Theoretical and Experimental Study of High-Speed Small-Signal Cross-Gain Modulation of Quantum-Dot Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers

IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics

Volumn 45, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 240-248

  Kim, Jungho ^a   Laemmlin, Matthias ^b   Meuer, Christian ^b   Bimberg, Dieter ^b   Eisenstein, Gadi ^b,c  

^a Kyung Hee University   (South Korea)

^b TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN   (Germany)

^c TECHNION ISRAEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (Israel)

Author keywords

Cross gain modulation (XGM); Quantum dot (QD); Semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs)

Indexed keywords

CARRIER DENSITY; CARRIER DYNAMICS; COUPLED RATE EQUATIONS; CROSS GAIN MODULATION; DETUNINGS; EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES; HIGH INJECTION; HIGH-SPEED; HOLE STATE; INJECTION CURRENTS; LOW-TO-HIGH; MODULATION FREQUENCIES; NUMERICAL MODELS; P-TYPE DOPING; PUMP-PROBE; QUANTUM DOT (QD); QUANTUM DOT SEMICONDUCTOR OPTICAL AMPLIFIER; QUANTUM DOTS; SMALL SIGNAL; SPECTRAL-HOLE BURNING;

DOPING (ADDITIVES); MODULATION; OPTICAL SWITCHES; OPTICAL WAVEGUIDES; OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES; PHOSPHORUS; SEMICONDUCTOR JUNCTIONS; SEMICONDUCTOR OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS; SPEED;

SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS;

EID: 70349207037     PISSN: 00189197     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2008.2010881     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. D. Bimberg, "Quantum dots for lasers, amplifiers and computing," J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., vol.38, pp. 2055-2058, 2005.
2. D. Bimberg, G. Fiol, M. Kuntz, C. Meuer, M. Lämmlin, N. N. Ledentsov, and A. R. Kovsh, "High speed nanophotonic devices based on quantum dots," Phys. Stat. Sol. (a), vol.203, pp. 3523-3532, 2006.
3. T. Akiyama, M. Ekawa, M. Sugawara, K. Kawaguchi, H. Sudo, A. Kuramata, H. Ebe, and Y. Arakawa, "An ultrawide-band semiconductor optical amplifier having an extremely high penalty-free output power of 23 dBm achieved with quantum dots," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol.17, no.8, pp. 1614-1616, Aug. 2005.
4. M. Laemmlin, G. Fiol, C. Meuer, M. Kuntz, F. Hopfer, A. R. Kovsh, N. N. Ledentsov, and D. Bimberg, "Distortion-free optical amplification of 20-80 GHz modelocked laser pulses at 1.3 μm using quantum dots," Electron Lett., vol.42, pp. 697-699, 2006.
5. T. Akiyama, N. Hatori, Y. Nakata, H. Ebe, and M. Sugawara, "Pattern-effect-free amplification and cross-gain modulation achieved by using ultrafast gain nonlinearity in quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers," Phys. Stat. Sol. (b), vol.238, pp. 301-304, 2003.
6. R. Alizon, A. Bilenca, H. Dery, V. Mikhelashvili, G. Eisenstein, R. Schwertberger, D. Gold, J. P. Reithmaier, and A. Forchel, "Cross-gain modulation in inhomogeneously broadened gain spectra of InP-based 1550 nm quantum dash optical amplifiers: Small-signal bandwidth dependence on wavelength detuning," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.82, pp. 4660-4662, 2003.
7. J. Kim and S. L. Chuang, "Small-signal cross-gain modulation of quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol.18, no.23, pp. 2538-2540, Dec. 2006.
8. J. Mørk, M. L. Nielsen, and T. W. Berg, "The dynamics of semiconductor optical amplifiers: Modeling and applications," Opt. Photon. News, vol.14, no.7, pp. 42-48, Jul. 2003.
9. J. Kim, M. Laemmlin, C. Meuer, D. Bimberg, and G. Eisenstein, "Static gain saturation model of quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers," IEEE J. Quantum Electron, vol.44, no.7, pp. 658-666, Jul. 2008.
10. P. Borri, S. Schneider, W. Langbein, and D. Bimberg, "Ultrafast carrier dynamics in InGaAs quantum dot materials and devices," J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt., vol.8, pp. S33-S46, 2006.
11. S. Dommers, V. V. Temnov, U. Woggon, J. Gomis, J. Martinez-Pastor, M. Laemmlin, and D. Bimberg, "Complete ground state gain recovery after ultrashort double pulses in quantum dot based semiconductor optical amplifier," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.90, p. 033508, 2007.
12. A. R. Kovsh, N. A. Maleev, A. E. Zhukov, S. S. Mikhrin, A. P. Vasil'ev, E. A. Semenova, Y. M. Shernyakov, M. V. Maximov, D. A. Livshits, V. M. Ustinov, N. N. Ledentsov, D. Bimberg, and Z. I. Alferov, "InAs/InGaAs/GaAs quantum dot lasers of 1.3 μm range with enhanced optical gain," J. Cryst. Growth, vol.251, pp. 729-736, 2003.
13. T. R. Nielsen, P. Gartner, and F. Jahnke, "Many-body theory of carrier capture and relaxation in semiconductor quantum-dot lasers," Phys. Rev. B, vol.69, p. 235314, 2004.
14. 1-xAs/GaAs quantum dots," Phys. Rev. B, vol.54, p. 11532, 1996.
15. A. Bilenca and G. Eisenstein, "On the noise properties of linear and nonlinear quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers: The impact of inhomogeneously broadened gain and fast carrier dynamics," IEEE J. Quantum Electron, vol.40, no.6, pp. 690-702, Jun. 2004.
16. M. Sugawara, H. Ebe, N. Hatori, M. Ishida, Y. Arakawa, T. Akiyama, K. Otsubo, and Y. Nakata, "Theory of optical signal amplification and processing by quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers," Phys. Rev. B, vol.69, p. 235332, 2004.
17. T. W. Berg and J. Mørk, "Saturation and noise properties of quantum-dot optical amplifiers," IEEE J. Quantum Electron, vol.40, no.11, pp. 1527-1539, Nov. 2004.
18. M. van der Poel, E. Gehrig, O. Hess, D. Birkedal, and J. M. Hvam, "Ultrafast gain dynamics in quantum-dot amplifiers: Theoretical analysis and experimental investigations," IEEE J. Quantum Electron, vol.41, no.9, pp. 1115-1123, Sep. 2005.
19. P. Borri, W. Langbein, S. Schneider, U. Woggon, R. L. Sellin, D. Ouyang, and D. Bimberg, "Exciton relaxation and dephasing in quantum-dot amplifiers from room-to cryogenic temperature," IEEE J. Sel. Topics Quantum Electron, vol.8, no.5, pp. 984-991, Sep./Oct. 2002.
20. J. L. Pleumeekers, M. Kauer, K. Dreyer, C. Burrus, A. G. Dentai, S. Shunk, J. Leuthold, and C. H. Joyner, "Acceleration of gain recovery in semiconductor optical amplifiers by optical injection near transparency wavelength," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol.14, no.1, pp. 12-14, Jan. 2002.
21. 1-xAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dots," Phys. Rev. B, vol.54, pp. 11548-11554, 1996.
22. T. Takahashi and Y. Arakawa, "Theoretical analysis of gain and dynamic properties of quantum well box lasers," OptoElectron-Devices Technol., vol.3, pp. 155-162, 1988.
23. J. Kim and S. L. Chuang, "Theoretical and experimental study of optical gain, refractive index change, and linewidth enhancement factor of p-doped quantum-dot lasers," IEEE J. Quantum Electron, vol.42, no.9, pp. 942-952, Sep. 2006.
24. D. Nielsen, S. L. Chuang, N. J. Kim, D. Lee, S. H. Pyun, W. G. Jeong, C. Y. Chen, and T. S. Lay, "High-speed wavelength conversion in quantum dot and quantum well semiconductor optical amplifiers," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.92, p. 211101, 2008.
25. T. Durhuus, B. Mikkelsen, C. Joergensen, S. L. Danielsen, and K. E. Stubkjaer, "All-optical wavelength conversion by semiconductor optical amplifiers," J. Lightw. Technol., vol.14, no.6, pp. 942-954, Jun. 1996.
26. C. Joergensen, S. L. Danielsen, K. E. Stubkjaer, M. Schilling, K. Daub, P. Doussiere, F. Pommerau, P. B. Hansen, H. N. Poulsen, A. Kloch, M. Vaa, B. Mikkelsen, E. Lach, G. Laube, W. Idler, and K. Wunstel, "All-optical wavelength conversion at bit rates above 10 Gb/s using semiconductor optical amplifiers," IEEE J. Sel. Topics Quantum Electron, vol.3, no.5, pp. 1168-1180, Oct. 1997.