Cortical and putamen age-related changes in the microvessel density and astrocyte deficiency in spontaneously hypertensive and stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats

Current Neurovascular Research

Volumn 6, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 279-287

  Ritz, Marie Françoise ^a   Fluri, Felix ^a   Engelter, Stefan T ^a   Schaeren Wiemers, Nicole ^a   Lyrer, Philippe A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL BASEL   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Astrocyte; Brain capillaries; Hypertension; Hypoxia; Neurovascular unit; SHR; SP SHR

Indexed keywords

COLLAGEN TYPE 4; HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1ALPHA;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; ASTROCYTE; ASTROCYTOSIS; BRAIN CORTEX; BRAIN HYPOXIA; BRAIN REGION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMENTIA; HYPERTENSION; MALE; MICROVASCULATURE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUTAMEN; RAT; SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RAT; STROKE;

EID: 70350339344     PISSN: 15672026     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/156720209789630311     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Allan, S. (2006) The neurovascular unit and the key role of astrocytes in the regulation of cerebral blood flow. Cerebrovasc Dis 21: 137-138. (Pubitemid 43110325)
2. Amenta, F, Ferrante, F, Sabbatini, M, Ricci, A. (1994) Quantitative image analysis study of the cerebral vasodilatory activity of nicardipine in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clin Exp Hypertens 16: 359-371 (Pubitemid 24190697)
3. Bergeron, M, Yu, AY, Solway, KE, Semenza, GL, Sharp, FR. (1999) Induction of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and its target genes following focal ischaemia in rat brain. Eur J Neurosci 11: 4159-4170 (Pubitemid 30009246)
4. Bernert, G, Hoeger, H, Mosgoeller, W, Stolzlechner, D, Lubec, B. (2003) Neurodegeneration, neuronal loss, and neurotransmitter changes in the adult guinea pig with perinatal asphyxia. Pediatr Res 54: 523-528 (Pubitemid 37159123)
5. Brown, WR, Moody, DM, Thore, CR, Challa, VR, Anstrom, JA. (2007) Vascular dementia in leukoaraiosis may be a consequence of capillary loss not only in the lesions, but in normal-appearing white matter and cortex as well. J Neurol Sci 257: 62-66
6. Carmeliet, P. (2000) Mechanisms of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis. Nat Med 6: 389-395
7. Dery, MA, Michaud, MD, Richard, DE. (2005) Hypoxia-inducible factor 1: regulation by hypoxic and non-hypoxic activators. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37: 535-540 (Pubitemid 40022930)
8. Duncan, JA, Scholey, JW, Miller, JA. (2001) Angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene polymorphisms in humans: physiology and pathophysiology of the genotypes. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 10: 111-116
9. Ergul, A, Portik-Dobos, V, Hutchinson, J, Franco, J, Anstadt, MP. (2004) Downregulation of vascular matrix metalloproteinase inducer and activator proteins in hypertensive patients. Am J Hypertens 17: 775-782 (Pubitemid 39201092)
10. Ganten, D, Hermann, K, Bayer, C, Unger, T, Lang, RE. (1983) Angiotensin synthesis in the brain and increased turnover in hypertensive rats. Science 221: 869-871
11. Gesztelyi, G, Finnegan, W, DeMaro, JA, Wang, JY, Chen, JL, Fenstermacher, J. (1993) Parenchymal microvascular systems and cerebral atrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Brain Res 611: 249-257. (Pubitemid 23159692)
12. Heinzer, S, Kuhn, G, Krucker, T, Meyer, E, Ulmann-Schuler, A, Stampanoni, M, Gassmann, M, Marti, HH, Muller, R, Vogel, J. (2008) Novel three-dimensional analysis tool for vascular trees indicates complete micro-networks, not single capillaries, as the angiogenic endpoint in mice overexpressing human VEGF(165) in the brain. Neuroimage 39: 1549-1558
13. Hermann, K, Phillips, MI, Hilgenfeldt, U, Raizada, MK. (1988) Biosynthesis of angiotensinogen and angiotensins by brain cells in primary culture. J Neurochem 51: 398-405. (Pubitemid 18186759)
14. Hermann, K, McDonald, W, Unger, T, Lang, RE, Ganten, D. (1984) Angiotensin biosynthesis and concentrations in brain of normotensive and hypertensive rats. J Physiol (Paris) 79: 471-480 (Pubitemid 15120618)
15. Holash, JA, Noden, DM, Stewart, PA. (1993) Re-evaluating the role of astrocytes in blood-brain barrier induction. Dev Dyn 197: 14-25. (Pubitemid 23254779)
16. Jesmin, S, Sakuma, I, Togashi, H, Yoshioka, M, Hattori, Y, Kitabatake, A, Miyauchi, T. (2004) Brain Expression of VEGF and its Receptors in SHR-SP and Effects of an Endothelin Blocker. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 44: S160-S164. (Pubitemid 40044788)
17. Johansson, B. (1994) Pathogenesis of vascular dementia: the possible role of hypertension. Dementia 5: 174-176. (Pubitemid 24151541)
18. Kelly, BD, Hackett, SF, Hirota, K, Oshima, Y, Cai, Z, Berg-Dixon, S, Rowan, A, Yan, Z, Campochiaro, PA, Semenza, GL. (2003) Cell type-specific regulation of angiogenic growth factor gene expression and induction of angiogenesis in nonischemic tissue by a constitutively active form of hypoxia-inducible factor 1. Circ Res 93: 1074-1081 (Pubitemid 37485038)
19. Koehler, RC, Gebremedhin, D, Harder, DR. (2006) Role of astrocytes in cerebrovascular regulation. J Appl physiol 100: 307-317.
20. Lammie, GA. (2002) Hypertensive cerebral small vessel disease and stroke. Brain Pathol 12: 358-370 (Pubitemid 34743218)
21. Liao, D, Cooper, L, Cai, J, Toole, JF, Bryan, NR, Hutchinson, RG, Tyroler, HA. (1996) Presence and severity of cerebral white matter lesions and hypertension, its treatment, and its control. The ARIC Study. Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Stroke 27: 2262-2270
22. Lin, SZ, Sposito, N, Pettersen, S, Rybacki, L, McKenna, E, Pettigrew, K, Fenstermacher, J. (1990) Cerebral capillary bed structure of normotensive and chronically hypertensive rats. Microvasc Res 40: 341-357
23. Lis, CG, Gaviria, M. (1997) Vascular dementia, hypertension, and the brain. Neurol Res 19: 471-480
24. Longstreth, WT, Jr., Manolio, TA, Arnold, A, Burke, GL, Bryan, N, Jungreis, CA, Enright, PL, O'Leary, D, Fried, L. (1996) Clinical correlates of white matter findings on cranial magnetic resonance imaging of 3301 elderly people. The Cardiovascular Health Study. Stroke 27: 1274-1282 (Pubitemid 26286152)
25. Meyer, JM, Felten, DL, Weyhenmeyer, JA. (1990) Measurement of immunoreactive angiotensin II levels in microdissected brain nuclei from developing spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar Kyoto rats. Exp Neurol 107: 164-169
26. Mignini, F, Vitaioli, L, Sabbatini, M, Tomassoni, D, Amenta, F. (2004) The cerebral cortex of spontaneously hypertensive rats: a quantitative microanatomical study. Clin Exp Hypertens 26: 287-303. (Pubitemid 38691113)
27. Moody, DM, Thore, CR, Anstrom, JA, Challa, VR, Langefeld, CD, Brown, WR. (2004) Quantification of afferent vessels shows reduced brain vascular density in subjects with leukoaraiosis. Radiology 233: 883-890
28. Nag, S, Kilty, DW. (1997) Cerebrovascular changes in chronic hypertension. Protective effects of enalapril in rats. Stroke 28: 1028-1034 (Pubitemid 27209154)
29. Otani, A, Takagi, H, Suzuma, K, Honda, Y. (1998) Angiotensin II potentiates vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenic activity in retinal microcapillary endothelial cells. Circ Res 82: 619-628 (Pubitemid 28129033)
30. Paglieri, C, Bisbocci, D, Caserta, M, Rabbia, F, Bertello, C, Canade, A, Veglio, F. (2008) Hypertension and cognitive function. Clin Exp Hypertens 30: 701-710
31. Paglieri, C, Bisbocci, D, Di Tullio, MA, Tomassoni, D, Amenta, F, Veglio, F. (2004) Arterial hypertension: a cause of cognitive impairment and of vascular dementia. Clin Exp Hypertens 26: 277-285 (Pubitemid 38685920)
32. Phillips, MI, Kimura, BK. (1986) Levels of brain angiotensin in the spontaneously hypertensive rat and treatment with ramiprilat. J Hypertens Suppl 4: S391-4.
33. Ridet, JL, Malhotra, SK, Privat, A, Gage, FH. (1997) Reactive astrocytes: cellular and molecular cues to biological function. Trends Neurosci 20: 570-577 (Pubitemid 27508969)
34. Roman, GC, Erkinjuntti, T, Wallin, A, Pantoni, L, Chui, HC. (2002) Subcortical ischaemic vascular dementia. Lancet Neurol 1: 426-436
35. Sabbatini, M, Strocchi, P, Vitaioli, L, Amenta, F. (2001) Microanatomical changes of intracerebral arteries in spontaneously hypertensive rats: a model of cerebrovascular disease of the elderly. Mech Ageing Dev 122: 1257-1268 (Pubitemid 32579200)
36. Sen, E, Levison, SW. (2006) Astrocytes and developmental white matter disorders. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev 12: 97-104.
37. Sharp, FR, Bergeron, M, Bernaudin, M. (2001) Hypoxia-inducible factor in brain. Adv Exp Med Biol 502: 273-291
38. Sokolova, IA, Manukhina, EB, Blinkov, SM, Koshelev, VB, Pinelis, VG, Rodionov, IM. (1985) Rarefication of the arterioles and capillary network in the brain of rats with different forms of hypertension. Microvasc Res 30: 1-9.
39. Tomassoni, D, Avola, R, Di Tullio, MA, Sabbatini, M, Vitaioli, L, Amenta, F. (2004) Increased expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the brain of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clin Exp Hypertens 26: 335-350 (Pubitemid 38691115)
40. Trendelenburg, G, Dirnagl, U. (2005) Neuroprotective role of astrocytes in cerebral ischemia: focus on ischemic preconditioning. Glia 50: 307-320 (Pubitemid 40780837)
41. van Dijk, EJ, Breteler, MM, Schmidt, R, Berger, K, Nilsson, LG, Oudkerk, M, Pajak, A, Sans, S, de Ridder, M, Dufouil, C, Fuhrer, R, Giampaoli, S, Launer, LJ, Hofman, A. (2004) The association between blood pressure, hypertension, and cerebral white matter lesions: cardiovascular determinants of dementia study. Hypertension 44: 625-630. (Pubitemid 39435230)
42. Vermeer, SE, Hollander, M, van Dijk, EJ, Hofman, A, Koudstaal, PJ, Breteler, MM. (2003) Silent brain infarcts and white matter lesions increase stroke risk in the general population: the Rotterdam Scan Study. Stroke 34: 1126-1129 (Pubitemid 36547501)
43. Vogel, J, Gehrig, M, Kuschinsky, W, Marti, HH. (2004) Massive inborn angiogenesis in the brain scarcely raises cerebral blood flow. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 24: 849-859 (Pubitemid 39045402)
44. Werber, AH, Fitch-Burke, MC, Harrington, DG, Shah, J. (1990) No rarefaction of cerebral arterioles in hypertensive rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 68: 476-479