Procalcitonin kinetics in Legionella pneumophila pneumonia

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

Volumn 15, Issue 11, 2009, Pages 1020-1025

  de Jager, C P C ^a   de Wit, N C J ^a   Weers Pothoff, G ^b   van der Poll, T ^c   Wever, P C ^b  

^a Department of Emergency Medicine and Intensive Care ^*  (Netherlands)

^b JEROEN BOSCH HOSPITAL   (Netherlands)

^c UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

C reactive protein; CURB 65; Infection markers; Legionella pneumophila; Pneumonia; Procalcitonin; Prognosis

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN; PROCALCITONIN; QUINOLINE DERIVED ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD ANALYSIS; BLOOD GROUP TYPING; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; COMMUNITY ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; DISEASE SEVERITY; FEMALE; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; LABORATORY TEST; LEGIONELLA PNEUMOPHILA; LEGIONNAIRE DISEASE; LEUKOCYTE COUNT; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCORING SYSTEM;

LEGIONELLA PNEUMOPHILA;

EID: 70449118986     PISSN: 1198743X     EISSN: 14690691     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.02773.x     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Rello J, Quintana E, Ausina V, Net A, Prats G. A three-year study of severe community-acquired pneumonia with emphasis on outcome. Chest 1993, 103:232-235.
2. Vergis EN, Akbas E, Yu VL. Legionella as a cause of severe pneumonia. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2000, 21:295-304.
3. el-Ebiary M, Sarmiento X, Torres A. Prognostic factors of severe Legionella pneumonia requiring admission to ICU. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997, 156:1467-1472.
4. Den Boer JW, Yzerman EP. Diagnosis of Legionella infection in Legionnaires' disease. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2004, 23:871-878.
5. Diederen BM. Legionella spp. and Legionnaires' disease. J Infect 2008, 56:1-12.
6. Fine MJ, Auble TE, Yealy DM. A prediction rule to identify low-risk patients with community-acquired pneumonia. N Engl J Med 1997, 336:243-250.
7. Lim WS, van der Eerden MM, Laing R. Defining community acquired pneumonia severity on presentation to hospital: an international derivation and validation study. Thorax 2003, 58:377-382.
8. Espana PP, Capelastegui A, Gorordo I. Development and validation of a clinical prediction rule for severe community-acquired pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006, 174:1249-1256.
9. Mandell LA, Wunderink RG, Anzueto A. Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. Clin Infect Dis 2007, 44(Suppl 2):S27-S72.
10. Assicot M, Gendrel D, Carsin H, Raymond J, Guilbaud J, Bohuon C. High serum procalcitonin concentrations in patients with sepsis and infection. Lancet 1993, 341:515-518.
11. Hedlund J, Hansson LO. Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels in community-acquired pneumonia: correlation with etiology and prognosis. Infection 2000, 28:68-73.
12. Harbarth S, Holeckova K, Froidevaux C. Diagnostic value of procalcitonin, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8 in critically ill patients admitted with suspected sepsis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001, 164:396-402.
13. Brunkhorst FM, Al-Nawas B, Krummenauer F, Forycki ZF, Shah PM. Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and apache II score for risk evaluation in patients with severe pneumonia. Clin Microbiol Infect 2002, 8:93-100.
14. Hausfater P, Garric S, Ayed SB, Rosenheim M, Bernard M, Riou B. Usefulness of procalcitonin as a marker of systemic infection in emergency department patients: a prospective study. Clin Infect Dis 2002, 34:895-901.
15. Simon L, Gauvin F, Amre DK, Saint-Louis P, Lacroix J. Serum procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels as markers of bacterial infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis 2004, 39:206-217.
16. Boussekey N, Leroy O, Georges H, Devos P, d'Escrivan T, Guery B. Diagnostic and prognostic values of admission procalcitonin levels in community-acquired pneumonia in an intensive care unit. Infection 2005, 33:257-263.
17. Boussekey N, Leroy O, Alfandari S, Devos P, Georges H, Guery B. Procalcitonin kinetics in the prognosis of severe community-acquired pneumonia. Intensive Care Med 2006, 32:469-472.
18. Tang BM, Eslick GD, Craig JC, McLean AS. Accuracy of procalcitonin for sepsis diagnosis in critically ill patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2007, 7:210-217.
19. Becker KL, Snider R, Nylen ES. Procalcitonin assay in systemic inflammation, infection, and sepsis: clinical utility and limitations. Crit Care Med 2008, 36:941-952.
20. Masia M, Gutierrez F, Shum C. Usefulness of procalcitonin levels in community-acquired pneumonia according to the patients outcome research team pneumonia severity index. Chest 2005, 128:2223-2229.
21. Christ-Crain M, Stolz D, Bingisser R. Procalcitonin guidance of antibiotic therapy in community-acquired pneumonia: a randomized trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006, 174:84-93.
22. Muller B, Harbarth S, Stolz D. Diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of clinical and laboratory parameters in community-acquired pneumonia. BMC Infect Dis 2007, 7:10.
23. Kruger S, Ewig S, Marre R. Procalcitonin predicts patients at low risk of death from community-acquired pneumonia across all CRB-65 classes. Eur Respir J 2008, 31:349-355.
24. Jensen JU, Heslet L, Jensen TH, Espersen K, Steffensen P, Tvede M. Procalcitonin increase in early identification of critically ill patients at high risk of mortality. Crit Care Med 2006, 34:2596-2602.
25. Jereb M, Kotar T. Usefulness of procalcitonin to differentiate typical from atypical community-acquired pneumonia. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2006, 118:170-174.
26. Prat C, Dominguez J, Andreo F. Procalcitonin and neopterin correlation with aetiology and severity of pneumonia. J Infect 2006, 52:169-177.
27. Franzin L, Cabodi D. Legionella pneumonia and serum procalcitonin. Curr Microbiol 2005, 50:43-46.
28. European guidelines for control and prevention of travel associated legionnaires' disease 2003, http://www.Ewgli.Org, Available at:
29. Schouten JA, Prins JM, Bonten MJ. Revised swab guidelines for antimicrobial therapy of community-acquired pneumonia. Neth J Med 2005, 63:323-335.
30. Gacouin A, Le Tulzo Y, Lavoue S. Severe pneumonia due to Legionella pneumophila: prognostic factors, impact of delayed appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Intensive Care Med 2002, 28:686-691.
31. Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner DP, Zimmerman JE. Apache II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med 1985, 13:818-829.
32. Meisner M, Schmidt J, Huttner H, Tschaikowsky K. The natural elimination rate of procalcitonin in patients with normal and impaired renal function. Intensive Care Med 2000, 26(Suppl 2):S212-S216.
33. Meisner M, Lohs T, Huettemann E, Schmidt J, Hueller M, Reinhart K. The plasma elimination rate and urinary secretion of procalcitonin in patients with normal and impaired renal function. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2001, 18:79-87.
34. Meisner M, Huttemann E, Lohs T, Kasakov L, Reinhart K. Plasma concentrations and clearance of procalcitonin during continuous veno-venous hemofiltration in septic patients. Shock 2001, 15:171-175.
35. Uzzan B, Cohen R, Nicolas P, Cucherat M, Perret GY. Procalcitonin as a diagnostic test for sepsis in critically ill adults and after surgery or trauma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 2006, 34:1996-2003.
36. Haeuptle J, Zaborsky R, Fiumefreddo R. Prognostic value of procalcitonin in Legionella pneumonia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2009, 28:55-60.