메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 57, Issue 13, 2009, Pages 1547-1557

Heavy ion formation in Titan's ionosphere: Magnetospheric introduction of free oxygen and a source of Titan's aerosols?

Author keywords

Aerosols; Astrobiology; Heavy negative ions; Oxygen; Saturn's magnetosphere; Titan

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC IONS; CARBON AND HYDROGENS; CARBON ATOMS; CASSINI; COSMIC RAY INTERACTIONS; CRYOVOLCANISM; ENCELADUS; ENERGY SOURCE; EXTERNAL ENERGY; FREE OXYGEN; FULLERENE MOLECULES; GALACTIC COSMIC RAYS; HAZE PARTICLES; HEAT SOURCES; HEAVY NEGATIVE IONS; HOLLOW SHELLS; HUYGENS PROBE; ICE GRAINS; IN-SITU; INTERPLANETARY MEDIUM; MAGNETOSHEATHS; MAGNETOSPHERIC IONS; MAGNETOSPHERIC PLASMAS; MOLECULAR NITROGEN; NEUTRAL CHEMISTRY; ORGANICS; OXYGEN IONS; SATURN'S MAGNETOSPHERE; SEED PARTICLE; SOLAR X-RAYS; THERMALIZATION; TITAN; TITAN'S ATMOSPHERE;

EID: 70449523662     PISSN: 00320633     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pss.2009.07.017     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (58)

References (130)
  • 2
    • 34548520395 scopus 로고
    • Interstellar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: the infrared emission bands, the excitation/emission mechanism and the astrophysical implications
    • Allamandola L.J., Tielens A.G.G.M., and Barker J.R. Interstellar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: the infrared emission bands, the excitation/emission mechanism and the astrophysical implications. Astrophys. J. 71 (1989) 733-775
    • (1989) Astrophys. J. , vol.71 , pp. 733-775
    • Allamandola, L.J.1    Tielens, A.G.G.M.2    Barker, J.R.3
  • 3
    • 0036328831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photoelectric charging of submicron aerosols and macromolecules in the Titan haze
    • Bakes E.L.O., McKay C.P., and Bauschlicher C.W. Photoelectric charging of submicron aerosols and macromolecules in the Titan haze. Icarus 157 (2002) 464-475
    • (2002) Icarus , vol.157 , pp. 464-475
    • Bakes, E.L.O.1    McKay, C.P.2    Bauschlicher, C.W.3
  • 5
    • 0001465066 scopus 로고
    • The interstellar gas phase production of highly complex hydrocarbons: construction of a model
    • Bettens R.P.A., and Herbst E. The interstellar gas phase production of highly complex hydrocarbons: construction of a model. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 149/150 (1995) 321-343
    • (1995) Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes , vol.149-150 , pp. 321-343
    • Bettens, R.P.A.1    Herbst, E.2
  • 6
    • 7544236828 scopus 로고
    • PAH and Fullerene ions and ion/molecule reactions in interstellar and circumstellar chemistry
    • Bohme D.K. PAH and Fullerene ions and ion/molecule reactions in interstellar and circumstellar chemistry. Chem. Rev. 92 (1992) 1487-1508
    • (1992) Chem. Rev. , vol.92 , pp. 1487-1508
    • Bohme, D.K.1
  • 8
    • 33645848135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictions of the electrical conductivities and charging of aerosols in Titan's atmosphere
    • Borucki W.J., Whitten R.C., Bakes E.L.O., Barth E., and Tripathi S. Predictions of the electrical conductivities and charging of aerosols in Titan's atmosphere. Icarus 181 (2006) 527-544
    • (2006) Icarus , vol.181 , pp. 527-544
    • Borucki, W.J.1    Whitten, R.C.2    Bakes, E.L.O.3    Barth, E.4    Tripathi, S.5
  • 9
    • 37349067227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of high abundances of aerosols on the electrical conductivity of the Titan atmosphere
    • Borucki W.J., and Whitten R.C. Influence of high abundances of aerosols on the electrical conductivity of the Titan atmosphere. Planet. Space Sci. 56 (2008) 19-26
    • (2008) Planet. Space Sci. , vol.56 , pp. 19-26
    • Borucki, W.J.1    Whitten, R.C.2
  • 10
    • 0002242905 scopus 로고
    • Plasma observations near Saturn: initial results from Voyager 1
    • Bridge H.S., et al. Plasma observations near Saturn: initial results from Voyager 1. Science 212 (1981) 217
    • (1981) Science , vol.212 , pp. 217
    • Bridge, H.S.1
  • 11
    • 0002449835 scopus 로고
    • Extreme ultraviolet observations from Voyager 1-encounter with Saturn
    • Broadfoot A.L., et al. Extreme ultraviolet observations from Voyager 1-encounter with Saturn. Science 212 (1981) 206
    • (1981) Science , vol.212 , pp. 206
    • Broadfoot, A.L.1
  • 12
    • 48349084071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The identification of liquid ethane in Titan's Ontario Lacus
    • Brown R.H., Soderblom L.A., Soderblom J.M., et al. The identification of liquid ethane in Titan's Ontario Lacus. Nature 454 (2008) 607-610
    • (2008) Nature , vol.454 , pp. 607-610
    • Brown, R.H.1    Soderblom, L.A.2    Soderblom, J.M.3
  • 17
    • 0002943344 scopus 로고
    • Galactic cosmic rays and N2 dissociation on Titan
    • Capone L.A., Dubach J., Prasad S.S., and Whitten R.C. Galactic cosmic rays and N2 dissociation on Titan. Icarus 55 (1983) 73-82
    • (1983) Icarus , vol.55 , pp. 73-82
    • Capone, L.A.1    Dubach, J.2    Prasad, S.S.3    Whitten, R.C.4
  • 19
    • 0035875031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life without photosynthesis
    • Chyba C.F., and Hand K.P. Life without photosynthesis. Science 292 (2001) 2026-2027
    • (2001) Science , vol.292 , pp. 2026-2027
    • Chyba, C.F.1    Hand, K.P.2
  • 22
    • 70350599436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of Titan's ionosphere with Saturn's magnetosphere
    • Coates A.J. Interaction of Titan's ionosphere with Saturn's magnetosphere. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 367 (2009) 773-788
    • (2009) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A , vol.367 , pp. 773-788
    • Coates, A.J.1
  • 24
    • 0000444307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energetic ion and electron irradiation of the icy Galilean satellites
    • Cooper J.F., Johnson R.E., Mauk B.H., Garrett H.B., and Gehrels N. Energetic ion and electron irradiation of the icy Galilean satellites. Icarus 149 (2001) 133-159
    • (2001) Icarus , vol.149 , pp. 133-159
    • Cooper, J.F.1    Johnson, R.E.2    Mauk, B.H.3    Garrett, H.B.4    Gehrels, N.5
  • 26
    • 0001358744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photochemical sources of non-thermal neutrals for the exosphere of Titan
    • Cravens T.E., Keller C.N., and Ray B. Photochemical sources of non-thermal neutrals for the exosphere of Titan. Planet. Space Sci. 45 8 (1997) 889-896
    • (1997) Planet. Space Sci. , vol.45 , Issue.8 , pp. 889-896
    • Cravens, T.E.1    Keller, C.N.2    Ray, B.3
  • 27
    • 33646839649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Composition of Titan's ionosphere
    • Cravens T.E., et al. Composition of Titan's ionosphere. Geophys. Res. Lett. 33 (2006) L07105
    • (2006) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.33
    • Cravens, T.E.1
  • 29
    • 57349150593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Model-data comparisons for Titan's nightside ionosphere
    • Cravens T.E., et al. Model-data comparisons for Titan's nightside ionosphere. Icarus 199 (2009) 174-188
    • (2009) Icarus , vol.199 , pp. 174-188
    • Cravens, T.E.1
  • 30
    • 0030308248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ablation and chemistry of meteoric materials in the atmosphere of Titan
    • English M.A., Lara L.M., Lorenz R.D., Ratcli_ P., and Rodrigo R. Ablation and chemistry of meteoric materials in the atmosphere of Titan. Adv. Space Res. 17 (1996) 157-160
    • (1996) Adv. Space Res. , vol.17 , pp. 157-160
    • English, M.A.1    Lara, L.M.2    Lorenz, R.D.3    Ratcli, P.4    Rodrigo, R.5
  • 31
    • 0001025245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exobiological implications of a possible ammonia-water ocean inside Titan
    • Fortes A.D. Exobiological implications of a possible ammonia-water ocean inside Titan. Icarus 146 (2000) 444-452
    • (2000) Icarus , vol.146 , pp. 444-452
    • Fortes, A.D.1
  • 32
    • 0035999854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reaction mechanism of soot formation in flames
    • Frencklach M. Reaction mechanism of soot formation in flames. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 4 (2002) 2028-2037
    • (2002) Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. , vol.4 , pp. 2028-2037
    • Frencklach, M.1
  • 33
    • 28644435591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In situ measurements of the physical characteristics of Titan's environment
    • Fulchignoni M., Ferri F., Angrilli F., et al. In situ measurements of the physical characteristics of Titan's environment. Nature 438 (2005) 785-791
    • (2005) Nature , vol.438 , pp. 785-791
    • Fulchignoni, M.1    Ferri, F.2    Angrilli, F.3
  • 34
    • 0000238255 scopus 로고
    • Polyhedral carbon ions in hydrocarbon flames
    • Gerhardt Ph., Löffler S., and Homann K.H. Polyhedral carbon ions in hydrocarbon flames. Chem. Phys. Lett. 137 4 (1987) 306-310
    • (1987) Chem. Phys. Lett. , vol.137 , Issue.4 , pp. 306-310
    • Gerhardt, Ph.1    Löffler, S.2    Homann, K.H.3
  • 35
    • 3242875120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electron attachment on HI and DI in a uniform supersonic flow: thermalization of the electrons
    • Goulay F., Rebrion-Rowe C., arles S., Le Garrec J.L., and Rowe B.R. Electron attachment on HI and DI in a uniform supersonic flow: thermalization of the electrons. J. Chem. Phys. 121 (2004) 1303
    • (2004) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.121 , pp. 1303
    • Goulay, F.1    Rebrion-Rowe, C.2    arles, S.3    Le Garrec, J.L.4    Rowe, B.R.5
  • 36
    • 33644784015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-temperature rate coefficients for the reaction of ethynyl radical (CH) with benzene
    • Goulay F., and Leone S.R. Low-temperature rate coefficients for the reaction of ethynyl radical (CH) with benzene. J. Phys. Chem. 110 5 (2006) 1875-1880
    • (2006) J. Phys. Chem. , vol.110 , Issue.5 , pp. 1875-1880
    • Goulay, F.1    Leone, S.R.2
  • 42
    • 70449527526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hartle, R.E., Sittler Jr., E.C., Shappirio, M.D., Johnson, R.E., Luhmann, J.G., Ledvina, S.A., Cooper, J.F., Coates, A.J., Szego, K., Burger, M.H., Simpson, D.G., Crary, F., Young, D.T., 2006c. Saturn's magnetosphere ion erosion by Titan: penetration and loss of water group ionsin upper atmosphere. EOS Trans. AGU 87 (52) Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract P13A-0161
    • Hartle, R.E., Sittler Jr., E.C., Shappirio, M.D., Johnson, R.E., Luhmann, J.G., Ledvina, S.A., Cooper, J.F., Coates, A.J., Szego, K., Burger, M.H., Simpson, D.G., Crary, F., Young, D.T., 2006c. Saturn's magnetosphere ion erosion by Titan: penetration and loss of water group ionsin upper atmosphere. EOS Trans. AGU 87 (52) Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract P13A-0161
  • 43
    • 70449519123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hartle, R.E., Sittler Jr., E.C., Lipatov, A.S., 2008. Ion escape from the ionosphere of Titan, Geophys. Res. Abstr., 10, EGU2008-A-09860, 2008, SRef-ID: 1607-7962/gra/EGU2008-A-09860, EGU General Assembly.
    • Hartle, R.E., Sittler Jr., E.C., Lipatov, A.S., 2008. Ion escape from the ionosphere of Titan, Geophys. Res. Abstr., Vol. 10, EGU2008-A-09860, 2008, SRef-ID: 1607-7962/gra/EGU2008-A-09860, EGU General Assembly.
  • 44
    • 0011523686 scopus 로고
    • Can negative molecular ions be detected in dense interstellar clouds?
    • Herbst E. Can negative molecular ions be detected in dense interstellar clouds?. Nature 289 (1981) 656
    • (1981) Nature , vol.289 , pp. 656
    • Herbst, E.1
  • 45
    • 46349111953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • nH anions in interstellar and circumstellar media
    • nH anions in interstellar and circumstellar media. Astrophys. J. 679 (2008) 1670-1679
    • (2008) Astrophys. J. , vol.679 , pp. 1670-1679
    • Herbst, E.1    Osamura, Y.2
  • 46
    • 57649119816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origin of oxygen species in Titan's atmosphere
    • doi:10.1029/2008JE003135
    • Hörst, S.M., Vuitton, V., Yelle, R.V., 2008. The origin of oxygen species in Titan's atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 113, E10006, doi:10.1029/2008JE003135.
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res , vol.113
    • Hörst, S.M.1    Vuitton, V.2    Yelle, R.V.3
  • 47
    • 0011632537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Titan's atmosphere and surface
    • Burns, J.A, Ed, University of Arizona Press, Tucson, pp
    • Hunten, D.M., 1997. Titan's atmosphere and surface. In: Burns, J.A. (Ed.), Planetary Satellites. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, pp. 420-437
    • (1997) Planetary Satellites , pp. 420-437
    • Hunten, D.M.1
  • 49
    • 0000350481 scopus 로고
    • Meteoroid ablation processes in Titan's atmosphere
    • Ip W.-H. Meteoroid ablation processes in Titan's atmosphere. Nature 345 (1990) 511-512
    • (1990) Nature , vol.345 , pp. 511-512
    • Ip, W.-H.1
  • 51
    • 30744433717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma-induced clearing and redistribution of material embedded in planetary magnetospheres
    • 10.1029/2005GL024275
    • Johnson R.E., Liu M., and Sittler Jr. E.C. Plasma-induced clearing and redistribution of material embedded in planetary magnetospheres. Geophys. Res. Lett. 32 (2005) L24201 10.1029/2005GL024275
    • (2005) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.32
    • Johnson, R.E.1    Liu, M.2    Sittler Jr., E.C.3
  • 57
    • 0000252873 scopus 로고
    • Titan: a satellite with an atmosphere
    • Kuiper G.P. Titan: a satellite with an atmosphere. Astrophys. J. 100 (1944) 378
    • (1944) Astrophys. J. , vol.100 , pp. 378
    • Kuiper, G.P.1
  • 58
    • 15944400058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vertical distribution of Titan's atmospheric neutral constituents
    • Lara L.M., Lellouch E., López-Moreno J.J., and Rodrigo R. Vertical distribution of Titan's atmospheric neutral constituents. J. Geophys. Res. 101 E10 (1996) 23261-23283
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 , Issue.E10 , pp. 23261-23283
    • Lara, L.M.1    Lellouch, E.2    López-Moreno, J.J.3    Rodrigo, R.4
  • 59
    • 37349000890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coupling photochemistry with haze formation in Titan's atmosphere: Part I: Model description
    • Lavvas P.P., Coustenis A., and Vardavas I.M. Coupling photochemistry with haze formation in Titan's atmosphere: Part I: Model description. Planet. Space Sci. 56 (2008) 27-66
    • (2008) Planet. Space Sci. , vol.56 , pp. 27-66
    • Lavvas, P.P.1    Coustenis, A.2    Vardavas, I.M.3
  • 60
    • 37349070161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coupling photochemistry with haze formation in Titan's atmosphere, Part II: Results and validation with Cassini/Huygens data
    • Lavvas P.P., Coustenis A., and Vardavas I.M. Coupling photochemistry with haze formation in Titan's atmosphere, Part II: Results and validation with Cassini/Huygens data. Planet. Space Sci. 56 (2008) 67-99
    • (2008) Planet. Space Sci. , vol.56 , pp. 67-99
    • Lavvas, P.P.1    Coustenis, A.2    Vardavas, I.M.3
  • 61
    • 34250898496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photolytically generated aerosols in the mesosphere and thermosphere of Titan
    • Liang M.-C., Yung Y.L., and Shemansky D.E. Photolytically generated aerosols in the mesosphere and thermosphere of Titan. Astrophys. J. Lett. 661 (2007) L199-L202
    • (2007) Astrophys. J. Lett. , vol.661
    • Liang, M.-C.1    Yung, Y.L.2    Shemansky, D.E.3
  • 62
    • 33846289963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryovolcanic features on Titan's surface as revealed by the Cassini Titan Radar Mapper
    • Lopes R., Mitchell K.L., Stofan E.R., et al. Cryovolcanic features on Titan's surface as revealed by the Cassini Titan Radar Mapper. Icarus 186 (2007) 395-412
    • (2007) Icarus , vol.186 , pp. 395-412
    • Lopes, R.1    Mitchell, K.L.2    Stofan, E.R.3
  • 63
    • 41149173277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Titan's rotation reveals an internal ocean and changing zonal winds
    • Lorenz R.D., et al. Titan's rotation reveals an internal ocean and changing zonal winds. Science 319 (2008) 1649-1651
    • (2008) Science , vol.319 , pp. 1649-1651
    • Lorenz, R.D.1
  • 65
    • 0020641792 scopus 로고
    • Titan: discovery of carbon monoxide in its atmosphere
    • Lutz B., de Bergh C., and Owen T. Titan: discovery of carbon monoxide in its atmosphere. Science 220 (1983) 1374-1375
    • (1983) Science , vol.220 , pp. 1374-1375
    • Lutz, B.1    de Bergh, C.2    Owen, T.3
  • 66
    • 0039860053 scopus 로고
    • The detection of interstellar methyldiacetylene (CH3C4H)
    • MacLeod J.M., Avery L.W., and Broten N.W. The detection of interstellar methyldiacetylene (CH3C4H). Astrophys. J. 282 (1984) L89-L92
    • (1984) Astrophys. J. , vol.282
    • MacLeod, J.M.1    Avery, L.W.2    Broten, N.W.3
  • 69
    • 27244438419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possibilities for methanogenic life in liquid methane on the surface of Titan
    • McKay C.P., and Smith H.D. Possibilities for methanogenic life in liquid methane on the surface of Titan. Icarus 178 1 (2005) 274-276
    • (2005) Icarus , vol.178 , Issue.1 , pp. 274-276
    • McKay, C.P.1    Smith, H.D.2
  • 70
    • 53849100025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photoinduced mechanism of formation and growth of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in low-temperature environments via successive ethynyl radical additions
    • Mebel A.M., Kislov V.V., and Kaiser R.I. Photoinduced mechanism of formation and growth of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in low-temperature environments via successive ethynyl radical additions. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130 41 (2008) 13618-13629
    • (2008) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.130 , Issue.41 , pp. 13618-13629
    • Mebel, A.M.1    Kislov, V.V.2    Kaiser, R.I.3
  • 71
    • 28844454590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy deposition of pickup ions and heating of Titan's atmosphere
    • Michael M., and Johnson R.E. Energy deposition of pickup ions and heating of Titan's atmosphere. Planet. Space Sci. 53 (2005) 1510-1514
    • (2005) Planet. Space Sci. , vol.53 , pp. 1510-1514
    • Michael, M.1    Johnson, R.E.2
  • 72
    • 17044372710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ejection of nitrogen from Titan's atmosphere by magnetospheric ions and pickup ions
    • Michael M., Johnson R.E., Leblanc F., Liu M., Luhmann J.G., and Shemantovich V.I. Ejection of nitrogen from Titan's atmosphere by magnetospheric ions and pickup ions. Icarus 175 (2005) 263-267
    • (2005) Icarus , vol.175 , pp. 263-267
    • Michael, M.1    Johnson, R.E.2    Leblanc, F.3    Liu, M.4    Luhmann, J.G.5    Shemantovich, V.I.6
  • 78
    • 33746390462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The potential for prebiotic chemistry in the possible cryovolcanic dome Ganesa Macula on Titan
    • Neish C.D., Lorenz R.D., and O'Brien D.P. The potential for prebiotic chemistry in the possible cryovolcanic dome Ganesa Macula on Titan. Int. J. Astrobiol. 5 (2006) 57-65
    • (2006) Int. J. Astrobiol. , vol.5 , pp. 57-65
    • Neish, C.D.1    Lorenz, R.D.2    O'Brien, D.P.3
  • 79
    • 58949095764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saturn's Titan: surface change, ammonia, and implications for atmospheric and tectonic activity
    • Nelson R.M., Kamp L.W., Matson D.L., et al. Saturn's Titan: surface change, ammonia, and implications for atmospheric and tectonic activity. Icarus 199 (2009) 429-441
    • (2009) Icarus , vol.199 , pp. 429-441
    • Nelson, R.M.1    Kamp, L.W.2    Matson, D.L.3
  • 82
    • 48349133053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organic lakes on Titan
    • Raulin F. Organic lakes on Titan. Nature 454 (2008) 587-589
    • (2008) Nature , vol.454 , pp. 587-589
    • Raulin, F.1
  • 86
    • 0035736577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A computational study of the mechanisms for the incorporation of a nitrogen atom into polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Titan haze
    • Ricca A., Bauschlicher Jr. C.W., and Bakes E.L.O. A computational study of the mechanisms for the incorporation of a nitrogen atom into polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Titan haze. Icarus 154 (2001) 516-521
    • (2001) Icarus , vol.154 , pp. 516-521
    • Ricca, A.1    Bauschlicher Jr., C.W.2    Bakes, E.L.O.3
  • 87
    • 0033721554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their growth to soot-a review of chemical reaction pathways
    • Richter H., and Howard J.B. Formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their growth to soot-a review of chemical reaction pathways. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 26 (2000) 565-608
    • (2000) Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. , vol.26 , pp. 565-608
    • Richter, H.1    Howard, J.B.2
  • 88
    • 0038189330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Titan's clouds from Gemini and Keck adaptive optics imaging
    • Roe H.G., de Pater I., MacIntosh B.A., and McKay C.P. Titan's clouds from Gemini and Keck adaptive optics imaging. Astrophys. J. 581 (2002) 1399-1406
    • (2002) Astrophys. J. , vol.581 , pp. 1399-1406
    • Roe, H.G.1    de Pater, I.2    MacIntosh, B.A.3    McKay, C.P.4
  • 89
    • 0002561029 scopus 로고
    • Tholins-organic chemistry of interstellar grains and gas
    • Sagan C., and Khare B.N. Tholins-organic chemistry of interstellar grains and gas. Nature 277 (1979) 102-107
    • (1979) Nature , vol.277 , pp. 102-107
    • Sagan, C.1    Khare, B.N.2
  • 90
    • 38149095719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • - toward the low-mass protostar IRAS 04368+2557 in L1527
    • - toward the low-mass protostar IRAS 04368+2557 in L1527. Astrophys. J. 667 (2007) L65-L68
    • (2007) Astrophys. J. , vol.667
    • Sakai, N.1    Sakai, T.2    Yamamoto, S.3
  • 91
    • 46349106352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • - toward the low-mass protostar IRAS 04368+2557 in L1527
    • - toward the low-mass protostar IRAS 04368+2557 in L1527. Astrophys. J. 673 (2008) L71-L74
    • (2008) Astrophys. J. , vol.673
    • Sakai, N.1    Sakai, T.2    Yamamoto, S.3
  • 99
    • 37449033673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ion and neutral sources and sinks within Saturn's inner magnetosphere: Cassini results
    • Sittler Jr. E.C., et al. Ion and neutral sources and sinks within Saturn's inner magnetosphere: Cassini results. Planet. Space Sci 56 (2008) 3-18
    • (2008) Planet. Space Sci , vol.56 , pp. 3-18
    • Sittler Jr., E.C.1
  • 102
    • 0034072164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reaction kinetics: at very low temperatures: laboratory studies and interstellar chemistry
    • Smith I.W.M., and Rowe B.R. Reaction kinetics: at very low temperatures: laboratory studies and interstellar chemistry. Acc. Chem. Res. 33 5 (2000) 261-268
    • (2000) Acc. Chem. Res. , vol.33 , Issue.5 , pp. 261-268
    • Smith, I.W.M.1    Rowe, B.R.2
  • 103
    • 33750583691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The temperature-dependence of rapid low temperature reactions: experiment, understanding and prediction
    • Smith I.W.M., Sage A.M., Donahue N.M., Herbst E., and Quan D. The temperature-dependence of rapid low temperature reactions: experiment, understanding and prediction. Faraday Discuss. 133 (2006) 137-156
    • (2006) Faraday Discuss. , vol.133 , pp. 137-156
    • Smith, I.W.M.1    Sage, A.M.2    Donahue, N.M.3    Herbst, E.4    Quan, D.5
  • 104
    • 20444446338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Release of volatiles from a possible cryovolcanio from near-infrared imaging of Titan
    • 10.1038/nature03596
    • Sotin C., Jaumann R., Buratti B.J., et al. Release of volatiles from a possible cryovolcanio from near-infrared imaging of Titan. Nature 435 (2005) 786-789 10.1038/nature03596
    • (2005) Nature , vol.435 , pp. 786-789
    • Sotin, C.1    Jaumann, R.2    Buratti, B.J.3
  • 106
    • 23544448070 scopus 로고
    • Recent studies of electron attachment and electron-ion recombination at thermal energies
    • Spanal P., and Smith D. Recent studies of electron attachment and electron-ion recombination at thermal energies. Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 4 (1995) 302-306
    • (1995) Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. , vol.4 , pp. 302-306
    • Spanal, P.1    Smith, D.2
  • 109
    • 33846072871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The lakes of Titan
    • doi:10.1038/nature05438
    • Stofan, E. R., Elachi, C., Lunine, J. I., et al., 2007. The lakes of Titan. Nature 441, 61-64, doi:10.1038/nature05438.
    • (2007) Nature , vol.441 , pp. 61-64
    • Stofan, E.R.1    Elachi, C.2    Lunine, J.I.3
  • 111
    • 0010807325 scopus 로고
    • Carbon chains and the diffuse interstellar bands
    • Tielens A.G.G.M., and Snow T.P. (Eds), Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands
    • Thaddeus P. Carbon chains and the diffuse interstellar bands. In: Tielens A.G.G.M., and Snow T.P. (Eds). The Diffuse Interstellar Bands (1995), Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands 369-378
    • (1995) The Diffuse Interstellar Bands , pp. 369-378
    • Thaddeus, P.1
  • 113
    • 18144389816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Titan's internal structure inferred from a coupled thermal-orbital model
    • Tobie G., Grasset O., Lunine J.I., Mocquet A., and Sotin C. Titan's internal structure inferred from a coupled thermal-orbital model. Icarus 175 (2005) 496-502
    • (2005) Icarus , vol.175 , pp. 496-502
    • Tobie, G.1    Grasset, O.2    Lunine, J.I.3    Mocquet, A.4    Sotin, C.5
  • 114
    • 28644450685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rain, winds and haze during Huygens probe's descent to Titan's surface
    • Tomasko M., et al. Rain, winds and haze during Huygens probe's descent to Titan's surface. Nature 438 8 (2005) 765-778
    • (2005) Nature , vol.438 , Issue.8 , pp. 765-778
    • Tomasko, M.1
  • 116
    • 35448961955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ion chemistry and N-containing molecules in Titan's upper atmosphere
    • Vuitton V., Yelle R.V., and McEwan M.J. Ion chemistry and N-containing molecules in Titan's upper atmosphere. Icarus 191 (2007) 722
    • (2007) Icarus , vol.191 , pp. 722
    • Vuitton, V.1    Yelle, R.V.2    McEwan, M.J.3
  • 117
    • 70449525291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Composition and chemistry of Titan's thermosphere and ionosphere
    • Vuitton V., Yelle R.V., and Lavvas P. Composition and chemistry of Titan's thermosphere and ionosphere. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 367 (2009) 729-741
    • (2009) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A , vol.367 , pp. 729-741
    • Vuitton, V.1    Yelle, R.V.2    Lavvas, P.3
  • 119
    • 20844454225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cassini measurements of cold plasma in the ionosphere of Titan
    • Wahlund J.-E., et al. Cassini measurements of cold plasma in the ionosphere of Titan. Science 308 (2005) 986-989
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , pp. 986-989
    • Wahlund, J.-E.1
  • 121
    • 20844448220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ion neutral mass spectrometer results from the first flyby of Titan
    • Waite J.H., et al. Ion neutral mass spectrometer results from the first flyby of Titan. Science 308 (2005) 982-986
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , pp. 982-986
    • Waite, J.H.1
  • 123
    • 53349141054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Source of Heavy Organics and Aerosols in Titan's Atmosphere. 2008
    • IAU: Organic Matter in Space, IAU Symposium and Colloquium
    • Waite Jr., J.H., Young, D.T., Coates, A.J., Crary, F.J., Magee, B.A., Mandt, K.E., Westlake, J.H., 2008. The Source of Heavy Organics and Aerosols in Titan's Atmosphere. 2008, IAU: Organic Matter in Space, IAU Symposium and Colloquium Proceedings Series, no. 251, pp. 321-326.
    • (2008) Proceedings Series , vol.251 , pp. 321-326
    • Waite Jr., J.H.1    Young, D.T.2    Coates, A.J.3    Crary, F.J.4    Magee, B.A.5    Mandt, K.E.6    Westlake, J.H.7
  • 127
    • 4444373293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current state of modeling the photochemistry of Titan's mutually dependent atmosphere and ionosphere
    • 10.1029/2003JE002181
    • Wilson E.H., and Atreya S.K. Current state of modeling the photochemistry of Titan's mutually dependent atmosphere and ionosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 109 (2004) E06002 10.1029/2003JE002181
    • (2004) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.109
    • Wilson, E.H.1    Atreya, S.K.2
  • 129
    • 0023457356 scopus 로고
    • An update of nitrile photochemistry on Titan
    • Yung Y.L. An update of nitrile photochemistry on Titan. Icarus 72 (1987) 468
    • (1987) Icarus , vol.72 , pp. 468
    • Yung, Y.L.1
  • 130
    • 4243580805 scopus 로고
    • Photochemistry of the atmosphere of Titan: comparison between model and observations
    • Yung Y.L., Allen M., and Pinto J.P. Photochemistry of the atmosphere of Titan: comparison between model and observations. Astrophys. J. Suppl. 55 (1984) 465
    • (1984) Astrophys. J. Suppl. , vol.55 , pp. 465
    • Yung, Y.L.1    Allen, M.2    Pinto, J.P.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.