Genetic dissection of naturally occurring basal core promoter mutations of hepatitis B virus reveals a silent phenotype in the overlapping X gene

Journal of General Virology

Volumn 90, Issue 9, 2009, Pages 2272-2281

  Hussain, Zahid ^a   Jung, Hyeon Sik ^a   Ryu, Dong Kyun ^a   Ryu, Wang Shick ^a  

^a Yonsei University   (South Korea)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BASAL CORE PROMOTER REGION; CELL STRAIN HEPG2; CONTROLLED STUDY; GENE CONSTRUCT; GENETIC ANALYSIS; HEPATITIS B VIRUS; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; NONHUMAN; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION; VIRAL GENETICS; VIRUS GENE; VIRUS GENOME; VIRUS MUTATION; VIRUS REPLICATION; VIRUS TRANSCRIPTION; VIRUS TYPING; WILD TYPE; CELL LINE; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENETICS; HEPATITIS B; METABOLISM; MUTATION; PHYSIOLOGY; VIROLOGY;

HEPATITIS B VIRUS;

HEPATITIS B VIRUS X PROTEIN; TRANSACTIVATOR PROTEIN;

CELL LINE; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, VIRAL; HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS B VIRUS; HUMANS; MUTATION; PHENOTYPE; PROMOTER REGIONS, GENETIC; TRANS-ACTIVATORS; VIRUS REPLICATION;

EID: 70349312680     PISSN: 00221317     EISSN: 14652099     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.010421-0     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. A mutations in the basic core promoter of hepatitis B virus isolated from black Africans with hepatocellular carcinoma compared with asymptomatic carriers. Hepatology 29, 946-953.
2. Baumert, T. F., Rogers, S. A., Hasegawa, K. & Liang, T. J. (1996). Two core promotor mutations identified in a hepatitis B virus strain associated with fulminant hepatitis result in enhanced viral replication. J Clin Invest 98, 2268-2276.
3. Baumert, T. F., Marrone, A., Vergalla, J. & Liang, T. J. (1998). Naturally occurring mutations define a novel function of the hepatitis B virus core promoter in core protein expression. J Virol 72, 6785-6795.
4. Blum, H. E., Zhang, Z. S., Galun, E., von Weizsacker, F., Garner, B., Liang, T. J. & Wands, J. R. (1992). Hepatitis B virus X protein is not central to the viral life cycle in vitro. J Virol 66, 1223-1227.
5. Bouchard, M. J. & Schneider, R. J. (2004). The enigmatic X gene of hepatitis B virus. J Virol 78, 12725-12734.
6. Bouchard, M. J., Wang, L. H. & Schneider, R. J. (2001). Calcium signaling by HBx protein in hepatitis B virus DNA replication. Science 294, 2376-2378.
7. Buckwold, V. E., Xu, Z., Chen, M., Yen, T. S. & Ou, J. H. (1996). Effects of a naturally occurring mutation in the hepatitis B virus basal core promoter on precore gene expression and viral replication. J Virol 70, 5845-5851.
8. Buckwold, V. E., Xu, Z., Yen, T. S. & Ou, J. H. (1997). Effects of a frequent double-nucleotide basal core promoter mutation and its putative single-nucleotide precursor mutations on hepatitis B virus gene expression and replication. J Gen Virol 78, 2055-2065.
9. Cha, M.-Y., Ryu, D.-K., Jung, H.-S., Chang, H.-E. & Ryu, W.-S. (2009). Stimulation of hepatitis B virus genome replication by HBx is linked to both nuclear and cytoplasmic HBx expression. J Gen Virol 90, 978-986.
10. Chomczynski, P. & Sacchi, N. (1987). Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal Biochem 162, 156-159.
11. Gunther, S., Fischer, L., Pult, I., Sterneck, M. & Will, H. (1999). Naturally occurring variants of hepatitis B virus. Adv Virus Res 52, 25-137.
12. Guo, X., Jin, Y., Qian, G. & Tu, H. (2008). Sequential accumulation of the mutations in core promoter of hepatitis B virus is associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in Qidong, China. J Hepatol 49, 718-725.
13. Jammeh, S., Tavner, F., Watson, R., Thomas, H. C. & Karayiannis, P. (2008). Effect of basal core promoter and pre-core mutations on hepatitis B virus replication. J Gen Virol 89, 901-909.
14. Jeong, J. K., Yoon, G. S. & Ryu, W. S. (2000). Evidence that the 5′-end cap structure is essential for encapsidation of hepatitis B virus pregenomic RNA. J Virol 74, 5502-5508.
15. Kao, J. H., Chen, P. J., Lai, M. Y. & Chen, D. S. (2003). Basal core promoter mutations of hepatitis B virus increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B carriers. Gastroenterology 124, 327-334.
16. Lee, J., Lee, H.-J., Shin, M.-K. & Ryu, W.-S. (2004). Versatile PCR-mediated insertion or deletion mutagenesis. Biotechniques 36, 398-400.
17. Li, J., Buckwold, V. E., Hon, M. W. & Ou, J. H. (1999). Mechanism of suppression of hepatitis B virus precore RNA transcription by a frequent double mutation. J Virol 73, 1239-1244.
18. Lim, S. G., Cheng, Y., Guindon, S., Seet, B. L., Lee, L. Y., Hu, P., Wasser, S., Peter, F. J., Tan, T. & other authors (2007). Viral quasi-species evolution during hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion. Gastroenterology 133, 951-958.
19. Liu, C. J., Chen, B. F., Chen, P. J., Lai, M. Y., Huang, W. L., Kao, J. H. & Chen, D. S. (2006). Role of hepatitis B viral load and basal core promoter mutation in hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B carriers. J Infect Dis 193, 1258-1265.
20. Malmassari, S. L., Deng, Q., Fontaine, H., Houitte, D., Rimlinger, F., Thiers, V., Maillere, B., Pol, S. & Michel, M. L. (2007). Impact of hepatitis B virus basic core promoter mutations on T cell response to an immunodominant HBx-derived epitope. Hepatology 45, 1199-1209.
21. Melegari, M., Scaglioni, P. P. & Wands, J. R. (1998). Cloning and characterization of a novel hepatitis B virus x binding protein that inhibits viral replication. J Virol 72, 1737-1743.
22. Melegari, M., Wolf, S. K. & Schneider, R. J. (2005). Hepatitis B virus DNA replication is coordinated by core protein serine phosphorylation and HBx expression. J Virol 79, 9810-9820.
23. Moriyama, K., Okamoto, H., Tsuda, F. & Mayumi, M. (1996). Reduced precore transcription and enhanced core-pregenome transcription of hepatitis B virus DNA after replacement of the precore-core promoter with sequences associated with e antigen-seronegative persistent infections. Virology 226, 269-280.
24. Okamoto, H., Tsuda, F., Akahane, Y., Sugai, Y., Yoshiba, M., Moriyama, K., Tanaka, T., Miyakawa, Y. & Mayumi, M. (1994). Hepatitis B virus with mutations in the core promoter for an e antigen-negative phenotype in carriers with antibody to e antigen. J Virol 68, 8102-8110.
25. Parekh, S., Zoulim, F., Ahn, S. H., Tsai, A., Li, J., Kawai, S., Khan, N., Trepo, C., Wands, J. & Tong, S. (2003). Genome replication, virion secretion, and e antigen expression of naturally occurring hepatitis B virus core promoter mutants. J Virol 77, 6601-6612.
26. Pugh, J. C., Yaginuma, K., Koike, K. & Summers, J. (1988). Duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) particles produced by transient expression of DHBV DNA in a human hepatoma cell line are infectious in vitro. J Virol 62, 3513-3516.
27. Ryu, D. K., Kim, S. & Ryu, W. S. (2008). Hepatitis B virus polymerase suppresses translation of pregenomic RNA via a mechanism involving its interaction with 5′ stem-loop structure. Virology 373, 112-123.
28. Scaglioni, P. P., Melegari, M. & Wands, J. R. (1997). Biologic properties of hepatitis B viral genomes with mutations in the precore promoter and precore open reading frame. Virology 233, 374-381.
29. Seeger, C., Zoulim, F. & Mason, W. (2007). Hepadnaviruses. In Fields Virology, 5th edn, pp. 2977-3029. Edited by D. M. Knipe & P. M. Howley. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
30. Shin, M.-K., Lee, J. & Ryu, W.-S. (2004). A novel cis-acting element facilitates minus-strand DNA synthesis during reverse transcription of the hepatitis B virus genome. J Virol 78, 6252-6262.
31. Tang, H., Delgermaa, L., Huang, F., Oishi, N., Liu, L., He, F., Zhao, L. & Murakami, S. (2005). The transcriptional transactivation function of HBx protein is important for its augmentation role in hepatitis B virus replication. J Virol 79, 5548-5556.
32. Yim, H. J. & Lok, A. S. (2006). Natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: what we knew in 1981 and what we know in 2005. Hepatology 43, S173-S181.
33. Zheng, Y., Li, J. & Ou, J. H. (2004). Regulation of hepatitis B virus core promoter by transcription factors HNF1 and HNF4 and the viral X protein. J Virol 78, 6908-6914.
34. Zoulim, F., Saputelli, J. & Seeger, C. (1994). Woodchuck hepatitis virus X protein is required for viral infection in vivo. J Virol 68, 2026-2030.