Now you see it, now you don't: Why do real estate agents withhold available houses from black customers?

Review of Economics and Statistics

Volumn 85, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 854-873

  Ondrich, Jan ^a   Ross, Stephen ^b   Yinger, John ^a  

^a SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0242678538     PISSN: 00346535     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1162/003465303772815772     Document Type: Review

References (37)

1. Akaike, H., "Information Theory and an Extension of the Maximum Likelihood Principle," in B. Petrov and F. Coake (Eds.), Second International Symposium on Information Theory (Budapest: Akademiai Kiado, 1973).
2. Arrow, Kenneth, "The Theory of Discrimination" (pp. 3-33), in O. Ashenfelter and A. Rees (Eds.), Discrimination in Labor Markets (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1972).
3. Becker, Gary S., The Economics of Discrimination, 2nd ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1971).
4. Boersch-Supan, Axel, Econometric Analysis of Discrete Choice (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1987).
5. Cain, Glen G., "The Economic Analysis of Labor Market Discrimination: A Survey" (pp. 693-785), in O. Ashenfelter and R. Layard (Eds.), Handbook of Labor Economics, volume 1 (New York: Elsevier Science Publishers, 1986).
6. Courant, Paul N., "Racial Prejudice in a Search Model of the Urban Housing Market," Journal of Urban Economics 5 (July 1978), 329-345.
7. Fix, Michael, George C. Galster, and Raymond J. Struyk, "Introduction" (pp. 1-68), in M. Fix and R. J. Struyk (Eds.), Clear and Convincing Evidence: Testing for Discrimination in America (Washington, DC: The Urban Institute Press, 1993).
8. Foster, Angela Williams, Faith Mitchell, and Stephen E. Fienberg, Measuring Housing Discrimination in a National Study: Report of a Workshop (Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002).
9. Galster, George C., "Racial Steering by Real Estate Agents: Mechanisms and Motives," Review of Black Political Economy 19 (Summer 1990), 39-63.
10. Galster, George C., Fred Freiberg, and Diane Houk, "Racial Differences in Real Estate Advertising Practices; An Exploratory Analysis, " Journal of Urban Affairs 9 (1987), 99-215.
11. Goering, John M., and Ron Wienk (Eds.), Mortgage Lending, Racial Discrimination, and Federal Policy (Washington DC: The Urban Institute Press, 1996).
12. Heckman, James J., and Peter Siegelman, "The Urban Institute Studies: Their Methods and Findings," in M. Fix and R. Struyk (Eds.), Clear and Convincing Evidence: Testing for Discrimination in America (Washington, DC: The Urban Institute Press, 1993).
13. Heckman, James J., and Burton Singer, "A Method for Minimizing the Impact of Distributional Assumptions in Econometric Models for Duration Data," Econometrica 52 (1984), 271-320.
14. Kenny, G. M., and D. A. Wissoker, "An Analysis of the Correlates of Discrimination Facing Young Hispanic Job-Seekers," American Economic Review 84 (June 1994), 674-683.
15. Ladd, Helen F., "Evidence on Discrimination in Mortgage Lending," Journal of Economic Perspective 12 (Spring 1998), 41-62.
16. Munnell, Alicia H., Geoffrey M. B. Tootell, Lynn E. Browne, and James McEneaney, "Mortgage Lending in Boston: Interpreting HMDA Data," American Economic Review 86:1 (1996), 25-53.
17. Newburger, Harriet, "Sources of Difference in Information Used by Black and White Housing Seekers: An Exploratory Analysis," Urban Studies 32 (April 1995), 445-450.
18. Ondrich, Jan, Stephen Ross, and John Yinger, "How Common is Housing Discrimination? Improving on Traditional Measures," Journal of Urban Economics 47 (May 2000), 470-500.
19. _, "Geography of Housing Discrimination," Journal of Housing Research 12:2 (2001), 217-238.
20. Ondrich, Jan, Alex Stricker, and John Yinger, "Do Real Estate Agents Choose to Discriminate? Evidence from the 1989 Housing Discrimination Study," Southern Economic Journal 64 (April 1998), 880-901.
21. _, "Do Landlords Discriminate? The Incidence and Causes of Racial Discrimination in Rental Housing Markets," Journal of Housing Economics 8: 3 (1999), 185-204.
22. Page, Marianne, "Racial and Ethnic Discrimination in Urban Housing Markets: Evidence from a Recent Audit Study," Journal of Urban Economics 2 (September 1995), 183-206.
23. Phelps, Edmund S., "The Statistical Theory of Racism and Sexism," American Economic Review 62 (1972), 659-661.
24. Ross, Stephen, and Geoffrey Tootell, "Redlining, the Community Reinvestment Act, and Private Mortgage Insurance," Journal of Urban Economics (forthcoming).
25. Ross, Stephen, and John Yinger, The Color of Credit: Mortgage Discrimination, Research Methodology, and Fair-Lending Policy Enforcement (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2002).
26. Roychoudhury, Canopy, and Allen C. Goodman, "An Ordered Probit Model for Estimating Racial Discrimination through Fair Housing Audits," Journal of Housing Economics 2 (December 1992), 358-373.
27. _, "Evidence of Racial Discrimination in Different Dimensions of Owner-Occupied Housing Search," Real Estate Economics 24:2 (1996), 161-178.
28. Shill, Michael H., and Susan M. Wachter, "A Tale of Two Cities: Racial and Ethnic Geographic Disparities in Home Mortgage Lending," Journal of Housing Research 4:2 (1993), 245-275.
29. Trussell, James, and Toni Richards, "Correcting for Unmeasured Heterogeneity in Hazard Models Using the Heckman-Singer Procedure," Sociological Methodology (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1985).
30. Turner, Margery A., "Discrimination in Urban Housing Markets: Lessons from Fair Housing Audits," in Housing Policy Debate 3:2 (1992), 185-215.
31. Turner, Margery A., and Maris Mikelsons, "Patterns of Racial Steering in Four Metropolitan Areas," Journal of Housing Economics 2 (September 1992), 199-234.
32. Turner, Margery A., Stephen Ross, George Galster, and John Yinger, Discrimination in Metropolitan Housing Markets, Research Report, The Urban Institute (November 2002).
33. Wienk, R. E., C. E. Reid, J. C. Simonson, and F. J. Eggers, Measuring Discrimination in American Housing Markets: The Housing Market Practices Survey (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 1979).
34. Yavas, Abdullah, "Economics of Brokerage: An Overview," Journal of Real Estate Literature 2 (July 1995), 169-195.
35. Yinger, John, "Measuring Discrimination with Fair Housing Audits: Caught in the Act," American Economic Review 76 (December 1986), 881-893.
36. _, Closed Doors, Opportunities Lost: The Continuing Costs of Housing Discrimination (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1995).
37. _, "Cash in Your Face: The Cost of Racial and Ethnic Discrimination in Housing," Journal of Urban Economics 42 (November 1997), 339-365.