Statistical approach to color quality of solid-state lamps

IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics

Volumn 15, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 1189-1198

  Žukauskas, Arturas ^a   Vaicekauskas, Rimantas ^a   Ivanauskas, Feliksas ^a   Vaitkevičius, Henrikas ^a   Vitta, Prancikus ^a   Shur, Michael S ^b  

^a VILNIUS UNIVERSITY   (Lithuania)

^b RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Color rendering; Fluorescent lamps; LEDs; Solidstate lighting

Indexed keywords

COLOR DISCRIMINATION; COLOR QUALITY; COLOR RENDERING; COLOR RENDITION; CORRELATED COLOR TEMPERATURE; HIGH FIDELITY; LEDS; SOLIDSTATE LIGHTING; STATISTICAL APPROACH; TEST SAMPLES; WHITE LIGHT;

COLOR VISION; FLUORESCENCE; FLUORESCENT LAMPS; LIGHT; LIGHT SOURCES;

COLOR;

EID: 70349316456     PISSN: 1077260X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2009.2019113     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. A. Zukauskas, M. S. Shur, and R. Gaska, Introduction to Solid-State Lighting. New York: Wiley, 2002.
2. E. F. Schubert and J. K. Kim, "Solid-state light sources getting smart," Science, vol.308, no.5726, pp. 1274-1278, May 2005.
3. M. Shur and A. Zukauskas, "Solid-state lighting: Toward superior illumi- nation," Proc. IEEE, vol.93, no.10, pp. 1691-1703, Oct. 2005.
4. E. F. Schubert, J. K. Kim, H. Luo, and J.-Q. Xi, "Solid-state lighting-a benevolent technology," Rep. Prog. Phys., vol.69, no.12, pp. 3069-3099, Dec. 2006.
5. Y. Narukawa, M. Sano, M. Ichikawa, S. Minato, T. Sakamoto, T. Tamada, and T. Mukai, "Improvement of luminous efficiency in white light emitting diodes by reducing a forward-bias voltage," Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., vol.46, no.40, pp. L963-L965, Oct. 2007.
6. M. R. Krames, O. B. Shchekin, R. Mueller-Mach, G. O. Mueller, L. Zhou, G. Harbers, and M. G. Craford, "Status and future of high-power light-emitting diodes for solid-state lighting," J. Disp. Technol., vol.3, no.2, pp. 160-175, Jun. 2007.
7. J. Ibbetson, D. Emerson, M. Bergmann, J. Edmond, M. Donofrio, D. Slater, H. S. Kong, C. Hussell, R. LeToquin, N. Cannon, J. Britt, A. Chitnis, E. Tarsa, and B. Keller, "Status of high power white LEDs-beyond 100 LPW in volume production," presented at the Int. Workshop Nitride Semicond., Montreux, Switzerland, Oct. 6-10, 2008, Paper Tu-II-3.
8. B. Hahn, A. Weimar, M. Peter, and J. Baur, "High-power InGaN LEDs: Present status and future prospects," Proc. SPIE, vol.6910, pp. 691004-1-691004-8, 2008.
9. Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage, "Method of measuring and specifying colour rendering properties of light sources," Pub. CIE 13 1965.
10. D. Nickerson and C. W. Jerome, "Color rendering of light sources: CIE method of specification and its application," Illum. Eng., vol.60, pp. 262-271, Apr. 1965.
11. Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage, "Method of measuring and specifying colour rendering properties of light sources," Pub. CIE 13.3 1995.
12. C. van Trigt, "Color rendering, a reassessment," Color. Res. Appl., vol.24, no.3, pp. 197-206, Jun. 1999.
13. J. Schanda, "The concept of color rendering revisited," in Proc. 1st Eur. Conf. Colour Graph., Image, Vis., Poitier, France, 2002, pp. 37-41.
14. J. A. Worthey, "Color rendering: Asking the question," Color Res. Appl., vol.28, no.6, pp. 403-412, Dec. 2003.
15. P. Bodrogi, "Colour rendering: Past, present (2004), and future," in Proc. CIE Expert Symp. LED Light Sources: Phys. Meas. Visual Photobiol. Assess., 2004, pp. 12-15.
16. X. Guo and K. W. Houser, "A review of color rendering indices and their application to commercial light sources," Lighting Res. Technol., vol.36, no.3, pp. 183-189, Sep. 2004.
17. W. Davis and Y. Ohno, "Toward and improved color rendering metrics," Proc. SPIE, vol.5941, pp. 59411G-1-59411G-8, 2005.
18. N. Sandor and J. Schanda, "Visual color rendering based on color difference evaluations," Lighting Res. Technol., vol.38, no.3, pp. 225-239, Sep. 2006.
19. Commission Internationale del'Eclairage, "Colour rendering of white LED sources," Pub. CIE 177, 2007.
20. A. Zukauskas, R. Vaicekauskas, F. Ivanauskas, H. Vaitkevicius, and M. S. Shur, "Rendering a color palette by light-emitting diodes," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.93, no.2, pp. 021109-1-021109-3, Jul. 2008.
21. J. Schanda, "Colour rendering, CIE TC 1-33 closing remarks," in Proc. CIE Collection 1999. Vis. Colour. Phys. Meas. Light Radiat., pp. 10-17.
22. D. B. Judd, "A flattery index for artificial illuminants," Illum. Eng., vol.62, pp. 593-598, Oct. 1967.
23. W. A. Thornton, "A validation of the color-preference index," J. Illum. Eng. Soc., vol.4, pp. 48-52, Oct. 1974.
24. W. A. Thornton, "Color-discrimination index," J. Opt. Soc. Amer., vol.62, no.2, pp. 191-194, Feb. 1972.
25. S. M. Aston and H. E. Bellchambers, "Illumination, color rendering, and visual clarity," Lighting Res. Technol., vol.1, no.4, pp. 259-261, Dec. 1969.
26. K. Hashimoto and Y. Nayatani, "Visual clarity and feeling of contrast," Color Res. Appl., vol.19, no.3, pp. 171-185, Jun. 1994.
27. H. Xu, "Color-rendering capacity of illumination," J. Opt. Soc. Amer., vol.73, no.12, pp. 1709-1713, Dec. 1983.
28. M. S. Rea and J. P. Freyssinier-Nova, "Color rendering: A tale of two metrics," Color Res. Appl., vol.33, no.3, pp. 192-202, Jun. 2008.
29. M. R. Pointer, "Measuring colour rendering-a new approach," Lighting Res. Technol., vol.18, no.4, pp. 175-184, Dec. 1986.
30. J. A. Worthey, "Color rendering: A calculation that estimates colorimetric shifts," Color Res. Appl., vol.29, no.1, pp. 43-56, Feb. 2004.
31. N. Narendran, N. Maliyagoda, L. Deng, and R. Pysar, "Characterizing LEDs for general illumination applications: Mixed-color and phosphor-based white sources," Proc. SPIE, vol.4445, pp. 137-147, 2001.
32. A. Zukauskas, F. Ivanauskas, R. Vaicekauskas, M. S. Shur, and R. Gaska, "Optimization of multichip white solid-state lighting source with four or more LEDs," Proc. SPIE, vol.4445, pp. 148-155, 2001.
33. A. Zukauskas, R. Vaicekauskas, F. Ivanauskas, R. Gaska, and M. S. Shur, "Optimization of white polychromatic semiconductor lamps," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.80, no.2, pp. 234-236, Jan. 2002.
34. H. Ries, I. Leike, and J. Muschaweck, "Optimized additive mixing of colored light-emitting diode sources," Opt. Eng., vol.43, no.7, pp. 1531-1536, Jul. 2004.
35. Y. Ohno, "Spectral design considerations for white LED color rendering," Opt. Eng., vol.44, no.11, pp. 111302-1-111302-9, Nov. 2005.
36. N. Narendran and L. Deng, "Color rendering properties of LED sources," Proc. SPIE, vol.4776, pp. 61-67, 2002.
37. I. Shakir and N. Narendran, "Evaluating white LEDs for outdoor landscape lighting application," Proc. SPIE, vol.4776, pp. 162-170, 2002.
38. A. Zukauskas, V. Viliunas, R. Stanikunas, A. Svegzda, H. Vaitkevicius, Z. Bliznikas, K. Breive, R. Vaicekauskas, A. Novickovas, G. Kurilcik, R. Gaska, and M. S. Shur, "Color perception under illumination by quadrichromatic solid-state lamp," Proc. SPIE, vol.5530, pp. 347-353, 2004.
39. P. Bodrogi, P. Csuti, P. Horvath, and J. Schanda, "Why does the CIE color rendering index fail for white RGB LED light sources?," in Proc. CIE Expert Symp. LED Light Sources: Phys. Meas. Visual Photobiol. Assess., 2004, pp. 24-27.
40. Y. Nakano, H. Tahara, H. Suehara, J. Kohda, and T. Yano, "Application of multispectral camera to color rendering simulator," in Proc. AIC Colour 05-10th Congr. Int. Colour Assoc., Granada, Spain, 2005, pp. 1625-1628.
41. R. Stanikunas, H. Vaitkevicius, A. Sveg zda, V. Viliunas, Z. Bliznikas, K. Breive, R. Vaicekauskas, A. Novi ckovas, G. Kuril cik, A. Zukauskas, R. Gaska, and M. S. Shur, "Polychromatic solid-state lamps versus tungsten radiator: Hue changes of Munsell samples," J. Phys. D, Appl. Phys., vol.38, no.17, pp. 3202-3207, Aug. 2005.
42. M. Thompson, U.M. O'Reilly, and R. Levin, "Psychophysical evaluations of various color rendering from LED-based architectural lighting," Proc. SPIE, vol.6669, pp. 66690Y-1-66690Y-12, 2007.
43. R. M. Boynton, L. Fargo, and B. L. Collins, "Categorical color rendering of four common light sources," Color Res. Appl, vol.15, no.4, pp. 222-230, Aug. 1990.
44. H. Yaguchi, Y. Takahashi, and S. Shioiri, "A proposal of color rendering index based on categorical color names," in Proc. Int. Lighting Congr., vol.II, Istanbul, 2001, pp. 421-426.
45. P. van Der Burgt and J. van Kemenade, "The challenge in communicating color rendition of light sources, the balance between simplicity and accuracy," in Proc. 6th Int. Symp. Light Color-EPRI Lighting Research Office, Orlando, FL, 2006, pp. S10-1-S10-11.
46. A. Zukauskas, R. Vaicekauskas, F. Ivanauskas, H. Vaitkevicius, and M. S. Shur, "Spectral optimization of phosphor-conversion light-emitting diodes for ultimate color rendering," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.93, no.5, pp. 051115-1-051115-3, Aug. 2008.
47. Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage, "A color appearance model for colour management systems: CIECAM02," Pub. CIE 159, 2004.
48. N. Moroney, M. D. Fairchild, R. W. G. Hunt, C. Li, M. R. Luo, and T. New-mann, "The CIECAM02 color appearance model," in Proc. IS&T/SID 10th Color Imaging Conf., Scottsdale, AZ, 2003, pp. 23-27.
49. Spectral Database, University of Joensuu Color Group [Online]. Available: http://spectral.joensuu.fi/
50. D. Nickerson, "Munsell renotations for samples of OSA uniform color scales," J. Opt. Soc. Amer., http://spectral.joensuu.fi/ [ 50]Nickerson vol.68, no.10, pp. 1343-1347, Oct. 1978.
51. R. S. Berns and F. W. Billmeyer, "Development of the 1929 Munsell book of color: A historical review," Color Res. Appl., vol.10, no.4, pp. 246-250, 1929.
52. D. L. MacAdam, "Visual sensitivities to color differences in daylight," J. Opt. Soc. Amer., vol.32, no.5, pp. 247-274, May 1942.
53. Specifications for the Chromaticity of Fluorescent Lamps, ANSI Standard C78.376-2001.
54. Specifications for the Chromaticity of Solid State Lighting Products, ANSI Standard C78.377-2008.
55. G. Wyszecki and W. S. Siles, Color Science. Concepts and Methods, Quantitative Data and Formulae. New York: Wiley, 2000, ch. 7.
56. D. L. MacAdam, "Specification of small chromaticity differences," J. Opt. Soc. Amer., vol.33, no.1, pp. 18-26, Jan. 1943.
57. D. Shepard, "A two-dimensional interpolation function for irregularly-spaced data," in Proc. 23rd ACM Nat. Conf., Las Vegas, NV, 1968, pp. 517-524.
58. L. Silberstein and D. L. MacAdam, "The distribution of color matchings around a color center,," J. Opt. Soc. Amer., vol.35, no.1, pp. 32-39, Jan. 1945.
59. W. R. J. Brown, "The influence of luminance level on visual sensitivity to color differences," J. Opt. Soc. Amer., vol.41, no.10, pp. 684-688, Oct. 1951.
60. R. W. Pridmore and M. Melgosa, "Effect of luminance of samples on color discrimination ellipses: Analysis and prediction of data," Color Res. Appl., no.30, pp. 186-197, Jun. 2005.
61. D. B. Judd, D. L. MacAdam, and G. Wyszecki, "Spectral distribution of typical daylight as a function of correlated color temperature," J. Opt. Soc. Amer., vol.54, no.8, pp. 1031-1040, Aug. 1964.
62. W. A. Thornton, "Luminosity and color-rendering capability of white light," J. Opt. Soc. Amer., vol.61, no.9, pp. 1155-1163, Sep. 1971.
63. P. Vitta, A. Zukauskas, R. Gaska, and M. S. Shur, "White complementary solid-state lamp," Leukos, vol.1, no.1, pp. 59-66, Jul. 2004.
64. P. Vitta, A. Zukauskas, R. Gaska, and M. S. Shur, "White light emitting device and method," U.S. Patent 7 095 056, Aug. 22, 2006.
65. E. Radkov, "Communicating color quality of LEDs to the end user," in Proc. 6th Int. Symp. Light Color, EPRI Lighting Research Office, Orlando, FL, 2006, pp. S16-1-S16-9.
66. A. Borbely, A. S ámson, and J. Schanda, "The concept of correlated colour temperature revisited," Color Res. Appl., vol.26, no.6, pp. 450-457, Dec. 2001.