Tetrapod postural shift estimated from permian and triassic trackways

Palaeontology

Volumn 52, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 1029-1037

  Kubo, T ^a   Benton, Michael J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO   (Japan)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Limb posture; Permian; Tetrapods; Trackway; Triassic

Indexed keywords

LIMB; PERMIAN; POSTURE; TETRAPOD; TRACE FOSSIL; TRACKWAY; TRIASSIC;

SAURIA; SYNAPSIDA; TETRAPODA;

EID: 70350033677     PISSN: 00310239     EISSN: 14754983     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-4983.2009.00897.x     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Benton M J. Dinosaur success in the Triassic: a noncompetitive ecological model. Quarterly Review of Biology 1983, 58:29-51.
2. Benton M J. Scleromochlus taylori and the origin of dinosaur and pterosaurs. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 1999, 354:1423-1446.
3. Benton M J, Tverdokhlebov V P, Surkov M V. Ecosystem remodelling ong vertebrates at the Permian-Triassic boundary in Russia. Nature 2004, 432:97-100.
4. Biewener A A. Scaling body support in mammals: limb posture and muscle mechanics. Science 1989, 245:45-48.
5. Blob R W. Interspecific scaling of the hindlimb skeleton in lizards, crocodilians, felids and canids: does limb bone shape correlate with limb posture?. Journal of Zoology, London 2000, 250:507-531.
6. Blob R W. Evolution of hindlimb posture in non-mammalian therapsids: biomechanical tests of paleontological hypotheses. Paleobiology 2001, 27:14-38.
7. Bonaparte J F. Locomotion in rauisuchid thecodonts. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 1984, 3:210-218.
8. Carrano M T, Wilson J A. Taxon distributions and the tetrapod track record. Paleobiology 2001, 27:564-582.
9. Carrier D R. The evolution of locomotor stamina in tetrapods - circumventing a mechanical constraint. Paleobiology 1987, 13:326-341.
10. Charig A J, Joysey K A, Kemp T S. The evolution of the archosaur pelvis and hindlimb: an explanation in functional terms. Studies in vertebrate evolution 1972, 121-151. eds, Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh, pp
11. Demathieu G, Demathieu P. Chirotheria and other ichnotaxa of the European Triassic. Ichnos 2004, 11:79-88.
12. Elbroch M. Mammal tracks and sign: a guide to North American species 2003, Stackpole Books, Mechanicsburg, pp
13. Elbroch M, Marks E, Boretos C D. Bird tracks and sign: a guide to North American species 2001, Stackpole Books, Mechanicsburg, pp
14. Farlow J O, Pianka E R. Body form and trackway pattern in Australian desert monitors (Squamata, Varanidae); comparing zoological and ichnological diversity. Palaios 2000, 15:235-247.
15. Gatesy S M. Hind limb movements of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) and postual grades. Journal of Zoology, London 1991, 224:577-588.
16. Gower D J, Sennikov A G, Benton M J, Shishkin M A, Unwin D M, Kurochkin E N. Early archosaurs from Russia. The age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia 2000, 140-159. eds, Cambridge University Press, New York, pp
17. Gradstein F M, Ogg J G, Smith A G. A geologic time scale 2004 2004, 37 others, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp
18. Haubold H. Ichnia amphibiorum et reptiliorum fossilium. Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie 1971, Vol. 18, Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart, pp
19. Hutchinson J R. The evolution of locomotion in archosaurs. Comptes Rendus Palévol 2006, 5:519-530.
20. Jayne B C, Irschick D J. Effects of incline and speed on the three-dimensional hindlimb kinematics of a generalized iguanian lizard (Dipsosaurus dorsalis). Journal of Experimental Biology 1999, 202:43-159.
21. Jenkins F A. Limb posture and locomotion in the Virginia oppossum (Didelphis marsupialis) and in other non-cursorial mammals. Journal of Zoology, London 1971, 165:303-315.
22. Jenkins F A, Camazine S M. Hip structure and locomotion in ambulatory and cursorial carnivores. Journal of Zoology, London 1977, 181:351-370.
23. Kemp T S. Mammal-like reptiles and the origin of mammals 1982, Academic Press, London, pp
24. Lucas S G. Global Triassic tetrapod biostratigraphy and biochronology. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 1998, 143:347-384.
25. Lucas S G. Tetrapod footprint biostratigraphy and biochronology. Ichnos 2007, 14:5-38.
26. Mckeever P J. The behavioral and biostratigraphical significance and origin of vertebrate trackways from the Permian of Scotland. Palaios 1994, 9:477-487.
27. Parrish J M. The origin of crocodilian locomotion. Paleobiology 1987, 13:396-414.
28. Peabody F E. Trackways of living and fossil salamanders. University of California Publication in Zoology 1959, 63:1-72.
29. Ptaszynski T. Lower Triassic vertebrate footprints from Wióry Holy Cross Mountains, Poland. Acta Paleontologica Polonica 2000, 45:151-194.
30. Ray S, Chinsamy A. Functional aspects of the postcranial anatomy of the Permian dicynodont Diictodon and their ecological implications. Palaeontology 2003, 46:151-183.
31. Reilly S M, Elias J A. Locomotion in Alligator mississippiensis: Kinematic effects of speed and posture and their relevance to the sprawling-to-erect paradigm. Journal of Experimental Biology 1998, 201:2559-2574.
32. Sahney S, Benton M J. Recovery from the most profound mass extinction of all time. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences 2008, 275:759-765. doi
33. Sereno P C. Basal archosaurs: phylogenetic relationship and functional implications. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 1991, 11:1-53.
34. Sickler F. Die vorzüglichsten Fährten-Abdrücke urweltlicher Thiere in bunten Sandstein, aus den Sandsteinbruchen der Umgegend von Hildburghausen 1836, [Foreword to] Kessler, G, Kesselringsche Hofbuchhandlungen, Hildburghausen, pp
35. Smith R M H. Sedimentology and ichnology of floodplain paleosurfaces in the Beaufort Group (Late Permian), Karoo Sequence, South Africa. Palaios 1993, 8:339-357.
36. Spezzano L C, Jayne B C. The effects of surface diameter and incline on the hindlimb kinematics of an arboreal lizard (Anolis sagrei). Journal of Experimental Biology 2004, 207:2115-2131.
37. Stein B R, Casinos A. What is a cursorial mammal?. Journal of Zoology, London 1997, 242:185-192.
38. Sukhanov V B. General system of symmetrical locomotion of terrestrial vertebrates and some features of movement of Lower Tetrapods 1968, The Amerind Publishing Co., New Delhi, pp
39. Wilson J A. Integrating ichnofossil and body fossil records to estimate locomotor posture and spatiotemporal distribution of early sauropod dinosaurs; a stratocladistic approach. Paleobiology 2005, 31:400-423.