39 , Issue.2 SUPPL. 1
  • 67
    • 0021153681 scopus 로고
    • A simple estimate of glomerular filtration rate in full-term infants during the first year of life
    • Schwartz GJ, Feld LG, Langford DJ. A simple estimate of glomerular filtration rate in full-term infants during the first year of life. J Pediatr. 1984;104(6):849-854.
    • (1984) J Pediatr , vol.104 , Issue.6 , pp. 849-854
    • Schwartz, G.J.1    Feld, L.G.2    Langford, D.J.3
  • 69
    • 39749163349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers of nephrotoxic acute kidney injury
    • Ferguson MA, Vaidya VS, Bonventre JV. Biomarkers of nephrotoxic acute kidney injury. Toxicology. 2008;245(3):182-193.
    • (2008) Toxicology , vol.245 , Issue.3 , pp. 182-193
    • Ferguson, M.A.1    Vaidya, V.S.2    Bonventre, J.V.3
  • 70
  • 71
    • 32644464443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unraveling the racial disparities associated with kidney disease
    • Norris KC, Agodoa LY. Unraveling the racial disparities associated with kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2005;68(3):914-924.
    • (2005) Kidney Int , vol.68 , Issue.3 , pp. 914-924
    • Norris, K.C.1    Agodoa, L.Y.2
  • 72
    • 0020030706 scopus 로고
    • Racial differences in the incidence of treatment for end-stage renal disease
    • Rostand SG, Kirk KA, Rutsky EA, Pate BA. Racial differences in the incidence of treatment for end-stage renal disease. N Engl J Med. 1982;306(21):1276-1279.
    • (1982) N Engl J Med , vol.306 , Issue.21 , pp. 1276-1279
    • Rostand, S.G.1    Kirk, K.A.2    Rutsky, E.A.3    Pate, B.A.4
  • 73
    • 0036896842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry. ESRD in Australia and New Zealand at the end of the millennium: A report from the ANZDATA registry
    • McDonald SP, Russ GR, Kerr PG, Collins JF; Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry. ESRD in Australia and New Zealand at the end of the millennium: a report from the ANZDATA registry. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;40(6):1122-1131.
    • (2002) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.40 , Issue.6 , pp. 1122-1131
    • McDonald, S.P.1    Russ, G.R.2    Kerr, P.G.3    Collins, J.F.4
  • 74
    • 56749160386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lambie M, Richards N, Smith S. Ethnicity, age and incidence rates for renal replacement therapy (RRT) in Birmingham, UK: 1990-2004. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23(12):3983-3987.
    • Lambie M, Richards N, Smith S. Ethnicity, age and incidence rates for renal replacement therapy (RRT) in Birmingham, UK: 1990-2004. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23(12):3983-3987.
  • 75
    • 38849207600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • InterASIA Collaborative Group. High prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Thailand
    • Perkovic V, Cass A, Patel AA, et al; InterASIA Collaborative Group. High prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Thailand. Kidney Int. 2008;73(4):473-479.
    • (2008) Kidney Int , vol.73 , Issue.4 , pp. 473-479
    • Perkovic, V.1    Cass, A.2    Patel, A.A.3
  • 76
    • 40849124507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the pathways between socioeconomic status and ESRD
    • Merkin SS. Exploring the pathways between socioeconomic status and ESRD. Am J Kidney Dis. 2008;51(4):539-541.
    • (2008) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.51 , Issue.4 , pp. 539-541
    • Merkin, S.S.1
  • 77
    • 40849085653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic status and the incidence of ESRD
    • Ward MM. Socioeconomic status and the incidence of ESRD. Am J Kidney Dis. 2008;51(4):563-572.
    • (2008) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.51 , Issue.4 , pp. 563-572
    • Ward, M.M.1
  • 80
    • 35848968871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the United States
    • Coresh J, Selvin E, Stevens LA, et al. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the United States. JAMA. 2007;298(17):2038-2047.
    • (2007) JAMA , vol.298 , Issue.17 , pp. 2038-2047
    • Coresh, J.1    Selvin, E.2    Stevens, L.A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.