Real-time monitoring of polyaniline nanoparticle formation on surfaces

Journal of Physical Chemistry C

Volumn 113, Issue 47, 2009, Pages 20221-20227

  Schnippering, Mathias ^a   Powell, Hayley V ^a   MacKenzie, Stuart R ^b   Unwin, Patrick R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AFM; AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS; CAVITY RING-DOWN SPECTROSCOPY; CYCLIC VOLTAMMOGRAMS; ELECTROCHEMICAL RESPONSE; EVANESCENT WAVE; FIRST-ORDER; FIXED NUMBERS; IN-SITU; INDIUM DOPED TIN OXIDES; LARGE PARTICLES; MONOMER ADDITION; NANOPARTICLE SURFACE; NUCLEATION AND GROWTH; PARTICLE MORPHOLOGIES; PEAK CURRENTS; POLYANILINE NANOPARTICLES; POLYMER NANOPARTICLES; POLYMER PARTICLES; POLYMERIZATION KINETICS; POLYMERIZATION PROCESS; POLYMERIZATION RATES; REAL TIME MONITORING; SILICA SURFACE; SODIUM PERSULFATE; TAPPING-MODE ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY;

ANILINE; ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY; DOPING (ADDITIVES); FLUORINE CONTAINING POLYMERS; MONOMERS; MORPHOLOGY; NANOPARTICLES; POLYANILINE; POLYMERIZATION; POLYMERS; RATE CONSTANTS; SILICA; SODIUM; TIN;

SURFACES;

EID: 71049174849     PISSN: 19327447     EISSN: 19327455     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jp906771c     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Conductive Polymers: Transport, Photophysis and Applications; Nalwa, H. S., Ed.; John Wiley and Sons Ltd: Chichester, 1997; Vol.4.
2. Macdiarmid, A. G.; Epstein, A. J. Faraday Discuss. 1989, 317.
3. Sapurina, I.; Stejskal, J. Polym. Int. 2008, 57, 1295-1325.
4. Letheby, H. J. Chem. Soc. - Trans. 1862, 15, 161-163.
5. Monkman, A. P.; Adams, P. Synth. Met. 1991, 40, 87-96.
6. Huang, W. S.; Macdiarmid, A. G. Polymer 1993, 34, 1833-1845.
7. Laska, J.; Widlarz, J. Polymer 2005, 46, 1485-1495.
8. Bormashenko, E.; Pogreb, R.; Sutovski, S.; Shulzinger, A.; Sheshnev, A.; Izakson, G.; Katzir, A. Synth. Met. 2004, 140, 49-52.
9. Batich, C. D.; Laitinen, H. A.; Zhou, H. C. J. Electrochem. Soc. 1990, 137, 883-885.
10. Karg, S.; Scott, J. C.; Salem, J. R.; Angelopoulos, M. Synth. Met. 1996, 80, 111-117.
11. Wang, H. L.; MacDiarmid, A. G.; Wang, Y. Z.; Gebler, D. D.; Epstein, A. J. Synth. Met. 1996, 78, 33-37.
12. Yang, Y.; Westerweele, E.; Zhang, C.; Smith, P.; Heeger, A. J. J. Appl. Phys. 1995, 77, 694-698.
13. Yang, Y. F.; Mu, S. L. J. Electroanal. Chem. 1997, 432, 71-78.
14. Bartlett, P. N.; Whitaker, R. G. Biosensors 1987, 3, 359-379
15. Gerard, M.; Chaubey, A.; Malhotra, B. D. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2002, 17, 345-359.
16. Huang, J.; Virji, S.; Weiller, B. H.; Kaner, R. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 314-315.
17. Virji, S.; Huang, J.; Kaner, R. B.; Weiller, B. H. Nano Lett. 2004, 4, 491-496.
18. Virji, S.; Kaner, R. B.; Weiller, B. H. J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 22266-22270.
19. Agbor, N. E.; Petty, M. C.; Monkman, A. P. Sens. Actuators B: Chem. 1995, 28, 173-179.
20. Dhawan, S. K.; Kumar, D.; Ram, M. K.; Chandra, S.; Trivedi, D. C. Sens. Actuators B: Chem. 1997, 40, 99-103.
21. Janata, J.; Josowicz, M. Nat. Mater. 2003, 2, 19-24.
22. Macdiarmid, A. G.; Mu, S. L.; Somasiri, N. L. D.; Wu, W. Q. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 1985, 121, 187-190.
23. Novak, P.; Muller, K.; Santhanam, K. S. V.; Haas, O. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 207-281.
24. O'Mullane, A. P.; Dale, S. E.; Day, T. M.; Wilson, N. R.; Macpherson, J. V.; Unwin, P. R. J. Solid State Electrochem. 2006, 10, 792-807.
25. O'Mullane, A. P.; Dale, S. E.; Macpherson, J. V.; Unwin, P. R. Chem. Commun. 2004, 1606-1607.
26. Kang, E. T.; Neoh, K. G.; Tan, K. L. Prog. Polym. Sci. 1998, 23, 277-324.
27. Stejskal, J.; Kratochvil, P.; Jenkins, A. D. Polymer 1996, 37, 367-369.
28. Genies, E. M.; Boyle, A.; Lapkowski, M.; Tsintavis, C. Synth. Met. 1990, 36, 139-182.
29. Turyan, I.; Mandler, D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 10733-10742.
30. Guiseppielie, A.; Pradhan, S. R.; Wilson, A. M.; Allara, D. L.; Zhang, P.; Collins, R. W.; Kim, Y. T. Chem. Mater. 1993, 5, 1474-1480.
31. Kobayashi, T.; Yoneyama, H.; Tamura, H. J. Electroanal. Chem. 1984, 177, 281-291.
32. Cao, Y.; Mallouk, T. E. Chem. Mater. 2008, 20, 5260-5265.
33. Huang, W. S.; Humphrey, B. D.; Macdiarmid, A. G. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. I 1986, 82, 2385. -&.
34. Tzou, K.; Gregory, R. V. Synth. Met. 1992, 47, 267-277.
35. Goldenberg, L. M.; Petty, M. C.; Monkman, A. P. J. Electrochem. Soc. 1994, 141, 1573-1576.
36. Nohria, R.; Khillan, R. K.; Su, Y.; Dikshit, R.; Lvov, Y.; Varahramyan, K. Sens. Actuators B: Chem. 2006, 114, 218-222.
37. Mandler, D.; Unwin, P. R. J. Phys. Chem. B 2003, 107, 407-410.
38. Zhang, J.; Burt, D. P.; Whitworth, A. L.; Mandler, D.; Unwin, P. R. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2009, 11, 3490-3496.
39. Troitsky, V. I.; Berzina, T. S.; Fontana, M. P. Synth. Met. 2002, 129, 39-46.
40. Ram, M. K.; Adami, M.; Sartore, M.; Salerno, M.; Paddeu, S.; Nicolini, C. Synth. Met. 1999, 100, 249-259.
41. Chiou, N. R.; Lui, C. M.; Guan, J. J.; Lee, L. J.; Epstein, A. J. Nat. Nanotechnol. 2007, 2, 354-357.
42. Sawall, D. D.; Villahermosa, R. M.; Lipeles, R. A.; Hopkins, A. R. Chem. Mater. 2004, 16, 1606-1608.
43. Tran, H. D.; Norris, I.; D'Arcy, J. M.; Tsang, H.; Wang, Y.; Mattes, B. R.; Kaner, R. B. Macromolecules 2008, 41, 7405-7410.
44. Wang, Y.; Jing, X. J. Phys. Chem. B 2008, 112, 1157-1162.
45. Zhang, L. J.; Wan, M. X. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2003, 13, 815-820.
46. Zhang, D. H.; Wang, Y. Y. Mater. Sci. Eng. B: Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. 2006, 134, 9-19.
47. Xia, H.; Narayanan, J.; Cheng, D.; Xiao, C.; Liu, X.; Chan, H. S. O. J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 12677-12684.
48. Ding, H. J.; Zhu, C. J.; Zhou, Z. M.; Wan, M. X.; Wei, Y. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2006, 27, 1029-1034.
49. Sapurina, I.; Osadchev, A. Y.; Volchek, B. Z.; Trchová, M.; Riede, A.; Stejskal, J. Synth. Met. 2002, 129, 29-37.
50. Sapurina, I.; Riede, A.; Stejskal, J. Synth. Met. 2001, 123, 503-507.
51. Travain, S. A.; de Souza, N. C.; Balogh, D. T.; Giacometti, J. A. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2007, 316, 292-297.
52. MacDiarmid, A. G. Synth. Met. 1997, 84, 27-34.
53. Fedorova, S.; Stejskal, J. Langmuir 2002, 18, 5630-5632.
54. Ayad, M. M.; Gemaey, A. H.; Salahuddin, N.; Shenashin, M. A. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2003, 263, 196-201.
55. Pipino, A. C. R.; Hudgens, J. W.; Huie, R. E. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1997, 280, 104-112.
56. Everest, M. A.; Black, V. M.; Haehlen, A. S.; Haveman, G. A.; Kliewer, C. J.; Neill, H. A. J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 19461-19468.
57. Mazurenka, M.; Wilkins, L.; Macpherson, J. V.; Unwin, P. R.; Mackenzie, S. R. Anal. Chem. 2006, 78, 6833-6839.
58. Shaw, A. M.; Hannon, T. E.; Li, F. P.; Zare, R. N. J. Phys. Chem. B 2003, 107, 7070-7075.
59. Powell, H. V.; Schnippering, M.; Mazurenka, M.; Macpherson, J. V.; Mackenzie, S. R.; Unwin, P. R. Langmuir 2009, 25, 248-255.
60. Fan, H. F.; Li, F.; Zare, R. N.; Lin, K. C. Anal. Chem. 2007.
61. Schnippering, M.; Powell, H. V.; Zhang, M. Q.; Macpherson, J. V.; Unwin, P. R.; Mazurenka, M.; Mackenzie, S. R. J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112, 15274-15280.
62. Mazurenka, M.; Hamilton, S. M.; Unwin, P. R.; Mackenzie, S. R. J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112, 6462-6468.
63. Fisk, J. D.; Rooth, M.; Shaw, A. M. J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 2588-2594.
64. Fisk, J. D.; Batten, R.; Jones, G.; O'Reilly, J. P.; Shaw, A. M. J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 14475-14480.
65. Schnippering, M.; Powell, H. V.; Zhang, M.; Macpherson, J. V.; Unwin, P. R.; Mazurenka, M.; Mackenzie, S. R. J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112, 15274-15280.
66. Schnippering, M.; Unwin, P. R.; Hult, J.; Laurila, T.; Kaminski, C. F.; Langridge, J. M.; Jones, R. L.; Mazurenka, M.; Mackenzie, S. R. Electrochem. Commun. 2008, 10, 1827-1830.
67. Mazurenka, M.; Wada, R.; Shillings, A. J. L.; Butler, T. J. A.; Beames, J. M.; Orr-Ewing, A. J. Appl. Phys. B 2005, 81, 135-141.
68. Wang, B.; Tang, J.; Wang, F. Synth. Met. 1987, 18, 323-328
69. Okabayashi, K.; Goto, F.; Abe, K.; Yoshida, T. Synth. Met. 1987, 18, 365-370.
70. Genies, E. M.; Tsintavis, C. J. Electroanal. Chem. 1985, 195, 109-128.
71. Bard, A. J.; Faulkner, L. R. Electrochemical Methods, Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd ed.; John Wiley and Sons, Inc.: New York, 2001.
72. Stejskal, J.; Sapurina, I.; Prokes, J.; Zemek, J. Synth. Met. 1999, 105, 195-202.
73. Link, S.; El-Sayed, M. A. Int. Rev. Phys. Chem. 2000, 19, 409-453.
74. Ayad, M. M.; Zaki, E. A. Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. 2008, 9.
75. Li, D.; Kaner, R. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 168, 968-975.