-
1
-
-
0039413511
-
Joblessness, family disruption, and violent death in Chicago, 1970-90
-
Almgren, G., Guest, A., Immerwahl, G., & Spittel, M. 1998 Joblessness, family disruption, and violent death in Chicago, 1970-1990. Social Forces, 76, 1465-1493. (Pubitemid 128367985)
-
(1998)
Social Forces
, vol.76
, Issue.4
, pp. 1465-1493
-
-
Almgren, G.1
Guest, A.2
Immerwahr, G.3
Spittel, M.4
-
4
-
-
0034067714
-
Racial disparity in arrest rates as an explanation of racial disparity in commitment to pennsylvania prisons
-
Austin, R. L., & Allen, M. D. 2000 Racial disparity in arrest rates as an explanation of racial disparity in commitment to Pennsylvania prisons. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 37 (2), 200-220.
-
(2000)
Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency
, vol.37
, Issue.2
, pp. 200-220
-
-
Austin, R.L.1
Allen, M.D.2
-
5
-
-
0031874985
-
The influence of crack cocaine on robbery, burglary, and homicide rates: A cross-city, longitudinal analysis
-
Baumer, E., Lauritsen, J. L., Rosenfeld, R., & Wright, R. 1998 The influence of crack cocaine on robbery, burglary, and homicide rates: A cross-city, longitudinal analysis. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 35 (3), 316-340.
-
(1998)
Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency
, vol.35
, Issue.3
, pp. 316-340
-
-
Baumer, E.1
Lauritsen, J.L.2
Rosenfeld, R.3
Wright, R.4
-
6
-
-
0026060635
-
Criminal justice responses to crack
-
Belenko, S., Fagan, J., & Chin, K. 1991 Criminal justice responses to crack. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 28 (1), 55-74.
-
(1991)
Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency
, vol.28
, Issue.1
, pp. 55-74
-
-
Belenko, S.1
Fagan, J.2
Chin, K.3
-
7
-
-
0037828075
-
Code switching and inverse imitation among marijuana-using crack sellers
-
Benoit, E., Randolph, D., Dunlap, E., & Johnson, B. D. 2003 Code switching and inverse imitation among marijuana-using crack sellers. British Journal of Criminology, 43, 506-525.
-
(2003)
British Journal of Criminology
, vol.43
, pp. 506-525
-
-
Benoit, E.1
Randolph, D.2
Dunlap, E.3
Johnson, B.D.4
-
8
-
-
27544508320
-
Code of the street: A quantitative assessment of elijah anderson's subculture of violence thesis and its contribution to youth violence research
-
Brezina, T., Agnew, R., Cullen, F. T., & Wright, J. P. 2004 Code of the street: A quantitative assessment of Elijah Anderson's subculture of violence thesis and its contribution to youth violence research. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2 (4), 303-328.
-
(2004)
Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice: An Interdisciplinary Journal
, vol.2
, Issue.4
, pp. 303-328
-
-
Brezina, T.1
Agnew, R.2
Cullen, F.T.3
Wright, J.P.4
-
9
-
-
41549111368
-
Young African-American women, the street code, and violence: An exploratory analysis
-
Brunson, R. K., & Stewart, E. A. 2006 Young African-American women, the street code, and violence: An exploratory analysis. Journal of Crime and Justice, 29 (1), 1-19.
-
(2006)
Journal of Crime and Justice
, vol.29
, Issue.1
, pp. 1-19
-
-
Brunson, R.K.1
Stewart, E.A.2
-
10
-
-
0040732943
-
-
Bureau of Justice Statistics, Executive Summary. Washington, D. C
-
Bureau of Justice Statistics 1996 Correctional Population in the U. S., 1994. Executive Summary. Washington, D. C.
-
(1996)
Correctional Population in the U. S., 1994
-
-
-
11
-
-
0003934157
-
-
Bureau of Justice Statistics, Washington, D. C
-
Bureau of Justice Statistics 2001 Prisoners in 2000. Washington, D. C.
-
(2001)
Prisoners in 2000
-
-
-
12
-
-
0023775942
-
Social disorganization and theories of crime and delinquency: Problems and prospects
-
Bursik, Robert, J. Jr. 1988 Social disorganization and theories of crime and delinquency: Problems and prospects. Criminology, 26, 519-551.
-
(1988)
Criminology
, vol.26
, pp. 519-551
-
-
Bursik, R.J.J.1
-
14
-
-
1042272394
-
-
2nd ICPSR version, Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts producer, 2000. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research distributor
-
Chilton, R., & Weber, D. 2000 Uniform crime reporting program [United States]: Arrests by age, sex, and race for police agencies in metropolitan statistical areas, 1960-1997 [Computer file]. 2nd ICPSR version. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts [producer], 2000. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor].
-
(2000)
Uniform Crime Reporting Program [United States]: Arrests by age, Sex, and Race for Police Agencies in Metropolitan Statistical Areas, 1960-1997 [Computer File]
-
-
Chilton, R.1
Weber, D.2
-
15
-
-
79957604477
-
Property crime rates in the united states: A macrodynamic analysis, 1947-1977, with ex ante forecasts for the mid-1980s
-
Cohen, L. E., Felson, M., & Land, K. C. 1980 Property crime rates in the United States: A macrodynamic analysis, 1947-1977, with ex ante forecasts for the mid-1980s. American Journal of Sociology, 86 (1), 90-118.
-
(1980)
American Journal of Sociology
, vol.86
, Issue.1
, pp. 90-118
-
-
Cohen, L.E.1
Felson, M.2
Land, K.C.3
-
16
-
-
0033270894
-
Examining space-time interaction in city-level homicide data: Crack markets and the diffusion of guns among youth
-
Cork, D. 1999 Examining space-time interaction in city-level homicide data: Crack markets and the diffusion of guns among youth. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 15 (4), 379-388.
-
(1999)
Journal of Quantitative Criminology
, vol.15
, Issue.4
, pp. 379-388
-
-
Cork, D.1
-
17
-
-
0036967675
-
Racial threat and social control: A test of the political, economic, and threat of black crime hypotheses
-
Eitle, D., D'Alessio, S. J., & Stolzenberg, L. 2002 Racial threat and social control: A test of the political, economic, and threat of black crime hypotheses. Social Forces, 81 (2), 557-576.
-
(2002)
Social Forces
, vol.81
, Issue.2
, pp. 557-576
-
-
Eitle, D.1
D'Alessio, S.J.2
Stolzenberg, L.3
-
18
-
-
0001779896
-
Drug selling and licit income in distressed neighborhoods: The economic lives of street-level drug users and sellers
-
V. Harrell and G. E. Peterson Eds., Washington, D. C.: Urban Institute
-
Fagan, J. 1992 Drug selling and licit income in distressed neighborhoods: The economic lives of street-level drug users and sellers. In V. Harrell and G. E. Peterson (Eds.), Drugs, crime and social isolation: Barriers to urban opportunity. (99-146) Washington, D. C.: Urban Institute.
-
(1992)
Drugs, Crime and Social Isolation: Barriers to Urban Opportunity
, pp. 99-146
-
-
Fagan, J.1
-
19
-
-
0001022586
-
Guns, youth violence, and social identity in inner cities
-
Fagan, J., & Wilkinson, D. 1998 Guns, youth violence, and social identity in inner cities. Crime and Justice, 24, 105-188.
-
(1998)
Crime and Justice
, vol.24
, pp. 105-188
-
-
Fagan, J.1
Wilkinson, D.2
-
20
-
-
0039712926
-
Wage inequality and criminal activity: An extreme bounds analysis for the united states, 1975-1990
-
Fowles, R., & Merva, M. 1996 Wage inequality and criminal activity: An extreme bounds analysis for the United States, 1975-1990. Criminology, 34 (2), 163-182.
-
(1996)
Criminology
, vol.34
, Issue.2
, pp. 163-182
-
-
Fowles, R.1
Merva, M.2
-
21
-
-
0004296209
-
-
Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc
-
Greene, W. H. 1996 Econometric analysis. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
-
(1996)
Econometric Analysis
-
-
Greene, W.H.1
-
24
-
-
0040709341
-
Interracial conflict and interracial homicide: Do political and economic rivalries explain white killings of blacks or black killings of whites?
-
Jacobs, D., & Wood, K. 1999 Interracial conflict and interracial homicide: Do political and economic rivalries explain white killings of blacks or black killings of whites? American Journal of Sociology, 105, 157-190.
-
(1999)
American Journal of Sociology
, vol.105
, pp. 157-190
-
-
Jacobs, D.1
Wood, K.2
-
25
-
-
0002376549
-
Drug abuse in the inner city: Impact of hard drugs users and the community
-
In Michael Tonry & James Q. Wilson Eds., Chicago: University of Chicago Press
-
Johnson, B. D., Williams, T., K. Dei, & Sanabria, H. 1990 Drug abuse in the inner city: Impact of hard drugs users and the community. In Michael Tonry & James Q. Wilson (Eds.), Drugs and crime. (313-371) Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
-
(1990)
Drugs and Crime
, pp. 313-371
-
-
Johnson, B.D.1
Williams, T.2
Dei, K.3
Sanabria, H.4
-
26
-
-
84926274510
-
Entry-level jobs, mobility, and urban minority unemployment
-
Kasarda, J. D. 1983 Entry-level jobs, mobility, and urban minority unemployment. Urban Affairs Quarterly, 19, 21-40.
-
(1983)
Urban Affairs Quarterly
, vol.19
, pp. 21-40
-
-
Kasarda, J.D.1
-
27
-
-
0003202327
-
The severely distressed in economically transforming cities
-
Adele V. Harrell and George E. Peterson Eds., The Urban Institute
-
Kasarda, J. D. 1992 The severely distressed in economically transforming cities. In Adele V. Harrell and George E. Peterson (Eds.), Drugs, crime, and social isolation: Barriers to urban opportunity. (45-97) The Urban Institute.
-
(1992)
Drugs, Crime, and Social Isolation: Barriers to Urban Opportunity
, pp. 45-97
-
-
Kasarda, J.D.1
-
28
-
-
0030316814
-
Extremely disadvantaged neighborhoods and urban crime
-
Krivo, L., & Peterson, R. D. 1996 Extremely disadvantaged neighborhoods and urban crime. Social Forces, 75, 619-648. (Pubitemid 28233554)
-
(1996)
Social Forces
, vol.75
, Issue.2
, pp. 619-648
-
-
Krivo, L.J.1
Peterson, R.D.2
-
29
-
-
24144445434
-
Gangstas, thugs, and hustlas: Identity and the code of the street in rap music
-
Kubrin, C. E. 2005 Gangstas, thugs, and hustlas: Identity and the code of the street in rap music. Social Problems, 52 (3), 360-378.
-
(2005)
Social Problems
, vol.52
, Issue.3
, pp. 360-378
-
-
Kubrin, C.E.1
-
30
-
-
0037841793
-
Retaliatory homicide: Concentrated disadvantage and neighborhood culture
-
Kubrin, C. E., & Weitzer, R. 2003 Retaliatory homicide: Concentrated disadvantage and neighborhood culture. Social Problems, 50, 157-180.
-
(2003)
Social Problems
, vol.50
, pp. 157-180
-
-
Kubrin, C.E.1
Weitzer, R.2
-
31
-
-
84936823497
-
Structural covariates of homicide rates: Are there any invariances across time and social space?
-
Land, K. C., McCall, P. L., & Cohen, L. E. 1990 Structural covariates of homicide rates: Are there any invariances across time and social space? American Journal of Sociology, 95 (4), 922-963.
-
(1990)
American Journal of Sociology
, vol.95
, Issue.4
, pp. 922-963
-
-
Land, K.C.1
McCall, P.L.2
Cohen, L.E.3
-
32
-
-
0035437973
-
Size matters: Examining the link between small manufacturing, socioeconomic deprivation and crime rates in nonmetropolitan communities
-
Lee, M. R., & Ousey, G. 2001 Size matters: Examining the link between small manufacturing, socioeconomic deprivation and crime rates in nonmetropolitan communities. Sociological Quarterly, 42 (4), 581-602.
-
(2001)
Sociological Quarterly
, vol.42
, Issue.4
, pp. 581-602
-
-
Lee, M.R.1
Ousey, G.2
-
34
-
-
84935444925
-
Social structures and crime control among macrosocial units
-
Liska, A. E., & Chamlin, M. B. 1984 Social structures and crime control among macrosocial units. American Journal of Sociology, 90, 388-95.
-
(1984)
American Journal of Sociology
, vol.90
, pp. 388-395
-
-
Liska, A.E.1
Chamlin, M.B.2
-
35
-
-
0000937159
-
Perspectives on the legal order: The capacity for social control
-
Liska, A. E., Lawrence, J. J., & Benson, M. 1981 Perspectives on the legal order: The capacity for social control. American Journal of Sociology, 87, 413-26.
-
(1981)
American Journal of Sociology
, vol.87
, pp. 413-426
-
-
Liska, A.E.1
Lawrence, J.J.2
Benson, M.3
-
36
-
-
0037412761
-
An application of social conflict theory to arrestee's use of cocaine and opiates
-
Lo, C. 2003 An application of social conflict theory to arrestee's use of cocaine and opiates. Journal of Drug Issues, 33 (1), 237-266.
-
(2003)
Journal of Drug Issues
, vol.33
, Issue.1
, pp. 237-266
-
-
Lo, C.1
-
38
-
-
5644232395
-
-
Crime Policy Report. Washington, D. C.: The Urban Institute State Policy Center
-
Lynch, J., & Sabol, W. 1997 Did getting tougher on crime pay? Crime Policy Report. Washington, D. C.: The Urban Institute State Policy Center.
-
(1997)
Did Getting Tougher on Crime pay?
-
-
Lynch, J.1
Sabol, W.2
-
40
-
-
84935428440
-
The ecology of inequality: Minorities and the concentration of poverty, 1970-1980
-
Massey, D. S., & Eggers, M. L. 1990 The ecology of inequality: Minorities and the concentration of poverty, 1970-1980. American Journal of Sociology, 95, 1153-1188.
-
(1990)
American Journal of Sociology
, vol.95
, pp. 1153-1188
-
-
Massey, D.S.1
Eggers, M.L.2
-
41
-
-
0001539556
-
Segregation, the concentration of poverty, and the life chances of individuals
-
Massey, D. S., Gross, A. B., & Eggers, M. L. 1991 Segregation, the concentration of poverty, and the life chances of individuals. Social Science Research, 20, 397-420.
-
(1991)
Social Science Research
, vol.20
, pp. 397-420
-
-
Massey, D.S.1
Gross, A.B.2
Eggers, M.L.3
-
42
-
-
0028575596
-
Migration, segregation, andthegeographicconcentrationofpoverty
-
Massey, D. S., Gross, A. B., & Shibuya, K. 1994 Migration, segregation, andthegeographicconcentrationofpoverty. American Sociological Review, 59, 425-445.
-
(1994)
American Sociological Review
, vol.59
, pp. 425-445
-
-
Massey, D.S.1
Gross, A.B.2
Shibuya, K.3
-
43
-
-
12944259444
-
Explaining racial and ethnic differences in adolescent violence: Structural disadvantage, family well-being, and social capital
-
McNulty, T. L., & Bellair, P. E. 2003 Explaining racial and ethnic differences in adolescent violence: Structural disadvantage, family well-being, and social capital. Justice Quarterly, 20 (1), 1-31.
-
(2003)
Justice Quarterly
, vol.20
, Issue.1
, pp. 1-31
-
-
McNulty, T.L.1
Bellair, P.E.2
-
44
-
-
27644451549
-
The legacy of lynching and southern homicide
-
Messner, S., Bailer, R., & Zevenbergen, M. 2005 The legacy of lynching and southern homicide. American Sociological Review, 70, 633-655.
-
(2005)
American Sociological Review
, vol.70
, pp. 633-655
-
-
Messner, S.1
Bailer, R.2
Zevenbergen, M.3
-
45
-
-
23044522170
-
Predicting drug arrest rates: Conflict and social disorganization perspectives
-
Mosher, C. 2001 Predicting drug arrest rates: Conflict and social disorganization perspectives. Crime and Delinquency, 47 (1), 84-104.
-
(2001)
Crime and Delinquency
, vol.47
, Issue.1
, pp. 84-104
-
-
Mosher, C.1
-
46
-
-
0025529665
-
The political context of competition: Lynching and urban racial violence, 1882-1914
-
Olzak, S. 1990 The political context of competition: Lynching and urban racial violence, 1882-1914. Social Forces, 69, 395-421.
-
(1990)
Social Forces
, vol.69
, pp. 395-421
-
-
Olzak, S.1
-
47
-
-
0242678538
-
Now you see it, now you don't: Why do real estate agents withhold available houses from black customers?
-
Ondrich, J., Ross, S., & Yinger, J. 2003 Now you see it, now you don't: Why do real estate agents withhold available houses from black customers? The Review of Economics and Statistics, 85, 854-873.
-
(2003)
The Review of Economics and Statistics
, vol.85
, pp. 854-873
-
-
Ondrich, J.1
Ross, S.2
Yinger, J.3
-
48
-
-
0034419145
-
Poisson-based regression analysis of aggregated crime rates
-
Osgood, D. W. 2000 Poisson-based regression analysis of aggregated crime rates. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 16, 21-44.
-
(2000)
Journal of Quantitative Criminology
, vol.16
, pp. 21-44
-
-
Osgood, D.W.1
-
49
-
-
0346423495
-
Social disorganization outside the metropolis: An analysis of rural youth violence
-
Osgood, D. W., & Chambers, J. M. 2000 Social disorganization outside the metropolis: An analysis of rural youth violence. Criminology, 38, 81-115.
-
(2000)
Criminology
, vol.38
, pp. 81-115
-
-
Osgood, D.W.1
Chambers, J.M.2
-
50
-
-
0036463291
-
Examining the conditional nature of illicit drug market-homicide relationship: A partial test of the theory of contingent causation
-
Ousey, G., & Lee, M. R. 2002 Examining the conditional nature of illicit drug market-homicide relationship: A partial test of the theory of contingent causation. Criminology, 40, 73-102.
-
(2002)
Criminology
, vol.40
, pp. 73-102
-
-
Ousey, G.1
Lee, M.R.2
-
51
-
-
5344272589
-
Investigating the connections between race, illicit drug markets, and lethal violence: 1984-1997
-
Ousey, G., & Lee, M. R. 2004 Investigating the connections between race, illicit drug markets, and lethal violence: 1984-1997. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 41 (4), 352-383.
-
(2004)
Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency
, vol.41
, Issue.4
, pp. 352-383
-
-
Ousey, G.1
Lee, M.R.2
-
52
-
-
0039374814
-
Structural conditions and racial homicide patterns: A look at the multiple disadvantages in urban areas
-
Parker, K. F., & McCall, P. L. 1999 Structural conditions and racial homicide patterns: A look at the multiple disadvantages in urban areas. Criminology, 37 (3), 447-473.
-
(1999)
Criminology
, vol.37
, Issue.3
, pp. 447-473
-
-
Parker, K.F.1
McCall, P.L.2
-
53
-
-
31144441404
-
Racial threat, concentrated disadvantage and social control: Considering the macro-level sources of variation in arrests
-
Parker, K. F., Stults, B. J., & Rice, S. K. 2005 Racial threat, concentrated disadvantage and social control: Considering the macro-level sources of variation in arrests. Criminology, 43 (4), 1111-1134.
-
(2005)
Criminology
, vol.43
, Issue.4
, pp. 1111-1134
-
-
Parker, K.F.1
Stults, B.J.2
Rice, S.K.3
-
54
-
-
33748777660
-
Assessing macro-level predictors and theories of crime: A meta-analysis
-
Pratt, T. C., & Cullen, F. T. 2005 Assessing macro-level predictors and theories of crime: A meta-analysis. Crime and Justice: A Review of Research, 32, 373-450.
-
(2005)
Crime and Justice: A Review of Research
, vol.32
, pp. 373-450
-
-
Pratt, T.C.1
Cullen, F.T.2
-
55
-
-
0011472735
-
-
New York: Little, Brown
-
Quinney, R. 1979 Criminology. New York: Little, Brown.
-
(1979)
Criminology
-
-
Quinney, R.1
-
56
-
-
0013486797
-
Incarceration, social capital and crime: Implications for social disorganization theory
-
Rose, D., & Clear, T. 1998 Incarceration, social capital and crime: Implications for social disorganization theory. Criminology, 36, 441-479. (Pubitemid 128353337)
-
(1998)
Criminology
, vol.36
, Issue.3
, pp. 441-479
-
-
Rose, D.R.1
Clear, T.R.2
-
57
-
-
0000612912
-
Are arrest statistics a valid measure of illicit drug use? The relationship between criminal justice and public health indicators of cocaine, heroin, and marijuana use
-
Rosenfeld, R., & Decker, S. H. 1999 Are arrest statistics a valid measure of illicit drug use? The relationship between criminal justice and public health indicators of cocaine, heroin, and marijuana use. Justice Quarterly, 16 (3), 685-699.
-
(1999)
Justice Quarterly
, vol.16
, Issue.3
, pp. 685-699
-
-
Rosenfeld, R.1
Decker, S.H.2
-
58
-
-
84936824191
-
Urban black violence: The effect of male joblessness and family disruption
-
Sampson, R. J. 1987 Urban black violence: The effect of male joblessness and family disruption. American Journal of Sociology, 93 (2), 348-382.
-
(1987)
American Journal of Sociology
, vol.93
, Issue.2
, pp. 348-382
-
-
Sampson, R.J.1
-
59
-
-
84900900445
-
Cultural mechanisms and killing fields: A revised theory of communitylevel racial inequality
-
In Ruth Peterson, Lauren Krivo, and John Hagan Eds., New York: New York University Press
-
Sampson, R. J., & Bean, L. 2006 Cultural mechanisms and killing fields: A revised theory of communitylevel racial inequality. In Ruth Peterson, Lauren Krivo, and John Hagan (Eds.), The many colors of crime: Inequalities of race, ethnicity and crime in America. New York: New York University Press.
-
(2006)
The Many Colors of Crime: Inequalities of Race, Ethnicity and Crime in America
-
-
Sampson, R.J.1
Bean, L.2
-
60
-
-
84936089189
-
Community structure and crime: Testing social-disorganization theory
-
Sampson, R. J., & Groves, W. B. 1989 Community structure and crime: Testing social-disorganization theory. American Journal of Sociology, 94, 774-802.
-
(1989)
American Journal of Sociology
, vol.94
, pp. 774-802
-
-
Sampson, R.J.1
Groves, W.B.2
-
61
-
-
0039572075
-
Systematic social observation of public spaces: A new look at disorder in urban neighborhoods
-
Sampson, R. J., & Raudenbush, S. W. 1999 Systematic social observation of public spaces: A new look at disorder in urban neighborhoods. American Journal of Sociology, 105 (3), 603-651.
-
(1999)
American Journal of Sociology
, vol.105
, Issue.3
, pp. 603-651
-
-
Sampson, R.J.1
Raudenbush, S.W.2
-
62
-
-
0002387331
-
Toward a theory of race, crime, and urban inequality
-
In John Hagan and Ruth Peterson Eds., Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press
-
Sampson, R. J., & Wilson, W. J. 1995 Toward a theory of race, crime, and urban inequality. In John Hagan and Ruth Peterson (Eds.), Crime and Inequality. (37-56) Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
-
(1995)
Crime and Inequality
, pp. 37-56
-
-
Sampson, R.J.1
Wilson, W.J.2
-
63
-
-
0030432194
-
Segregation and crime: The effect of black isolation on the rates of black urban violence
-
Shihadeh, E. S., & Flynn, N. 1996 Segregation and crime: The effect of black isolation on the rates of black urban violence. Social Forces, 74 (4), 1325-1352.
-
(1996)
Social Forces
, vol.74
, Issue.4
, pp. 1325-1352
-
-
Shihadeh, E.S.1
Flynn, N.2
-
64
-
-
0028560637
-
The effects of economic inequality and family disruption on urban black violence: Cities as units of stratification and social control
-
Shihadeh, E. S., & Steffensmeier, D. J. 1994 The effects of economic inequality and family disruption on urban black violence: Cities as units of stratification and social control. Social Forces, 73, 729-751.
-
(1994)
Social Forces
, vol.73
, pp. 729-751
-
-
Shihadeh, E.S.1
Steffensmeier, D.J.2
-
65
-
-
33644585065
-
Structure and culture in African-American adolescent violence: A partial test of the "code of the street" thesis
-
Stewart, E. A., & Simons, R. L. 2006 Structure and culture in African-American adolescent violence: A partial test of the "Code of the Street" thesis. Justice Quarterly, 23 (1), 1-33.
-
(2006)
Justice Quarterly
, vol.23
, Issue.1
, pp. 1-33
-
-
Stewart, E.A.1
Simons, R.L.2
-
66
-
-
5644299363
-
A multilevel test of racial threat theory
-
Stolzenberg, L., D'Alessio, S. J., & Eitle, D. 2004 A multilevel test of racial threat theory. Criminology, 42 (3), 673-698.
-
(2004)
Criminology
, vol.42
, Issue.3
, pp. 673-698
-
-
Stolzenberg, L.1
D'Alessio, S.J.2
Eitle, D.3
-
67
-
-
84935639181
-
Minority concentration and earnings inequality: Blacks, hispanics, and asians compared
-
Tienda, M., & Lii, D. 1987 Minority concentration and earnings inequality: Blacks, Hispanics, and Asians compared. American Journal of Sociology, 93, 141-165.
-
(1987)
American Journal of Sociology
, vol.93
, pp. 141-165
-
-
Tienda, M.1
Lii, D.2
-
68
-
-
0004256241
-
-
New York: Oxford University Press
-
Tonry, M. 1995 Malign Neglect. New York: Oxford University Press.
-
(1995)
Malign Neglect
-
-
Tonry, M.1
-
70
-
-
9544250367
-
The social ecology of rural violence: Land scarcity, the organization of agricultural production, and the presence of the state
-
Villarreal, A. 2004 The social ecology of rural violence: Land scarcity, the organization of agricultural production, and the presence of the state. The American Journal of Sociology, 110, 313-348.
-
(2004)
The American Journal of Sociology
, vol.110
, pp. 313-348
-
-
Villarreal, A.1
-
71
-
-
0037405761
-
Neighborhood drug arrest rates: Are they a meaningful indicator of drug activity? a research note
-
Warner, B. D., & Coomer, B. W. 2003 Neighborhood drug arrest rates: Are they a meaningful indicator of drug activity? A research note. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 40 (2), 123-138.
-
(2003)
Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency
, vol.40
, Issue.2
, pp. 123-138
-
-
Warner, B.D.1
Coomer, B.W.2
-
75
-
-
0001837590
-
Poverty and family structure: The widening gap between evidence and public policy Issues
-
In S. Danziger and D. Weinberg Eds., Harvard University Press
-
Wilson, W. J., & Neckerman, K. 1985 Poverty and family structure: The widening gap between evidence and public policy issues. In S. Danziger and D. Weinberg (Eds.), Fighting poverty: What works and what doesn 't. Harvard University Press.
-
(1985)
Fighting Poverty: What Works and What Doesn 't
-
-
Wilson, W.J.1
Neckerman, K.2
|