Developments and Recent advances in catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Future Cardiology

Volumn 5, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 557-565

  Lo, Li Wei ^a,b   Chen, Shih Ann ^b  

^a TAIPEI VETERANS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Taiwan)

^b NATIONAL YANG MING UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Ablation; Atrial fibrillation; Mapping; Pulmonary veins; Substrate

Indexed keywords

CARDIOVASCULAR PROCEDURES; CATHETER ABLATION; CIRCUMFERENTIAL PULMONARY VEIN ISOLATION; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; HEART ATRIUM CONDUCTION; HEART ATRIUM FIBRILLATION; HUMAN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PATIENT SAFETY; PATIENT SELECTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PULMONARY VEIN; PULMONARY VEIN OBSTRUCTION; RECURRENCE RISK; REVIEW; SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA; SURGICAL APPROACH; TRACHEOESOPHAGEAL FISTULA; TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY;

ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; CATHETER ABLATION; HEART ATRIA; HUMANS; PULMONARY VEINS;

EID: 74049127351     PISSN: 14796678     EISSN: 17448298     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2217/fca.09.43     Document Type: Review

References (68)

1. Cox JL: The surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. IV. Surgical technique. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 101, 584-592 (1991).
2. Swartz JF, Silvers J, Pattern L, Cervantez J: A catheter-based curative approach to atrial fibrillation in humans (Abstract). Circulation 90, I335 (1994).
3. Haissaguerre M, Jais P, Shah DC et al.: Spontaneous initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originating in the pulmonary veins. N. Engl. J. M Ed. 339, 659-666 (1998). ■■ First paper demonstrating the atrial fibrillation (AF) initiating from pulmonary veins (PVs).
4. Chen SA, Hsieh MH, Tai CT et al.: Initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originating from the pulmonary veins. Circulation 100, 1879-1886 (1999). ■■ First paper demonstrating the electrophysiology of AF initiating from PVs.
5. Ho SY, Cabrera JA, Tran VH, Farre J, Anderson RH, Sanchez-Quintana D: Architecture of the pulmonary veins: relevance to radiofrequency ablation. Heart 86, 265-270 (2001).
6. Chen YJ, Chen SA, Chen YC et al.: Effects of rapid atrial pacing on the arrhythmogenic activity of single cardiomyocytes from pulmonary veins: implication in initiation of atrial fibrillation. Circulation 104, 2849-2854 (2001).
7. Chen YJ, Chen SA, Chen YC, Yeh HI, Chang MS, Lin CI: Electrophysiology of single cardiomyocytes isolated from rabbit pulmonary veins: implication in initiation of focal atrial fibrillation. Basic Res. Cardiol. 97, 26-34 (2002).
8. Tsai CF, Tai CT, Hsieh MH et al.: Initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originating from the superior vena cava: electrophysiological characteristics and results of radiofrequency ablation. Circulation 102, 67-74 (2000). ■ ■ First paper demonstrating the superior vena cava as another focus for the initiation of AF.
9. Marrouche N, Wazni OM, Martin DO et al.: Response to pharmacological challenge of dissociated pulmonary vein rhythm. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 16, 122-126 (2005).
10. Patterson E, Po SS, Scherlag BJ, Lazzara R: Triggered firing in pulmonary veins initiated by in vitro autonomic nerve stimulation. Heart Rhythm 2, 624-631 (2005).
11. Lo LW, Chen YC, Chen YJ, Wongcharoen W, Lin CI, Chen SA: Calmodulin kinase II inhibition prevents arrhythmic activity induced by α and β adrenergic agonists in rabbit pulmonary veins. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 571, 197-208 (2007).
12. Calkins H, Brugada J, Packer DL et al.; European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA); European Cardiac Arrhythmia Scoiety (ECAS); American College of Cardiology (ACC); American Heart Association (AHA); Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) : HRS/EHRA/ECAS expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: recommendations for personnel, policy, procedures and follow-up. A report of the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) Task Force on Catheter and Surgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 4, 816-861 (2007). ■■ Guideline for catheter ablation of AF.
13. Natale A, Raviele A, Arentz T et al.: Venice chart international consensus document on atrial fibrillation ablation. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 18, 560-580 (2007).
14. Oakes RS, Badger TJ, Kholmovski EG et al.: Detection and quantification of left atrial structural remodeling with delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance imaging in patients with atrial fibrillation. Circulation 119, 1758-1767 (2009).
15. McGann CJ, Kholmovski EG, Oakes RS et al.: New magnetic resonance imaging-based method for defning the extent of left atrial wall injury after the ablation of atrial fibrillation. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 52, 1263-1271 (2008).
16. Badger TJ, Oakes RS, Daccarett M et al.: Temporal left atrial lesion formation after ablation of atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 6, 161-168 (2009).
17. Yu WC, Hsu TL, Tai CT et al.: Acquired pulmonary vein stenosis after radiofrquency catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 12, 887-892 (2001).
18. Verma A, Marrouche NF, Natale A: Pulmonary vein antrum isolation: intracardiac echocardiography-guided technique. J. Cardiovasc. Electrohysiol. 15, 1335-1340 (2004). ■Summary of the use of intracardiac ultrasound in the ablation of AF.
19. Marrouche NF, Martin DO, Wazni O et al.: Phase-array intracardiac echocardiography monitoring during pulmonary vein isolation in patients with atrial fibrillation: impact on outcome and complications. Circulation 107, 2710-2716 (2003).
20. Kato R, Lickfett L, Meininger G et al.: Pulmonary vein anatomy in patients undergoing catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: lessons learned by use of magnetic resonance imaging. Circulation 107, 2004-2010 (2003).
21. Wongcharoen W, Tsao HM, Wu MH et al.: Morphological characteristics of left atrial appendage, roof, and septum: implication for the ablation of atrial fibrillation. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 17, 951-956 (2006).
22. Tsao HM, Wu MH, Yu WC et al.: Role of right middle pulmonary vein in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 12, 1353-1357 (2001).
23. Tsao HM, Wu MH, Huang BH et al.: Morphologic remodeling of pulmonary veins and left atrium after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: insight from long-term follow-up of three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 16, 7-12 (2005).
24. Rotter M, Takahashi Y, Sanders P et al.: Reduction of fluoroscopy exposure and procedure duration during ablation of atrial fibrillation using a novel anatomical navigation system. Eur. Heart J. 26, 1415-1421 (2005). ■ Demonstration of the advantage of 3D electroanatomic mapping system.
25. Sporton SC, Earley MJ, Nathan AW, Schilling RJ: Electroanatomic versus fluoroscopic mapping for catheter ablation procedure: a prospective randomized study. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 15, 310-315 (2004).
26. Dong J, Dickfeld T, Dalal D et al.: Initial experience in the use of integrated electroanatomic mapping with three-dimensional MR/CT images to guide catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 17, 459-466 (2006).
27. Brooks AG, Wilson L, Kuklik P et al.: Image integration using NavX fusion: initial experience and validation. Heart Rhythm 5, 526-535 (2008).
28. Jais P, Haissaguerre M, Shah DC et al.: A focal source of atrial fibrillation treated by discrete radiofrequency ablation. Circulation 95, 572-576 (1997).
29. Hsieh MH, Chen SA, Tai CT et al.: Double multielectrode mapping catheters facilitate radiof requency catheter ablation of focal atrial fibrillation originating from pulmonary veins. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 10, 136-144 (1999).
30. Haissaguerre M, Shah DC, Jais P et al.: Electrophysiological breakthroughs from the left atrium to the pulmonary veins. Circulation 102, 2463-2465 (2000).
31. Pappone C, Rosanio S, Oreto G et al.: Circumferential radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary vein ostia: a new anatomic approach for curing atrial fibrillation. Circulation 102, 2619-2628 (2000).
32. Pappone C, Santinelli V, Manguso F et al.: Pulmonary vein denervation enhances long-term benefit after circumferential ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Circulation 109, 327-334 (2004). ■ Demonstration of the benefit of circumferential PV isolation for ablation of AF.
33. Oral H, Scharf C, Chugh A et al.: Catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Segmental pulmonary vein ostial ablation versus left atrial ablation. Circulation 108, 2355-2360 (2003).
34. Karch MR, Zrenner B, Deisenhofer I et al.: Freedom from atrial tachyarrhythmias after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. A randomized comparison between 2 current ablation strategies. Circulation 11, 2875-2880 (2005).
35. Lo LW, Tai CT, Lin YJ et al.: Mechanisms of recurrent atrial fibrillation: comparisons between segmental ostial versus circumferential pulmonary vein isolation. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 18, 803-807 (2007).
36. Udyavar AR, Chang SL, Tai CT et al.: The important role of pulmonary vein carina ablation as an adjunct to circumferential pulmonary vein isolation. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 19, 593-598 (2008).
37. Cappato R, Calkins H, Chen SA et al.: Worldwide survey on the methods, efficacy, and safety of catheter ablation for human atrial fibrillation. Circulation 111, 1100-1105 (2005). ■ Real-world survey for catheter ablation of AF.
38. Cappato R, Calkins H, Chen SA et al.: Prevalence and causes of fatal outcome in catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 53, 1798-1803 (2009). ■ Demonstration of the fatal complication during catheter ablation of AF.
39. Chugh A, Oral H, Lemola K et al.: Prevalence, mechanisms, and clinical significance of macroreentrant atrial tachycardia during and following left atrial ablation for atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 2, 464-471 (2005).
40. Ouyang F, Antz M, Ernst S et al.: Recovered pulmonary vein conduction as a dominant factor for recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmias after complete circular isolation of the pulmonary veins: lessons from double Lasso technique. Circulation 111, 127-135 (2005).
41. Chang SL, Lin YJ, Tai CT et al.: Induced atrial tachycardia after circumferential pulmonary vein isolation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: electrophysiological characteristics and impact of catheter ablation on the follow-up results. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 20, 388-394 (2009).
42. Chang SL, Tai CT, Lin YJ et al.: The efficacy of inducibility and circumferential ablation with pulmonary vein isolation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 18, 607-611 (2007).
43. Hsieh MH, Tai CT, Lee SH et al.: The different mechanisms between late and very late recurrences of atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing a repeated catheter ablation. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 17, 231-235 (2006). ■ Demonstration of the mechanism of recurrence after catheter ablation of AF.
44. Lin WS, Tai CT, Hsieh MH et al.: Catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation initiated by non-pulmonary vein ectopy. Circulation 107, 3176-3183 (2003). ■■ First paper demonstrating the triggers of AF from non-PV foci.
45. Lee SH, Tai CT, Hsieh MH et al.: Predictors of non-pulmonary vein ectopic beats initiating paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Implicating for catheter ablation. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 46, 1054-1059 (2005).
46. Sanders P, Berenfeld O, Hocini M et al.: Spectral analysis identifies sites of high-frequency activity maintaining atrial fibrillation in humans. Circulation 112, 789-797 (2005).
47. Lin YJ, Tai CT, Kao Tsair et al.: Frequency analysis in different types of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 47, 1401-1407 (2006).
48. Pachon MJC, Pachon MEI, Pachon MJC et al.: A new treatment for atrial fibrillation based on spectral ana lysis to guide the catheter RF-ablation. Europace 6, 590-601 (2004).
49. Lin YJ, Kao T, Tai CT et al.: Spectral analysis during sinus rhythm predicts an abnormal atrial substrate in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 5, 968-974 (2008).
50. Nademanee K, McKenzie J, Kosar E et al.: A new approach for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: mapping of the electrophysiologic substrate. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 43, 2044-2053 (2004).
51. Deisenhofer I, Estner H, Reents T et al.: Does electrogram guided substrate ablation add to the success of pulmonary vein isolation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation? A prospective randomized study. J Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 20, 514-521 (2009).
52. Coumel P: Autonomic influences in atrial tachyarrhythmias. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 7, 999-1007 (1996).
53. Huang JL, Wen ZC, Lee WL, Chang MS, Chen SA: Changes of autonomic tone before the onset of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Int. J. Cardiol. 66, 275-283 (1998).
54. Tai CT, Chiou CW, Wen ZC et al.: Effect of phenylephrine on focal atrial fibrillation originating in the pulmonary veins and superior vena cava. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 36, 788-793 (2000).
55. Scherlag BJ, Yamanashi WS, Patel U, Lazzara R, Jackman WM: Autonomically induced conversion of pulmonary vein focal firing into atrial fibrillation. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 45, 1878-1886 (2005).
56. Zhou J, Scherlag BJ, Edwards J, Jackman WM, Lazzara R, Po SS: Gradients of atrial refractoriness and inducibility of atrial fibrillation due to stimulation of ganglionated plexi. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 18, 83-90 (2007).
57. Lin J, Scherlag BJ, Zhou J et al.: Autonomic mechanism to explain complex fractionated atrial electro grams (CFAE). J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 18, 1197-1205 (2007).
58. Oral H, Veerareddy S, Good E et al.: Pervalence of asymptomatic recurrences of atrial fibrillation after successful radiofrequency catheter ablation. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 15, 920-924 (2004).
59. Klemm HU, Ventura R, Rostock T et al.: Correlation of symptoms to ECG diagnosis following atrial fibrillation ablation. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. 17, 146-160 (2006).
60. Lo LW, Tai CT, Lin YJ et al.: Predicting factors for atrial fibrillation acute termination during catheter ablation procedures: implications for catheter ablation strategy and long-term outcome. Heart Rhythm 6, 311-318 (2009).
61. Marrouche NF, Brachmann J; CASTLE-AF steering committee: Catheter Ablation Versus Standard Conventional Treatment in Patients With Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Atrial Fibrillation (CASTLE-AF) study design. Pacing Clin. Electro Physiol. 32, 987-994 (2009).
62. Kriatselis C, Tang M, Nedios S, Roser M, Gerds-Li H, Fleck E: Intraprocedural reconstruction of the left atrium and pulmonary veins as a single navigation tool for ablation of atrial fibrillation: a fesability, efficacy, and safety study. Heart Rhythm 6 (6), 733-741 (2009).
63. Di Biase L, Wang Y, Horton R et al.: Ablation of atrial fibrillation utilizing robotic catheter navigation in comparison to manual navigation and ablation: single center experience. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. (2009) (In Press).
64. Di Biase L, Fahmy TS, Patel D et al.: Remote magnetic navigation: human experience in pulmonary vein isolation. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 50, 868-874 (2007).
65. Tsai WC, Lin YJ, Tsao HM et al.: The optimal automatic algorithm for the mapping of complex fractionated atrial electrograms in patients with atrial fibrillation. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8167 2009.01567.x (2009) (Epub ahead of print).
66. Chang SL, Tai CT, Lin YJ et al.: Comparison of cooled-tip versus 4-mm tip catheter in the efficacy of acute ablative tissue injury during circumferential pulmonary vein isolation. J. Cardiovasc. Electro Physiol. DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2009.01517.x (2009) (Epub ahead of print).
67. Boersma LV, Wijffels MC, Oral H, Wever EF, Morady F: Pulmonary vein isolation by duty-cycled bipolar and unipolar radiofrequency energy with a multielectrode ablation catheter. Heart Rhythm 5, 1635-1642 (2008).
68. Pratola C, Notarstefano P, Artale P et al.: Radiofrequency ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation by mesh catheter. J. Interv. Card. Electro Physiol. 25 (2), 135-140 (2009).