Post-resuscitation care: Current therapeutic concepts

Acute Cardiac Care

Volumn 11, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 131-137

  Cokkinos, Philip ^a  

^a ONASSIS CARDIAC SURGERY CENTER   (Greece)

Author keywords

Glucose control; Neurology; Post resuscitation care; Prognosis; Revascularization; Therapeutic hypothermia

Indexed keywords

ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENT; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; BARBITURIC ACID DERIVATIVE; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CLONAZEPAM; CREATINE KINASE; CREATINE KINASE MB; DOBUTAMINE; DOPAMINE; FIBRINOLYTIC AGENT; GLUCOSE; INOTROPIC AGENT; INSULIN; NEURON SPECIFIC ENOLASE; NORADRENALIN; PHENYTOIN; PLACEBO; PROTEIN S100B; TENECTEPLASE; VALPROIC ACID; VASOPRESSIN; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL;

ADULT; ANGIOCARDIOGRAPHY; AORTA BALLOON; ARTIFICIAL HEART PACEMAKER; ASSISTED VENTILATION; BLOOD CLOT LYSIS; BLOOD SAMPLING; BRAIN DAMAGE; CLINICAL PRACTICE; COMA; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT; DEFIBRILLATOR; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY MONITORING; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM; EVOKED SOMATOSENSORY RESPONSE; FIBRINOLYTIC THERAPY; GLASGOW COMA SCALE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HEART ARREST; HEART ARRHYTHMIA; HEART ASSIST DEVICE; HEART INFARCTION; HEART MUSCLE REVASCULARIZATION; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA; INTENSIVE CARE; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; MYOCLONUS; NEUROIMAGING; NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATION; NONHUMAN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; PATIENT CARE; PATIENT MONITORING; PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION; POSTCARDIAC ARREST SYNDROME; POSTRESUSCITATION CARE; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; PULSE OXIMETRY; RESUSCITATION; REVIEW; RISK BENEFIT ANALYSIS; SEDATION; SEIZURE; SEPTICEMIA; ST SEGMENT ELEVATION; TIDAL VOLUME; TREATMENT INDICATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; CORONARY CARE UNIT; DRUG EFFECTS; EPILEPSIES, MYOCLONIC; METABOLISM; PHYSIOLOGIC MONITORING; PROCEDURES; SYNDROME;

BLOOD GLUCOSE; CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION; CORONARY CARE UNITS; EPILEPSIES, MYOCLONIC; HEART ARREST; HUMANS; HYPOTHERMIA, INDUCED; MONITORING, PHYSIOLOGIC; MYOCARDIAL REVASCULARIZATION; NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATION; SYNDROME; THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY;

EID: 70350128536     PISSN: 17482941     EISSN: 1748295X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/17482940903168209     Document Type: Review

References (61)

1. International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation ILCOR. The 2005 international consensus on resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care science with treatment recommendations. Part 1-8. Resuscitation. 2005;67:181-314.
2. Simultaneously published in: Circulation. 2005;112: IV1-10.
3. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2005. Resuscitation. 2005;67: S1-S189.
4. Gazmuri RJ, Nadkarni VM, Nolan JP, Arntz HR, Billi JE, Bossaert L, et al. Scientific knowledge gaps and clinical research priorities for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care identified during the 2005 international consensus conference on ECC (corrected) and CPR science with treatment recommendations: A consensus statement from the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation. Circulation. 2007;116:2501-12. (Pubitemid 350153492)
5. Neumar RW, Nolan JP, Adrie C, Aibiki M, Berg RA, Böttiger BW, et al. Post-cardiac arrest syndrome: epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatment, and prognostication. A consensus statement from the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (American Heart Association, Australian and New Zealand Council on Resuscitation, European Resuscitation Council, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, InterAmerican Heart Foundation, Resuscitation Council of Asia, and the Resuscitation Council of Southern Africa); the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee; the Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; the Council on Cardiopulmonary, Perioperative, and Critical Care; the Council on Clinical Cardiology; and the Stroke Council. Circulation. 2008;118:2452-83.
6. Nadkarni VM, Larkin GL, Peberdy MA, Carey SM, KayeW, Mancini ME, et al. National Registry of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Investigators. First documented rhythm and clinical outcome from in-hospital cardiac arrest among children and adults. JAMA. 2006;295:50-7.
7. Jacobs I, Nadkarni V, Bahr J, Berg RA, Billi JE, Bossaert L et al. International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation. Cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation outcome reports: update and simplification of the Utstein templates for resuscitation registries: a statement for healthcare professionals from a task force of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation. Resuscitation. 2004;63:233-49.
8. Langhelle A, Nolan J, Herlitz J, Castren M, Wenzel V, Soreide E, et al. Recommended guidelines for reviewing, reporting, and conducting research on post-resuscitation care: The Utstein style. Resuscitation. 2005;66:271-83.
9. Dellinger RP, Levy MM, Carlet JM, Bion J, Parker MM, Jaeschke R, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: International guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2008. Intensive Care Med. 2008;34:17-60.
10. Böttiger BW, Krumnikl JJ, Gass P, Schmitz B, Motsch J, Martin E. The cerebral ,no reflow, phenomenon after cardiac arrest in rats: influence on low-flow perfusion. Resuscitation. 1997;34:79-87.
11. Mullner M, Sterz F, Binder M, Hellwagner K, Meron G, Herkner H, et al. Arterial blood pressure after human cardiac arrest and neurological recovery. Stroke. 1996;27:59-62.
12. Buunk G, van der Hoeven JG, Frölich M, Meinders AE. Cerebral vasoconstriction in comatose patients resuscitated from a cardiac arrest? Intensive Care Med. 1996;22:1191-6.
13. Torbey MT, Selim M, Knorr J, Bigelow C, Recht L. Quantitative analysis of the loss of distinction between gray and white matter in comatose patients after cardiac arrest. Stroke. 2000;31:2163-7.
14. Lemiale V, Huet O, Vigué B, Mathonnet A, Spaulding C, Mira JP, et al. Changes in cerebral blood flow and oxygen extraction during post-resuscitation syndrome. Resuscitation. 2008;76:17-24.
15. Carr BG, Kahn JM, Merchant RM, Kramer AA, Neumar RW. Inter-hospital variability in post-cardiac arrest mortality. Resuscitation. 2009;80:30-4.
16. Spaite DW, Bobrow BJ, Vadeboncoeur TF, Chikani V, Clark L, Mullins T, et al. The impact of prehospital transport interval on survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Implications for regionalization of post-resuscitation care. Resuscitation. 2008;79:61-6.
17. Malhotra A. Low-tidal-volume ventilation in the acute respiratory distress syndrome. New Engl J Med. 2007;357: 1113-20.
18. Sunde K, Pytte M, Jacobsen D, Mangschau A, Jensen LP, Smedsrud C, et al. Implementation of a standardised treatment protocol for post resuscitation care after out-ofhospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2007;73:29-39.
19. Rivers E, Nguyen B, Havstad S, Ressler J, Muzzin A, Knoblich B, et al. Early goal-directed therapy collaborative group. Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:1368-77.
20. Shäffner DH, Eleff SM, Brambrink AM, Sugimoto H, Izuta M, Koehler RC, et al. Effect of arrest time and cerebral perfusion pressure during cardiopulmonary resuscitation on cerebral blood flow, metabolism, adenosine triphosphate recovery, and pH in dogs. Crit Care Med. 1999;27:1335-42.
21. Ruiz-Bailén M, Aguayo de Hoyos E, Ruiz-Navarro S, Díaz-Castellanos MA, Rucabado-Aguilar L, Gómez-Jiménez FJ, et al. Reversible myocardial dysfunction after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Resuscitation. 2005;66:175-81.
22. Gonzalez MM, Berg RA, Nadkarni VM, Vianna CB, Kerm KB, Timerman S, et al. Left ventricular systolic function and outcome after in-hospital cardiac arrest. Circulation. 2008; 117:1864-72.
23. Laurent I, Monchi M, Chiche JD, Jolly LM, Spaulding C, Bourgeois B, et al. Reversible myocardial dysfunction in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;40:2110-6.
24. Russell JA, Walley KR, Singer J, Gordon AC, Hébert PC, Cooper DJ, et al. VASST Investigators. Vasopressin versus norepinephrine infusion in patients with septic shock. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:877-87.
25. Bourque D, Daoust R, Huard V, Charneux M. Beta-blockers for the treatment of cardiac arrest from ventricular fibrillation? Resuscitation. 2007;75:434-44.
26. Jones AE, Shapiro NI, Kilgannon H, Trzeciak S. Goaldirected hemodynamic optimisation in the post-cardiac arrest syndrome: A systematic review. Resuscitation. 2008;77:26-9.
27. Gorjup V, Radsel P, Kocjancic ST, Erzen D, Noc M. Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Resuscitation. 2007;72:379-85.
28. Knafelj R, Radsel P, Ploj T, Noc M. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention and mild induced hypothermia in comatose survivors of ventricular fibrillation with ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction. Resuscitation. 2007;74: 227-34.
29. Hosmane VR, Mustafa NG, Reddy VK, Reese IV CL, DiSabatino A, Kolm P, et al. Survival and neurologic recovery in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction resuscitated from cardiac arrest. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53:409-15.
30. Koreny M, Sterz F, Uray T, Schreiber W, Holzer M, Laggner A, et al. Effect of cooling after human cardiac arrest on myocardial infarct size. Resuscitation. 2009;80:56-60.
31. Böttiger BW, Arntz HR, Chamberlain DA, Bluhmki E, Belmans A, Danays T, et al. Thrombolysis during Resuscitation for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. New Engl J Med. 2008;359:2651-62.
32. Nolan JP, Morley PT, Van den Hoek TL, Hickey RW, ALS Task Force. Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest. An advisory statement by the advanced life support task force of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation. Resuscitation. 2003;57:231-5.
33. Holzer M, Bernard SA, Hachimi-Idrissi S, Roine RO, Sterz F, Müllner M. Collaborative group on induced hypothermia for neuroprotection after cardiac arrest. Hypothermia for neuroprotection after cardiac arrest: systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis. Crit Care Med. 2005;33:414-8.
34. Cheung KW, Green RS, Magee KD. Systematic review of randomized controlled trials of therapeutic hypothermia as a neuroprotectant in post cardiac arrest patients. CJEM. 2006;8:329-37.
35. Brooks SC, Morrison LJ. Implementation of therapeutic hypothermia guidelines for post-cardiac arrest syndrome at a glacial pace: Seeking guidance from the knowledge translation literature. Resuscitation. 2008;77:286-92.
36. Acosta P, Varon J. Therapeutic hypothermia from the bench to the bedside: Are we there yet? Resuscitation. 2008;79: 183-4.
37. Rittenberger JC, Guyette FX, Tisherman SA, DeVita MA, Alvarez RJ, Callaway CW. Outcomes of a hospital-wide plan to improve care of comatose survivors of cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2008;79:198-204.
38. Ewy GA, Kern KB. Recent advances in cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Cardiocerebral resuscitation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53:149-57.
39. University of Chicago: Emergency Resuscitation Center. Available at: http://hypothermia.uchicago.edu/. Accessed 24 October 2008.
40. Bro-Jeppesen J, Kjaergaard J, Horsted TI, Wanscher MC, Nielsen SL, Rasmussen LS, et al. The impact of therapeutic hypothermia on neurological function and quality of life after cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2009;80:171-6.
41. Krinsley JS. Effect of an intensive glucose management protocol on the mortality of critically ill adult patients. Mayo Clin Proc. 2004;79:992-1000.
42. Van den Berghe G, Wouters P, Weekers F, Verwaest C, Bruyninckx F, Schetz M, et al. Intensive insulin therapy in the critically ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:1359-67.
43. Van den Berghe G, Wilmer A, Hermans G, Meersseman W, Wouters PJ, Milants I, et al. Intensive insulin therapy in the medical ICU. N Engl J Med. 2006;354:449-61.
44. Krinsley JS, Jones RL. Cost analysis of intensive glycemic control in critically ill adult patients. Chest. 2006;129: 644-50.
45. Van Den Berghe G, Wouters PJ, Kesteloot K, Hilleman DE. Analysis of healthcare resource utilization with intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med. 2006;34:612-6.
46. Oksanen T, Skrifvars MB, Varpula T, Kuitunen A, Pettilä V, Nurmi J, et al. Strict versus moderate glucose control after resuscitation from ventricular fibrillation. Intensive Care Med. 2007;33:2093-100.
47. Wiener RS, Wiener DC, Larson RJ. Benefits and risk of tight glucose control in critically ill adults: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2008;300:933-44.
48. The NICE-SUGAR Study Investigators. Intensive versus conventional glucose control in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 2009;360:1283-97.
49. Beiser DG, Carr GE, Edelson DP, Peberdy MA, Vanden Hoek TL. Derangements in blood glucose following initial resuscitation from in-hospital cardiac arrest: A report from the national registry of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Resuscitation. 2009;80:624-30.
50. Caviness JN, Brown P. Myoclonus: current concepts and recent advances. Lancet Neurol. 2004;3:598-607.
51. Sandroni C, Nolan J, Cavallaro F, Antonelli M. In-hospital cardiac arrest: incidence, prognosis, and possible measures to improve survival. Intensive Care Med. 2007;33:237-45.
52. Wijdicks EF, Hijdra A, Young GB, Bassetti CL, Wiebe S. Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Practice parameter: prediction of outcome in comatose survivors after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (an evidence-based review): Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2006;67:203-10.
53. Sacco RL, VanGool R, Mohr JP, Hauser WA. Nontraumatic coma: Glasgow coma score and coma etiology as predictors of 2-week outcome. Arch Neurol. 1990;47:1181-4.
54. Wijdicks EF, Bamlet WR, Maramattom BV, Manno EM, McClelland RL. Validation of a new coma scale: the FOUR score. Ann Neurol. 2005;58:585-93.
55. Booth CM, Boone RH, Tomlinson G, Detsky AS. Is the patient dead, vegetative, or severely neurologically impaired? Assessing outcome for comatose survivors of cardiac arrest. JAMA. 2004;291:870-9.
56. Zandbergen EG, Hijdra A, Koelman JH, Hart AA, Vos PE, Verbeek MM, et al. PROPAC Study Group. Prediction of poor outcome within the first 3 days of postanoxic coma. Neurology. 2006;66:62-8.
57. Oksanen T, Tiainen M, Skrifvars MB, Varpula T, Kuitunen A, Castrén M, et al. Predictive power of serum NSE and OHCA score regarding 6-month neurologic outcome after out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation and therapeutic hypothermia. Resuscitation. 2009;80:165-70.
58. Ekmektzoglou KA, Xanthos T, Papadimitriou L. Biochemical markets (NSE, S-100, IL-8) as predictors of neurological outcome in patients after cardiac arrest and return of spontaneous circulation. Resuscitation. 2007;75:219-28.
59. Pfeifer R, Ferrari M, Börner A, Deufel T, Figulla HR. Serum concentration of NSE and S-100b during LVAD in nonresuscitated patients. Resuscitation. 2008;79:46-53.
60. Tiainen M, Roine RO, Pettilä V, Takkunen O. Serum neuron-specific enolase and S-100B protein in cardiac arrest patients treated with hypothermia. Stroke. 2003;34:2881-6.
61. Tiainen M, Kovala TT, Takkunen OS, Roine RO. Somatosensory and brainstem auditory evoked potentials in cardiac arrest patients treated with hypothermia. Crit Care Med. 2005;33:1736-40.