From rights to claims: The role of civil society in making rights real for vulnerable workers

Law and Society Review

Volumn 43, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 669-700

  Gleeson, Shannon ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 70350023325     PISSN: 00239216     EISSN: 15405893     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-5893.2009.00385.x     Document Type: Article

References (108)

1. Albiston, Catherine R. (2005 Rights Consciousness, Claiming Behavior, and the Dynamics of Litigation in L. B. Nielsen R. L. Nelson, eds., Handbook of Employment Discrimination Research: Rights and Realities. Dordrecht, The Netherlands : Springer.
2. Andersen, Ellen A. (2006) Out of the Closets & Into the Courts: Legal Opportunity Structure and Gay Rights Litigation. Ann Arbor : Univ. of Michigan Press.
3. Andrews, Tracy J., et al 2002 Negotiating Survival: Undocumented Mexican Immigrant Women in the Pacific Northwest 39 Social Science J. 431 49.
4. Avendaño, Ana Marielena Hincapié (2008) "The Rollback of Immigrant Workers' Civil Rights." Point of View, AFL-CIO,. (accessed 27 May 2009).
5. Azaroff, Lenore S., et al 2002 Occupational Injury and Illness Surveillance: Conceptual Filters Explain Underreporting 92 American J. of Public Health 1421 9.
6. Batalova, Jeanne (2008) "Mexican Immigrants in the United States." Migration Policy Institute, Washington, DC, (accessed 27 May 2009).
7. Bennett, James T. Bruce E. Kaufman (2007) What Do Unions Do? A Twenty-Year Perspective. New Brunswick, NJ : Transaction Publishers.
8. Bernhardt, Annette Siobhán McGrath (2005) "Trends in Wage and Hour Enforcement by the U.S. Department of Labor, 1975-2004." Economic Policy Brief, September. Brennan Center for Justice, New York.
9. Bloemraad, Irene (2006) Becoming a Citizen: Incorporating Immigrants and Refugees in the United States and Canada. Berkeley : Univ. of California Press.
10. Brace, Paul R. Melinda G. Hall (1997 The Interplay of Preferences, Case Facts, Context, and Rules in the Politics of Judicial Choice 59 J. of Politics 1206 31.
11. Budd, John W. (2007 The Effect of Unions on Employee Benefits and Non-Wage Compensation: Monopoly Power, Collective Voice, and Facilitation in J. T. Bennett B. E. Kaufman, eds., What Do Unions Do? A Twenty-Year Perspective. New Brunswick, NJ : Transaction Publishers.
12. Bumiller, Kristin (1992) The Civil Rights Society: The Social Construction of Victims. Baltimore : Johns Hopkins Univ. Press.
13. Bureau of Labor Statistics (2008a) "Access to Historical Data for the Tables of the Union Membership News Release." U.S. Department of Labor, (accessed 27 May 2009).
14. Bureau of Labor Statistics (2008b) "Statewide Data Tables: Unemployment Rates for States (2000-2005)." Local Area Unemployment Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, (accessed 27 May 2009).
15. Burstein, Paul (1991 Legal Mobilization as a Social Movement Tactic: The Struggle for Equal Employment Opportunity 96 American J. of Sociology 1201 25.
16. Burstein, Paul Kathleen Monaghan (1986 Equal Employment Opportunity and the Mobilization of Law 20 Law & Society Rev. 355 88.
17. California Department of Industrial Relations (2009) "Undocumented Worker Rights." (accessed 25 March 2009).
18. Cameron, Adrian C. Pravin K. Trivedi (1998) Regression Analysis of Count Data. Cambridge, UK : Cambridge Univ. Press.
19. Centre for Civil Society (2004) "What Is Civil Society?" London School of Economics, (accessed 25 March 2009).
20. Cho, Chi C., et al 2007 An Interfaith Workers' Center Approach to Workplace Rights: Implications for Workplace Safety and Health 49 J. of Occupational & Environmental Medicine 275 81.
21. Cordero-Guzmán, Héctor (2005 Community-Based Organisations and Migration in New York City 31 J. of Ethnic and Migration Studies 889 909.
22. Cross, Frank B. Emerson H. Tiller (1998 Judicial Partisanship and Obedience to Legal Doctrine: Whistleblowing on the Federal Courts of Appeals 107 Yale Law J. 2155 76.
23. de Graauw, Els (2008 Nonprofit Organizations: Agents of Immigrant Political Incorporation in Urban America in S. K. Ramakrishnan I. Bloemraad, eds., Civic Hopes and Political Realities: Community Organizations and Political Engagement among Immigrants in the United States and Abroad. New York : Russell Sage Foundation Press.
24. Doh, Jonathan P. Terrence R. Guay (2004 Globalization and Corporate Social Responsibility: How Non-Governmental Organizations Influence Labor and Environmental Codes of Conduct 44 Management International Rev. 7 29.
25. Donohue, John J., III. Peter Siegelman (1991 The Changing Nature of Employment Discrimination Litigation 43 Stanford Law Rev. 983 1033.
26. Edelman, Lauren B. (1992 Legal Ambiguity and Symbolic Structures: Organizational Mediation of Civil Rights Law 97 American J. of Sociology 1531 76.
27. Edelman, Lauren B. (2004 Rivers of Law and Contested Terrain: A Law and Society Approach to Economic Rationality 38 Law & Society Rev. 181 98.
28. Epp, Charles R. (1990 Connecting Litigation Levels and Legal Mobilization: Explaining Interstate Variation in Employment Civil Rights Litigation 24 Law & Society Rev. 145.
29. Epp, Charles R. (1998) The Rights Revolution: Lawyers, Activists, and Supreme Courts in Comparative. Chicago : Univ. of Chicago Press.
30. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (2002a) "EEOC Compliance Manual, Section 13: National Origin Discrimination." (accessed 27 May 2009).
31. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (2002b) "EEOC Expands Immigrant Rights Partnership to Include OSHA, DOJ, and Latin American Consulates." (accessed 27 May 2009).
32. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (2008a) "About National Origin Discrimination." (accessed 27 May 2009).
33. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (2008b) "Charge Statistics: FY 1997 Through FY 2007." (accessed 27 May 2009).
34. Ewick, Patricia Susan S. Silbey (1998) The Common Place of Law: Stories from Everyday Life. Chicago : Univ. of Chicago Press.
35. Felstiner, William L. F., et al 1980 The Emergence and Transformation of Disputes: Naming, Blaming, Claiming 15 Law & Society Rev. 631 54.
36. Fine, Janice (2006) Worker Centers: Organizing Communities at the Edge of the Dream. Ithaca, NY : ILR Press.
37. Foo, Lora Jo (1994 The Vulnerable and Exploitable Immigrant Workforce and the Need for Strengthening Worker Protective Legislation 103 Yale Law J. 2179 212.
38. Gereffi, Gary, et al 2001 The NGO-Industrial Complex 125 Foreign Policy 56 65.
39. Geronimus, Arline T. John Bound (1999 The Authors Reply, Re: 'Use of Census-Based Aggregate Variables to Proxy for Socioeconomic Group: Evidence from National Samples' 150 American J. of Epidemiology 894 96.
40. Gleeson, Shannon (2008 Organizing for Latino Immigrant Labor Rights in Two U.S. Cities: The Case of San Jose and Houston in S. K. Ramakrishnan I. Bloemraad, eds., Civic Hopes and Political Realities: Immigrants, Community Organizations, and Political Engagement. New York : Russell Sage Foundation Press.
41. Gordon, Jennifer (2007) Suburban Sweatshops: The Fight for Immigrant Rights. Cambridge, MA : Belknap Press.
42. Gordon, Jennifer Robin A. Lenhardt (2006 Citizenship Talk: Bridging the Gap between Immigration and Race Perspectives 75 Fordham Law Rev. 1493.
43. Gordon, Milton M. (1964) Assimilation in American Life: The Role of Race, Religion, and National Origin. Oxford, UK : Oxford Univ. Press.
44. Heinrich, Volkhart F. (2005 Studying Civil Society Across the World: Exploring the Thorny Issues of Conceptualization and Measurement 1 J. of Civil Society 211 28.
45. Hirsh, C. Elizabeth (2008 Settling for Less? Organizational Determinants of Discrimination-Charge Outcomes 42 Law & Society Rev. 239 74.
46. Hirsh, C. Elizabeth Sabino Kornrich (2008 The Context of Discrimination: Workplace Conditions, Institutional Environments, and Sex and Race Discrimination Charges 113 American J. of Sociology 1394 432.
47. Hitlin, Steven, et al 2007 Measuring Latinos: Racial vs. Ethnic Classification and Self-Understandings 86 Social Forces 587.
48. Hoffmann, Elizabeth A. (2003 Legal Consciousness and Dispute Resolution: Different Disputing Behavior at Two Similar Taxicab Companies 28 Law & Social Inquiry 691 716.
49. Internal Revenue Service (2009) "Instructions for Form 990 and Form 990-EZ (2007)." (accessed 25 March 2009).
50. Jayaraman, Saru Immanuel Ness (2005) The New Urban Immigrant Workforce: Innovative Models for Labor Organizing. Armonk, NY : M. E. Sharpe.
51. Jolls, Christine (2004 The Role and Functioning of Public-Interest Legal Organizations in the Enforcement of the Employment Laws in R. Freeman et al., eds., Emerging Labor Market Institutions for the Twenty-First Century. Chicago : Univ. of Chicago Press.
52. Karson, Tom (2006 Confronting Houston's Demographic Shift: The Harris County AFL-CIO in Building Regional Power Research Project. Detroit, MI : Labor Studies Center, Wayne State University.
53. Keck, Margaret E. Kathryn Sikkink (1998) Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics. Ithaca, NY : Cornell Univ. Press.
54. Legal Services Corporation (2006) Report to the Subcommittee on Commercial and Administrative Law of the House Committee on the Judiciary Regarding Activities of California Rural Legal Assistance, Inc, 14 Sept. Washington, DC: Office of Inspector General.
55. Lichtenstein, Nelson (2002) State of the Union: A Century of American Labor. Princeton, NJ : Princeton Univ. Press.
56. Marwell, Nicole P. (2007) Bargaining for Brooklyn: Community Organizations in the Entrepreneurial City. Chicago : Univ. of Chicago Press.
57. McCammon, Holly J. (2001 Labor's Legal Mobilization: Why and When Do Workers File Unfair Labor Practices? 28 Work and Occupations 143 75.
58. McCann, Michael W. (1994) Rights at Work: Pay Equity Reform and the Politics of Legal Mobilization. Chicago : Univ. of Chicago Press.
59. McVeigh, Rory, et al 2003 Hate Crime Reporting as a Successful Social Movement Outcome 68 American Sociological Rev. 843 67.
60. Mehta, Chirag, et al 2002) "Chicago's Undocumented Immigrants: An Analysis of Wages, Working Conditions, and Economic Contributions." Center for Urban Economic Development, University of Illinois at Chicago, (accessed 27 May 2009).
61. Merry, Sally Engle (1990) Getting Justice and Getting Even: Legal Consciousness among Working-Class Americans. Chicago Series in Law and Society. Chicago : Univ. of Chicago Press.
62. Milkman, Ruth (2006) L.A. Story: Immigrant Workers and the Future of the U.S. Labor Movement. Ithaca, NY : Russell Sage Foundation Publications.
63. Milkman, Ruth Bongoh Kye (2007) "The State of the Unions in 2007: A Profile of Union Membership in Los Angeles, California, and the Nation." UCLA Institute for Research on Labor and Employment, (accessed 27 May 2009).
64. National Center for Charitable Statistics (2008) "NCCS Search NTEE Definitions, R-Civil Rights, Social Action & Advocacy." Urban Institute. (accessed 27 May 2009).
65. Ness, Immanuel (2005) Immigrants, Unions, and the New US Labor Market. Philadelphia: Temple Univ. Press.
66. Nielsen, Laura B. Robert L. Nelson (2005 Rights Realized? An Empirical Analysis of Employment Discrimination Litigation as a Claiming System 2 Wisconsin Law Rev. 663 711.
67. Nielsen, Laura B., Robert L. Nelson Ryon Lancaster (2008a) "Uncertain Justice: Litigating Claims of Employment Discrimination in the Contemporary United States." Third Annual Conference on Empirical Legal Studies Papers, No. 08-04, 13 Sept. American Bar Foundation Research Paper. (accessed 27 May 2009).
68. Nielsen, Laura Beth, Robert L. Nelson, Ryon Lancaster Nicholas Pedriana (2008b) "Contesting Workplace Discrimination in Court: Characteristics and Outcomes of Federal Employment Discrimination Litigation 1987-2003." American Bar Foundation. (accessed 27 May 2009).
69. Nissen, Bruce, et al 2008 Immigrant Construction Workers and Health and Safety: The South Florida Experience 33 Labor Studies J. 48.
70. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (2005) "Table 1. Incidence rates (1) of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses by industry and case types, 2004." U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, (accessed 27 May 2009).
71. O'Rourke, Dara (2003 Outsourcing Regulation: Analyzing Nongovernmental Systems of Labor Standards and Monitoring 31 Policy Studies J. 1 29.
72. Parker, Wendy (2005) "Lessons in Losing: Race and National Origin Employment Discrimination Litigation in Federal District Court." Wake Forest University Legal Studies Paper No. 05-09, 1 Feb. (accessed 27 May 2009).
73. Passel, Jeffrey S. (2006) Size and Characteristics of the Unauthorized Migrant Population in the U.S. Washington, DC : Pew Hispanic Center.
74. Pew Hispanic Center (2008) "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2006." January 23. Washington, DC. (accessed 27 May 2009).
75. Pollert, Anna (2005 The Unorganised Worker: The Decline in Collectivism and New Hurdles to Individual Employment Rights 34 Industrial Law J. 217 38.
76. Putnam, Robert D. (2000) Bowling Alone. The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York : Simon and Schuster.
77. Ramakrishnan, S. Karthick (2005) Democracy in Immigrant America. Stanford, CA : Stanford Univ. Press.
78. Restaurant Opportunities Center of New York (2005) "Behind the Kitchen Door: Pervasive Inequality in New York City's Thriving Restaurant Industry." Restaurant Opportunities Center of New York and the New York City Restaurant Industry Coalition, (accessed 27 May 2009).
79. Rodriguez, Clara E. (2000) Changing Race: Latinos, the Census, and the History of Ethnicity in the United States. New York : New York Univ. Press.
80. Rosenberg, Gerald N. (1991) The Hollow Hope: Can Courts Bring about Social Change? Chicago : Univ. of Chicago Press.
81. Rubenstein, William B. (2001 Do Gay Rights Laws Matter? An Empirical Assessment 75 Southern California Law Rev. 68.
82. Salamon, Lester M. (2002 The New Governance and the Tools of Public Action: An Introduction in L. M. Salamon, ed., The Tools of Government: A Guide to the New Governance. Oxford, UK : Oxford Univ. Press.
83. Salcido, Olivia Madelaine Beth Adelman (2004 He Has Me Tied With the Blessed and Damned Papers: Undocumented-Immigrant Battered Women in Phoenix, Arizona 63 Human Organization 162 72.
84. Sampson, Robert J., et al 2005 Civil Society Reconsidered: The Durable Nature and Community Structure of Collective Civic Action 111 American J. of Sociology 673 714.
85. Scheingold, Stuart A. (2004) The Politics of Rights: Lawyers, Public Policy, and Political Change. Ann Arbor : Univ. of Michigan Press.
86. Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores (2008) "Consulado Firma Acuerdo Con Comisión de Igualdad Para Proteger A Los Trabajadores Mexicanos." Press release, 25 Nov. (accessed 27 May 2009).
87. Skocpol, Theda (2003) Diminished Democracy: From Membership to Management in American Civic Life, Vol. 8. Rothbaum Series. Norman, OK : Univ. of Oklahoma Press.
88. Skocpol, Theda Morris P. Fiorina (1999) Civic Engagement in American Democracy. Washington, DC : Brookings Institution Press.
89. Smith, Adrian A. (2005 Legal Consciousness and Resistance in Caribbean Seasonal Agricultural Workers 20 Canadian J. of Law and Society 95 122.
90. Smith, Kelly E. (2003) "Conditions and Legal Consciousness of Homeless Day Laborers in Tucson, Arizona." Center for Applied Sociology, Department of Sociology, University of Arizona, (27 May 2009).
91. Sunnucks, Mike (2008) "EEOC Reports Increase in Claims by Hispanic Workers," Phoenix Business Journal, 15 Feb. (accessed 27 May 2009).
92. Tait, Vanessa (2005) Poor Workers' Unions: Rebuilding Labor From Below. Cambridge, MA : South End Press.
93. Tiller, Emerson H. Frank B. Cross (1999 A Modest Proposal for Improving American Justice 99 Columbia Law Rev. 215 34.
94. U.S. Department of Labor Wage and Hour Division (2006) "Northridge Apparel Firm Ordered to Pay Nearly $120,000 in Back Wages, Damages." (accessed 27 May 2009).
95. U.S. Department of Labor Wage and Hour Division (2007) "Fact Sheet 48: Application of U.S. Labor Laws to Immigrant Workers: Effect of Hoffman Plastics Decision on Laws Enforced by the Wage and Hour Division." (accessed 27 May 2009). (accessed 27 May 2009).
96. U.S. Department of Labor Wage and Hour Division (2008) Changes in Basic Minimum Wages in Non-Farm Employment Under State Law: Selected Years 1968 to 2008. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Labor, Employment Standards Administration, Wage and Hour Division.
97. Valenzuela, Abel, Jr., et al 2006) "On the Corner: Day Labor in the United States." UCLA Center for the Study of Urban Poverty, Los Angeles, January. (accessed 27 May 2009).
98. Van Hook, Jennifer Frank D. Bean (2009 Explaining the Distinctiveness of Mexican-Immigrant Welfare Behaviors: The Importance of Employment-Related Cultural Repertoires 74 American Sociological Rev. 423 44.
99. Verba, Sidney, et al 1993 Race, Ethnicity, and Political Resources: Participation in the United States 23 British J. of Political Science 453 97.
100. Wakefield, Sara Christopher Uggen (2004 The Declining Significance of Race in Federal Civil Rights Law: The Social Structure of Employment Discrimination Claims 74 Sociological Inquiry 128 57.
101. Waxman, Peter (1998 Service Provision and the Needs of Newly Arrived Refugees in Sydney, Australia: A Descriptive Analysis 32 International Migration Rev. 761 77.
102. Weil, David N. (2003) "Individual Rights and Collective Agents: The Role of Old and New Workplace Institutions in the Regulation of Labor Markets." NBER Working Paper No. 9565.
103. Wooldridge, Jeffrey M. (2002) Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data. Cambridge, MA : MIT Press.
104. Zemans, Frances Kahn (1983 Legal Mobilization: The Neglected Role of the Law in the Political System 77 American Political Science Rev. 690 703.
105. Zemans, Frances Kahn (2006 Framework for Analysis of Legal Mobilization: A Decision-Making Model 7 Law & Social Inquiry 989 1071.
106. Hoffman Plastics v. National Labor Relations Board (00-1595) 535 U.S. 137 (2002); 237 F.3d 639, reversed.
107. Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title VII, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2(a)(1) (1965) (amended 1982).
108. Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 [IRCA], Pub. L. No. 99-603, 100 Stat. 3359.