Coeval blueschist exhumation along thousands of kilometers: Implications for subduction channel processes

Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems

Volumn 10, Issue 7, 2009, Pages

  Monie P ^a   Agard, P ^b  

^a UNIVERSITÉ MONTPELLIER 2   (France)

^b Sorbonne Universités   (France)

Author keywords

Exhumation; Geochronology; Interplate coupling; Neotethys; Subduction channel processes

Indexed keywords

EID: 72049084755     PISSN: 15252027     EISSN: 15252027     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2009GC002428     Document Type: Article

References (101)

1. Abers, G. A. (2005), Sedismic low-velocity layer at the top of subducting slabs beneath volcanic arcs: Observations, predictions, and systematics, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 149, 7-29, doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2004.10.002. (Pubitemid 40334993)
2. Abers, G. A., P. E. Van Keken, E. A. Kneller, A. Ferris, and J. C. Stachnik (2006), The thermal structure of subduction zones constrained by seismic imaging: Implications for slab dehydration and wedge flow, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 241, 387-397, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.11.055. (Pubitemid 43092534)
3. 39Ar dating of the Schistes Lustrés complex (Cottian Alps): Exhumation and implications for the Western Alps, J. Metamorph. Geol., 20, 599-618, doi:10.1046/ j.1525-1314.2002.00391.x.
4. Agard, P., P. Monié, W. Gerber, J. Omrani, M. Molinaro, B. Meyer, L. Labrousse, B. Vrielynck, L. Jolivet, and P. Yamato (2006), Transient, synobduction exhumation of Zagros blueschists inferred from P-T, deformation, time, and kinematic constraints: Implications for Neotethyan wedge dynamics, J. Geophys. Res., 111, B11401, doi:10.1029/ 2005JB004103.
5. Agard, P., L. Jolivet, B. Vrielynck, E. Burov, and P. Monié (2007), Plate acceleration: The obduction trigger?, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 258, 428-441, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.04.002. (Pubitemid 46860160)
6. Agard, P., P. Yamato, L. Jolivet, and E. Burov (2009), Exhumation of oceanic blueschists and eclogites in subduction zones: Timing and mechanisms, Earth Sci. Rev., 92, 53-79, doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2008.11.002.
7. Ammon, C. J., H. Kanamori, and T. Lay (2008), A great earthquake doublet and seismic stress transfer in the central Kuril islands, Nature, 451, 561-565, doi:10.1038/nature06521. (Pubitemid 351186270)
8. Anczkiewicz, R., J. P. Burg, I. M. Villa, and M. Meier (2000), Late Cretaceous blueschists metamorphism in the Indus suture zone, Shangla region, Pakistan Himalaya, Tectonophysics, 324, 111-134, doi:10.1016/S0040-1951(00) 00110-4. (Pubitemid 30793037)
9. Arcay, D., S. Lallemand, and M.-D. Doin (2008), Back-arc strain in subduction zones: Statistical observations versus numerical modeling, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 9, Q05015, doi:10.1029/2007GC001875.
10. Arculus, R. J., H. Lapierre, and E. Jaillard (1999), Geochemical window into subduction and accretion processes: Raspas metamorphic complex, Ecuador, Geology, 27, 547-550, doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1999)027<0547:GWISAA>2.3. CO;2.
11. Arroyo, I., S. Husen, E. Flueh, and G. E. Alvarado (2008), 3-D P wave velocity structure and seismicity in Central Costa Rica from Local Earthquake Tomography using an amphibic network, Eos Trans. AGU, 89(53), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract T23A-1991.
12. Arvin, M., and P. T. Robinson (1994), The petrogenesis and tectonic setting of lavas from the Baft ophiolitic melange, southwest of Kerman, Iran, Can. J. Earth Sci., 31, 824-834.
13. Audet, P., M. G. Bostock, N. I. Christensen, and S. M. Peacock (2009), Seismic evidence for overpressured subducted oceanic crust and sealing of the megathrust, Nature, 457, 76-78, doi:10.1038/nature07650.
14. Austrheim, H., and T. B. Andersen (2004), Pseudotachylytes from Corsica, fossil earthquakes from a subduction complex, Terra Nova, 16, 193 - 197, doi:10.1111/j.1365-3121.2004.00551.x. (Pubitemid 39066770)
15. Bagheri, S., and G. M. Stampfli (2008), The Anarak, Jandak and Posht-e-Badam metamorphic complex in Central Iran: New geological data, relationships and tectonic implications, Tectonophysics, 451, 123 - 155, doi:10.1016/j.tecto. 2007.11.047.
16. Bosch, D., P. Gabriele, H. Lapierre, J.-L. Malfere, and E. Jaillard (2002), Geodynamic significance of the Raspas metamorphic complex (SW Ecuador): Geochemical and isotopic constraints, Tectonophysics, 345, 83-102, doi:10.1016/S0040-1951(01)00207-4. (Pubitemid 34315954)
17. 39Ar ages in blueschists from the Ile de Groix (Armorican Massif, France): Implications for closure mechanisms in isotopic systems Chem. Geol., 220, 21-45, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo. 2005.02.019. (Pubitemid 40836200)
18. Bostock, M. G., R. D. Hyndman, S. Rondenay, and S. M. Peacock (2002), An inverted continental Moho and serpentinization of the forearc mantle, Nature, 417, 536-538, doi:10.1038/417536a. (Pubitemid 34595917)
19. Brandon, M. T., M. K. Roden-Tice, and J. I. Garver (1998), Late Cenozoic exhumation of the Cascadia accretionary wedge in the Olympic Mountains, northwest Washington State, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 110(8), 985 - 1009, doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1998)110<0985:LCEOTC>2.3.CO;2.
20. Brun, J. P., and C. Faccenna (2008), Exhumation of highpressure rocks driven by slab rollback, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 272, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008. 02.038.
21. Burg, J. P., M. Guiraud, G. M. Chen, and G. C. Li (1984), Himalayan metamorphism and deformation in the North Himalayan Belt (southern Tibet, China), Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 69, 391-400, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(84)90197-3.
22. Cailleau, B., and O. Oncken (2008), Past forearc deformation in Nicaragua and coupling at the megathrust interface: Evidence for subduction retreat?, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 9, Q03016, doi:10.1029/2007GC001754.
23. Calvert, A. J. (2004), Seismic reflection imaging of two megathrust shear zones in the northern Cascadia subduction zone, Nature, 428, 163-166, doi:101038/nature02372.
24. Cloos, M. (1993), Lithospheric buoyancy and collisional orogenesis: Subduction of oceanic plateaus, continental margins, island arcs, spreading ridges and seamounts, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 105, 715 - 737, doi:10.1130/0016- 7606(1993)105<0715:LBACOS>2.3.CO;2.
25. Conrad, C. P., S. Bilek, and C. Lithgow-Bertelloni (2004), Great earthquakes and slab-pull: Interaction between seismic coupling and plate-slab coupling, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 218, 109-122, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(03) 00643-5. (Pubitemid 38144031)
26. Davoudzadeh, M. (1972), Geology and petrography of the area north of Nain, central Iran, report, 89 pp., Geol. Surv. of Iran, Tehran.
27. Delaloye, M., and J. Desmons (1980), Ophiolites and melange terranes in Iran: A geochronological study and its paleotectonic implications, Tectonophysics, 68, 83-111, doi:10.1016/0040-1951(80)90009-8.
28. Delescluse, M., L. G. J. Montési, and N. Chamot-Rooke (2008), Fault reactivation and selective abandonment in the oceanic lithosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L16312, doi:10.1029/2008GL035066.
29. Dercourt, J., L. P. Zonenshain, L. E. Ricou, V. G. Kazmin, X. Le Pichon, A. L. Knipper, C. Grandjacquet, I. M. Sbortshikov, and J. Geyssant (1986), Geological evolution of the Tethys belt from the Atlantic to the Pamir since the Lias, Tectonophysics, 123, 241 - 315, doi:10.1016/0040-1951(86)90199-X.
30. Dercourt, J., L. E. Ricou, and B. Vrielynck (1993), Atlas Tethys Palaeoenvironmental Maps, Gauthier-Villars, Paris.
31. Dercourt, J., M. Guetani, and B. Vrielynck (2000), Atlas Peri-Tethys of Palaeogeographical Maps, 268 pp., Comm. de la Carte Géol. du Monde, Paris.
32. Dhuime, B., D. Bosch, J.-L. Bodinier, C. J. Garrido, O. Bruguier, S. S. Hussain, and H. Dawood (2007), Multistage evolution of the Jijal ultramafic-mafic complex (Kohistan, N Pakistan): Implications for building the roots of island arcs, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 261, 179-200, doi:10.1016/ j.epsl.2007.06.026.
33. 39Ar laser analyses on multiple generations of white micas (Lanterman Range, Antarctica), Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 192, 389-405, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00454-X. (Pubitemid 33050526)
34. England, P. C., and T. J. B. Holland (1979), Archimedes and the Tauern eclogites: The role of buoyancy in the preservation of exotic eclogite blocks, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 44, 287-294, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(79)90177-8.
35. Ernst, W. G. (1970), Tectonic contact between the Franciscan melange and the Great Valley sequence-Crustal expression of a Late Mesozoic Benioff zone, J. Geophys. Res., 75, 886-901, doi:10.1029/JB075i005p00886.
36. Ernst, W. G. (2001), Subduction, ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism, and regurgitation of buoyant crustal slices? Implications for arcs and continental growth, in Processes and Consequences of Deep Subduction, edited by D. Rubie and R. van der Hilst, pp. 253-275, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
37. Fotoohi Rad, G. R., G. T. R. Droop, S. Amini, and M. Moazzen (2005), Eclogites and blueschists of the Sistan Suture Zone, eastern Iran: A comparison of P-T histories from a subduction mélange, Lithos, 84, 1-24, doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2005.01.007. (Pubitemid 41179254)
38. Funiciello, F., C. Faccenna, A. Heuret, S. Lallemand, E. Di Giuseppe, and T. W. Becker (2008), Trench migration, net rotation and slab-mantle coupling, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 271, 233-240, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.04.006.
39. Gansser, A. (1964), Geology of the Himalayas, 289 pp., Wiley Intersci., London.
40. Gerya, T. V., J. M. Stöckhert, and A. I. Perchuk (2002), Exhumation of high-pressure metamorphic rocks in a subduction channel: A numerical simulation, Tectonics, 21(6), 1056, doi:10.1029/2002TC001406.
41. 39Ar dating of eclogitic rocks in the Tso Morari Complex, western Himalaya, India, Gondwana Res., 9, 426-440, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00490-3.
42. Guillot, S., K. Hattori, J. De Sigoyer, T. Nägler, and A. L. Auzende (2001), Evidence of hydration of the mantle wedge and its role in the exhumation of eclogites, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 193, 115-127, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00490-3. (Pubitemid 34002459)
43. Guillot, S., G. Mahéo, J. De Sigoyer, K. H. Hattori, and A. Pêcher (2008), Tethyan and Indian subduction viewed from the Himalayan high-to ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks, Tectonophysics, 451, 225-241, doi:10.1016/j.tecto. 2007.11.059.
44. Hacker, B. R., J. L. Mosenfelder, and E. Gnos (1996), Rapid emplacement of the Oman ophiolite: Thermal and geochronological constraints, Tectonics, 15, 1230 - 1247, doi:10.1029/96TC01973.
45. Hacker, B. R., S. M. Peacock, G. A. Abers, and S. D. Holloway (2003), Subduction factory: 2. Are intermediate-depth earthquakes in subducting slabs linked to metamorphic dehydration reactions?, J. Geophys. Res., 108(B1), 2030, doi:10.1029/ 2001JB001129.
46. Hermann, J., O. Müntener, and M. Scambelluri (2000), The importance of serpentinite mylonites for subduction and exhumation of oceanic crust, Tectonophysics, 327, 225-238, doi:10.1016/S0040-1951(00)00171-2. (Pubitemid 32140158)
47. Hilairet, N., and B. Reynard (2009), Stability and dynamics of serpentinite layer in subduction zone, Tectonophysics, 456, 24-29, doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2008.10.005.
48. Hilairet, N., B. Reynard, Y. Wang, I. Daniel, S. Merkel, N. Nishiyama, and S. Petitgirard (2007), High-pressure creep of serpentine, interseismic deformation, and initiation of subduction, Science, 318, 1910-1913, doi:10.1126/science.1148494.
49. Honegger, K., P. Le Fort, G. Mascle, and J. L. Zimmerman (1989), The blueschists along the Indus Suture Zone in Ladakh, NW Himalaya, J. Metamorph. Geol., 7, 57-72, doi:10.1111/j.1525-1314.1989.tb00575.x.
50. Hyndman, R. D., and S. M. Peacock (2003), Serpentinization of the forearc mantle, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 212, 417-432, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(03) 00263-2. (Pubitemid 36915147)
51. Hyndman, R. D., M. Yamano, and D. A. Oleskevich (1997), The seismogenic zone of subduction thrust faults, Isl. Arc, 6, 244-260, doi:10.1111/j.1440-1738. 1997.tb00175.x.
52. Jolivet, L., C. Faccenna, B. Goffé, E. Burov, and P. Agard (2003), Subduction tectonics and exhumation of high-pressure metamorphic rocks in the Mediterranean orogens, Am. J. Sci., 303, 353-409, doi:10.2475/ajs.303.5.353.
53. Kawakatsu, H., and S. Watada (2007), Seismic evidence for deep-water transportation in the mantle, Science, 316, 1468-1471, doi:10.1126/science. 1140855. (Pubitemid 46906611)
54. Kopp, H., D. Hindle, D. Klaeschen, O. Oncken, C. Reichert, and C. Scholl (2008), Anatomy of the Java plate interface from depth-migrated seismic images: Implications for sediment transfer, Eos Trans. AGU, 89(53), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract T23A-2001.
55. Lallemand, S., A. Heuret, and D. Boutelier (2005), On the relationships between slab dip, back-arc stress, upper plate absolute motion, and crustal nature in subduction zones, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 6, Q09006, doi:10.1029/ 2005GC000917.
56. Le Pichon, X., S. Mazzotti, P. Henry, and M. Hashimoto (1998), Deformation of the Japanese Islands and seismic coupling: An interpretation based on GSI permanent GPS observations, Geophys. J. Int., 134, 501-514, doi:10.1046/ j.1365-246x.1998.00595.x.
57. Maekawa, H., M. Shozui, T. Ishii, P. Fryer, and J. A. Pearce (1993), Blueschist metamorphism in an active subduction zone, Nature, 364, 520-523, doi:10.1038/364520a0. (Pubitemid 24419413)
58. Mahéo, G., H. Bertrand, S. Guillot, I. M. Villa, F. Keller, and P. Capiez (2004), The south Ladakh ophiolites (NW Himalaya, India): An intraoceanic theleiitic origin with implications for the closure of the Neotethys, Chem. Geol., 203, 273-303, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2003.10.007. (Pubitemid 38241921)
59. Mahéo, G., C. Fayoux, S. Guillot, E. Garzanti, P. Capiez, and G. Mascle (2006), Geochemistry of ophiolitic rocks and blueschists from the Sapi-Shergol mélange (Ladakh, NW Himalaya, India): Implication for the timing of the closure of the Neo-Tethys ocean, J. Asian Earth Sci., 26, 695-707, doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2005.01.004. (Pubitemid 43890599)
60. 40Ar method, Tectonics, 3, 1 - 18, doi:10.1029/TC003i001p00001.
61. Maruyama, S., J. G. Liou, and M. Terabayashi (1996), Blueschists and eclogites of the world and their exhumation, Int. Geol. Rev., 38, 485-594, doi:10.1080/00206819709465347.
62. 39Ar Method, Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, U. K.
63. Meier, T., D. Becker, B. Endrun, M. Rische, M. Bohnhoff, B. Stöckhert, and H. P. Harjes (2007), A model for the Hellenic subduction zone in the area of Crete based on seismological investigations, in The Geodynamics of the Aegean and Anatolia, Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 291, 183-199, doi:10.1144/SP291.9. (Pubitemid 351148524)
64. Nicolas, A. (1989), Structures in Ophiolites and Dynamics of Oceanic Lithosphere, 359 pp., Kluwer, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
65. Okay, A. I. (1989), Alpine-Himalayan blueschists, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 17, 55-87, doi:10.1146/annurev.ea. 17.050189.000415.
66. Okay, A. I. (2002), Jadeite-chloritoid-glaucophane-lawsonite blueschists in north-west Turkey: Unusually high P/T ratios in continental crust, J. Metamorph. Geol., 20, 757-768, doi:10.1046/j.1525-1314.2002.00402.x. (Pubitemid 35255535)
67. Okay, A. I., and M. Satir (2000), Upper Cretaceous eclogitefacies metamorphic rocks from the Biga peninsula, northwest Turkey, Turkish J. Earth Sci., 9, 47-56.
68. Okay, A. I., N. B. W. Harris, and S. P. Kelley (1998), Blueschist exhumation along a Tethyan suture in northwest Turkey, Tectonophysics, 285, 275-299, doi:10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00275-8.
69. Oncken, O., et al. (2003), Seismic imaging of a convergent continental margin and plateau in the central Andes (Andean Continental Research Project 1996 (ANCORP'96)), J. Geophys. Res., 108(B7), 2328, doi:10.1029/2002JB001771. (Pubitemid 37317353)
70. 39Ar ages from the metamorphic sole of the Mersin ophiolite (southern Turkey), Tectonophysics, 301, 145 - 158, doi:10.1016/ S0040-1951(98)00222-4.
71. Peacock, S. M., and R. D. Hyndman (1999), Hydrous minerals in the mantle wedge and the maximum depth of subduction thrust earthquakes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 2517-2520, doi:10.1029/1999GL900558.
72. Peacock, S. M., and K. Wang (1999), Seismic consequences of warm versus cool subduction zone metamorphism: Examples from northeast and southwest Japan, Science, 286, 937-939, doi:10.1126/science.286.5441.937.
73. Peacock, S. M., T. Rushmer, and A. B. Thompson (1994), Partial melting of subducting oceanic crust, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 121, 227 - 244, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(94) 90042-6.
74. Peacock, S. M., P. E. Van Keken, S. D. Holloway, B. R. Hacker, G. A. Abers, and R. L. Fergason (2005), Thermal structure of the Costa Rica-Nicaragua subduction zone, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 149, 187-200, doi:10.1016/j.pepi. 2004.08.030.
75. Platt, J. P. (1993), Exhumation of high-pressure rocks: A review of concepts and process, Terra Nova, 5, 119-133, doi:10.1111/j.1365-3121.1993. tb00237.x.
76. Raimbourg, H., L. Jolivet, and Y. Leroy (2007), Consequences of progressive eclogitization on crustal exhumation, a mechanical study, Geophys. J. Int., 168, 379-401, doi:10.1111/ j.1365-246X.2006.03130.x.
77. Ricou, L. E. (1994), Tethys reconstructed: Plates, continental fragments and their boundaries since 260 Ma from Central America to South-eastern Asia, Geodin. Acta, 7, 169-218.
78. Ring, U., T. M. Brandon, S. D. Willett, and G. S. Lister (1999), Exhumation processes, in Exhumation Processes: Normal Faulting, Ductile Flow and Erosion, edited by U. Ring et al., Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 154, 1-27.
79. Rogers, G., and H. Dragert (2003), Episodic tremor and slip on the Cascadia subduction zone: The chatter of silent slip, Science, 300, 1942-1943, doi:10.1126/science.1084783. (Pubitemid 36734599)
80. Rolland, Y., C. Picard, A. Pêcher, H. Lapierre, D. Bosch, and F. Keller (2002), The Cretaceous Ladakh arc of NW Himalaya-Slab melting and melt-mantle interaction during fast northward drift of Indian Plate, Chem. Geol., 182, 139-178, doi:10.1016/S0009-2541(01)00286-8. (Pubitemid 34213122)
81. Rolland, Y., S. Billo, M. Corsini, M. Sosson, and G. Galoyan (2008), Blueschists of the Amassia-Stepana Van suture zone (Armenia): Linking Tethys subduction history from E-Turkey to W-Iran, Int. J. Earth Sci., 98, 533-550, doi:10.1007/ s00531-007-0286-8.
82. Rondenay, S., G. A. Abers, and P. E. Van Keken (2008), Seismic imaging of subduction zone metamorphism, Geology, 36, 275-278, doi:10.1130/G24112A.1. (Pubitemid 351753218)
83. Schellart, W. P. (2004), Kinematics of subduction and subduction-induced flow in the upper mantle, J. Geophys. Res., 109, B07401, doi:10.1029/ 2004JB002970. (Pubitemid 39306353)
84. Schellart, W. P., J. Freeman, D. R. Stegman, L. Moresi, and D. May (2007), Evolution and diversity of subduction zones controlled by slab width, Nature, 446, 308-311, doi:10.1038/nature05615. (Pubitemid 46426157)
85. Scholz, C. H., and J. Campos (1995), On the mechanism of seismic decoupling and back-arc spreading in subduction zones, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 22,103-22,115, doi:10.1029/ 95JB01869.
86. Schwartz, S. Y., and J. M. Rokosky (2007), Slow slip events and seismic tremor at circum-Pacific subduction zones, Rev. Geophys., 45, RG3004, doi:10.1029/2006RG000208. (Pubitemid 350168236)
87. Shams, F. A. (1980), Origin of Shangla blueschist, Swat Himalaya, Pakistan, Geol. Bull. Univ. Peshawar, 13, 67-70.
88. Shojaat, B., A. A. Hassanipak, K. Mobasher, and A. M. Ghazi (2003), Petrology, geochemistry and tectonics of the Sabzevar ophiolite, north central Iran, J. Asian Earth Sci., 21, 1053-1067, doi:10.1016/S1367-9120(02)00143-8.
89. Shreve, R. L., and M. Cloos (1986), Dynamics of sediment subduction, mélange formation and prism accretion, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 10,229-10,245, doi:10.1029/JB091iB10p10229.
90. Singh, S. C., et al. (2008), Seismic evidence for broken oceanic crust in the 2004 Sumatra earthquake epicentral region, Nat. Geosci., 1, 777-781, doi:10.1038/ngeo336.
91. Stampfli, G. M., and G. D. Borel (2002), A plate tectonic model for the Paleozoic and Mesozoic constrained by dynamic plate boundaries and restored synthetic oceanic isochrons, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 196, 17-33, doi:10.1016/ S0012-821X(01)00588-X.
92. Syracuse, E. M., G. A. Abers, K. M. Fischer, L. McKenzie, C. Rychert, J. M. Protti, V. Gonzalez, and W. Strauch (2008), Seismic tomography and earthquake locations in the Nicaraguan and Costa Rican upper mantle, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 9, Q07S08, doi:10.1029/ 2008GC001963.
93. Tichelaar, B. W., and L. J. Ruff (1993), Depth of seismic coupling along subduction zones, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 2017-2037, doi:10.1029/92JB02045.
94. Tirrul, R., I. R. Bell, R. J. Griffis, and V. E. Camp (1983), The Sistan Suture Zone of eastern Iran, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 94, 134 - 150, doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1983)94<134: TSSZOE>2.0.CO;2.
95. Tonegawa, T., K. Hirahara, T. Shibutani, H. Iwamori, H. Kanamori, and K. Shiomi (2008), Water flow to the mantle transition zone inferred from a receiver function image of the Pacific slab, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 274, 346-354, doi:10.1016/ j.epsl.2008.07.046.
96. Tsujimori, T., V. B. Sisson, J. G. Liou, G. E. Harlow, and S. S. Sorensen (2006), Very-low-temperature record in subduction process: A review of worldwide lawsonite eclogites, Lithos, 92, 609-624, doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2006. 03.054. (Pubitemid 44801240)
97. Uyeda, S., and H. Kanamori (1979), Back-arc opening and the mode of subduction, J. Geophys. Res., 84, 1049-1061, doi:10.1029/JB084iB03p01049.
98. Vaughan, A. P. M. (1995), Circum-Pacific mid-Cretaceous deformation and uplift: A superplume-related event?, Geology, 23, 491 - 494, doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<0491: CPMCDA>2.3.CO;2.
99. Wakabayashi, J., and Y. Dilek (2003), What constitutes 'emplacement' of an ophiolite?: Mechanisms and relationship to subduction initiation and formation of metamorphic soles, in Ophiolites in Earth History, Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 218, 427-447.
100. 39Ar ages from coherent, high-pressure metamorphic rocks from the Franciscan Complex, California: Revisiting the timing of metamorphism of the world's type subduction complex, Int. Geol. Rev., 49, 873 - 906, doi:10.2747/0020-6814.49.10.873. (Pubitemid 350030697)
101. Yamato, P., P. Agard, E. Burov, L. Le Pourhiet, L. Jolivet, and C. Tiberi (2007), Burial and exhumation in a subduction wedge: Mutual constraints from thermomechanical modeling and natural P-T-t data (Schistes Lustrés, western Alps), J. Geophys. Res., 112, B07410, doi:10.1029/2006JB004441. (Pubitemid 47382480)