Factors influencing the species composition and richness of herb layer in old boreo-nemoral forests;Vanade salumetsade rohurinde koosseis ja seda mõjutavad tegurid

Forestry Studies

Volumn 50, Issue , 2009, Pages 23-41

  Sepp, Toivo ^a   Liira, Jaan ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TARTU   (Estonia)

Author keywords

Boreonemoral forest; DCA; Forest biodiversity; Forest management; Herb layer; Indicator species analysis; Species richness

Indexed keywords

AEGOPODIUM; CONIFEROPHYTA; HEPATICA;

EID: 73649147417     PISSN: 14069954     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2478/v10132-011-0067-9     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Aavik, T., Püssa, K., Roosaluste, E., Moora, M. 2009. Vegetation change in boreonemoral forest during succession trends in species composition, richness and differentiation diversity. Annales Botanici Fennici, 46, 326-335.
2. Adermann, V. (ed.) 2007. Eesti metsad 2006. Metsavarude hinnang statistilisel valikmeetodil. (Estonian Forests 2006. The estimation of forest sources by statistical sampling methodology). Tallinn, Metsakaitse-ja Metsauuenduskeskus. 149 pp. (In Estonian with English summary).
3. Angelstam, P. 1998. Maintaining and restoring biodiversity in European boreal forests by developing natural disturbance regimes. Journal of Vegetation Science, 9, 593-602.
4. Angelstam, P., Dönz-Breuss, M. 2004. Measuring forest biodiversity at the stand scale an evaluation of indicators in European forest history gradients. Ecological Bulletins, 51, 305-332.
5. Bailey, J.D., Mayrsohn, C., Doescher, P.S., St.Pierre, E., Tappeiner, J.C. 1998. Understory vegetation in old and young Douglas-fir forests of western Oregon. Forest Ecology and Management, 112, 289-302.
6. Ballard, T.M. 2000. Impacts of forest management on northern forest soils. Forest Ecology and Management 133, 37-42.
7. Barbier, S., Gosselin, F., Balandier, P. 2008. Influence of tree species on understory vegetation diversity and mechanisms involved A critical review for temperate and boreal forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 254, 1-15.
8. Bengtsson, J., Nilsson, S.G., Franc, A., Menozzi, P. 2000. Biodiversity, disturbances, ecosystem function and management of European forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 132, 39-50.
9. Berg, A., Ehnstrom, B., Gustafsson, L., Hallingback, T., Jonsell, M., Weslien, J. 1994. Threatened plant, animal, and fungus species in Swedish forests: Distribution and habitat associations. Conservation Biology, 8, 718-731.
10. Bergstedt, J., Milberg, P. 2001. The impact of logging intensity on field-layer vegetation in Swedish boreal forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 154, 105-115.
11. Brunet, J., Falkengren, G.U., Tyler, G. 1996. Herb layer vegetation of south Swedish beech and oak forests - effects of management and soil acidity during one decade. Forest Ecology and Management, 88, 259-272.
12. Brunet, J., von Oheimb, G. 1998. Migration of vascular plants to secondary woodlands in southern Sweden. Journal of Ecology, 86, 429-438.
13. Burke, D.M., Elliott, K.A., Holmes, S.B., Bradley, D. 2008. The effects of partial harvest on the understory vegetation of southern Ontario woodlands. Forest Ecology and Management, 255, 2204-2212.
14. Coroi, M., Skeffington, M.S., Giller, P., Smith, C., Gormally, M., O'Donovan, G. 2004. Vegetation diversity and stand structure in streamside forests in the south of Ireland. Forest Ecology and Management, 202, 39-57.
15. Dufrêne, P., Legendre, P. 1997. Species assemblages and indicator species: the need for a flexible asymmetrical approach. Ecological Monographs, 67, 345-366.
16. Etverk, I. 1974. Metsa õpitakse tundma ja kasutama. (Forest is studied and its utilization possibilities explored). Valk, U., Eilart, J. (eds.). Eesti metsad. (Estonian Forests). Tallinn, Valgus, 40-60. (In Estonian with English summary).
17. Fahy, O., Gormally, M. 1998. A comparison of plant and carabid beetle communities in an Irish oak woodland with a nearby conifer plantation and clearfelled site. Forest Ecology and Management, 110, 263-273.
18. Flinn, K.M., Vellend, M. 2005. Recovery of forest plant communities in post-agricultural landscapes. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 3, 243-250.
19. Fries, C., Johansson, O., Pettersson, B., Simonsson, P. 1997. Silvicultural models to maintain and restore natural stand structures in Swedish boreal forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 94, 89-103.
20. Graae, B.J., Heskjaer, V.S. 1997. A comparison of understorey vegetation between untouched and managed deciduous forest in Denmark. Forest Ecology and Management, 96, 111-123.
21. Griffis, K.L., Crawford, J.A., Wagner, M.R., Moir, W.H. 2001. Understory response to management treatments in northern Arizona ponderosa pine forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 146, 239-245.
22. Götmark, F., Paltto, H., Norden, B., Götmark, E. 2005. Evaluating partial cutting in broadleaved temperate forest under strong experimental control: Short-term effects on herbaceous plants. Forest Ecology and Management, 214, 124-141.
23. Hermy, M., Honnay, O., Firbank, L., Grashof-Bokdam, C., Lawesson, J.E. 1999. An ecological comparison between ancient and other forest plant species of Europe, and the implications for forest conservation. Biological Conservation, 91, 9-22.
24. Jalonen, J., Vanha-Majamaa, I. 2001. Immediate effects of four different felling methods on mature boreal spruce forest understorey vegetation in southern Finland. Forest Ecology and Management, 146, 25-34.
25. Jantunen, J., Saarinen, K., Marttila, O. 2001. Effects of forest management on field layer vegetation: A comparison between Finnish and Russian Karelia. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 16, 449.
26. Kalda, A. 1961. Laialehised metsad Eesti NSV-s. Väitekiri bioloogiakandidaadi teadusliku kraadi taotlemiseks. (Broadleaved Forests in Estonian SSR. Dissertation for applying cand.biol. degree). Tartu, Tartu Riiklik Ülikool. 310 pp. (In Estonian).
27. Kalda, A., Paal, J. 1997. Kaitset vajavad metsakooslused. (Forest communities needing conservation). Eesti Mets, 8, 10-16. (In Estonian).
28. Keddy, P.A., Drummond, C.G. 1996. Ecological properties for the evaluation, management, and restoration of temperate deciduous forest ecosystems. Ecological Applications, 6, 748-762.
29. Kent, M., Coker, P. 1992. Vegetation Description and Analysis: a Practical Approach. London, Belhaven Press. 363 pp.
30. Kirchner, K., Kammermeier, S., Bruelheide, H. 2009. The response of the pseudoannual species Trientalis europaea L. to forest gap dynamics in a near-natural spruce forest. Forest Ecology and Management, 257, 1070-1077.
31. Kohv, K., Liira, J. 2005. Anthropogenic effects on vegetation structure of the boreal forest in Estonia. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 20, 122-134.
32. Kukk, T. 1999. Eesti taimestik. (Estonian Flora). Tartu-Tallinn, Eesti Teaduste Akadeemia Kirjastus. 136 pp. (In Estonian).
33. Kuuba, R. (ed.) 2001. Kaitsemetsade majandamisjuhised. (Management Guidelines for Protection Forests). Projekti "Eesti metsakaitsealade võrgustik" kaitsemetsade majandamise töögrupp. Tartu, Triip Grupp. 47 pp. (In Estonian).
34. Kuuluvainen, T. 2002. Natural variability of forests as a reference for restoring and managing biological diversity in boreal Fennoscandia. Silva Fennica, 36, 97-125.
35. Laasimer, L. 1965. Eesti NSV taimkate. (Vegetation of Estonian SSR). Tallinn, Valgus. 397 pp. (In Estonian).
36. Leht, M., Kukk, T., Kull, T., Kuusk, V., Oja, T., Reier, Ü., Sepp, S., Zingel, H., Tuulik, T. 2007. Eesti taimede määraja. (Field-guide of Estonian Plants). Tartu, Eesti Loodusfoto. 447 pp. (In Estonian).
37. Liira, J., Sepp, T. 2009. Indicators of structural and habitat natural quality in boreo-nemoral forests along the management gradient. Annales Botanici Fennici, 46, 308-325.
38. Liira, J., Sepp, T., Parrest, O. 2007. The forest structure and ecosystem quality in conditions of anthropogenic disturbance along productivity gradient. Forest Ecology and Management, 250, 34-46.
39. Linder, P., Östlund, L. 1998. Structural changes in three mid-boreal Swedish forest landscapes, 1885-1996. Biological Conservation, 85, 9-19.
40. Lõhmus, E. 1970. Eesti arumetsaraiestike klassifitseerimisest. (On the classification of Estonian clearcut areas on mineral soils). Forestry Studies/Metsanduslikud Uurimused, 8, 190-249. (In Estonian with English summary).
41. Lõhmus, E. 2004. Eesti metsakasvukohatüübid. (Forest Site-types of Estonia). Jõgiste, K., Kusmin, J., Meikar, T. (eds.). Tartu, Eesti Loodusfoto. 80 pp. (In Estonian).
42. Lähde, E., Laiho, O., Norokorpi, Y. 1999. Diversity-oriented silviculture in the Boreal Zone of Europe. Forest Ecology and Management, 118, 223-243.
43. Marozas, V., Grigaitis, V., Brazaitis, G. 2005. Edge effect on ground vegetation in clear-cut edges of pinedominated forests. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 20, 43-48.
44. Masing, V. 1969. Metsatüpoloogia probleeme. (Problems of forest typology). Loodusuurijate Seltsi Aastaraamat, 59, 150-167. (In Estonian with English summary).
45. Masing, V. 1992. Ökoloogialeksikon. (Lexicon of Ecology). Tallinn, Eesti Entsüklopeediakirjastus. 320 pp. (In Estonian).
46. McCune, B., Mefford, M.J. 1999. PC-ORD. Multivariate Analysis of Ecological data, Version 4. Gleneden Beach, MjM Software Design. 237 pp.
47. Meier, E., Paal, J., Liira, J., Jüriado, I. 2005. Influence of tree stand age and management on the species diversity in Estonian eutrophic alvar and boreo-nemoral Pinus sylvestris forests. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 20, 135-144.
48. Naumburg, E., DeWald, L.E. 1999. Relationships between Pinus ponderosa forest structure, light characteristics, and understory graminoid species presence and abundance. Forest Ecology and Management, 124, 205-215.
49. Niemelä, J. 1999. Management in relation to disturbance in the boreal forest. Forest Ecology and Management, 115, 127-134.
50. Nieppola, J. 1992. Long-term vegetation changes in stands of Pinus sylvestris in Southern Finland. Journal of Vegetation Science, 3, 475-484.
51. Nilsson, S.G. 1997. Forests in the temperate-boreal transition natural and man-made features. Ecological Bulletins, 46, 61-71.
52. Nilsson, S.G., Hedin, J., Niklasson, M. 2001. Biodiversity and its assessment in boreal and nemoral forests. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 16, 10-26.
53. Ohlson, M., Tryterud, E. 1999. Long-term spruce forest continuity a challenge for a sustainable Scandinavian forestry. Forest Ecology and Management, 124, 27-34.
54. Økland, T., Rydgren, K., Økland, R.H., Storaunet, K.O., Rølstad, J. 2003. Variation in environmental conditions, understorey species number, abundance and composition among natural and managed Picea abies forest stands. Forest Ecology and Management, 177, 17-37.
55. Paal, J. 1997. Eesti taimkatte kasvukohatüüpide klassifikatsioon. (Classification of Estonian Vegetation Site-types). Tallinn, Keskkonnaministeeriumi Infoja Tehnokeskus. 297 pp. (In Estonian with English translations).
56. Paal, J., Rooma, I., Turb, M. 2004. Sürjametsadest Otepää kõrgustikul. (About meso-eutrophic boreo-nemoral hillock forests on Otepää Upland). Forestry Studies/Metsanduslikud Uurimused, 40, 124-149. (In Estonian with English summary).
57. Palo, A. 2004. Natura 2000 metsaelupaigad. (Natura 2000 Forest Habitats). Tartu, Eesti Loodusfoto. 24 pp. (In Estonian).
58. Pennock, D.J., van Kessel, C. 1997. Clear-cut forest harvest impacts on soil quality indicators in the mixedwood forest of Saskatchewan, Canada. Geoderma, 75, 13-32.
59. Peterken, G.F. 1996. Natural Woodland: Ecology and Conservation in Northern Temperate Regions. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. 522 pp.
60. Pykälä, J. 2004. Immediate increase in plant species richness after clear cutting of boreal herb-rich forests. Applied Vegetation Science, 7, 29-34.
61. Runkle, J.R. 1985. Disturbance regimes in temperate forests. The Ecology of Natural Disturbance and Patch Dynamics. Picket, S.T.A., White, P.S. (eds.). The Ecology of Natural Disturbance and Patch Dynamics. New York, Academic Press, 17-33.
62. Saarse, L., Veski, S. 2005. Spread of broad-leaved trees in Estonia. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology, 50, 51-65.
63. Spiecker, H. 2003. Silvicultural management in maintaining biodiversity and resistance of forests in Europe temperate zone. Journal of Environmental Management, 67, 55-65.
64. Spies, T.A., Franklin, J.F. 1988. Old-growth and forest dynamics in the Douglas-fir region of Western Oregon and Washington. Natural areas Journal, 8, 190-201.
65. StatSoft, Inc. (2005). STATISTICA (data analysis software system), version 7.1. www.statsoft.com.
66. Trass, H., Vellak, K., Ingerpuu, N. 1999. Floristical and ecological properties for identifying of primeval forests in Estonia. Annales Botanici Fennici, 36, 67-80.
67. Tullus, H. 2002. Tammikuid võiks Eestis rohkem kasvada. (More oak forest could grow in Estonia). Eesti Mets, 4, 29-33. (In Estonian).
68. Valk, U. 1974. Eesti metsade arengulugu. (The development story of Estonian forests). Valk, U., Eilart, J. (eds.). Eesti metsad. (Estonian Forests). Tallinn, Valgus, 31-40. (In Estonian with English summary).
69. Vellend, M. 2003. Habitat loss inhibits recovery of plant diversity as forests regrow. Ecology, 84, 1158-1164.
70. Viilma, K., Öövel, J., Tamm, U., Tomson, P., Amos, T., Ostonen, I., Sörensen, P., Kuuba, R. 2001. Eesti metsakaitsealade võrgustik. Projekti "Eesti metsakaitsealade võrgustik" lõpparuanne. (Estonian Forest Conservation Area Network. Final Report of the Estonian Forest Conservation). Tartu, Triip Grupp. 243 pp. (In Estonian).
71. Zobel, M. 1989. Secondary forest succession in Jarvselja, southeastern Estonia: changes in field layer vegetation. Annales Botanici Fennici, 26, 171-12.
72. Wallenius, T. 2002. Forest age distribution and traces of past fires in a natural boreal landscape dominated by Picea abies. Silva Fennica, 36, 201-211.