Heads and tails: Simultaneous exposed and buried interface imaging of monolayers

ACS Nano

Volumn 3, Issue 10, 2009, Pages 3115-3121

  Han, Patrick ^a   Kurland, Adam R ^a   Giordano, Andrea N ^a   Nanayakkara, Sanjini U ^a,c   Blake, Meaghan M ^a   Pochas, Chris M ^a   Weiss, Paul S ^a,b  

^a PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Barrier height; Molecular tilt; Scanning tunneling microscopy; Self assembled monolayers; Sulfur gold interface

Indexed keywords

ALKANETHIOLATES; AZIMUTHAL ANGLE; BARRIER HEIGHT; BURIED INTERFACE; HEAD GROUPS; LOCAL MEASUREMENT; MOLECULAR RESOLUTION; MOLECULAR TILT; ORDERED DOMAINS;

IMAGE ANALYSIS; SCANNING; SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; SULFUR; WIND TUNNELS;

SELF ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS;

ALKANE; THIOL DERIVATIVE;

ARTICLE; CHEMISTRY; METHODOLOGY; MOLECULAR IMAGING; SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; TIME;

ALKANES; MICROSCOPY, SCANNING TUNNELING; MOLECULAR IMAGING; SULFHYDRYL COMPOUNDS; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 70350663022     PISSN: 19360851     EISSN: 1936086X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/nn901030x     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Nuzzo, R. G.; Allara, D. L. Adsorption of Bifunctional Organic Disulfides on Gold Surfaces. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 4481-4483.
2. Ulman, A. Formation and Structure of Self-Assembled Monolayers. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 1533-1554.
3. Schreiber, F. Structure and Growth of Self-Assembling Monolayers. Prog. Surf. Sci. 2000, 65, 151-256.
4. Smith, R. K.; Lewis, P. A.; Weiss, P. S. Patterning Self-Assembled Monolayers. Prog. Surf. Sci. 2004, 75, 1-68.
5. Love, J. C.; Estroff, L. A.; Kriebel, J. K.; Nuzzo, R. G.; Whitesides, G. M. Self-Assembled Monolayers of Thiolates on Metals as a Form of Nanotechnology. Chem. Rev. 2005, 105, 1103-1169.
6. Woodruff, D. P. The Interface Structure of n -Alkylthiolate Self-Assembled Monolayers on Coinage Metal Surfaces. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2008, 10, 7211-7221.
7. Cossaro, A.; Mazzarello, R.; Rousseau, R.; Casalis, L.; Verdini, A.; Kohlmeyer, A.; Floreano, L.; Scandolo, S.; Morgante, A.; Klein, M. L.; et al. X-ray Diffraction and Computation Yield the Structure of Alkanethiols on Gold (111). Science 2008, 321, 943-946.
8. Delamarche, E.; Michel, B.; Gerber, C.; Anselmetti, D.; Guntherodt, H. J.; Wolf, H.; Ringsdorf, H. Real-Space Observation of Nanoscale Molecular Domains in Self-Assembled Monolayers. Langmuir 1994, 10, 2869-2871.
9. Yu, M.; Bovet, N.; Satterley, C. J.; Bengio, S.; Lovelock, K. R. J.; Milligan, P. K.; Jones, R. G.; Woodruff, D. P.; Dhanak, V. True Nature of an Archetypal Self-Assembly System: Mobile Au-Thiolate Species on Au (111). Phys. Rev. Lett. 2006, 97, 166102.
10. Philp, D.; Stoddart, J. F. Self-Assembly in Natural and Unnatural Systems. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 1155-1196.
11. Whitesides, G. M.; Grzybowski, B. Self-Assembly at All Scales. Science 2002, 295, 2418-2421.
12. Weiss, P. S. Functional Molecules and Assemblies in Controlled Environments: Formation and Measurements. Acc. Chem. Res. 2008, 41, 1772-1781.
13. Donhauser, Z. J.; Mantooth, B. A.; Kelly, K. F.; Bumm, L. A.; Monnell, J. D.; Stapleton, J. J.; Price, D. W.; Rawlett, A. M.; Allara, D. L.; Tour, J. M.; et al. Conductance Switching in Single Molecules through Conformational Changes. Science 2001, 292, 2303-2307.
14. Moore, A. M.; Dameron, A. A.; Mantooth, B. A.; Smith, R. K.; Fuchs, D. J.; Ciszek, J. W.; Maya, F.; Yao, Y. X.; Tour, J. M.; Weiss, P. S. Molecular Engineering and Measurements to Test Hypothesized Mechanisms in Single Molecule Conductance Switching. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 1959-1967.
15. Roper, M. G.; Skegg, M. P.; Fisher, C. J.; Lee, J. J.; Dhanak, V. R.; Woodruff, D. P.; Jones, R. G. Atop Adsorption Site of Sulphur Head Groups in Gold-Thiolate Self-Assembled Monolayers. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2004, 389, 87-91.
16. 3S Monolayer on Au (111) Solved by the Interplay between Molecular Dynamics Calculations and Diffraction Measurements. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2007, 98, 016102.
17. Kautz, N. A.; Kandel, S. A. Alkanethiol/Au (111) Self-Assembled Monolayers Contain Gold Adatoms: Scanning Tunneling Microscopy before and after Reaction with Atomic Hydrogen. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 6908-6909.
18. Maksymovych, P.; Sorescu, D. C.; Yates, J. T. Gold-Adatom-Mediated Bonding in Self-Assembled Short-Chain Alkanethiolate Species on the Au (111) Surface. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2006, 97, 146103.
19. Bumm, L. A.; Arnold, J. J.; Charles, L. F.; Dunbar, T. D.; Allara, D. L.; Weiss, P. S. Directed Self-Assembly to Create Molecular Terraces with Molecularly Sharp Boundaries in Organic Monolayers. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 8017-8021.
20. Klein, H.; Battaglini, N.; Bellini, B.; Dumas, P. STM of Mixed Alkylthiol Self-Assembled Monolayers on Au (111). Mater. Sci. Eng., C 2002, 19, 279-283.
21. Widrig, C. A.; Alves, C. A.; Porter, M. D. Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of Ethanethiolate and Normal-Octadecanethiolate Monolayers Spontaneously Adsorbed at Gold Surfaces. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 2805-2810.
22. Schönenberger, C.; Jorritsma, J.; Sondaghuethorst, J. A. M.; Fokkink, L. G. J. Domain-Structure of Self-Assembled Alkanethiol Monolayers on Gold. J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 3259-3271.
23. Bucher, J. P.; Santesson, L.; Kern, K. Selective Imaging of Self-Assembled Monolayers by Tunneling Microscopy. Appl. Phys. A: Mater. Sci. Process. 1994, 59, 135-138.
24. Pascual, J. I.; Jackiw, J. J.; Kelly, K. F.; Conrad, H.; Rust, H. P.; Weiss, P. S. Local Electronic Structural Effects and Measurements on the Adsorption of Benzene on Ag (110). Phys. Rev. B 2000, 62, 12632-12635.
25. Han, P.; Mantooth, B. A.; Sykes, E. C. H.; Donhauser, Z. J.; Weiss, P. S. Benzene on Au{111} at 4 K: Monolayer Growth and Tip-Induced Molecular Cascades. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 10787-10793.
26. Ferris, J. H.; Kushmerick, J. G.; Johnson, J. A.; Youngquist, M. G. Y.; Kessinger, R. B.; Kingsbury, H. F.; Weiss, P. S. Design, Operation, and Housing of an Ultrastable, Low Temperature, Ultrahigh Vacuum Scanning Tunneling Microscope. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1998, 69, 2691-2695.
27. Marchon, B.; Bernhardt, P.; Bussell, M. E.; Somorjai, G. A.; Salmeron, M.; Siekhaus, W. Atomic Arrangement of Sulfur Adatoms on Mo (001) at Atmospheric-PressureOA Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Study. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1988, 60, 1166-1169.
28. Porter, M. D.; Bright, T. B.; Allara, D. L.; Chidsey, C. E. D. Spontaneously Organized Molecular Assemblies. 4. Structural Characterization of Normal-Alkyl Thiol Monolayers on Gold by Optical Ellipsometry, Infrared-Spectroscopy, and Electrochemistry. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 3559-3568.
29. Nuzzo, R. G.; Dubois, L. H.; Allara, D. L. Fundamental Studies of Microscopic Wetting on Organic-Surfaces. 1. Formation and Structural Characterization of a Self-Consistent Series of Polyfunctional Organic Monolayers. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 558-569.
30. Fenter, P.; Eberhardt, A.; Liang, K. S.; Eisenberger, P. Epitaxy and Chainlength Dependent Strain in Self-Assembled Monolayers. J. Chem. Phys. 1997, 106, 1600-1608.
31. Riposan, A.; Liu, G. Y. Significance of Local Density of States in the Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Imaging of Alkanethiol Self-Assembled Monolayers. J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 23926-23937.
32. C6. We believe this is caused by a slight thermal drift during the data acquisition of Figure 3b, in the direction parallel to the tilt direction. This is evident from the vertical stretch of the figure. In effect, this thermal drift caused some data loss for our tilt measurement.
33. Monnell, J. D.; Stapleton, J. J.; Jackiw, J. J.; Dunbar, T.; Reinerth, W. A.; Dirk, S. M.; Tour, J. M.; Allara, D. L.; Weiss, P. S. Ordered Local Domain Structures of Decaneselenolate and Dodecaneselenolate Monolayers on Au{111}. J. Phys. Chem. B 2004, 108, 9834-9841.
34. Monnell, J. D.; Stapleton, J. J.; Dirk, S. M.; Reinerth, W. A.; Tour, J. M.; Allara, D. L.; Weiss, P. S. Relative Conductances of Alkaneselenolate and Alkanethiolate Monolayers on Au{111}. J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 20343-20349.