Inhaled mannitol as a test for bronchial hyper-responsiveness

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine

Volumn 3, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 457-468

  Brannan, John D ^a   Porsbjerg, Celeste ^b   Anderson, Sandra D ^a  

^a ROYAL PRINCE ALFRED HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Asthma; Bronchial hyper responsiveness; Bronchial provocation; Diagnosis; Mannitol

Indexed keywords

ADENOSINE PHOSPHATE; BUDESONIDE; CORTICOSTEROID DERIVATIVE; CROMOGLYCATE DISODIUM; FEXOFENADINE; FORMOTEROL FUMARATE; GLUCOSE; HISTAMINE; MANNITOL; METHACHOLINE; MONTELUKAST; NEDOCROMIL; OSMOHALE; SODIUM CHLORIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ASTHMA; BIOCHEMISTRY; CLINICAL FEATURE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COUGHING; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG APPROVAL; DRUG DOSAGE FORM COMPARISON; DRUG DOSE COMPARISON; DRUG DOSE TITRATION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG ELIMINATION; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG INDUCED HEADACHE; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; DRY POWDER; EXERCISE; FORCED EXPIRATORY VOLUME; HUMAN; INHALATION TEST; NAUSEA; RESPIRATORY TRACT INFLAMMATION; REVIEW; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SORE THROAT; SPIROMETER; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT;

EID: 73449096132     PISSN: 17476348     EISSN: 17476356     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1586/ers.09.38     Document Type: Review

References (64)

1. Woolcock AJ. Asthma. Murray JF, Nadel J (Eds). Saunders, PA, USA (1994).
2. Masoli M, Fabian D, Holt S, Beasley R. The global burden of asthma: executive summary of the GINA Dissemination Committee report. Allergy 59, 469-478 (2004).
3. Woolcock AJ, Peat J. Epidemiology of asthma in Australia. Official J. Aust. Chinese Med. Assoc. 1(1), 5-7 (1995).
4. British Guideline on the Management of Asthma. Thorax 63(Suppl. 4), 1-121 (2008).
5. Sont JK, Han J, van Krieken JM et al. Relationship between the inflammatory infiltrate in bronchial biopsy specimens and clinical severity of asthma in patients treated with inhaled steroids. Thorax 51, 496-502 (1996).
6. 15 was related to the severity of EIB in those who were steroid naive.
7. Munoz PA, Gomez FP, Manrique HA et al. Pulmonary gas exchange response to exercise- and mannitol- induced bronchoconstriction in mild asthma. J. Appl. Physiol. 105(5), 1477-1485 (2008).
8. Holzer K, Anderson SD, Chan H-K, Douglass J. Mannitol as a challenge test to identify exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in elite athletes. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 167(4), 534-547 (2003). Demonstrated that inhaled mannitol identified elite athletes with EIB as measured using a eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation challenge.
9. Global Initiative for Asthma. Global strategy for asthma and management and prevention. In: NHLBI/WHO Workshop Report. National Institutes of Health, NIH, Lung and Blood Institute (Ed.). Medical Communication Resources, Inc., MD, USA, 16-19 (2007).
10. Clearie KL, Fardon TC, Williamson PA et al. Supervised step-down in a community setting does not increase airways inflammation in mild to moderate asthmatics. Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 179, A2798 (2009).
11. Schoeffel RE, Anderson SD, Altounyan RE. Bronchial hyperreactivity in response to inhalation of ultrasonically nebulised solutions of distilled water and saline. BMJ 283, 1285-1287 (1981).
12. Anderson SD. Is there a unifying hypothesis for exercise-induced asthma? J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 73, 660-665 (1984).
13. Findlay SR, Dvorak AM, Kagey-Sobotka A, Lichtenstein LM. Hyperosmolar triggering of histamine release from human basophils. J. Clin. Invest. 67, 1604-1613 (1981).
14. Eggleston PA, Kagey-Sobotka A, Schleimer RP, Lichtenstein LM. Interaction between hyperosmolar and IgE-mediated histamine release from basophils and mast cells. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 130, 86-91 (1984).
15. Anderson SD, Schoeffel RE, Finney M. Evaluation of ultrasonically nebulised solutions as a provocation in patients with asthma. Thorax 38, 284-291 (1983).
16. Smith CM, Anderson SD. Inhalation provocation tests using non-isotonic aerosols. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 84, 781-790 (1989).
17. Anderson SD, Smith CM, Rodwell LT et al. The use of non-isotonic aerosols for evaluating bronchial hyperresponsiveness. In: Provocation Challenge Procedures. Spector S (Ed.). Marcel Dekker, NY, USA, 249-278 (1995).
18. de Meer G, Marks GB, de Jongste JC, Brunekreef B. Airway responsiveness to hypertonic saline: dose-response slope or PD15? Eur. Respir. J. 25(1), 153-158 (2005).
19. de Meer G, Postma DS, Janssen NA, de Jongste JC, Brunekreef B. Bronchial hyper-reponsiveness to hypertonic saline and blood eosinophilic markers in 8-13 year old school children. Clin. Exp. Allergy 34(8), 1226-1231 (2004).
20. Riedler J, Gamper A, Eder W, Oberfeld G. Prevalence of bronchial hyperresponsiveness to 4.5% saline and its relation to asthma and allergy symptoms in Austrian children. Eur. Respir. J. 11, 355-360 (1998).
21. Riedler J, Reade T, Dalton M, Holst DI, Robertson CF. Hypertonic saline challenge in an epidemiological survey of asthma in children. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 150, 1632-1639 (1994).
22. Rabone S, Phoon WO, Anderson SD et al. Hypertonic saline challenge in an adult epidemiological field survey. Occup. Med. 46, 177-185 (1996).
23. Anderson SD, Spring J, Moore B et al. The effect of inhaling a dry powder of sodium chloride on the airways of asthmatic subjects. Eur. Respir. J. 10, 2465-2473 (1997).
24. Anderson SD, Brannan J, Spring J et al. A new method for bronchial-provocation testing in asthmatic subjects using a dry powder of mannitol. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 156, 758-765 (1997). First study reporting the use of inhaled mannitol as a bronchial provocation test in subjects with asthma. The study reported results comparing mannitol with 4.5% saline and methacholine and included a small number of healthy subjects.
25. Parfitt K. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference. Pharmaceutical Press, London, UK (1999).
26. Brannan JD, Anderson SD, Freed R et al. Nedocromil sodium inhibits responsiveness to inhaled mannitol in asthmatic subjects. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 161, 2096-2099 (2000).
27. Brannan JD, Anderson SD, Gomes K et al. Fexofenadine decreases sensitivity to and montelukast improves recovery from inhaled mannitol. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 163, 1420-1425 (2001). The histamine antagonist fexofenadine reduced airway sensitivity to mannitol and the leukotriene antagonist montelukast enhanced recovery of lung function following a mannitol challenge.
28. Brannan JD, Koskela H, Anderson SD, Chan H-K. Budesonide reduces sensitivity and reactivity to inhaled mannitol in asthmatic subjects. Respirology 7(1), 37-44 (2002).
29. Koskela H, Hyvärinen L, Brannan JD, Chan H-K, Anderson SD. Sensitivity and validity of three bronchial provocation tests to demonstrate the effect of inhaled corticosteroids in asthma. Chest 124(4), 1341-1349 (2003). Demonstrated that a mannitol challenge is both sensitive and valid for assessing the effects of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in asthma and compared this with histamine and with cold air challenge.
30. Leuppi JD, Salome CM, Jenkins CR et al. Predictive markers of asthma exacerbations during stepwise dose-reduction of inhaled corticosteroids. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 163, 406-412 (2001). First study to demonstrate that exacerbations in asthmatics following downtitration of ICS were predicted by an increase in airway reactivity to mannitol and an increased percentage of sputum eosinophils but not other indicators such as lung function or exhaled nitric oxide.
31. 2, the major metabolite of the mast cell mediator prostaglandin D2, following mannitol challenge.
32. Gulliksson M, Palmberg L, Nilsson G, Ahlstedt S, Kumlin M. Release of prostaglandin D2 and leukotriene C in response to hyperosmolar stimulation of mast cells. Allergy 61(12), 1473-1479 (2006).
33. 2 that is released from mast cells.
34. Porsbjerg C, Brannan JD, Anderson SD, Backer V. Relationship between airway responsiveness to mannitol and to methacholine and markers of airway inflammation, peak flow variability and quality of life in asthma patients. Clin. Exp. Allergy 38(1), 43-50 (2008). First study to report that airway sensitivity to mannitol is related to markers of airway inflammation such as eosinophils in sputum and exhaled nitric oxide in steroid-naive asthmatic subjects.
35. Tomioka M, Ida S, Shindoh Y, Ishihara T, Takishima T. Mast cells in bronchoalveolar lumen of patients with bronchial asthma. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 129, 1000-1005 (1984).
36. Brightling CE, Bradding P, Symon FA et al. Mast-cell infiltration of airway smooth muscle in asthma. N. Engl. J. Med. 346(22), 1699-1705 (2002).
37. Carroll NG, Mutavdzic S, James AL. Distribution and degranulation of airway mast cells in normal and asthmatic subjects. Eur. Respir. J. 19(5), 879-885 (2002).
38. Bradding P, Walls AF, Holgate ST. The role of the mast cell in the pathophysiology of asthma. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 117(6), 1277-1284 (2006).
39. The MIMS Annual 1999. Caswell A (Ed.). MediMedia Australia Pty Ltd., Sydney, Australia, 2-92 (1999).
40. Australian Approved Product Information for Aridol™ (mannitol powder for inhalation), Therapeutic Goods Administration approved version. March (2006).
41. Daviskas E, Anderson SD, Brannan JD et al. Inhalation of dry powder mannitol increases mucociliary clearance. Eur. Respir. J. 10, 2449-2454 (1997).
42. Daviskas E, Anderson SD, Eberl S, Chan H-K, Young IH. The 24-h effect of mannitol on the clearance of mucus in patients with bronchiectasis. Chest 119(2), 414-421 (2001).
43. Robinson M, Daviskas E, Eberl S et al. The effect of inhaled mannitol on bronchial mucus clearance in cystic fibrosis patients: a pilot study. Eur. Respir. J. 14(3), 678-685 (1999).
44. Subbarao P, Brannan JD, Ho B et al. Inhaled mannitol identifies methacholineresponsive children with active asthma. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 29, 291-298 (2000). Demonstrated that inhaled mannitol could identify children with asthma who were also responsive to methacholine challenge.
45. Brannan JD, Anderson SD, Perry CP et al. The safety and efficacy of inhaled dry powder mannitol as a bronchial provocation test for airway hyperresponsiveness: a Phase 3 comparison study with hypertonic (4.5%) saline. Respir. Res. 6, 144 (2005). First Phase III study demonstrating safety and efficacy of inhaled mannitol in both asthmatic and nonasthmatic adults and children, which was compared with hypertonic (4.5%) saline challenge.
46. Currie GP, Haggart K, Brannan JD et al. Relationship between airway hyperresponsiveness to mannitol and adenosine monophosphate. Allergy 58, 762-766 (2003).
47. Koskela H, Hyvärinen L, Brannan JD, Chan H-K, Anderson SD. Responsiveness to three bronchial provocation tests in patients with asthma. Chest 124(6), 2171-2177 (2003).
48. Kersten ET, Driessen JM, van der Berg JD, Thio BJ. Mannitol and exercise challenge tests in asthmatic children. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 44, 655-661 (2009). First study to demonstrate that mannitol is useful to exclude EIB in asthmatic children.
49. The National Asthma Council. Asthma Management Handbook. National Asthma Council Australia Ltd., South Melbourne, Australia (2002).
50. Godfrey S, Springer C, Bar-Yishay E, Avital A. Cut-off points defining normal and asthmatic bronchial reactivity to exercise and inhalation challenges in children and young adults. Eur. Respir. J. 14(3), 659-668 (1999).
51. Avital A, Godfrey S, Springer C. Exercise, methacholine, and adenosine 5'-monophosphate challenges in children with asthma: relation to severity of disease. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 30(3), 207-214 (2000).
52. Anderson SD, Brannan JD. Methods for 'indirect' challenge tests including exercise, eucapnic voluntary hyperpnea and hypertonic aerosols. Clin. Rev. Allergy Immunol. 24, 63-90 (2003).
53. Expert Panel Report. Update on Selected Topics 2002: National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. NIH publication no.02-5074 (2003).
54. Anderson SD, Charlton B, Weiler JM et al. Comparison of mannitol and methacholine to predict exercise-induced bronchoconstriction and a clinical diagnosis of asthma. Respir. Res. 10, 4 (2009). Phase III study comparing the safety and efficacy of inhaled mannitol and methacholine challenge tests to identify EIB and a clinical diagnosis of asthma in persons with symptoms but no definite diagnosis.
55. Spector S, Anderson SD, Charlton B, Weiler JM, Nichols S. Mannitol inhalation challenge: will it replace methacholine or histamine? Proc. Am. Thorac. Soc. 6, 331 (2009).
56. Crapo RO, Casaburi R, Coates AL et al. Guidelines for methacholine and exercise challenge testing - 1999. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 161, 309-329 (2000).
57. Koskela HO, Hyvärinen L, Brannan JD, Chan HK, Anderson SD. Coughing during mannitol challenge is associated with asthma. Chest 125(6), 1985-1992 (2004).
58. Leuppi JD, Tandjung R, Anderson SD et al. Prediction of treatment-response to inhaled corticosteroids by mannitol-challenge test in COPD. A proof of concept. Pulm. Pharmacol. Ther. 18, 83-88 (2005).
59. de Nijs S, Fens N, Lutter R et al. Airway hyperresponsiveness to mannitol is associated with markers of airway inflammation in patients with COPD. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 179, A4328 (2009).
60. Cockcroft DW, Davis BE. Diagnositic and therapeutic value of airway challenges in asthma. Curr. Allergy Asthma Rep. 9, 247-253 (2009).
61. Pedersen L, Winther S, Backer V, Anderson SD, Larsen KR. Airway responses to eucapnic hyperpnea, exercise and methacholine in elite swimmers. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 40(9), 1567-1572 (2008).
62. Holzer K, Anderson SD, Douglass J. Exercise in elite summer athletes: challenges for diagnosis. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 110(3), 374-380 (2002).
63. Cockcroft DW, Murdock KY, Berscheid BA, Gore BP. Sensitivity and specificity of histamine PC20 determination in a random selection of young college students. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 89, 23-30 (1992).
64. Liem JJ, Kozyrskyj AL, Cockroft DW, Becker AB. Diagnosing asthma in children: what is the role for methacholine bronchoprovocation testing? Pediatr. Pulmonol. 43(5), 481-489 (2008).