Shaped by race: Why "race" still matters in the challenges facing biodiversity conservation in Africa

Local Environment

Volumn 14, Issue 9, 2009, Pages 871-878

  Kepe, Thembela ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Conservation; Poverty reduction; Race; South Africa

Indexed keywords

BIODIVERSITY; COLONIALISM; CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT; POLITICAL CHANGE; POVERTY ALLEVIATION; RACE; SOCIAL CHANGE;

AFRICA; SOUTH AFRICA; SOUTHERN AFRICA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA;

EID: 70349847380     PISSN: 13549839     EISSN: 14696711     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13549830903164185     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Adams, W.M., et al., 2004. Biodiversity conservation and the eradication of poverty. Science, 306 (5699),1146-1149.
2. Agrawal, A. and Ostrom, E., 2006. Political science and conservation biology: a dialog of the deaf. Conservation Biology, 20 (3), 681-682.
3. Aliber, M.,2003. Chronic poverty in South Africa: incidence, causes and policies. World Development, 31 (3), 473-490.
4. Ashley, C. and Roe, D., 2002. Making tourism work for the poor: strategies and challenges in southern Africa. Development Southern Africa, 19 (1), 61-82.
5. Beinart, W., 2000. African history and environmental history. African Affairs, 99 (395), 269-302.
6. Benjaminsen, T.A., Kepe, T., and Bråthen, B., 2008. Between global interests and local needs: con-servation and land reform in Namaqualand, South Africa. Africa, 78 (2), 223-244.
7. Botha, J., Witkowski, E.T.F., and Cock, J., 2005. A review of nurseries as conservation or social forestry outreach tools. International Journal of Biodiversity Science and Management, 1 (1),33-51.
8. Brockington, D., Igoe, J., and Schmidt-Soltau, K., 2006. Conservation, human rights, and poverty reduction. Conservation Biology, 20 (1), 250-252.
9. Child, B., ed., 2004. Parks in transition: biodiversity, rural development and the bottom line. London: Earthscan.
10. Cock, J., 1991. The politics of ecology. In: M. Ramphele and C. McDowell, eds. Restoring the land: environment and change in post-apartheid South Africa. London: Panos Publications, 13-20.
11. Cock, J. and Fig, D., 2000. From colonial to community based conservation: environmental justice and the national parks of South Africa. Society in Transition, 31 (1), 22-35.
12. Cooper, K. and Swart, W., 1992. Transkei forest survey. Durban, South Africa: Wildllife Society of South Africa.
13. Du Toit, J.T., Walker, B.H., and Campbell, B.M., 2004. Conserving tropical nature: current challenges for ecologists. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 19 (1), 12-17.
14. Endangered Wildlife Trust, 2008. Available from: https://www.ewt.org.za/workgroups_overview.aspx?group=leadership&pag e=overview [Accessed 03 April 2008].
15. Foreman, D., 2006. Take back conservation movement. International Journal of Wilderness, 12 (1), 4-8/31.
16. Henkel, C.C., 1894. Tree planting for ornamental and economic purposes in the Transkeian Territories, South Africa. Pinetown, South Africa: Marianhill.
17. Hutton, J., Adams, W.M., and Murombedzi, J.C., 2005. Back to the barriers? Changing narratives in biodiversity conservation. Forum for Development Studies, 32 (2), 341-370.
18. Kepe, T., 2001. Tourism, protected areas and development in South Africa: views of visitors to Mkambati Nature Reserve. South African Journal of Wildlife Research, 31 (3&4), 155-159.
19. Kepe, T., 2004. Land restitution and biodiversity conservation in South Africa: the case of Mkambati, Eastern Cape Province. Canadian Journal of African Studies, 38 (3), 688-704.
20. Kepe, T., Saruchera, M., and Whande, W., 2004. Poverty alleviation and biodiversity conservation: a South African perspective. Oryx, 38 (2), 143-145.
21. Khan, F., 1990. Involvement of the masses in environmental politics. Veld and Flora, 76 (2), 36-38.
22. Khan, F., 1994. Rewriting South Africa's conservation history: the role of the Native Farmers Association. Journal of Southern African Studies, 20 (4), 499-516.
23. King, N.L., 1936. Address on forestry in Transkei, Magisterial conference, Umtata, South Africa.
24. Kobokana, S., 2007. Reconciling poverty reduction and biodiversity conservation: the case of Expanded Public Works Programme (EPWP) in Hluleka and Mkambati Nature Reserves, South Africa. Unpublished Master of Philosophy thesis, University of the Western Cape, South Africa.
25. Kothari, U., 2006a. Critiquing race and racism in development discourse and practice. Progress in Development Studies, 6 (1), 1-7.
26. Kothari, U., 2006b. An agenda for thinking about race in development. Progress in Development Studies, 6 (1), 9-23.
27. Leach, M. and Mearns, R., 1996. Environmental change and policy: challenging received wisdom in Africa. In: M. Leach and R. Mearns, eds. The lie of the land: challenging the received wisdom on the African environment. Oxford: James Currey, 1-33.
28. Mare, G.,2001. Race counts in contemporary South Africa:an illusion of ordinariness. Transformation, 47 (1), 75-93.
29. Marris, E., 2007. Conserving life and livelihood. Nature, 448 (7150), 111.
30. McGregor, J., 2005. Introduction: landscape, politics and historical geography of southern Africa. Journal of Historical Geography, 31 (2), 205-219.
31. Muir, A., 2002. Strengthening wilderness in South Africa: strategy and programs of Wilderness Foundation SA. International Journal of Wilderness, 8 (2), 4-8.
32. Nelson, R.H., 2003. Environmental colonialism: saving Africa from Africans. The Independent Review, 8 (1), 65-86.
33. Neumann, R., 2004. Moral and discursive geographies in the war for biodiversity in Africa. Political Geography, 23 (7), 813-837.
34. Pulido, L., 1996. A critical review of the methodology of environmental racism research. Antipode, 28 (2),142-159.
35. Ramutsindela, M., 2004. Parks and people in postcolonial societies: experiences in southern Africa. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic.
36. Rogerson, C., 2006. Pro-poor local economic development in South Africa: the role of pro-poor tourism. Local Environment, 11 (1), 37-60.
37. Sanderson, S.E. and Redford, K.H., 2003. Contested relationship between biodiversity conservation and poverty alleviation. Oryx, 37 (4), 389-390.
38. Seekings, J., 2008. The continuing salience of race: discrimination and diversity in South Africa. Journal of Contemporary African Studies, 26 (1), 1-25.
39. Sim, T.R., 1907. The forests and forest flora of the cape of Good Hope. Aberdeen, UK: Taylor and Henderson.
40. South Africa Info, 2005. Local is lekker for SA tourists. South Africa Info, 16 August, p.1.
41. Spenceley, A., 2006. Ecotourism: benefits for conservation and local people? African Wildlife, 60 (3), 16-18.
42. Teelucksingh, C., 2007. Environmental racialization: linking racialization to the environment in Canada. Local Environment, 12 (6), 645-661.
43. White, S., 2002. Thinking race, thinking development. Third World Quarterly, 23 (3), 407-419.