Childhood abuse is associated with increased startle reactivity in adulthood

Depression and Anxiety

Volumn 26, Issue 11, 2009, Pages 1018-1026

  Jovanovic, Tanja ^a   Blanding, Nineequa Q ^a   Norrholm, Seth D ^a,b   Duncan, Erica ^a,b   Bradley, Bekh ^a,b   Ressler, Kerry J ^a,c  

^a EMORY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b ATLANTA VA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c HOWARD HUGHES MEDICAL INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Anxiety; Biomarker; Child abuse; Childhood maltreatment; Physiology; Startle; Trauma

Indexed keywords

ACOUSTIC STARTLE RESPONSE; ADULT; ADULTHOOD; AFRICAN AMERICAN; AGED; BECK DEPRESSION INVENTORY; CHILD ABUSE; CONFERENCE PAPER; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEPRESSION; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; EYELID REFLEX; FEAR; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NOISE; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; RATING SCALE; SELF REPORT; SEXUAL ABUSE; STARTLE REFLEX;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ADULT SURVIVORS OF CHILD ABUSE; AFRICAN AMERICANS; AROUSAL; BLINKING; CHILD; CHILD ABUSE; CHILD ABUSE, SEXUAL; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; FEAR; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PERSONALITY INVENTORY; RISK FACTORS; SENSORY GATING; STARTLE REACTION; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC;

EID: 70350738481     PISSN: 10914269     EISSN: 15206394     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/da.20599     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (32)

1. Binder EB, Bradley RG, Liu W, et al. Association of FKBP5 polymorphisms and childhood abuse with risk of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in adults. J Am Med Assoc 2008;299: 1291-1305.
2. Bradley RG, Binder EB, Epstein MP, et al. Influence of child abuse on adult depression: moderation by the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2008;65: 190-200.
3. Nemeroff CB, Bremner JD, Foa EB, et al. Posttraumatic stress disorder: a state-of-the-science review. J Psychiatr Res 2006;40: 1-21. (Pubitemid 43117523)
4. Plotsky PM, Meaney MJ. Early, postnatal experience alters hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) mRNA, median eminence CRF content and stress-induced release in adult rats. Mol Brain Res 1993;18:195-200. (Pubitemid 23130604)
5. Heim C, Newport DJ, Heit S, et al. Pituitary-adrenal and autonomic responses to stress in women after sexual and physical abuse in childhood. J Am Med Assoc 2000;284:592-597. (Pubitemid 30622145)
6. Lee Y, Davis M. Role of the hippocampus, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and amygdala in the excitatory effect of corticotropin releasing hormone on the acoustic startle reflex. J Neurosci 1997;17:6434-6446. (Pubitemid 27329915)
7. Landis C, Hunt W. The Startle Paradigm. New York: Farrar and Rinehart; 1939.
8. Davis M. The role of the amygdala in fear and anxiety. Annu Rev Neurosci 1992;15:353-375.
9. Morgan 3rd CA, Grillon C, Southwick SM, et al. Exaggerated acoustic startle reflex in Gulf War veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1996;153:64-68.
10. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1994.
11. Grillon C, Baas J. A review of the modulation of the startle reflex by affective states and its application in psychiatry. Clin Neurophysiol 2003;114:1557-1579. (Pubitemid 37025791)
12. Orr SP, Metzger LJ, Pitman RK. Psychophysiology of post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2002;25: 271-293.
13. Metzger LJ, Orr SP, Berry NJ, Ahern CE, Lasko NB, Pitman RK. Physiologic reactivity to startling tones in women with posttraumatic stress disorder. J Abnorm Psychol 1999;108: 347-352. (Pubitemid 29264727)
14. Medina AM, Mejia VY, Schell AM, Dawson ME, Margolin G. Startle reactivity and PTSD symptoms in a community sample of women. Psychiatry Res 2001;101:157-169. (Pubitemid 32245799)
15. Guthrie RM, Bryant RA. Auditory Startle Response in Fire-fighters Before and After Trauma Exposure. American Journal of Psychiatry 2005;162:283-290.
16. Jovanovic T, Keyes M, Fiallos A, et al. Fear potentiation and fear inhibition in a human fear-potentiated startle paradigm. Biol Psychiatry 2005;57:1559-1564. (Pubitemid 40805386)
17. Jovanovic T, Norrholm SD, Keyes M, et al. Contingency awareness and fear inhibition in a human fear-potentiated startle paradigm. Behav Neurosci 2006;120:995-1004. (Pubitemid 44584011)
18. Jovanovic T, Norrholm SD, Fennell JE, et al. Posttraumatic stress disorder may be associated with impaired fear inhibition: relation to symptom severity. Psychiatry Res 2008.
19. First MB, Spitzer RL, Williams JBW, et al. Structured Clinical Interview for DSMIV-Patient Edition (SCID-P). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1995.
20. Bernstein DP, Fink L. Childhood Trauma Questionnaire A retrospective self-report manual. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation; 1998.
21. Falsetti SA, Resnick HS, Resick PA, Kilpatrick DG. The modified PTSD symptom scale: a brief self-report measure of posttraumatic stress disorder. Behav Therapist 1993: 161-162.
22. Foa EB, Riggs DS, Dancu CV, et al. Reliability and validity of a brief instrument for assessing post-traumatic stress disorder. J Trauma Stress 1993;6:459-473.
23. Foa EB, Tolin DF. Comparison of the PTSD symptom scale-interview version and the clinician-administered PTSD scale. J Trauma Stress 2000;13:181-191.
24. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelsohn M, et al. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961;4:561-571.
25. Myers KM, Davis M. AX1, BX- discrimination learning in the fear-potentiated startle paradigm: possible relevance to inhibitory fear learning in extinction. Learn Mem 2004;11:464-475.
26. Norrholm SD, Jovanovic T, Vervliet B, et al. Conditioned fear extinction and reinstatement in a human fear-potentiated startle paradigm. Learn Mem 2006;13:681-685. (Pubitemid 44871667)
27. Grillon C, Morgan 3rd CA, Southwick SM, et al. Baseline startle amplitude and prepulse inhibition in Vietnam veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychiatry Res 1996;64:169-178.
28. Grillon C, Stein JA, Newcomb MD, et al. Effects of experimental context and explicit threat cues on acoustic startle in Vietnam veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol Psychiatry 1998;44:1027-1036. (Pubitemid 28545231)
29. Grillon C, Baas J. A review of the modulation of the startle reflex by affective states and its application in psychiatry. Clin Neurophysiol 2003;114:1557-1579. (Pubitemid 37025791)
30. Koch M. The neurobiology of startle. Prog Neurobiol 1999;59:107-128.
31. Bernstein DP, Stein JA, Newcomb MD, et al. Development and validation of a brief screening version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Child Abuse Negl 2003;27:169-190. (Pubitemid 36293325)
32. Bernstein DP, Fink L, Handelsman L, et al. Initial reliability and validity of a new retrospective measure of child abuse and neglect. Am J Psychiatry 1994;151:1132-1136. (Pubitemid 24240954)