-
1
-
-
1142265282
-
Profiling Mexican American identity: Issues and concerns
-
Aguirre A. Profiling Mexican American identity: Issues and concerns. American Behavioral Scientist 47 (2004) 928-942
-
(2004)
American Behavioral Scientist
, vol.47
, pp. 928-942
-
-
Aguirre, A.1
-
2
-
-
22544467464
-
Police suspicion and discretionary decision making during traffic stops
-
Alpert G.P., MacDonald J.M., and Dunham R.G. Police suspicion and discretionary decision making during traffic stops. Criminology 43 (2005) 407-434
-
(2005)
Criminology
, vol.43
, pp. 407-434
-
-
Alpert, G.P.1
MacDonald, J.M.2
Dunham, R.G.3
-
3
-
-
33751346622
-
Race matters: A critical look at racial profiling, it's a matter for the courts
-
Birzer M.L., and Birzer G.H. Race matters: A critical look at racial profiling, it's a matter for the courts. Journal of Criminal Justice 34 (2006) 643-651
-
(2006)
Journal of Criminal Justice
, vol.34
, pp. 643-651
-
-
Birzer, M.L.1
Birzer, G.H.2
-
5
-
-
33745630322
-
Gender, race, and urban policing: The experience of African-American youths
-
Brunson R.K., and Miller J. Gender, race, and urban policing: The experience of African-American youths. Gender and Society 20 (2006) 531-552
-
(2006)
Gender and Society
, vol.20
, pp. 531-552
-
-
Brunson, R.K.1
Miller, J.2
-
7
-
-
26844527634
-
Citizens' perceptions of distributive and procedural injustice during traffic stops with police
-
Engel R.S. Citizens' perceptions of distributive and procedural injustice during traffic stops with police. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 42 (2005) 445-481
-
(2005)
Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency
, vol.42
, pp. 445-481
-
-
Engel, R.S.1
-
8
-
-
18344377057
-
Examining the influence of drivers' characteristics during traffic stops with police: Results from a national survey
-
Engel R.S., and Calnon J.M. Examining the influence of drivers' characteristics during traffic stops with police: Results from a national survey. Justice Quarterly 21 (2004) 49-90
-
(2004)
Justice Quarterly
, vol.21
, pp. 49-90
-
-
Engel, R.S.1
Calnon, J.M.2
-
9
-
-
84993804604
-
Comparing benchmark methodologies for police-citizen contacts: Traffic stop data collection for the Pennsylvania State Police
-
Engel R.S., and Calnon J.M. Comparing benchmark methodologies for police-citizen contacts: Traffic stop data collection for the Pennsylvania State Police. Police Quarterly 7 (2004) 97-125
-
(2004)
Police Quarterly
, vol.7
, pp. 97-125
-
-
Engel, R.S.1
Calnon, J.M.2
-
10
-
-
0010293707
-
Street cops and broken windows: Terry, race, and disorder in New York City
-
Fagan J., and Davies G. Street cops and broken windows: Terry, race, and disorder in New York City. Fordham Urban Law Journal 28 (2001) 457-504
-
(2001)
Fordham Urban Law Journal
, vol.28
, pp. 457-504
-
-
Fagan, J.1
Davies, G.2
-
11
-
-
84990348168
-
An analysis of traffic stop data in Riverside, California
-
Gaines L.K. An analysis of traffic stop data in Riverside, California. Police Quarterly 9 (2006) 210-233
-
(2006)
Police Quarterly
, vol.9
, pp. 210-233
-
-
Gaines, L.K.1
-
12
-
-
33646419991
-
Testing for racial profiling in traffic stops from behind a veil of darkness
-
Grogger J., and Ridgeway G. Testing for racial profiling in traffic stops from behind a veil of darkness. Journal of the American Statistical Association 101 (2006) 878-887
-
(2006)
Journal of the American Statistical Association
, vol.101
, pp. 878-887
-
-
Grogger, J.1
Ridgeway, G.2
-
13
-
-
0345791588
-
Driving while Black and all other traffic offenses: The Supreme Court and pretextual traffic stops
-
Harris D.A. Driving while Black and all other traffic offenses: The Supreme Court and pretextual traffic stops. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 87 (1997) 544-582
-
(1997)
Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology
, vol.87
, pp. 544-582
-
-
Harris, D.A.1
-
15
-
-
0039270129
-
Negotiating order in police work: An ecological theory of police response to deviance
-
Klinger D.A. Negotiating order in police work: An ecological theory of police response to deviance. Criminology 35 (1997) 277-306
-
(1997)
Criminology
, vol.35
, pp. 277-306
-
-
Klinger, D.A.1
-
17
-
-
33847621236
-
Vehicle stops by police for driving while Black: Common problems and some tentative solutions
-
Kowalski B.R., and Lundman R.J. Vehicle stops by police for driving while Black: Common problems and some tentative solutions. Journal of Criminal Justice 35 (2007) 165-181
-
(2007)
Journal of Criminal Justice
, vol.35
, pp. 165-181
-
-
Kowalski, B.R.1
Lundman, R.J.2
-
18
-
-
70449522496
-
Retrieved August 2, 2001, from American Civil Liberties Union Web site
-
Report of John Lamberth, Ph.D
-
Lamberth, J. D. (1997). Report of John Lamberth, Ph.D. Retrieved August 2, 2001, from American Civil Liberties Union Web site: www.archive.aclu.org/court/lamberth.html
-
(1997)
-
-
Lamberth, J.D.1
-
19
-
-
0004002636
-
-
U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, DC
-
Langan P.A., Greenfeld L.A., Smith S.K., Durose M.R., and Levin D.J. Contacts between police and the public: Findings from the 1999 national survey (2001), U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, DC
-
(2001)
Contacts between police and the public: Findings from the 1999 national survey
-
-
Langan, P.A.1
Greenfeld, L.A.2
Smith, S.K.3
Durose, M.R.4
Levin, D.J.5
-
20
-
-
27844561768
-
Testing the racial profiling hypothesis for seemingly disparate traffic stops on the New Jersey turnpike
-
Lange J.E., Johnson M.B., and Voas R.B. Testing the racial profiling hypothesis for seemingly disparate traffic stops on the New Jersey turnpike. Justice Quarterly 22 (2005) 193-224
-
(2005)
Justice Quarterly
, vol.22
, pp. 193-224
-
-
Lange, J.E.1
Johnson, M.B.2
Voas, R.B.3
-
21
-
-
3142690809
-
Driving while Black: Effects of race, ethnicity, and gender on citizen self-reports of traffic stops and police actions
-
Lundman R.J., and Kaufman R.L. Driving while Black: Effects of race, ethnicity, and gender on citizen self-reports of traffic stops and police actions. Criminology 41 (2003) 195-220
-
(2003)
Criminology
, vol.41
, pp. 195-220
-
-
Lundman, R.J.1
Kaufman, R.L.2
-
23
-
-
84993725440
-
Race and place: The ecology of racial profiling African American motorists
-
Meehan A.J., and Ponder M.C. Race and place: The ecology of racial profiling African American motorists. Justice Quarterly 19 (2002) 399-430
-
(2002)
Justice Quarterly
, vol.19
, pp. 399-430
-
-
Meehan, A.J.1
Ponder, M.C.2
-
24
-
-
65749173853
-
Police stops, pretext and racial profiling: Explaining warning and ticket stops using citizen self-reports
-
Miller K. Police stops, pretext and racial profiling: Explaining warning and ticket stops using citizen self-reports. Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice 6 (2008) 123-149
-
(2008)
Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice
, vol.6
, pp. 123-149
-
-
Miller, K.1
-
25
-
-
84993767990
-
Disparity and racial profiling in traffic enforcement
-
Novak K.J. Disparity and racial profiling in traffic enforcement. Police Quarterly 7 (2004) 65-96
-
(2004)
Police Quarterly
, vol.7
, pp. 65-96
-
-
Novak, K.J.1
-
26
-
-
0010288561
-
Environment and organization: A perspective on the police
-
Bordua D.J. (Ed), John Wiley, New York
-
Reiss A.J., and Bordua D.J. Environment and organization: A perspective on the police. In: Bordua D.J. (Ed). The police: Six sociological essays (1967), John Wiley, New York 25-55
-
(1967)
The police: Six sociological essays
, pp. 25-55
-
-
Reiss, A.J.1
Bordua, D.J.2
-
27
-
-
84993711423
-
The influence of driver's race on traffic stops in Missouri
-
Rojek J., Rosenfeld R., and Decker S. The influence of driver's race on traffic stops in Missouri. Police Quarterly 7 (2004) 126-147
-
(2004)
Police Quarterly
, vol.7
, pp. 126-147
-
-
Rojek, J.1
Rosenfeld, R.2
Decker, S.3
-
28
-
-
0032235909
-
Legal cynicism and (subcultural) tolerance of deviance: The neighborhood context of racial differences
-
Sampson R.J., and Bartusch D. Legal cynicism and (subcultural) tolerance of deviance: The neighborhood context of racial differences. Law and Society Review 32 (1998) 777-804
-
(1998)
Law and Society Review
, vol.32
, pp. 777-804
-
-
Sampson, R.J.1
Bartusch, D.2
-
31
-
-
84937386577
-
Searching for direction: Courts, social science, and the abjudication of racial profiling claims
-
Smith M.R., and Alpert G.P. Searching for direction: Courts, social science, and the abjudication of racial profiling claims. Justice Quarterly 19 (2002) 673-703
-
(2002)
Justice Quarterly
, vol.19
, pp. 673-703
-
-
Smith, M.R.1
Alpert, G.P.2
-
32
-
-
84993730669
-
Racial profiling? A multivariate analysis of police traffic stop data
-
Smith M.R., and Petrocelli M. Racial profiling? A multivariate analysis of police traffic stop data. Police Quarterly 4 (2001) 4-27
-
(2001)
Police Quarterly
, vol.4
, pp. 4-27
-
-
Smith, M.R.1
Petrocelli, M.2
-
33
-
-
0002028247
-
The self-report method for measuring delinquency and crime
-
Duffee D. (Ed), National Institute of Justice, Washington, DC
-
Thornberry T.P., and Krohn M.D. The self-report method for measuring delinquency and crime. In: Duffee D. (Ed). Measurement and analysis of crime and justice: Criminal justice 2000 Vol. 4 (2000), National Institute of Justice, Washington, DC 38-84
-
(2000)
Measurement and analysis of crime and justice: Criminal justice 2000
, vol.4
, pp. 38-84
-
-
Thornberry, T.P.1
Krohn, M.D.2
-
34
-
-
84993804612
-
Looking for the driving while Black phenomenon: Conceptualizing racial bias processes and the associative distributions
-
Tomaskovic-Devey D., Mason M., and Zingraff M. Looking for the driving while Black phenomenon: Conceptualizing racial bias processes and the associative distributions. Police Quarterly 7 (2004) 3-29
-
(2004)
Police Quarterly
, vol.7
, pp. 3-29
-
-
Tomaskovic-Devey, D.1
Mason, M.2
Zingraff, M.3
-
35
-
-
33749672047
-
Self-reports of police speeding stops by race: Results from the North Carolina reverse record check survey
-
Tomaskovic-Devey D., Wright C.P., Czaja R., and Miller K. Self-reports of police speeding stops by race: Results from the North Carolina reverse record check survey. Journal of Quantitative Criminology 22 (2006) 279-297
-
(2006)
Journal of Quantitative Criminology
, vol.22
, pp. 279-297
-
-
Tomaskovic-Devey, D.1
Wright, C.P.2
Czaja, R.3
Miller, K.4
-
37
-
-
32544447836
-
Profiling and the legitimacy of the police: Procedural justice, attributions of motive, and the acceptance of social authority
-
Tyler T.R., and Wakslak C.J. Profiling and the legitimacy of the police: Procedural justice, attributions of motive, and the acceptance of social authority. Criminology 42 (2004) 13-42
-
(2004)
Criminology
, vol.42
, pp. 13-42
-
-
Tyler, T.R.1
Wakslak, C.J.2
-
38
-
-
0002619817
-
The asshole
-
Manning P.K., and Van Maanen J. (Eds), Goodyear, Santa Monica, CA
-
Van Maanen J. The asshole. In: Manning P.K., and Van Maanen J. (Eds). Policing: A view from the street (1978), Goodyear, Santa Monica, CA 221-239
-
(1978)
Policing: A view from the street
, pp. 221-239
-
-
Van Maanen, J.1
-
39
-
-
33748307612
-
Driving while Black: Bias processes and racial disparity in police stops
-
Warren P., Tomaskovic-Devey D., Smith W., Zingraff M., and Mason M. Driving while Black: Bias processes and racial disparity in police stops. Criminology 44 (2006) 709-738
-
(2006)
Criminology
, vol.44
, pp. 709-738
-
-
Warren, P.1
Tomaskovic-Devey, D.2
Smith, W.3
Zingraff, M.4
Mason, M.5
-
40
-
-
1142277370
-
Prejudice in police profiling: Assessing an overlooked aspect in prior research
-
Wilson G., Dunham R.G., and Alpert G. Prejudice in police profiling: Assessing an overlooked aspect in prior research. American Behavioral Scientist 47 (2004) 896-909
-
(2004)
American Behavioral Scientist
, vol.47
, pp. 896-909
-
-
Wilson, G.1
Dunham, R.G.2
Alpert, G.3
-
42
-
-
0012065299
-
-
North Carolina Department of Crime Control and Public Safety, Raleigh
-
Zingraff M.T., Mason H.M., Smith W.R., Tomaskovic-Devey D., Warren P., McMurray H.L., et al. Evaluating North Carolina State Highway Patrol data: Citations, warnings and searches in 1998 (2000), North Carolina Department of Crime Control and Public Safety, Raleigh
-
(2000)
Evaluating North Carolina State Highway Patrol data: Citations, warnings and searches in 1998
-
-
Zingraff, M.T.1
Mason, H.M.2
Smith, W.R.3
Tomaskovic-Devey, D.4
Warren, P.5
McMurray, H.L.6
-
43
-
-
70449529979
-
-
Whren v. U.S., 517 U.S. 806 (1996).
-
Whren v. U.S., 517 U.S. 806 (1996).
-
-
-
|