Female terrorism: A review

Gender and Education

Volumn 21, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 499-515

  Jacques, Karen ^a   Taylor, Paul J ^a  

^a LANCASTER UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Female terrorism; Meta analysis; Motivations; Radicalization; Recruitment; Review

Indexed keywords

EID: 70449376956     PISSN: 09540253     EISSN: 13600516     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09546550902984042     Document Type: Article

References (91)

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2. Karla J. Cunningham, "Cross-Regional Trends in Female Terrorism," Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 26, no. 3 (2003): 171-195.
3. Peter J. Burgess, "Commentary," Security Dialogue 35, no. 4 (2005): 403-404.
4. Cindy D. Ness, "In the Name of the Cause: Women's Work in Secular and Religious Terrorism," Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 28, no. 5 (2005): 353-373.
5. Martyn Hammersley, "Qualitative Data A rchiving: Some Reflections on Its Prospects and Problems," Sociology 31, no. 1 (1997): 131-142.
6. Ibid. Margarete Sandelowski, Sharron Docherty, and Carolyn Emden, "Qualitative Metasynthesis: Issues and Techniques," Research in Nursing & Health 20, no. 4 (1997): 365-371.
7. Amy Knight, "Female Terrorists in the Russian Socialist Revolutionary Movement," Russian review 38, no. 2 (1979): 139-159.
8. Linda L. Reif, "Women in Latin-American Guerrilla Movements - a Comparative Perspective," Comparative Politics 18, no. 2 (1986): 147-169.
9. Daniel E. Georges-Abyeie, "Women as Terrorists," in Perspectives on Terrorism, ed. Lawrence Zelic Freedman and Yonah Alexander (Wilmington, Delaware: Scholarly Resources, 1983): 71-84.
10. Eileen MacDonald, Shoot the Women First (New York: Random House, 1991).
11. Luisella De Cataldo Neuburger and Tiziana Valentini, Women and Terrorism (London, UK: Macmillan Press Ltd, 1992).
12. Martha Crenshaw, "The Psychology of Terrorism: An Agenda for the 21st Century," Political Psychology 21, no. 2 (2000): 405-420.
13. Yoram Schweitzer, "Palestinian Female Suicide Bombers: Reality Vs. Myth," in Female Suicide Bombers: Dying for Equality? (Tel Aviv: Jaffee centre for strategic studies, 2006).
14. Rhiannon Talbot, "Myths in the Representation of Female Terrorists," Eire-Ireland 35, nos. 3-4 (2001): 165-186.
15. Andrew Silke, "The Devil You Know: Continuing Problems with Research on Terrorism," Terrorism and Political Violence 13, no. 4 (2001): 1-14.
16. Crenshaw (see note 10 above). McDonald (see note 9 above).
17. Ami Pedahzur, Arie Perliger, and Leonard Weinberg, "Altruism and Fatalism: The Characteristics of Palestinian Suicide Terrorists," Deviant Behavior: An Interdisciplinary Journal 24, no. 4 (2003): 405-423.
18. David Cook, "Women Fighting in Jihad?," Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 28, no. 5 (2005): 375-384.
19. Karen Kampwirth, Women & Guerrilla Movements: Nicaragua, El Salvador, Chiapas, Cuba (Philadelphia, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2002).
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22. Bridgette L. Nacos, "The Portrayal of Female Terrorists in the Media: Similar Framing Patterns in the News Coverage of Women in Politics and in Terrorism," Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 28, no. 5 (2005): 435-451.
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25. Sally Boniece, A, "The Spiridonova Case, 1906: Terror, Myth and Martyrdom," Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 4, no. 3 (2003): 571-606.
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27. Silke (see note 13 above).
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37. Silke (see note 13 above).
38. Alex P. Schmidt and Albert Jongman, Political Terrorism, 2nd ed. (Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts & Sciences, 1988).
39. Silke (see note 13 above).
40. Pedahzur et al. (see note 15 above).
41. Barbara Downe-Wamboldt, "Content analysis: method, applications, and issues," Health Care for Women International 13, no. 3 (1992): 313-321.
42. We also attempted to identify the third foci of papers, but found that the number of papers that could be assigned a third focus reduced significantly compared to the first and second foci analysis. The counts dropped too low to make an analysis meaningful.
43. Jayne Steel, "Vampira: Representations of the Irish Female Terrorist," Irish Studies Review 6, no. 3 (1998): 273-284.
44. Dan Berkowitz, "Suicide Bombers as Women Warriors: Making News through Mythical Archetypes," Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly 82, no. 3 (2005): 607-622.
45. Nacos (see note 20 above).
46. Berkowitz (see note 38 above).
47. Clare Bielby, "'Bonnie Und Kleid': Female Terrorists and the Hysterical Feminine," Forum 1 (2001) http://forum.llc.ed.ac.uk/issue2/bielby.pdf.
48. Patkin (see note 18 above).
49. Nacos (see note 20 above).
50. Talbot (see note 12 above).
51. Claudia Brunner, "Female Suicide Bombers - Male Suicide Bombing? Looking for Gender in Reporting The Suicide Bombings of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict," Global Security 19, no. 1 (2005): 19-48.
52. Avi Issacharoff, "The Palestinian and Israeli Media on Female Suicide Terrorists," in Female Suicide Bombers: Dying for Equality? (Tel Aviv: Jaffee centre for strategic studies, 2006).
53. Issacharoff (see note 45 above).
54. Anat Berko and Edna Erez, "Women in Terrorism: A Palestinian Feminist Revolution or Gender Oppresion?" (ICT, 2006).
55. Robin Morgan, The Demon Lover (New York: W. W. Norton, 1989).
56. Berko & Erez (see note 47 above).
57. Miranda Alison, "Women as Agents of Political Violence: Gendering Security," Security Dialogue 35, no. 4 (2004): 447-463.
58. Caron Gentry, "The Relationship between New Social Movement Theory and Terrorism Studies: The Role of Leadership, Membership, Ideology and Gender," Terrorism and Political Violence 16, no. 2 (2004): 274-293.
59. Jessica West, "Feminist Ir and the Case of the 'Black Widows': Reproducing Gendered Divisions," Innovations: A Journal of Politics 5 (2004): 1-16.
60. Gentry (see note 50 above).
61. Alison (see note 50 above).
62. McDonald (see note 9 above).
63. Miranda Alison, "Cogs in the Wheel? Women in the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam," Civil Wars 6, no. 4 (2003): 37-54.
64. Kampwirth (see note 17 above).
65. Karla J. Cunningham, "Countering Female Terrorism," Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 30, no. 2 (2007): 113-129.
66. Ness (see note 3 above).
67. Jacques & Taylor (see note 24 above).
68. P. L. Griest and S. Mahon, "Women as Terrorists," in Terrorism in Perspective, ed. P. L. Griest and S. Mahon (London, UK: Sage, 2003): 157-189.
69. For a definition of liberatory nationalism see Alison (note 54 above).
70. Margaret Gonzalez-Perez, "Guerrilleras in Latin America: Domestic and International Roles," Journal of Peace Research 43, no. 3 (2006): 313-329.
71. Blee (see note 22 above).
72. Schweitzer (see note 11 above). Barbara Victor, Army of Roses (London, UK: Robinson, 2004).
73. Ness (see note 3 above).
74. Alison (see note 54 above).
75. Zedalis (see note 1 above).
76. Adam Dolnik, "Critical Commentary on 'Who Are the Palestinian Suicide Bombers?"' Terrorism and Political Violence 16, no. 4 (2004): 845-848.
77. Schweitzer (see note 11 above).
78. Zedalis (see note 1 above).
79. Brunner (see note 45 above).
80. Blee (see note 22 above).
81. Berko & Erez (see note 47 above).
82. Ness (see note 3 above).
83. Victor (see note 63 above).
84. Alvanou (see note 19 above).
85. Cunningham (see note 56 above).
86. Silke (see note 13 above).
87. Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss, The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research (Chicago: Aldine, 1967).
88. Jacques & Taylor (see note 24 above).
89. Paul Taylor, Karen Jacques, Ellen Giebels, Mark Levine, Rachel Best, and Gina Rossi, "Analysing Forensic Processes: Taking Time into Account," Issues in Forensic Psychology 8 (2008): 45-57.
90. Jacques & Taylor (see note 24 above).
91. Silke (see note 13 above).