A probable pollination mode before angiosperms: Eurasian, long-proboscid scorpionflies

Science

Volumn 326, Issue 5954, 2009, Pages 840-847

  Ren, Dong ^a   Labandeira, Conrad C ^b,c   Santiago Blay, Jorge A ^b,d   Rasnitsyn, Alexandr ^e,f   Shih, Chungkun ^a   Bashkuev, Alexei ^e   Logan, M Ametia V ^b   Hotton, Carol L ^b,g   Dilcher, David ^b,h  

^a CAPITAL NORMAL UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b DEPARTMENT OF PALEOBIOLOGY   (United States)

^c Bldg 142   (United States)

^d GALLAUDET UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e PALEONTOLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (Russian Federation)

^f DEPARTMENT OF LIFE SCIENCES   (United Kingdom)

^g NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH   (United States)

^h UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANGIOSPERM; COEVOLUTION; CRETACEOUS; EXTINCTION; GYMNOSPERM; HOST PLANT; INSECT; JURASSIC; MORPHOLOGY; MUTUALISM; POLLINATION; TAXONOMY;

ANGIOSPERM; ARTHROPOD LIFE CYCLE STAGE; ARTICLE; COEVOLUTION; CONIFER; CROSS POLLINATION; FERN SEED; FLY; GYMNOSPERM; INSECT; INSECT GENOME; NONHUMAN; PLANT INSECT INTERACTION; PLANT SEED; POLLINATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCORPIONFLIES; TAXONOMY;

ANIMALS; ASIA; BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; EXTINCTION, BIOLOGICAL; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; FOSSILS; GYMNOSPERMS; HEAD; INSECTS; MOUTH; POLLINATION;

COLEOPTERA; CONIFEROPHYTA; FILICOPHYTA; GINKGOOPSIDA; GNETALES; GYMNOSPERMAE; HEXAPODA; LEPIDOPTERA; MAGNOLIOPHYTA; MECOPTERA; PENTOXYLALES;

EID: 70449396963     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: 10959203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1178338     Document Type: Article

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56. This is contribution 152 of the Evolution of Terrestrial Ecosystems consortium at the National Museum of Natural History and contribution 614 of the Florida Museum of Natural History. Supported by the National Science Foundation of China (grants 30430100 and 40872022), the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (grant 5082002), and the Key and PHR Program of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education (D.R.); the Origin and Evolution of the Biosphere program of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences (A.B.); and the Intramural Research Program of the National Library of Medicine. We thank F. Marsh for drafting the figures, T. Lott for a presubmission review, P. Crane for comments, T. Rose for assistance on the geochemical analyses, J. Corrnan for collection of data, B. Wagner and R. Johnson for translations, P. Peltier for proofreading, and W. Wu for general assistance. X. Wang provided data and images for Problematospermum ovale, and D. Grimaldi of the American Museum of Natural History (New York) made an important specimen available for study.