메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 654-667

Self-Perceptions of Aging Predict Mortality and Change With Approaching Death: 16-Year Longitudinal Results From the Berlin Aging Study

Author keywords

aging satisfaction; mortality; self perceptions of aging; subjective age; well being

Indexed keywords

AGE; AGED; AGING; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEATH; DEMENTIA; DYING; FEMALE; GENDER; HUMAN; LIFE SATISFACTION; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; PREDICTION; SELF CONCEPT; SOCIAL STATUS; WELLBEING;

EID: 70349294020     PISSN: 08827974     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0016510     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (254)

References (86)
  • 3
    • 0002648213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Men and women in the Berlin Aging Study
    • Baltes P.B., and Mayer K.U. (Eds), Cambridge University Press, New York
    • Baltes M.M., Freund A.M., and Horgas S.L. Men and women in the Berlin Aging Study. In: Baltes P.B., and Mayer K.U. (Eds). The Berlin Aging Study: Aging from 70 to 100 (1999), Cambridge University Press, New York 259-281
    • (1999) The Berlin Aging Study: Aging from 70 to 100 , pp. 259-281
    • Baltes, M.M.1    Freund, A.M.2    Horgas, S.L.3
  • 4
    • 0010144543 scopus 로고
    • Theoretical propositions of life-span developmental psychology: On the dynamics between growth and decline
    • Baltes P.B. Theoretical propositions of life-span developmental psychology: On the dynamics between growth and decline. Developmental Psychology 23 (1987) 611-626
    • (1987) Developmental Psychology , vol.23 , pp. 611-626
    • Baltes, P.B.1
  • 6
    • 0030929311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systemic-wholistic view of psychological functioning in very old age: Introduction to a collection of articles from the Berlin Aging Study
    • Baltes P.B., and Smith J. A systemic-wholistic view of psychological functioning in very old age: Introduction to a collection of articles from the Berlin Aging Study. Psychology and Aging 12 (1997) 395-409
    • (1997) Psychology and Aging , vol.12 , pp. 395-409
    • Baltes, P.B.1    Smith, J.2
  • 7
    • 0037262778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New frontiers in the future of aging: From successful aging of the young old to the dilemmas of the fourth age
    • Baltes P.B., and Smith J. New frontiers in the future of aging: From successful aging of the young old to the dilemmas of the fourth age. Gerontology 49 (2003) 123-135
    • (2003) Gerontology , vol.49 , pp. 123-135
    • Baltes, P.B.1    Smith, J.2
  • 8
    • 0022795601 scopus 로고
    • Subjective age correlates: A research note
    • Barak B., and Stern B. Subjective age correlates: A research note. The Gerontologist 26 (1986) 571-578
    • (1986) The Gerontologist , vol.26 , pp. 571-578
    • Barak, B.1    Stern, B.2
  • 9
    • 0001378552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aging, behavior, and terminal decline
    • Birren J.E., and Schaie K.W. (Eds), Academic Press, San Diego, CA
    • Berg S. Aging, behavior, and terminal decline. In: Birren J.E., and Schaie K.W. (Eds). Handbook of the psychology of aging. 4th ed. (1996), Academic Press, San Diego, CA 323-337
    • (1996) Handbook of the psychology of aging. 4th ed. , pp. 323-337
    • Berg, S.1
  • 10
    • 0001350227 scopus 로고
    • A contribution to the theory of the psychology of aging: As a counterpart of development
    • Birren J.E., and Bengtson V.L. (Eds), Springer, New York
    • Birren J.E. A contribution to the theory of the psychology of aging: As a counterpart of development. In: Birren J.E., and Bengtson V.L. (Eds). Emergent theories of aging (1988), Springer, New York 153-176
    • (1988) Emergent theories of aging , pp. 153-176
    • Birren, J.E.1
  • 12
    • 0035987483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Terminal change in cognitive function: An updated review of longitudinal studies
    • Bosworth H.B., and Siegler I.C. Terminal change in cognitive function: An updated review of longitudinal studies. Experimental Aging Research 28 (2002) 299-315
    • (2002) Experimental Aging Research , vol.28 , pp. 299-315
    • Bosworth, H.B.1    Siegler, I.C.2
  • 13
    • 0001624774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Action perspectives on human development
    • Damon W., and Lerner R.M. (Eds), Wiley, Hoboken, NJ
    • Brandtstädter J. Action perspectives on human development. In: Damon W., and Lerner R.M. (Eds). Handbook of child psychology 1 (1998), Wiley, Hoboken, NJ 807-863
    • (1998) Handbook of child psychology , vol.1 , pp. 807-863
    • Brandtstädter, J.1
  • 14
    • 21344477908 scopus 로고
    • The aging self: Stabilizing and protective processes
    • Brandtstädter J., and Greve W. The aging self: Stabilizing and protective processes. Developmental Review 14 (1994) 52-80
    • (1994) Developmental Review , vol.14 , pp. 52-80
    • Brandtstädter, J.1    Greve, W.2
  • 15
    • 0018081277 scopus 로고
    • Denial of aging: Age identification and reference group orientations
    • Bultena G.L., and Powers E.A. Denial of aging: Age identification and reference group orientations. Journal of Gerontology 33 (1978) 748-754
    • (1978) Journal of Gerontology , vol.33 , pp. 748-754
    • Bultena, G.L.1    Powers, E.A.2
  • 18
    • 55649105005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive psychological well-being and mortality: A quantitative review of prospective observational studies
    • Chida Y., and Steptoe A. Positive psychological well-being and mortality: A quantitative review of prospective observational studies. Psychosomatic Medicine 70 (2008) 741-756
    • (2008) Psychosomatic Medicine , vol.70 , pp. 741-756
    • Chida, Y.1    Steptoe, A.2
  • 21
    • 9744252667 scopus 로고
    • How we should measure "change" - or should we?
    • Cronbach L.J., and Furby L. How we should measure "change" - or should we?. Psychological Bulletin 74 (1970) 68-80
    • (1970) Psychological Bulletin , vol.74 , pp. 68-80
    • Cronbach, L.J.1    Furby, L.2
  • 23
    • 1542723366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of social comparison information on the life satisfaction of frail older people
    • Frieswijk N., Buunk B.P., Steverink N., and Slaets J.P.J. The effect of social comparison information on the life satisfaction of frail older people. Psychology and Aging 19 (2004) 183-190
    • (2004) Psychology and Aging , vol.19 , pp. 183-190
    • Frieswijk, N.1    Buunk, B.P.2    Steverink, N.3    Slaets, J.P.J.4
  • 24
    • 47249130034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life satisfaction shows terminal decline in old age: Longitudinal evidence from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP)
    • Gerstorf D., Ram N., Estabrook R., Schupp J., Wagner G.G., and Lindenberger U. Life satisfaction shows terminal decline in old age: Longitudinal evidence from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP). Developmental Psychology 44 (2008) 1148-1159
    • (2008) Developmental Psychology , vol.44 , pp. 1148-1159
    • Gerstorf, D.1    Ram, N.2    Estabrook, R.3    Schupp, J.4    Wagner, G.G.5    Lindenberger, U.6
  • 25
    • 43049098999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decline in life satisfaction in old age: Longitudinal evidence for links to distance-to-death
    • Gerstorf D., Ram N., Röcke C., Lindenberger U., and Smith J. Decline in life satisfaction in old age: Longitudinal evidence for links to distance-to-death. Psychology and Aging 23 (2008) 154-168
    • (2008) Psychology and Aging , vol.23 , pp. 154-168
    • Gerstorf, D.1    Ram, N.2    Röcke, C.3    Lindenberger, U.4    Smith, J.5
  • 26
    • 33846006187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systemic-wholistic approach to differential aging: Longitudinal findings from the Berlin Aging Study
    • Gerstorf D., Smith J., and Baltes P.B. A systemic-wholistic approach to differential aging: Longitudinal findings from the Berlin Aging Study. Psychology and Aging 21 (2006) 645-663
    • (2006) Psychology and Aging , vol.21 , pp. 645-663
    • Gerstorf, D.1    Smith, J.2    Baltes, P.B.3
  • 27
    • 33747849174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal cognition-survival relations in old and very old age: 13-year data from the Berlin Aging Study
    • Ghisletta P., McArdle J.J., and Lindenberger U. Longitudinal cognition-survival relations in old and very old age: 13-year data from the Berlin Aging Study. European Psychologist 11 (2006) 204-223
    • (2006) European Psychologist , vol.11 , pp. 204-223
    • Ghisletta, P.1    McArdle, J.J.2    Lindenberger, U.3
  • 28
    • 0026777228 scopus 로고
    • Subjective age: A test of five hypotheses
    • Goldsmith R.E., and Heiens R.A. Subjective age: A test of five hypotheses. The Gerontologist 32 (1992) 312-317
    • (1992) The Gerontologist , vol.32 , pp. 312-317
    • Goldsmith, R.E.1    Heiens, R.A.2
  • 30
    • 0347252319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing psychological change in adulthood: An overview of methodological issues
    • Hertzog C., and Nesselroade J.R. Assessing psychological change in adulthood: An overview of methodological issues. Psychology and Aging 18 (2003) 639-657
    • (2003) Psychology and Aging , vol.18 , pp. 639-657
    • Hertzog, C.1    Nesselroade, J.R.2
  • 31
    • 0031085303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-rated health and mortality: A review of twenty-seven community studies
    • Idler E.L., and Benyamini Y. Self-rated health and mortality: A review of twenty-seven community studies. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 38 (1997) 21-37
    • (1997) Journal of Health and Social Behavior , vol.38 , pp. 21-37
    • Idler, E.L.1    Benyamini, Y.2
  • 32
    • 48649099350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personality and all-cause mortality among older adults dwelling in a Japanese community: A five-year population-based prospective cohort study
    • Iwasa H., Masui Y., Gondo Y., Inagaki H., Kawaai C., and Suzuki T. Personality and all-cause mortality among older adults dwelling in a Japanese community: A five-year population-based prospective cohort study. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 16 (2008) 399-405
    • (2008) American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry , vol.16 , pp. 399-405
    • Iwasa, H.1    Masui, Y.2    Gondo, Y.3    Inagaki, H.4    Kawaai, C.5    Suzuki, T.6
  • 37
    • 0033819177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is age-related stability of subjective well-being a paradox? Cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence from the Berlin Aging Study
    • Kunzmann U., Little T.D., and Smith J. Is age-related stability of subjective well-being a paradox? Cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence from the Berlin Aging Study. Psychology and Aging 15 (2000) 511-526
    • (2000) Psychology and Aging , vol.15 , pp. 511-526
    • Kunzmann, U.1    Little, T.D.2    Smith, J.3
  • 38
    • 33645810363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrasting cognitive trajectories of impending death and preclinical dementia in the very old
    • Laukka E., MacDonald S., and Backman L. Contrasting cognitive trajectories of impending death and preclinical dementia in the very old. Neurology 66 (2006) 833-838
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.66 , pp. 833-838
    • Laukka, E.1    MacDonald, S.2    Backman, L.3
  • 39
    • 0016435079 scopus 로고
    • The Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale: A revision
    • Lawton M.P. The Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale: A revision. Journal of Gerontology 30 (1975) 85-89
    • (1975) Journal of Gerontology , vol.30 , pp. 85-89
    • Lawton, M.P.1
  • 41
    • 4143084831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preventive health behaviors influenced by self-perceptions of aging
    • Levy B.R., and Myers L.M. Preventive health behaviors influenced by self-perceptions of aging. Preventive Medicine 39 (2004) 625-629
    • (2004) Preventive Medicine , vol.39 , pp. 625-629
    • Levy, B.R.1    Myers, L.M.2
  • 42
    • 27144483401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between respiratory mortality and self-perceptions of aging
    • Levy B.R., and Myers L.M. Relationship between respiratory mortality and self-perceptions of aging. Psychology and Health 20 (2005) 553-564
    • (2005) Psychology and Health , vol.20 , pp. 553-564
    • Levy, B.R.1    Myers, L.M.2
  • 45
    • 0020527180 scopus 로고
    • The structure of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale: A reinterpretation
    • Liang J., and Bollen K.A. The structure of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale: A reinterpretation. Journal of Gerontology 38 (1983) 181-189
    • (1983) Journal of Gerontology , vol.38 , pp. 181-189
    • Liang, J.1    Bollen, K.A.2
  • 46
    • 0001655778 scopus 로고
    • Psychological correlates of impending death
    • Lieberman M.A. Psychological correlates of impending death. Journal of Gerontology 20 (1965) 181-190
    • (1965) Journal of Gerontology , vol.20 , pp. 181-190
    • Lieberman, M.A.1
  • 47
    • 0001940418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sample selectivity and generalizability of the results of the Berlin Aging Study
    • Baltes P.B., and Mayer K.U. (Eds), Cambridge University Press, New York
    • Lindenberger U., Gilberg R., Little T.D., Nuthmann R., Pötter U., and Baltes P.B. Sample selectivity and generalizability of the results of the Berlin Aging Study. In: Baltes P.B., and Mayer K.U. (Eds). The Berlin Aging Study: Aging from 70 to 100 (1999), Cambridge University Press, New York 56-82
    • (1999) The Berlin Aging Study: Aging from 70 to 100 , pp. 56-82
    • Lindenberger, U.1    Gilberg, R.2    Little, T.D.3    Nuthmann, R.4    Pötter, U.5    Baltes, P.B.6
  • 48
  • 53
    • 0000358458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic conditions and social inequalities in old age
    • Baltes P.B., and Mayer K.U. (Eds), Cambridge University Press, New York
    • Mayer K.U., Maas I., and Wagner M. Socioeconomic conditions and social inequalities in old age. In: Baltes P.B., and Mayer K.U. (Eds). The Berlin Aging Study: Aging from 70 to 100 (1999), Cambridge University Press, New York 227-255
    • (1999) The Berlin Aging Study: Aging from 70 to 100 , pp. 227-255
    • Mayer, K.U.1    Maas, I.2    Wagner, M.3
  • 54
    • 0011832302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Latent difference score structural models for linear dynamic analyses with incomplete longitudinal data
    • Collins L.M., and Sayer A.G. (Eds), American Psychological Association, Washington, DC
    • McArdle J.J., and Hamagami F. Latent difference score structural models for linear dynamic analyses with incomplete longitudinal data. In: Collins L.M., and Sayer A.G. (Eds). New methods for the analysis of change (2001), American Psychological Association, Washington, DC 137-176
    • (2001) New methods for the analysis of change , pp. 137-176
    • McArdle, J.J.1    Hamagami, F.2
  • 57
    • 0024624091 scopus 로고
    • "You're only as old as you feel": Self-perceptions of age, fears of aging, and life satisfaction from adolescence to old age
    • Montepare J.M., and Lachman M.E. "You're only as old as you feel": Self-perceptions of age, fears of aging, and life satisfaction from adolescence to old age. Psychology and Aging 4 (1989) 73-78
    • (1989) Psychology and Aging , vol.4 , pp. 73-78
    • Montepare, J.M.1    Lachman, M.E.2
  • 58
    • 0032199248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of age on positive and negative affect: A developmental perspective on happiness
    • Mroczek D.K., and Kolarz C.M. The effect of age on positive and negative affect: A developmental perspective on happiness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 75 (1998) 1333-1349
    • (1998) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.75 , pp. 1333-1349
    • Mroczek, D.K.1    Kolarz, C.M.2
  • 59
    • 12344264829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Change in life satisfaction during adulthood: Findings from the Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study
    • Mroczek D.K., and Spiro III A. Change in life satisfaction during adulthood: Findings from the Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 88 (2005) 189-202
    • (2005) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.88 , pp. 189-202
    • Mroczek, D.K.1    Spiro III, A.2
  • 60
    • 34250347724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personality change influences mortality in older men
    • Mroczek D.K., and Spiro III A. Personality change influences mortality in older men. Psychological Science 18 (2007) 371-376
    • (2007) Psychological Science , vol.18 , pp. 371-376
    • Mroczek, D.K.1    Spiro III, A.2
  • 61
    • 0016870140 scopus 로고
    • Aging, terminal decline, and terminal drop
    • Palmore E., and Cleveland W. Aging, terminal decline, and terminal drop. Journal of Gerontology 31 (1976) 76-81
    • (1976) Journal of Gerontology , vol.31 , pp. 76-81
    • Palmore, E.1    Cleveland, W.2
  • 62
    • 29644434367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does positive affect influence health?
    • Pressman S.D., and Cohen S. Does positive affect influence health?. Psychological Bulletin 13 (2005) 925-971
    • (2005) Psychological Bulletin , vol.13 , pp. 925-971
    • Pressman, S.D.1    Cohen, S.2
  • 63
    • 58849145750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depression predicts mortality in the young old, but not in the oldest old: Results from the Berlin Aging Study (BASE)
    • Rapp M.A., Gerstorf D., Helmchen H., and Smith J. Depression predicts mortality in the young old, but not in the oldest old: Results from the Berlin Aging Study (BASE). American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 16 (2008) 844-852
    • (2008) American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry , vol.16 , pp. 844-852
    • Rapp, M.A.1    Gerstorf, D.2    Helmchen, H.3    Smith, J.4
  • 65
    • 84993725089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The power of personality: The comparative validity of personality traits, socioeconomic status, and cognitive ability for predicting important life outcomes
    • Roberts B.W., Kuncel N.R., Shiner R., Caspi A., and Goldberg L.R. The power of personality: The comparative validity of personality traits, socioeconomic status, and cognitive ability for predicting important life outcomes. Perspectives in Psychological Science 2 (2007) 313-345
    • (2007) Perspectives in Psychological Science , vol.2 , pp. 313-345
    • Roberts, B.W.1    Kuncel, N.R.2    Shiner, R.3    Caspi, A.4    Goldberg, L.R.5
  • 66
    • 0001981821 scopus 로고
    • Myths and methods: Myths about longitudinal research plus supplemental questions
    • Gottman J.M. (Ed), Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ
    • Rogosa D. Myths and methods: Myths about longitudinal research plus supplemental questions. In: Gottman J.M. (Ed). The analysis of change (1995), Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ 3-66
    • (1995) The analysis of change , pp. 3-66
    • Rogosa, D.1
  • 67
    • 33847675755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • People over forty feel 20% younger than their age: Subjective age across the lifespan
    • Rubin D.C., and Berntsen D. People over forty feel 20% younger than their age: Subjective age across the lifespan. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 13 (2006) 776-780
    • (2006) Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , vol.13 , pp. 776-780
    • Rubin, D.C.1    Berntsen, D.2
  • 73
    • 33751295553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personality as risk and resilience in physical health
    • Smith T.W. Personality as risk and resilience in physical health. Current Directions in Psychological Science 15 (2006) 227-231
    • (2006) Current Directions in Psychological Science , vol.15 , pp. 227-231
    • Smith, T.W.1
  • 76
    • 0001840413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self, personality, and life regulation: Facets of psychological resilience in old age
    • Baltes P.B., and Mayer K.U. (Eds), Cambridge University Press, New York
    • Staudinger U.M., Freund A.M., Linden M., and Maas I. Self, personality, and life regulation: Facets of psychological resilience in old age. In: Baltes P.B., and Mayer K.U. (Eds). The Berlin Aging Study: Aging from 70 to 100 (1999), Cambridge University Press, New York 302-328
    • (1999) The Berlin Aging Study: Aging from 70 to 100 , pp. 302-328
    • Staudinger, U.M.1    Freund, A.M.2    Linden, M.3    Maas, I.4
  • 77
    • 0000374962 scopus 로고
    • Resilience and reserve capacity in later adulthood: Potentials and limits of development across the life span
    • Cicchetti D., and Cohen D.J. (Eds), Wiley, Oxford, UK
    • Staudinger U.M., Marsiske M., and Baltes P.B. Resilience and reserve capacity in later adulthood: Potentials and limits of development across the life span. In: Cicchetti D., and Cohen D.J. (Eds). Developmental psychopathology. Vol. 2. Risk, disorder, and adaptation (1995), Wiley, Oxford, UK 801-847
    • (1995) Developmental psychopathology. Vol. 2. Risk, disorder, and adaptation , pp. 801-847
    • Staudinger, U.M.1    Marsiske, M.2    Baltes, P.B.3
  • 78
    • 0000168591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morbidity, medication, and functional limitations in very old age
    • Baltes P.B., and Mayer K.U. (Eds), Cambridge University Press, New York
    • Steinhagen-Thiessen E., and Borchelt M. Morbidity, medication, and functional limitations in very old age. In: Baltes P.B., and Mayer K.U. (Eds). The Berlin Aging Study: Aging from 70 to 100 (1999), Cambridge University Press, New York 131-166
    • (1999) The Berlin Aging Study: Aging from 70 to 100 , pp. 131-166
    • Steinhagen-Thiessen, E.1    Borchelt, M.2
  • 80
    • 11144358391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dementia: The leading predictor of death in a defined elderly population: The Cache County Study
    • Tschanz J., Corcoran C., Skoog I., Khachaturian A., Herrick J., Hayden K., et al. Dementia: The leading predictor of death in a defined elderly population: The Cache County Study. Neurology 62 (2004) 1156-1162
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.62 , pp. 1156-1162
    • Tschanz, J.1    Corcoran, C.2    Skoog, I.3    Khachaturian, A.4    Herrick, J.5    Hayden, K.6
  • 81
    • 26944464288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived age as a predictor of old age mortality: A 13-year prospective study
    • Uotinen V., Rantanen T., and Suutama T. Perceived age as a predictor of old age mortality: A 13-year prospective study. Age and Ageing 34 (2005) 368-372
    • (2005) Age and Ageing , vol.34 , pp. 368-372
    • Uotinen, V.1    Rantanen, T.2    Suutama, T.3
  • 82
    • 33748878026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Change in subjective age among older people over an eight-year follow-up: "Getting older and feeling younger?"
    • Uotinen V., Rantanen T., Suutama T., and Ruoppila I. Change in subjective age among older people over an eight-year follow-up: "Getting older and feeling younger?". Experimental Aging Research 32 (2006) 381-393
    • (2006) Experimental Aging Research , vol.32 , pp. 381-393
    • Uotinen, V.1    Rantanen, T.2    Suutama, T.3    Ruoppila, I.4
  • 86
    • 0034975937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between severity of dementia and subjective well-being
    • Zank S., and Leipold B. The relationship between severity of dementia and subjective well-being. Aging & Mental Health 5 (2001) 191-196
    • (2001) Aging & Mental Health , vol.5 , pp. 191-196
    • Zank, S.1    Leipold, B.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.