메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 64, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 166-179

Fitness trade-offs mediated by immunosuppression costs in a small mammal

Author keywords

Dominance; Evolutionary constraint; Parasites; Reproductive costs; Sexual selection; Survival

Indexed keywords

TESTOSTERONE;

EID: 73949127241     PISSN: 00143820     EISSN: 15585646     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00820.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (64)

References (75)
  • 1
    • 0035102004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Models of sexual selection on a quantitative genetic trait when preference is acquired by sexual imprinting
    • Aoki, K., M. W. Feldman, and B. Kerr. 2001. Models of sexual selection on a quantitative genetic trait when preference is acquired by sexual imprinting. Evolution 55 : 25 32.
    • (2001) Evolution , vol.55 , pp. 25-32
    • Aoki, K.1    Feldman, M.W.2    Kerr, B.3
  • 3
    • 0345016030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Artificial selection: A powerful tool for ecologists
    • Conner, J. K. 2003. Artificial selection: a powerful tool for ecologists. Ecology 84 : 1650 1660.
    • (2003) Ecology , vol.84 , pp. 1650-1660
    • Conner, J.K.1
  • 4
    • 0034123660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vertebrate secondary sexual characteristics - Physiological mechanisms and evolutionary patterns
    • Emerson, S. B. 2000. Vertebrate secondary sexual characteristics - physiological mechanisms and evolutionary patterns. Am. Nat. 156 : 84 91.
    • (2000) Am. Nat. , vol.156 , pp. 84-91
    • Emerson, S.B.1
  • 6
    • 0029257515 scopus 로고
    • Hormones and the physiological architecture of life-history evolution
    • Finch, C. E., and M. R. Rose. 1995. Hormones and the physiological architecture of life-history evolution. Q. Rev. Biol. 70 : 1 52.
    • (1995) Q. Rev. Biol. , vol.70 , pp. 1-52
    • Finch, C.E.1    Rose, M.R.2
  • 8
    • 0026499609 scopus 로고
    • Parasites, bright males, and the immunocompetence handicap
    • Folstad, I., and A. J. Karter. 1992. Parasites, bright males, and the immunocompetence handicap. Am. Nat. 139 : 603 622.
    • (1992) Am. Nat. , vol.139 , pp. 603-622
    • Folstad, I.1    Karter, A.J.2
  • 9
    • 13244292164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural selection and developmental constraints in the evolution of allometries
    • Frankino, W. A., B. J. Zwaan, D. L. Stern, and P. M. Brakefield. 2005. Natural selection and developmental constraints in the evolution of allometries. Science 307 : 718 720.
    • (2005) Science , vol.307 , pp. 718-720
    • Frankino, W.A.1    Zwaan, B.J.2    Stern, D.L.3    Brakefield, P.M.4
  • 10
    • 22844443823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How and when selection experiments might actually be useful
    • Fuller, R. C., C. F. Baer, and J. Travis. 2005. How and when selection experiments might actually be useful. Integr. Comp. Biol. 45 : 391 404.
    • (2005) Integr. Comp. Biol. , vol.45 , pp. 391-404
    • Fuller, R.C.1    Baer, C.F.2    Travis, J.3
  • 11
    • 0022072706 scopus 로고
    • Testing the qualitative interactions between treatment effects and patient subsets
    • Gail, M., and R. Simon. 1985. Testing the qualitative interactions between treatment effects and patient subsets. Biometrics 41 : 361 372.
    • (1985) Biometrics , vol.41 , pp. 361-372
    • Gail, M.1    Simon, R.2
  • 12
    • 0031172862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci from Apodemus flavicollis (Rodentia, Muridae) and Clethrionomys glareolus (Rodentia, Cricetidae)
    • Gockel, J., B. Harr, C. Schlotterer, W. Arnold, G. Gerlach, and D. Tautz. 1997. Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci from Apodemus flavicollis (Rodentia, Muridae) and Clethrionomys glareolus (Rodentia, Cricetidae). Mol. Ecol. 6 : 597 599.
    • (1997) Mol. Ecol. , vol.6 , pp. 597-599
    • Gockel, J.1    Harr, B.2    Schlotterer, C.3    Arnold, W.4    Gerlach, G.5    Tautz, D.6
  • 13
    • 0032728643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunocompetence and condition-dependent sexual advertisement in male house sparrows (Passer domesticus)
    • Gonzalez, G., G. Sorci, A. P. Moeller, P. Ninni, C. Haussy, and F. De Lope. 1999. Immunocompetence and condition-dependent sexual advertisement in male house sparrows (Passer domesticus). J. Anim. Ecol. 68 : 1225 1234.
    • (1999) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.68 , pp. 1225-1234
    • Gonzalez, G.1    Sorci, G.2    Moeller, A.P.3    Ninni, P.4    Haussy, C.5    De Lope, F.6
  • 14
    • 33748429168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone and innate immune function inversely covary in a wild population of breeding Dark-Eyed Juncos (Junco hyemalis)
    • Greives, T. J., J. W. McGlothlin, J. M. Jawor, G. E. Demas, and E. D. Ketterson. 2006. Testosterone and innate immune function inversely covary in a wild population of breeding Dark-Eyed Juncos (Junco hyemalis). Funct. Ecol. 20 : 812 818.
    • (2006) Funct. Ecol. , vol.20 , pp. 812-818
    • Greives, T.J.1    McGlothlin, J.W.2    Jawor, J.M.3    Demas, G.E.4    Ketterson, E.D.5
  • 15
    • 0017411030 scopus 로고
    • What is frequency-dependent selection?
    • Gromko, M. H. 1977. What is frequency-dependent selection? Evolution 31 : 438 442.
    • (1977) Evolution , vol.31 , pp. 438-442
    • Gromko, M.H.1
  • 16
    • 0018982171 scopus 로고
    • Production and persistence of antibodies in chickens to sheep erythrocytes. 2. Resistance to infectious diseases
    • Gross, W. G., P. B. Siegel, R. W. Hall, C. H. Domermuth, and R. T. Duboise. 1980. Production and persistence of antibodies in chickens to sheep erythrocytes. 2. Resistance to infectious diseases Poult. Sci. 59 : 205 210.
    • (1980) Poult. Sci. , vol.59 , pp. 205-210
    • Gross, W.G.1    Siegel, P.B.2    Hall, R.W.3    Domermuth, C.H.4    Duboise, R.T.5
  • 17
    • 0021969564 scopus 로고
    • Interactions between the gonadal steroids and the immune system
    • Grossman, C. J. 1985. Interactions between the gonadal steroids and the immune system. Science 227 : 257 260.
    • (1985) Science , vol.227 , pp. 257-260
    • Grossman, C.J.1
  • 19
    • 33845440836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eimeria-parasites are associated with life history traits in island and mainland populations of the bank vole
    • Hakkarainen, H., E. Koskela, T. Mappes, T. Soveri, E. Huhta, and P. Suorsa. 2007. Eimeria-parasites are associated with life history traits in island and mainland populations of the bank vole. Parasitology 134 : 23 31.
    • (2007) Parasitology , vol.134 , pp. 23-31
    • Hakkarainen, H.1    Koskela, E.2    Mappes, T.3    Soveri, T.4    Huhta, E.5    Suorsa, P.6
  • 20
    • 0034496763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Runaway sexual selection when female preferences are directly selected
    • Hall, D. W., M. Kirkpatrick, and B. West. 2000. Runaway sexual selection when female preferences are directly selected. Evolution 54 : 1862 1869.
    • (2000) Evolution , vol.54 , pp. 1862-1869
    • Hall, D.W.1    Kirkpatrick, M.2    West, B.3
  • 21
    • 0020336255 scopus 로고
    • Heritable true fitness and bright birds: A role for parasites?
    • Hamilton, W. D., and M. Zuk. 1982. Heritable true fitness and bright birds: a role for parasites? Science 218 : 384 387.
    • (1982) Science , vol.218 , pp. 384-387
    • Hamilton, W.D.1    Zuk, M.2
  • 22
    • 33847393175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of male traits by testosterone: Implications for the evolution of vertebrate life histories
    • Hau, M. 2007. Regulation of male traits by testosterone: implications for the evolution of vertebrate life histories. Bioessays 29 : 133 144.
    • (2007) Bioessays , vol.29 , pp. 133-144
    • Hau, M.1
  • 23
    • 0034494715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability of helminth assemblages and populations in the bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus
    • Haukisalmi, V., and H. Henttonen. 2000. Variability of helminth assemblages and populations in the bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus. Pol. J. Ecol. 48 : 219 231. (Pubitemid 32103018)
    • (2000) Polish Journal of Ecology , vol.48 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 219-231
    • Haukisalmi, V.1    Henttonen, H.2
  • 24
    • 0020301513 scopus 로고
    • Responses of female bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) to dominant vs subordinant conspecific males and to urine odours from dominant vs subordinant males
    • Hoffmeyer, I. 1982. Responses of female bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) to dominant vs subordinant conspecific males and to urine odours from dominant vs subordinant males. Behav. Neur. Biol. 36 : 178 188.
    • (1982) Behav. Neur. Biol. , vol.36 , pp. 178-188
    • Hoffmeyer, I.1
  • 25
    • 0029660514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Female bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) prefer dominant males; But what if there is no choice?
    • Horne, T. J., and H. Ylönen. 1996. Female bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) prefer dominant males; but what if there is no choice? Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 38 : 401 405.
    • (1996) Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. , vol.38 , pp. 401-405
    • Horne, T.J.1    Ylönen, H.2
  • 26
    • 2642607876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heritabilities of dominance-related traits in male bank voles Clethrionomys glareolus
    • Horne, T. J., and H. Ylönen. 1998. Heritabilities of dominance-related traits in male bank voles Clethrionomys glareolus. Evolution 41 : 894 899.
    • (1998) Evolution , vol.41 , pp. 894-899
    • Horne, T.J.1    Ylönen, H.2
  • 27
    • 0026540999 scopus 로고
    • Comparing evolvability and variability of quantitative traits
    • Houle, D. 1992. Comparing evolvability and variability of quantitative traits. Genetics 130 : 195 204.
    • (1992) Genetics , vol.130 , pp. 195-204
    • Houle, D.1
  • 28
    • 0033924780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic variance of sexually selected traits in waxmoths: Maintenance by genotype × environment interaction
    • Jia, F.-Y., M. D. Greenfield, and R. D. Collins. 2000. Genetic variance of sexually selected traits in waxmoths: maintenance by genotype × environment interaction. Evolution 54 : 953 967.
    • (2000) Evolution , vol.54 , pp. 953-967
    • Jia, F.-Y.1    Greenfield, M.D.2    Collins, R.D.3
  • 31
    • 0002623970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The finding of Babesia microti in bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus in the district of Mazury Lakes (Poland)
    • Karbowiak, G., and E. Sinski. 1996. The finding of Babesia microti in bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus in the district of Mazury Lakes (Poland). Acta Paras. 41 : 50 51.
    • (1996) Acta Paras. , vol.41 , pp. 50-51
    • Karbowiak, G.1    Sinski, E.2
  • 32
    • 0027074016 scopus 로고
    • Hormones and life histories: An integrative approach
    • Ketterson, E. D., and V. Nolan, Jr. 1992. Hormones and life histories: an integrative approach. Am. Nat. 140 : 533 562.
    • (1992) Am. Nat. , vol.140 , pp. 533-562
    • Ketterson, E.D.1    Nolan Jr., V.2
  • 33
    • 0032837641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptation, exaptation, and constraint: A hormonal perspective
    • Ketterson, E. D., and V. Nolan, Jr. 1999. Adaptation, exaptation, and constraint: a hormonal perspective. Am. Nat. 154 : S4 S25.
    • (1999) Am. Nat. , vol.154
    • Ketterson, E.D.1    Nolan Jr., V.2
  • 35
    • 0030609629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Male rank and female choice in the bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus
    • Kruczek, M. 1997. Male rank and female choice in the bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus. Behav. Proc. 40 : 171 176.
    • (1997) Behav. Proc. , vol.40 , pp. 171-176
    • Kruczek, M.1
  • 36
    • 0000286257 scopus 로고
    • Unrepeatable repeatabilities: A common mistake
    • Lessells, C. M., and P. T. Boag. 1987. Unrepeatable repeatabilities: a common mistake. Auk 104 : 116 121.
    • (1987) Auk , vol.104 , pp. 116-121
    • Lessells, C.M.1    Boag, P.T.2
  • 37
    • 0000727841 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between protein nutritional status and immunocompetence in Northern Bobwhite chicks
    • Lochmiller, R. L., M. R. Vestey, and J. C. Boren. 1993. Relationship between protein nutritional status and immunocompetence in Northern Bobwhite chicks. Auk 110 : 503 510.
    • (1993) Auk , vol.110 , pp. 503-510
    • Lochmiller, R.L.1    Vestey, M.R.2    Boren, J.C.3
  • 39
    • 45949106979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency and density-dependent selection on life-history strategies - A field experiment
    • Mappes, T., M. Koivula, E. Koskela, T. A. Oksanen, T. Savolainen, and B. Sinervo. 2008. Frequency and density-dependent selection on life-history strategies - a field experiment. PLoS one 3 : e1687.
    • (2008) PLoS One , vol.3 , pp. 1687
    • Mappes, T.1    Koivula, M.2    Koskela, E.3    Oksanen, T.A.4    Savolainen, T.5    Sinervo, B.6
  • 41
    • 36749069511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural variation in testosterone-mediated trade-off between mating effort and parental effort
    • McGlothlin, J. W., J. M. Jawor, and E. D. Ketterson. 2007. Natural variation in testosterone-mediated trade-off between mating effort and parental effort. Am. Nat. 170 : 864 875.
    • (2007) Am. Nat. , vol.170 , pp. 864-875
    • McGlothlin, J.W.1    Jawor, J.M.2    Ketterson, E.D.3
  • 42
    • 0034705865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of selamectin against experimentally induced and naturally acquired infections of Toxocara cati and Ancylostoma tubaeforme in cats
    • McTier, T. L., D. J. Shanks, J. A. Wren, R. H. Six, D. D. Bowman, J. W. McCall, G. Pengo, C. Genchi, C. D. Smothers, T. G. Rowan, et al. 2000. Efficacy of selamectin against experimentally induced and naturally acquired infections of Toxocara cati and Ancylostoma tubaeforme in cats. Vet. Parasitol. 91 : 311 319.
    • (2000) Vet. Parasitol. , vol.91 , pp. 311-319
    • McTier, T.L.1    Shanks, D.J.2    Wren, J.A.3    Six, R.H.4    Bowman, D.D.5    McCall, J.W.6    Pengo, G.7    Genchi, C.8    Smothers, C.D.9    Rowan, T.G.10
  • 43
    • 34347339428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signal reliability compromised by genotype by environment interaction and potential mechanisms for its preservation
    • Mills, S. C., R. V. Alatalo, E. Koskela, J. Mappes, T. Mappes, and T. A. Oksanen. 2007a. Signal reliability compromised by genotype by environment interaction and potential mechanisms for its preservation. Evolution 61-7 : 1748 1757.
    • (2007) Evolution , vol.617 , pp. 1748-1757
    • Mills, S.C.1    Alatalo, R.V.2    Koskela, E.3    Mappes, J.4    Mappes, T.5    Oksanen, T.A.6
  • 44
    • 39049188181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative measure of sexual selection with respect to the operational sex ratio: A comparison of selection indices
    • Mills, S. C., A. Grapputo, E. Koskela, and T. Mappes. 2007b. Quantitative measure of sexual selection with respect to the operational sex ratio: a comparison of selection indices. Proc. R. Soc. Lond., B, Biol. Sci. 274 : 143 150.
    • (2007) Proc. R. Soc. Lond., B, Biol. Sci. , vol.274 , pp. 143-150
    • Mills, S.C.1    Grapputo, A.2    Koskela, E.3    Mappes, T.4
  • 45
    • 40549094317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gonadotropin hormone modulation of testosterone, immune function, performance and behavioral tradeoffs among male morphs of the lizard, Uta stansburiana
    • Mills, S. C., L. C. Hazard, L. Lancaster, T. Mappes, D. B. Miles, T. A. Oksanen, and B. Sinervo. 2008. Gonadotropin hormone modulation of testosterone, immune function, performance and behavioral tradeoffs among male morphs of the lizard, Uta stansburiana. Am. Nat. 171 : 339 357.
    • (2008) Am. Nat. , vol.171 , pp. 339-357
    • Mills, S.C.1    Hazard, L.C.2    Lancaster, L.3    Mappes, T.4    Miles, D.B.5    Oksanen, T.A.6    Sinervo, B.7
  • 47
    • 0032558104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive effort reduces specific immune response and parasite resistance
    • Nordling, D., M. Andersson, S. Zohari, and L. Gustafsson. 1998. Reproductive effort reduces specific immune response and parasite resistance. Proc. R. Soc. Lond., B. 265 : 1291 1298.
    • (1998) Proc. R. Soc. Lond., B. , vol.265 , pp. 1291-1298
    • Nordling, D.1    Andersson, M.2    Zohari, S.3    Gustafsson, L.4
  • 48
    • 0034057003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological immunology: Life history trade-offs and immune defense in birds
    • Norris, K., and M. R. Evans. 2000. Ecological immunology: life history trade-offs and immune defense in birds. Behav. Ecol. 11 : 19 26.
    • (2000) Behav. Ecol. , vol.11 , pp. 19-26
    • Norris, K.1    Evans, M.R.2
  • 50
    • 0036344485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormonal manipulation of offspring number: Maternal effort and reproductive costs
    • Oksanen, T. A., E. Koskela, and T. Mappes. 2002. Hormonal manipulation of offspring number: maternal effort and reproductive costs. Evolution 56 : 1530 1537.
    • (2002) Evolution , vol.56 , pp. 1530-1537
    • Oksanen, T.A.1    Koskela, E.2    Mappes, T.3
  • 51
    • 0037356524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manipulation of offspring number and size: Benefits of large body size at birth depend upon the rearing environment
    • Oksanen, T. A., I. Jokinen, E. Koskela, T. Mappes, and H. Vilpas. 2003. Manipulation of offspring number and size: benefits of large body size at birth depend upon the rearing environment. J. Anim. Ecol. 72 : 321 330.
    • (2003) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.72 , pp. 321-330
    • Oksanen, T.A.1    Jokinen, I.2    Koskela, E.3    Mappes, T.4    Vilpas, H.5
  • 52
    • 0041704534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mixed models: Getting the best use of parasitological data
    • Paterson, S., and J. Lello. 2003. Mixed models: getting the best use of parasitological data. Trends Parasitol. 19 : 370 375.
    • (2003) Trends Parasitol. , vol.19 , pp. 370-375
    • Paterson, S.1    Lello, J.2
  • 55
    • 0036774556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The physiology/life-history nexus
    • Ricklefs, R. E., and M. Wikelski. 2002. The physiology/life-history nexus. Trends Ecol. Evol. 17 : 462 468.
    • (2002) Trends Ecol. Evol. , vol.17 , pp. 462-468
    • Ricklefs, R.E.1    Wikelski, M.2
  • 56
    • 50849117784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A large panel of novel microsatellite markers for the bank vole (Myodes glareolus)
    • Rikalainen, K., A. Grapputo, E. Knott, E. Koskela, and T. Mappes. 2008. A large panel of novel microsatellite markers for the bank vole (Myodes glareolus). Mol. Ecol. Resour. 8 : 1164 1168.
    • (2008) Mol. Ecol. Resour. , vol.8 , pp. 1164-1168
    • Rikalainen, K.1    Grapputo, A.2    Knott, E.3    Koskela, E.4    Mappes, T.5
  • 57
    • 33847008973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of trade-offs: Where are we?
    • Roff, D. A., and D. J. Fairbairn. 2007. The evolution of trade-offs: where are we? J. Evol. Biol. 20 : 433 447.
    • (2007) J. Evol. Biol. , vol.20 , pp. 433-447
    • Roff, D.A.1    Fairbairn, D.J.2
  • 59
    • 0030456227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological immunology: Costly parasite defences and trade-offs in evolutionary ecology
    • Sheldon, B. C., and S. Verhulst. 1996. Ecological immunology: costly parasite defences and trade-offs in evolutionary ecology. Trends Ecol. Evol. 11 : 317 321.
    • (1996) Trends Ecol. Evol. , vol.11 , pp. 317-321
    • Sheldon, B.C.1    Verhulst, S.2
  • 61
    • 0032448501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanistic and selective causes of life history trade-offs and plasticity
    • Sinervo, B., and E. Svensson. 1998. Mechanistic and selective causes of life history trade-offs and plasticity. Oikos 83 : 432 442.
    • (1998) Oikos , vol.83 , pp. 432-442
    • Sinervo, B.1    Svensson, E.2
  • 63
    • 0030784441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced immunocompetence of nestlings in replacement clutches of the European magpie (Pica pica)
    • Sorci, G., J. J. Soler, and A. P. Moller. 1997. Reduced immunocompetence of nestlings in replacement clutches of the European magpie (Pica pica). Proc. R. Soc. Lond., B. 264 : 1593 1598.
    • (1997) Proc. R. Soc. Lond., B. , vol.264 , pp. 1593-1598
    • Sorci, G.1    Soler, J.J.2    Moller, A.P.3
  • 65
    • 0000280102 scopus 로고
    • Trade-offs in life-history evolution
    • Stearns, S. C. 1989. Trade-offs in life-history evolution. Funct. Ecol. 3 : 259 268.
    • (1989) Funct. Ecol. , vol.3 , pp. 259-268
    • Stearns, S.C.1
  • 67
    • 0030237294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between Ixodes ricinus Density and Prevalence of Infection with Borrelia-Like Spirochetes and Density of Infected Ticks
    • Tälleklint, L., and T. G. T. Jaenson. 1996. Relationship between Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) density and the prevalence of infection with Borrelia-like spirochetes and the density of infected ticks. J. Med. Ento. 33 : 805 811. (Pubitemid 126429452)
    • (1996) Journal of Medical Entomology , vol.33 , Issue.5 , pp. 805-811
    • Talleklint, L.1    Jaenson, T.G.T.2
  • 68
    • 77957211866 scopus 로고
    • Parent-offspring conflict
    • Trivers, R. L. 1974. Parent-offspring conflict. Am. Zool. 14 : 249 264.
    • (1974) Am. Zool. , vol.14 , pp. 249-264
    • Trivers, R.L.1
  • 69
    • 0033551241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A tradeoff between immunocompetence and sexual ornamentation in domestic fowl
    • Verhulst, S., S. J. Dieleman, and H. K. Parmentier. 1999. A tradeoff between immunocompetence and sexual ornamentation in domestic fowl. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 : 4478 4481.
    • (1999) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.96 , pp. 4478-4481
    • Verhulst, S.1    Dieleman, S.J.2    Parmentier, H.K.3
  • 70
    • 27844463490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimal immune responses: Immunocompetence revisited
    • Viney, M. E., E. M. Riley, and K. L. Buchanan. 2005. Optimal immune responses: immunocompetence revisited. Trends Ecol. Evol. 20 : 665 669.
    • (2005) Trends Ecol. Evol. , vol.20 , pp. 665-669
    • Viney, M.E.1    Riley, E.M.2    Buchanan, K.L.3
  • 71
    • 0001588502 scopus 로고
    • Adaptive or nonadaptive immunosuppression by sex hormones
    • Wedekind, C., and I. Folstad. 1994. Adaptive or nonadaptive immunosuppression by sex hormones. Am. Nat. 143 : 936 938.
    • (1994) Am. Nat. , vol.143 , pp. 936-938
    • Wedekind, C.1    Folstad, I.2
  • 73
    • 0000510844 scopus 로고
    • Mate selection - A selection for a handicap
    • Zahavi, A. 1975. Mate selection - a selection for a handicap. J. Theor. Biol. 67 : 603 606.
    • (1975) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.67 , pp. 603-606
    • Zahavi, A.1
  • 74
    • 0035677998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The physiology of life history trade-offs in animals
    • Zera, A. J., and L. G. Harshman. 2001. The physiology of life history trade-offs in animals. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 32 : 95 106.
    • (2001) Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. , vol.32 , pp. 95-106
    • Zera, A.J.1    Harshman, L.G.2
  • 75
    • 0036794054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune defense and host life history
    • Zuk, M., and A. M. Stoehr. 2002. Immune defense and host life history. Am. Nat. 160 : S9 S22.
    • (2002) Am. Nat. , vol.160
    • Zuk, M.1    Stoehr, A.M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.