메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 6, Issue 39, 2009, Pages 815-834

Suspension biomechanics of swimming microbes

Author keywords

Biofluid mechanics; Collective motion; Micro organism; Suspension; Swimming

Indexed keywords

BACTERIOLOGY; BIOMECHANICS; CELL CULTURE; CELL MEMBRANES; FLOW STRUCTURE; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; MICROORGANISMS; RESEARCH;

EID: 69949099895     PISSN: 17425689     EISSN: 17425662     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2009.0223     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (121)

References (154)
  • 1
    • 79051469288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dumb-bell swimmers
    • doi:10.1209/0295-5075/83/34006
    • Alexander, G. P. & Yeomans, J. M. 2008 Dumb-bell swimmers. Europhys. Lett. 83, 34006. (doi:10.1209/0295-5075/83/34006)
    • (2008) Europhys. Lett. , vol.83 , pp. 34006
    • Alexander, G.P.1    Yeomans, J.M.2
  • 2
    • 55849110803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scattering of low-Reynolds-number swimmers
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.78.045302
    • Alexander, G. P., Pooley, C. M. & Yeomans, J. M. 2008 Scattering of low-Reynolds-number swimmers. Phys. Rev. E 78, 045302. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.78. 045302)
    • (2008) Phys. Rev. E , vol.78 , pp. 045302
    • Alexander, G.P.1    Pooley, C.M.2    Yeomans, J.M.3
  • 3
    • 65449129572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamics of linked sphere model swimmers
    • doi:10.1088/0953-8984/21/20/204108
    • Alexander, G. P., Pooley, C. M. & Yeomans, J. M. 2009 Hydrodynamics of linked sphere model swimmers. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 21, 204108. (doi:10.1088/0953-8984/21/20/204108)
    • (2009) J. Phys. Condens. Matter , vol.21 , pp. 204108
    • Alexander, G.P.1    Pooley, C.M.2    Yeomans, J.M.3
  • 4
    • 18144405714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioconvection of gravitactic microorganisms in a vertical cylinder
    • doi:10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2004.10.005
    • Alloui, Z., Nguyen, T. H. & Bilgen, E. 2005 Bioconvection of gravitactic microorganisms in a vertical cylinder. Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf. 32, 739-747. (doi:10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2004.10.005)
    • (2005) Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf. , vol.32 , pp. 739-747
    • Alloui, Z.1    Nguyen, T.H.2    Bilgen, E.3
  • 5
    • 0019188958 scopus 로고
    • Biased random walk models for chemotaxis and related diffusion approximations
    • doi:10.1007/BF00275919
    • Alt, W. 1980 Biased random walk models for chemotaxis and related diffusion approximations. J. Math. Biol. 9, 147-177. (doi:10.1007/BF00275919)
    • (1980) J. Math. Biol. , vol.9 , pp. 147-177
    • Alt, W.1
  • 6
    • 0030743462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Turning back the harmful red tide
    • doi:10.1038/41415
    • Anderson, D. M. 1997 Turning back the harmful red tide. Nature 388, 513-514. (doi:10.1038/41415)
    • (1997) Nature , vol.388 , pp. 513-514
    • Anderson, D.M.1
  • 7
    • 60449112487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-starting micromotors in a bacterial bath
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.048104
    • Angelani, L., Leonardo, R. D. & Ruocco, G. 2009 Self-starting micromotors in a bacterial bath. Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 048104. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.048104)
    • (2009) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.102 , pp. 048104
    • Angelani, L.1    Leonardo, R.D.2    Ruocco, G.3
  • 8
    • 26944439381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pattern formation of microtubules and motors: Inelastic interaction of polar rods
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.71.050901
    • Aranson, I. S. & Tsimring, L. S. 2005 Pattern formation of microtubules and motors: inelastic interaction of polar rods. Phys. Rev. E 71, 050901(R). (doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.71.050901)
    • (2005) Phys. Rev. E , vol.71
    • Aranson, I.S.1    Tsimring, L.S.2
  • 9
    • 34047159455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Model for dynamical coherence in thin films of self-propelled microorganisms
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.75.040901
    • Aranson, I. S., Sokolov, A., Kessler, J. O. & Goldstein, R. E. 2007 Model for dynamical coherence in thin films of self-propelled microorganisms. Phys. Rev. E 75, 040901. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.75.040901)
    • (2007) Phys. Rev. E , vol.75 , pp. 040901
    • Aranson, I.S.1    Sokolov, A.2    Kessler, J.O.3    Goldstein, R.E.4
  • 10
    • 0018880142 scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructure of a magnetotactic spirillum
    • Balkwill, D. L., Maratea, D. & Blakemore, R. P. 1980 Ultrastructure of a magnetotactic spirillum. J. Bacteriol. 141, 1399-1408.
    • (1980) J. Bacteriol. , vol.141 , pp. 1399-1408
    • Balkwill, D.L.1    Maratea, D.2    Blakemore, R.P.3
  • 11
    • 0042383093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial tracking of motile algae
    • doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2003.tb01092.x
    • Barbara, M. & Mitchell, J. G. 2003 Bacterial tracking of motile algae. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 44, 79-87. (doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2003.tb01092.x)
    • (2003) FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. , vol.44 , pp. 79-87
    • Barbara, M.1    Mitchell, J.G.2
  • 12
    • 0037123780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small talk: Cell-to-cell communication in bacteria
    • doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00749-3
    • Bassler, B. L. 2002 Small talk: cell-to-cell communication in bacteria. Cell 109, 421-424. (doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00749-3)
    • (2002) Cell , vol.109 , pp. 421-424
    • Bassler, B.L.1
  • 13
    • 0014767108 scopus 로고
    • The stress system in a suspension of force-free particles
    • doi:10.1017/S0022112070000745
    • Batchelor, G. K. 1970 The stress system in a suspension of force-free particles. J. Fluid Mech. 41, 545-570. (doi:10.1017/S0022112070000745)
    • (1970) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.41 , pp. 545-570
    • Batchelor, G.K.1
  • 14
    • 0017551342 scopus 로고
    • The effect of Brownian motion on the bulk stress in a suspension of spherical particles
    • doi:10.1017/S0022112077001062
    • Batchelor, G. K. 1977 The effect of Brownian motion on the bulk stress in a suspension of spherical particles. J. Fluid Mech. 83, 97-117. (doi:10.1017/S0022112077001062)
    • (1977) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.83 , pp. 97-117
    • Batchelor, G.K.1
  • 15
    • 0038507460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An extension of generalized Taylor dispersion in unbounded homogeneous shear flows to run-and-tumble chemotactic bacteria
    • doi:10.1063/1.1569482
    • Bearon, R. N. 2003 An extension of generalized Taylor dispersion in unbounded homogeneous shear flows to run-and-tumble chemotactic bacteria. Phys. Fluids 15, 1552-1563. (doi:10.1063/1.1569482)
    • (2003) Phys. Fluids , vol.15 , pp. 1552-1563
    • Bearon, R.N.1
  • 16
    • 33846045069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioconvection in a stratified environment: Experiments and theory
    • DOI 10.1063/1.2402490
    • Bearon, R. N. & Grunbaum, D. 2006 Bioconvection in a stratified environment: experiments and theory. Phys. Fluids 18, 127102. (doi:10.1063/1.2402490) (Pubitemid 46055941)
    • (2006) Physics of Fluids , vol.18 , Issue.12 , pp. 127102
    • Bearon, R.N.1    Grunbaum, D.2
  • 17
    • 0030904299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wavelengths of bioconvection patterns
    • Bees, M. A. & Hill, N. A. 1997 Wavelengths of bioconvection patterns. J. Exp. Biol. 200, 1515-1526.
    • (1997) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.200 , pp. 1515-1526
    • Bees, M.A.1    Hill, N.A.2
  • 18
    • 0032132418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linear bioconvection in a suspension of randomly-swimming, gyrotactic micro-organisms
    • doi:10.1063/1.869704
    • Bees, M. A. & Hill, N. A. 1998 Linear bioconvection in a suspension of randomly-swimming, gyrotactic micro-organisms. Phys. Fluids 10, 1864-1881. (doi:10.1063/1.869704)
    • (1998) Phys. Fluids , vol.10 , pp. 1864-1881
    • Bees, M.A.1    Hill, N.A.2
  • 19
    • 0007308034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-linear bioconvection in a deep suspension of gyrotactic swimming micro-organisms
    • doi:10.1007/s002850050144
    • Bees, M. A. & Hill, N. A. 1999 Non-linear bioconvection in a deep suspension of gyrotactic swimming micro-organisms. J. Math. Biol. 38, 135-168. (doi:10.1007/s002850050144)
    • (1999) J. Math. Biol. , vol.38 , pp. 135-168
    • Bees, M.A.1    Hill, N.A.2
  • 20
    • 33747114035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-engineering capabilities of bacteria
    • doi:10.1098/rsif.2005.0089
    • Ben-Jacob, E. & Levine, H. 2006 Self-engineering capabilities of bacteria. J. R. Soc. Interface 3, 197-214. (doi:10.1098/rsif.2005.0089)
    • (2006) J. R. Soc. Interface , vol.3 , pp. 197-214
    • Ben-Jacob, E.1    Levine, H.2
  • 21
    • 0034211858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cooperative self-organization of microorganisms
    • doi:10.1080/000187300405228
    • B en-Jacob, E., Cohen, I. & Levine, H. 2000 Cooperative self-organization of microorganisms. Adv. Phys. 49, 395-554. (doi:10.1080/000187300405228)
    • (2000) Adv. Phys. , vol.49 , pp. 395-554
    • Ben-Jacob, E.1    Cohen, I.2    Levine, H.3
  • 24
    • 0024991378 scopus 로고
    • Chemotaxis of bacteria in glass capillary arrays. Escherichia coli, motility, microchannel plate, and light scattering
    • doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(90)82436-X
    • Berg, H. C. & Turner, L. 1990 Chemotaxis of bacteria in glass capillary arrays. Escherichia coli, motility, microchannel plate, and light scattering. Biophys. J. 58, 919-930. (doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(90)82436-X)
    • (1990) Biophys. J. , vol.58 , pp. 919-930
    • Berg, H.C.1    Turner, L.2
  • 25
    • 0000816864 scopus 로고
    • A spherical envelope approach to ciliary propulsion
    • doi:10.1017/S002211207100048X
    • Blake, J. R. 1971 A spherical envelope approach to ciliary propulsion. J. Fluid Mech. 46, 199-208. (doi:10.1017/S002211207100048X)
    • (1971) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.46 , pp. 199-208
    • Blake, J.R.1
  • 26
    • 0015947264 scopus 로고
    • Mechanics of ciliary locomotion
    • doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.1974.tb01299.x
    • Blake, J. R. & Sleigh, M. A. 1974 Mechanics of ciliary locomotion. Biol. Rev. 49, 85-125. (doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.1974.tb01299.x)
    • (1974) Biol. Rev. , vol.49 , pp. 85-125
    • Blake, J.R.1    Sleigh, M.A.2
  • 27
    • 0000233591 scopus 로고
    • Stokesian dynamics
    • doi:10.1146/annurev.fl.20.010188.000551
    • Brady, J. F. & Bossis, G. 1988 Stokesian dynamics. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 20, 111-157. (doi:10.1146/annurev.fl.20.010188.000551)
    • (1988) Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. , vol.20 , pp. 111-157
    • Brady, J.F.1    Bossis, G.2
  • 28
    • 0001425847 scopus 로고
    • Fluid mechanics of propulsion by cilia and flagella
    • doi:10.1146/annurev.fl.09.010177.002011
    • Brennen, C. & Winet, H. 1977 Fluid mechanics of propulsion by cilia and flagella. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 9, 339-398. (doi:10.1146/annurev.fl.09. 010177.002011)
    • (1977) Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. , vol.9 , pp. 339-398
    • Brennen, C.1    Winet, H.2
  • 31
    • 0016519270 scopus 로고
    • Pattern formation in a suspension of swimming micro-organisms: Equations and stability theory
    • doi:10.1017/S0022112075001577
    • Childress, S., Levandowsky, M. & Spiegel, E. A. 1975 Pattern formation in a suspension of swimming micro-organisms: equations and stability theory. J. Fluid Mech. 63, 591-613. (doi:10.1017/S0022112075001577)
    • (1975) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.63 , pp. 591-613
    • Childress, S.1    Levandowsky, M.2    Spiegel, E.A.3
  • 32
    • 35948983037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluid dynamics of self-propelled microorganisms, from individuals to concentrated populations
    • DOI 10.1007/s00348-007-0387-y, Special issue: Animal locomotion: The hydrodynamics of swimming
    • Cisneros, L. H., Cortez, R., Dombrowski, C., Goldstein, R. E. & Kessler, J. O. 2007 Fluid dynamics of self-propelled microorganisms, from individuals to concentrated populations. Exp. Fluids 43, 737-753. (doi:10.1007/s00348-007-0387-y) (Pubitemid 350074176)
    • (2007) Experiments in Fluids , vol.43 , Issue.5 , pp. 737-753
    • Cisneros, L.H.1    Cortez, R.2    Dombrowski, C.3    Goldstein, R.E.4    Kessler, J.O.5
  • 33
    • 45849115018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Random walk models in biology
    • doi:10.1098/rsif.2008.0014
    • Codling, E. A., Plank, M. J. & Benhamou, S. 2008 Random walk models in biology. J. R. Soc. Interface 5, 813-834. (doi:10.1098/rsif.2008.0014)
    • (2008) J. R. Soc. Interface , vol.5 , pp. 813-834
    • Codling, E.A.1    Plank, M.J.2    Benhamou, S.3
  • 34
    • 62249117682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial swarming: A model system for studying dynamic self-assembly
    • doi:10.1039/b812146j
    • Copeland, M. F. & Weibel, D. B. 2009 Bacterial swarming: a model system for studying dynamic self-assembly. Soft Matter 5, 1174-1187. (doi:10.1039/b812146j)
    • (2009) Soft Matter , vol.5 , pp. 1174-1187
    • Copeland, M.F.1    Weibel, D.B.2
  • 35
    • 0031557295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneously ordered motion of self-propelled particles
    • doi:10.1088/0305-4470/30/5/009
    • Czirok, A., Stanley, H. E. & Vicsek, T. 1997 Spontaneously ordered motion of self-propelled particles. J. Phys. A Math. Gen. 30, 1375-1385. (doi:10.1088/0305-4470/30/5/009)
    • (1997) J. Phys. A Math. Gen. , vol.30 , pp. 1375-1385
    • Czirok, A.1    Stanley, H.E.2    Vicsek, T.3
  • 36
    • 1542345466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moving fluid with bacterial carpets
    • doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(04)74253-8
    • Darnton, N., Turner, L., Breuer, K. & Berg, H. C. 2004 Moving fluid with bacterial carpets. Biophys. J. 86, 1863-1870. (doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(04) 74253-8)
    • (2004) Biophys. J. , vol.86 , pp. 1863-1870
    • Darnton, N.1    Turner, L.2    Breuer, K.3    Berg, H.C.4
  • 37
    • 33846188438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Velocity profiles and discontinuities propagation in a pipe flow of suspension of motile microorganisms
    • doi:10.1016/j.physleta.2006.10.066
    • Denissenko, P. & Lukaschuk, S. 2007 Velocity profiles and discontinuities propagation in a pipe flow of suspension of motile microorganisms. Phys. Lett. A 362, 298-304. (doi:10.1016/j.physleta.2006.10.066)
    • (2007) Phys. Lett. A , vol.362 , pp. 298-304
    • Denissenko, P.1    Lukaschuk, S.2
  • 38
    • 19544371919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-concentration and large-scale coherence in bacterial dynamics
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.098103
    • Dombrowski, C., Cisneros, L., Chatkaew, S., Goldstein, R. E. & Kessler, J. O. 2004 Self-concentration and large-scale coherence in bacterial dynamics. Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 098103. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.098103)
    • (2004) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.93 , pp. 098103
    • Dombrowski, C.1    Cisneros, L.2    Chatkaew, S.3    Goldstein, R.E.4    Kessler, J.O.5
  • 39
    • 65449166381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulation of a model microswimmer
    • doi:10.1088/0953-8984/21/20/204101
    • Downton, M. T. & Stark, H. 2009 Simulation of a model microswimmer. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 21, 204101. (doi:10.1088/0953-8984/21/20/204101)
    • (2009) J. Phys. Condens. Matter , vol.21 , pp. 204101
    • Downton, M.T.1    Stark, H.2
  • 40
    • 67650445643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dancing Volvox: Hydrodynamic bound states of swimming algae
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.168101
    • Drescher, K., Leptos, K., Tuval, I., Ishikawa, T., Pedley, T. J. & Goldstein, R. E. 2009 Dancing Volvox: hydrodynamic bound states of swimming algae. Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 168101. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.168101)
    • (2009) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.102 , pp. 168101
    • Drescher, K.1    Leptos, K.2    Tuval, I.3    Ishikawa, T.4    Pedley, T.J.5    Goldstein, R.E.6
  • 42
    • 0023525420 scopus 로고
    • DYNAMIC SIMULATION of HYDRODYNAMICALLY INTERACTING PARTICLES
    • Durlofsky, L., Brady, J. F. & Bossis, G. 1987 Dynamic simulation of hydrodynamically interacting particles. J. Fluid Mech. 180, 21-49. (doi:10.1017/S002211208700171X) (Pubitemid 17639867)
    • (1987) Journal of Fluid Mechanics , vol.180 , pp. 21-49
    • Durlofsky, L.1    Brady, J.F.2    Bossis, G.3
  • 43
    • 84979113075 scopus 로고
    • Eine neue Bestimmung der Molekuldimensionen
    • doi:10.1002/andp.19063240204
    • Einstein, A. 1906 Eine neue Bestimmung der Molekuldimensionen. Ann. Phys. 19, 289-306. (doi:10.1002/andp.19063240204)
    • (1906) Ann. Phys. , vol.19 , pp. 289-306
    • Einstein, A.1
  • 44
    • 32644453419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biofluidmechanics of reproduction
    • doi:10.1146/annurev.fluid.37.061903.175725
    • Fauci, L. J. & Dillon, R. 2006 Biofluidmechanics of reproduction. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 38, 371-394. (doi:10.1146/annurev.fluid.37.061903.175725)
    • (2006) Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. , vol.38 , pp. 371-394
    • Fauci, L.J.1    Dillon, R.2
  • 45
    • 59349120130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The stochastic dance of circling sperm cells: Sperm chemotaxis in the plane
    • doi:10.1088/1367-2630/10/12/123025
    • Friedrich, B. M. & Julicher, F. 2008 The stochastic dance of circling sperm cells: sperm chemotaxis in the plane. N. J. Phys. 10, 123025. (doi:10.1088/1367-2630/10/12/123025)
    • (2008) N. J. Phys. , vol.10 , pp. 123025
    • Friedrich, B.M.1    Julicher, F.2
  • 46
    • 0029067881 scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional tracking of motile bacteria near a solid planar surface
    • doi:10.1073/pnas.92.13.6195
    • Frymier, P. D., Ford, R. M., Berg, H. C. & Cummings, P. T. 1995 Three-dimensional tracking of motile bacteria near a solid planar surface. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 92, 6195-6199. (doi:10.1073/pnas.92.13.6195)
    • (1995) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.92 , pp. 6195-6199
    • Frymier, P.D.1    Ford, R.M.2    Berg, H.C.3    Cummings, P.T.4
  • 47
    • 0000510478 scopus 로고
    • Fractal growth of Bacillus subtilis on agar plates
    • doi:10.1143/JPSJ.58.3875
    • Fujikawa, H. & Matsushita, M. 1989 Fractal growth of Bacillus subtilis on agar plates. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 58, 3875-3878. (doi:10.1143/JPSJ.58. 3875)
    • (1989) J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. , vol.58 , pp. 3875-3878
    • Fujikawa, H.1    Matsushita, M.2
  • 48
    • 23044443095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Penetrative phototactic bioconvection
    • doi:10.1063/1.1947807
    • Ghorai, S. & Hill, N. A. 2005 Penetrative phototactic bioconvection. Phys. Fluids 17, 074101. (doi:10.1063/1.1947807)
    • (2005) Phys. Fluids , vol.17 , pp. 074101
    • Ghorai, S.1    Hill, N.A.2
  • 49
    • 34249996168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gyrotactic bioconvection in three dimensions
    • doi:10.1063/1.2731793
    • Ghorai, S. & Hill, N. A. 2007 Gyrotactic bioconvection in three dimensions. Phys. Fluids 19, 054107. (doi:10.1063/1.2731793)
    • (2007) Phys. Fluids , vol.19 , pp. 054107
    • Ghorai, S.1    Hill, N.A.2
  • 50
    • 28444491143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A fluid-dynamic interpretation of the asymmetric motion of singly flagellated bacteria swimming close to a boundary
    • DOI 10.1529/biophysj.105.067553
    • Goto, T., Nakata, K., Baba, K., Nishimura, M. & Magariyama, Y. 2005 A fluid-dynamic interpretation of the asymmetric motion of singly flagellated bacteria swimming close to a boundary. Biophys. J. 89, 3771-3779. (doi:10.1529/biophysj.105.067553) (Pubitemid 41725600)
    • (2005) Biophysical Journal , vol.89 , Issue.6 , pp. 3771-3779
    • Goto, T.1    Nakata, K.2    Baba, K.3    Nishimura, M.4    Magariyama, Y.5
  • 51
    • 0000897009 scopus 로고
    • The propulsion of sea-urchin spermatozoa
    • Gray, J. & Hancock, G. J. 1955 The propulsion of sea-urchin spermatozoa. J. Exp. Biol. 32, 802-814.
    • (1955) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.32 , pp. 802-814
    • Gray, J.1    Hancock, G.J.2
  • 52
    • 0039361769 scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamic forces and band formation in swimming magnetotactic bacteria
    • doi:10.1016/S0022-5193(88)80274-1
    • Guell, D. C., Brenner, H., Frankel, R. B. & Hartman, H. 1988 Hydrodynamic forces and band formation in swimming magnetotactic bacteria. J. Theor. Biol. 135, 525-542. (doi:10.1016/S0022-5193(88)80274-1)
    • (1988) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.135 , pp. 525-542
    • Guell, D.C.1    Brenner, H.2    Frankel, R.B.3    Hartman, H.4
  • 53
    • 69949084837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple self-organized swimmer driven by molecular motors
    • doi:10.1209/0295-5075/84/68002
    • Gunther, S. & Kruse, K. 2008 A simple self-organized swimmer driven by molecular motors. Europhys. Lett. 84, 68002. (doi:10.1209/0295-5075/84/68002)
    • (2008) Europhys. Lett. , vol.84 , pp. 68002
    • Gunther, S.1    Kruse, K.2
  • 54
    • 17444437767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Onset of collective and cohesive motion
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.025702
    • Gregoire, G. & Chate, H. 2004 Onset of collective and cohesive motion. Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 025702. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.025702)
    • (2004) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.92 , pp. 025702
    • Gregoire, G.1    Chate, H.2
  • 55
    • 58149291509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effective viscosity of dilute bacterial suspensions: A two-dimensional model
    • doi:10.1088/1478-3975/5/4/046003
    • Haines, B. M., Aranson, I. S., Berlyand, L. & Karpeev, D. A. 2008 Effective viscosity of dilute bacterial suspensions: a two-dimensional model. Phys. Biol. 5, 046003. (doi:10.1088/1478-3975/5/4/046003)
    • (2008) Phys. Biol. , vol.5 , pp. 046003
    • Haines, B.M.1    Aranson, I.S.2    Berlyand, L.3    Karpeev, D.A.4
  • 56
    • 2342632490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rheology of active-particle suspensions
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.118101
    • Hatwalne, Y., Ramaswamy, S. & Simha, R. A. 2004 Rheology of active-particle suspensions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 118101. (doi:10.1103/ PhysRevLett.92.118101)
    • (2004) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.92 , pp. 118101
    • Hatwalne, Y.1    Ramaswamy, S.2    Simha, R.A.3
  • 57
    • 28844487774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transport and collective dynamics in suspensions of confined swimming particles
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.204501
    • Hernandez-Ortiz, J. P., Stoltz, C. G. & Graham, M. D. 2005 Transport and collective dynamics in suspensions of confined swimming particles. Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 204501. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.204501)
    • (2005) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.95 , pp. 204501
    • Hernandez-Ortiz, J.P.1    Stoltz, C.G.2    Graham, M.D.3
  • 58
    • 0031582488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A biased random walk model for the trajectories of swimming micro-organisms
    • doi:10.1006/jtbi.1997.0421
    • Hill, N. A. & Hader, P. 1997 A biased random walk model for the trajectories of swimming micro-organisms. J. Theor. Biol. 186, 503-526. (doi:10.1006/jtbi.1997.0421)
    • (1997) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.186 , pp. 503-526
    • Hill, N.A.1    Hader, P.2
  • 59
    • 20444482928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioconvection
    • doi:10.1016/j.fluiddyn.2005.03.002
    • Hill, N. A. & Pedley, T. J. 2005 Bioconvection. Fluid Dyn. Res. 37, 1-20. (doi:10.1016/j.fluiddyn.2005.03.002)
    • (2005) Fluid Dyn. Res. , vol.37 , pp. 1-20
    • Hill, N.A.1    Pedley, T.J.2
  • 60
    • 0029257461 scopus 로고
    • The development of concentration gradients in a suspension of chemotactic bacteria
    • Hillesdon, A. J., Pedley, T. J. & Kessler, J. O. 1995 The development of concentration gradients in a suspension of chemotactic bacteria. Bull. Math. Biol. 57, 299-344.
    • (1995) Bull. Math. Biol. , vol.57 , pp. 299-344
    • Hillesdon, A.J.1    Pedley, T.J.2    Kessler, J.O.3
  • 61
    • 33748880872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A microrotary motor powered by bacteria
    • doi:10.1073/pnas.0604122103
    • Hiratsuka, Y., Miyata, M., Tada, T. & Uyeda, T. Q. P. 2006 A microrotary motor powered by bacteria. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 103, 13 618-13 623. (doi:10.1073/pnas.0604122103)
    • (2006) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.103 , pp. 13618-13623
    • Hiratsuka, Y.1    Miyata, M.2    Tada, T.3    Uyeda, T.Q.P.4
  • 62
    • 0037171427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A computational model of the collective fluid dynamics of motile micro-organisms
    • doi:10.1017/S0022112001007339
    • Hopkins, M. M. & Fauci, L. J. 2002 A computational model of the collective fluid dynamics of motile micro-organisms. J. Fluid Mech. 455, 149-174. (doi:10.1017/S0022112001007339)
    • (2002) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.455 , pp. 149-174
    • Hopkins, M.M.1    Fauci, L.J.2
  • 63
    • 1642529026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Waves and aggregation patterns in myxobacteria
    • doi:10.1073/pnas.0400704101
    • Igoshin, O. A., Welch, R., Kaiser, D. & Oster, G. 2004 Waves and aggregation patterns in myxobacteria. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 101, 4256-4261. (doi:10.1073/pnas.0400704101)
    • (2004) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.101 , pp. 4256-4261
    • Igoshin, O.A.1    Welch, R.2    Kaiser, D.3    Oster, G.4
  • 65
    • 33845743485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of two swimming Paramecia
    • doi:10.1242/jeb.02537
    • Ishikawa, T. & Hota, M. 2006 Interaction of two swimming Paramecia. J. Exp. Biol. 209, 4452-4463. (doi:10.1242/jeb.02537)
    • (2006) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.209 , pp. 4452-4463
    • Ishikawa, T.1    Hota, M.2
  • 66
    • 34548737944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rheology of a semidilute suspension of swimming model micro-organisms
    • doi:10.1017/S0022112007007835
    • Ishikawa, T. & Pedley, T. J. 2007a The rheology of a semidilute suspension of swimming model micro-organisms. J. Fluid Mech. 588, 399-435. (doi:10.1017/S0022112007007835)
    • (2007) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.588 , pp. 399-435
    • Ishikawa, T.1    Pedley, T.J.2
  • 67
    • 34548730527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diffusion of swimming model micro-organisms in a semi-dilute suspension
    • doi:10.1017/S0022112007007847
    • Ishikawa, T. & Pedley, T. J. 2007b Diffusion of swimming model micro-organisms in a semi-dilute suspension. J. Fluid Mech. 588, 437-462. (doi:10.1017/S0022112007007847)
    • (2007) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.588 , pp. 437-462
    • Ishikawa, T.1    Pedley, T.J.2
  • 68
    • 40849136662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coherent structures in monolayers of swimming particles
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.088103
    • Ishikawa, T. & Pedley, T. J. 2008 Coherent structures in monolayers of swimming particles. Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 088103. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett. 100.088103)
    • (2008) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.100 , pp. 088103
    • Ishikawa, T.1    Pedley, T.J.2
  • 69
    • 42449143099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shear-induced fluid tracer diffusion in a semi-dilute suspension of spheres
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.77.041402
    • Ishikawa, T. & Yamaguchi, T. 2008 Shear-induced fluid tracer diffusion in a semi-dilute suspension of spheres. Phys. Rev. E 77, 041402. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.77.041402)
    • (2008) Phys. Rev. E , vol.77 , pp. 041402
    • Ishikawa, T.1    Yamaguchi, T.2
  • 70
    • 33750994004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamic interaction of two swimming model micro-organisms
    • DOI 10.1017/S0022112006002631, PII S0022112006002631
    • Ishikawa, T., Simmonds, M. P. & Pedley, T. J. 2006 Hydrodynamic interaction of two swimming model micro-organisms. J. Fluid Mech. 568, 119-160. (doi:10.1017/S0022112006002631) (Pubitemid 44741348)
    • (2006) Journal of Fluid Mechanics , vol.568 , pp. 119-160
    • Ishikawa, T.1    Simmonds, M.P.2    Pedley, T.J.3
  • 71
    • 35448989390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Orientational relaxation time of bottom-heavy squirmers in a semi-dilute suspension
    • doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2007.07.033
    • Ishikawa, T., Pedley, T. J. & Yamaguchi, T. 2007a Orientational relaxation time of bottom-heavy squirmers in a semi-dilute suspension. J. Theor. Biol. 249, 296-306. (doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2007.07.033)
    • (2007) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.249 , pp. 296-306
    • Ishikawa, T.1    Pedley, T.J.2    Yamaguchi, T.3
  • 72
    • 34548752888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamic interactions between two swimming bacteria
    • DOI 10.1529/biophysj.107.110254
    • Ishikawa, T., Sekiya, G., Imai, Y. & Yamaguchi, T. 2007b Hydrodynamic interaction between two swimming bacteria. Biophys. J. 93, 2217-2225. (doi:10.1529/biophysj.107.110254) (Pubitemid 47437605)
    • (2007) Biophysical Journal , vol.93 , Issue.6 , pp. 2217-2225
    • Ishikawa, T.1    Sekiya, G.2    Imai, Y.3    Yamaguchi, T.4
  • 73
    • 56149109183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of coherent structures in concentrated suspensions of swimming model micro-organisms
    • doi:10.1017/S0022112008003807
    • Ishikawa, T., Locsei, J. T. & Pedley, T. J. 2008 Development of coherent structures in concentrated suspensions of swimming model micro-organisms. J. Fluid Mech. 615, 401-431. (doi:10.1017/S0022112008003807)
    • (2008) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.615 , pp. 401-431
    • Ishikawa, T.1    Locsei, J.T.2    Pedley, T.J.3
  • 74
    • 0000670189 scopus 로고
    • The motion of ellipsoidal particles immersed in a viscous fluid
    • doi:10.1098/rspa.1922.0078
    • Jeffery, G. B. 1922 The motion of ellipsoidal particles immersed in a viscous fluid. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 102, 161-179. (doi:10.1098/rspa.1922.0078)
    • (1922) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A , vol.102 , pp. 161-179
    • Jeffery, G.B.1
  • 75
    • 0036083593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamic interaction between two copepods: A numerical study
    • doi:10.1093/plankt/24.3.235
    • Jiang, H., Osborn, T. R. & Meneveau, C. 2002 Hydrodynamic interaction between two copepods: a numerical study. J. Plank. Res. 24, 235-253. (doi:10.1093/plankt/24.3.235)
    • (2002) J. Plank. Res. , vol.24 , pp. 235-253
    • Jiang, H.1    Osborn, T.R.2    Meneveau, C.3
  • 76
    • 0028668843 scopus 로고
    • Biflagellate gyrotaxis in a shear flow
    • doi:10.1017/S002211209400306X
    • Jones, M. S., Le Baron, L. & Pedley, T. J. 1994 Biflagellate gyrotaxis in a shear flow. J. Fluid Mech. 281, 137-158. (doi:10.1017/ S002211209400306X)
    • (1994) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.281 , pp. 137-158
    • Jones, M.S.1    Le Baron, L.2    Pedley, T.J.3
  • 77
    • 42449091542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between comoving magnetic microswimmers
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.77.041910
    • Keaveny, E. E. & Maxey, M. R. 2008 Interactions between comoving magnetic microswimmers. Phys. Rev. E 77, 041910. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.77. 041910)
    • (2008) Phys. Rev. E , vol.77 , pp. 041910
    • Keaveny, E.E.1    Maxey, M.R.2
  • 78
    • 0000090182 scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamic focusing of motile algal cells
    • doi:10.1038/313218a0
    • Kessler, J. O. 1985 Hydrodynamic focusing of motile algal cells. Nature 313, 218-220. (doi:10.1038/313218a0)
    • (1985) Nature , vol.313 , pp. 218-220
    • Kessler, J.O.1
  • 79
    • 0001012224 scopus 로고
    • The external dynamics of swimming micro-organisms
    • eds F. E. Round & D. J. Chapman Bristol, UK: Biopress
    • Kessler, J. O. 1986 The external dynamics of swimming micro-organisms. In Progress in phycological research, vol.4 (eds F. E. Round & D. J. Chapman), pp. 257-307. Bristol, UK: Biopress.
    • (1986) Progress in Phycological Research , vol.4 , pp. 257-307
    • Kessler, J.O.1
  • 80
    • 0037730035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of swimming bacteria at low and high volume fractions
    • ed. B. Fiedler et al. Singapore: World Scientific
    • Kessler, J. O. 2000 Dynamics of swimming bacteria at low and high volume fractions. In Int. Conf. Differential Equations, vol.2 (ed. B. Fiedler et al.), pp. 1284-1287. Singapore: World Scientific.
    • (2000) Int. Conf. Differential Equations , vol.2 , pp. 1284-1287
    • Kessler, J.O.1
  • 81
    • 0001475777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complementarity of physics, biology and geometry in the dynamics of swimming microorganisms
    • eds. H. Flyvbjerg et al.. Springer Lecture Notes in Physics Berlin, Germany: Springer
    • Kessler, J. O. & Hill, N. A. 1997 Complementarity of physics, biology and geometry in the dynamics of swimming microorganisms. In Physics of biological systems, from molecules to species (eds. H. Flyvbjerg et al.). Springer Lecture Notes in Physics 480, pp. 323-340. Berlin, Germany: Springer.
    • (1997) Physics of Biological Systems, from Molecules to Species , vol.480 , pp. 323-340
    • Kessler, J.O.1    Hill, N.A.2
  • 82
    • 0000041357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Collective dynamics of swimming bacteria
    • eds J. A. Shapiro & M. Dworkin Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press
    • Kessler, J. O. & Wojciechowski, M. 1997 Collective dynamics of swimming bacteria. In Bacteria as multicellular organisms (eds J. A. Shapiro & M. Dworkin), pp. 417-450. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
    • (1997) Bacteria As Multicellular Organisms , pp. 417-450
    • Kessler, J.O.1    Wojciechowski, M.2
  • 83
    • 0001793842 scopus 로고
    • Functional pattern of swimming bacteria
    • eds L. Maddock, Q. Bone & J. M. V. Rayner Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
    • Kessler, J. O., Hoelzer, M. A., Pedley, T. J. & Hill, N. A. 1994 Functional pattern of swimming bacteria. In Mechanics and physiology of animal swimming (eds L. Maddock, Q. Bone & J. M. V. Rayner), pp. 3-12. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1994) Mechanics and Physiology of Animal Swimming , pp. 3-12
    • Kessler, J.O.1    Hoelzer, M.A.2    Pedley, T.J.3    Hill, N.A.4
  • 84
    • 4544257929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced diffusion due to motile bacteria
    • doi:10.1063/1.1787527
    • Kim, M. J. & Breuer, K. S. 2004 Enhanced diffusion due to motile bacteria. Phys. Fluids 16, L78. (doi:10.1063/1.1787527)
    • (2004) Phys. Fluids , vol.16
    • Kim, M.J.1    Breuer, K.S.2
  • 86
    • 42749106131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamic interactions between rotating helices
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.69.061910
    • Kim, M. J. & Powers, T. R. 2004 Hydrodynamic interactions between rotating helices. Phys. Rev. E 69, 061910. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.69.061910)
    • (2004) Phys. Rev. E , vol.69 , pp. 061910
    • Kim, M.J.1    Powers, T.R.2
  • 87
    • 0346103680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A macroscopic scale model of bacterial flagellar bundling
    • doi:10.1073/pnas.2633596100
    • Kim, M. J., Bird, J. C., Parys, A. J. V., Breuer, K. S. & Powers, T. R. 2003 A macroscopic scale model of bacterial flagellar bundling. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 100, 15 481-15 485. (doi:10.1073/pnas.2633596100)
    • (2003) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.100 , pp. 15481-15485
    • Kim, M.J.1    Bird, J.C.2    Parys, A.J.V.3    Breuer, K.S.4    Powers, T.R.5
  • 88
    • 35248836547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioconvection and front formation of Paramecium tetraurelia
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.76.046301
    • Kitsunezaki, S., Komori, R. & Harumoto, T. 2007 Bioconvection and front formation of Paramecium tetraurelia. Phys. Rev. E 76, 046301. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.76.046301)
    • (2007) Phys. Rev. E , vol.76 , pp. 046301
    • Kitsunezaki, S.1    Komori, R.2    Harumoto, T.3
  • 89
    • 0024576322 scopus 로고
    • The instability of a dispersion of sedimenting spheroids
    • doi:10.1017/S0022112089003204
    • Koch, D. L. & Shaqfeh, E. S. G. 1989 The instability of a dispersion of sedimenting spheroids. J. Fluid Mech. 209, 521-542. (doi:10.1017/ S0022112089003204)
    • (1989) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.209 , pp. 521-542
    • Koch, D.L.1    Shaqfeh, E.S.G.2
  • 90
    • 33644536331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Swimming in circles: Motion of bacteria near solid boundaries
    • doi:10.1529/biophysj.105.069401
    • Lauga, E., DiLuzio, W. R., Whitesides, G. M. & Stone, H. A. 2006 Swimming in circles: motion of bacteria near solid boundaries. Biophys. J. 90, 400-412. (doi:10.1529/biophysj.105.069401)
    • (2006) Biophys. J. , vol.90 , pp. 400-412
    • Lauga, E.1    Diluzio, W.R.2    Whitesides, G.M.3    Stone, H.A.4
  • 91
    • 42749108549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamics of bacterial colonies
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.67.031906
    • Lega, J. & Passot, T. 2003 Hydrodynamics of bacterial colonies. Phys. Rev. E 67, 031906. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.67.031906)
    • (2003) Phys. Rev. E , vol.67 , pp. 031906
    • Lega, J.1    Passot, T.2
  • 92
    • 7244231171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamics of bacterial colonies: Phase diagrams
    • DOI 10.1063/1.1768891
    • Lega, J. & Passot, T. 2004 Hydrodynamics of bacterial colonies: phase diagrams. Chaos 14, 562-570. (doi:10.1063/1.1768891) (Pubitemid 39443291)
    • (2004) Chaos , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 562-570
    • Lega, J.1    Passot, T.2
  • 93
    • 33947691228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamics of bacterial colonies
    • doi:10.1088/0951-7715/20/1/001
    • Lega, J. & Passot, T. 2007 Hydrodynamics of bacterial colonies. Nonlinearity 20, C1-C16. (doi:10.1088/0951-7715/20/1/001)
    • (2007) Nonlinearity , vol.20
    • Lega, J.1    Passot, T.2
  • 94
    • 34447317531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pair velocity correlations among swimming Escherichia coli bacteria are determined by force-quadrupole hydrodynamic interactions
    • DOI 10.1063/1.2742423
    • Liao, Q., Subramanian, G., DeLisa, M. P. & Koch, D. L. 2007 Pair velocity correlations among swimming Escherichia coli bacteria are determined by force-quadrupole hydrodynamic interactions. Phys. Fluids 19, 061701. (doi:10.1063/1.2742423) (Pubitemid 47049968)
    • (2007) Physics of Fluids , vol.19 , Issue.6 , pp. 061701
    • Liao, Q.1    Subramanian, G.2    Delisa, M.P.3    Koch, D.L.4    Wu, M.5
  • 95
    • 84980072341 scopus 로고
    • On the squirming motion of nearly spherical deformable bodies through liquids at very small Reynolds numbers
    • doi:10.1002/cpa.3160050201
    • Lighthill, M. J. 1952 On the squirming motion of nearly spherical deformable bodies through liquids at very small Reynolds numbers. Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 5, 109-118. (doi:10.1002/cpa.3160050201)
    • (1952) Commun. Pure Appl. Math. , vol.5 , pp. 109-118
    • Lighthill, M.J.1
  • 96
    • 33846360040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rheology of active filament solutions
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.268101
    • Liverpool, T. B. & Marchetti, M. C. 2006 Rheology of active filament solutions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 268101. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.268101)
    • (2006) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.97 , pp. 268101
    • Liverpool, T.B.1    Marchetti, M.C.2
  • 97
    • 33749163983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic regimes of hydrodynamically coupled self-propelling particles
    • doi:10.1209/epl/i2006-10201-y
    • Llopis, I. & Pagonabarraga, I. 2006 Dynamic regimes of hydrodynamically coupled self-propelling particles. Europhys. Lett. 75, 999-1005. (doi:10.1209/epl/i2006-10201-y)
    • (2006) Europhys. Lett. , vol.75 , pp. 999-1005
    • Llopis, I.1    Pagonabarraga, I.2
  • 98
    • 67649237681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial tracking of motile algae assisted by algal cell's vorticity field
    • doi:10.1007/s00248-008-9468-6
    • Locsei, J. T. & Pedley, T. J. 2009 Bacterial tracking of motile algae assisted by algal cell's vorticity field. Microbiol. Ecol. 58, 63-74 (doi:10.1007/s00248-008-9468-6)
    • (2009) Microbiol. Ecol. , vol.58 , pp. 63-74
    • Locsei, J.T.1    Pedley, T.J.2
  • 99
    • 0016749140 scopus 로고
    • Statistical measures of bacterial motility and chemotaxis
    • doi:10.1016/0022-5193(75)90094-6
    • Lovely, P. S. & Dahlquist, F. W. 1975 Statistical measures of bacterial motility and chemotaxis. J. Theor. Biol. 50, 477-496. (doi:10.1016/0022-5193(75)90094-6)
    • (1975) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.50 , pp. 477-496
    • Lovely, P.S.1    Dahlquist, F.W.2
  • 100
    • 0016156894 scopus 로고
    • Frequency and directional responses of cilia to membrane potential changes in Paramecium
    • doi:10.1007/BF00696617
    • Machemer, H. 1974 Frequency and directional responses of cilia to membrane potential changes in Paramecium. J. Comp. Physiol. 92, 293-316. (doi:10.1007/BF00696617)
    • (1974) J. Comp. Physiol. , vol.92 , pp. 293-316
    • Machemer, H.1
  • 101
    • 0017704180 scopus 로고
    • Normal-to-curly flagellar transitions and their role in bacterial tumbling. Stabilization of an alternative quaternary structure by mechanical force
    • doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(77)80153-8
    • Macnab, R. M. & Ornston, M. K. 1977 Normal-to-curly flagellar transitions and their role in bacterial tumbling. Stabilization of an alternative quaternary structure by mechanical force. J. Mol. Biol. 112, 1-30. (doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(77)80153-8)
    • (1977) J. Mol. Biol. , vol.112 , pp. 1-30
    • Macnab, R.M.1    Ornston, M.K.2
  • 103
    • 0017106309 scopus 로고
    • Effect of temperature on motility and chemotaxis of Escherichia coli
    • Maeda, K., Imae, Y., Shioi, J. I. & Oosawa, F. 1976 Effect of temperature on motility and chemotaxis of Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 127, 1039-1046.
    • (1976) J. Bacteriol. , vol.127 , pp. 1039-1046
    • Maeda, K.1    Imae, Y.2    Shioi, J.I.3    Oosawa, F.4
  • 104
    • 17844399546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Difference in bacterial motion between forward and backward swimming caused by the wall effect
    • DOI 10.1529/biophysj.104.054049
    • Magariyama, Y., Ichiba, M., Nakata, K., Baba, K., Ohtani, T., Kudo, S. & Goto, T. 2005 Difference in bacterial motion between forward and backward swimming caused by the wall effect. Biophys. J. 88, 3648-3658. (doi:10.1529/biophysj.104.054049) (Pubitemid 40586613)
    • (2005) Biophysical Journal , vol.88 , Issue.5 , pp. 3648-3658
    • Magariyama, Y.1    Ichiba, M.2    Nakata, K.3    Baba, K.4    Ohtani, T.5    Kudo, S.6    Goto, T.7
  • 105
    • 0025007527 scopus 로고
    • Magnetotactic bacteria: Microbiology, biomineralization, palaeomagnetism and biotechnology
    • doi:10.1016/S0065-2911(08)60121-6
    • Mann, S., Sparks, N. H. C. & Board, R. G. 1990 Magnetotactic bacteria: microbiology, biomineralization, palaeomagnetism and biotechnology. Adv. Microb. Physiol. 31, 125-181. (doi:10.1016/S0065-2911(08)60121-6)
    • (1990) Adv. Microb. Physiol. , vol.31 , pp. 125-181
    • Mann, S.1    Sparks, N.H.C.2    Board, R.G.3
  • 106
    • 33947203658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamics and rheology of active liquid crystals: A numerical investigation
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.118102
    • Marenduzzo, D., Orlandini, E. & Yeomans, J. M. 2007 Hydrodynamics and rheology of active liquid crystals: a numerical investigation. Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 118102. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.118102)
    • (2007) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.98 , pp. 118102
    • Marenduzzo, D.1    Orlandini, E.2    Yeomans, J.M.3
  • 107
    • 38049178489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The collective dynamics of self-propelled particles
    • doi:10.1017/S0022112007009184
    • Mehandia, V. & Nott, P. R. 2008 The collective dynamics of self-propelled particles. J. Fluid Mech. 595, 239-264. (doi:10.1017/ S0022112007009184)
    • (2008) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.595 , pp. 239-264
    • Mehandia, V.1    Nott, P.R.2
  • 108
    • 0032956539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organized cell swimming motions in Bacillus subtilis colonies: Patterns of short-lived whirls and jets
    • Mendelson, N. H., Bourque, A., Wilkening, K., Anderson, K. R. & Watkins, J. C. 1999 Organised cell swimming motions in Bacillus subtilis colonies: patterns of short-lived whirls and jets. J. Bacteriol. 180, 600-609. (Pubitemid 29045153)
    • (1999) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.181 , Issue.2 , pp. 600-609
    • Mendelson, N.H.1    Bourque, A.2    Wilkening, K.3    Anderson, K.R.4    Watkins, J.C.5
  • 109
    • 0035950219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Falling plumes in bacterial bioconvection
    • doi:10.1017/S0022112001005547
    • Metcalfe, A. M. & Pedley, T. J. 2001 Falling plumes in bacterial bioconvection. J. Fluid Mech. 445, 121-149. (doi:10.1017/S0022112001005547)
    • (2001) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.445 , pp. 121-149
    • Metcalfe, A.M.1    Pedley, T.J.2
  • 110
    • 4444377018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incorporating turbulence into a plankton foodweb model
    • doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2003.07.003
    • Metcalfe, A. M., Pedley, T. J. & Thingstad, T. F. 2004 Incorporating turbulence into a plankton foodweb model. J. Mar. Syst. 49, 105-122. (doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2003.07.003)
    • (2004) J. Mar. Syst. , vol.49 , pp. 105-122
    • Metcalfe, A.M.1    Pedley, T.J.2    Thingstad, T.F.3
  • 111
    • 0037062937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exceptional sperm cooperation in the wood mouse
    • DOI 10.1038/nature00832
    • Moore, H., DvorAikovAi, K., Jenkins, N. & Breed, W. 2002 Exceptional sperm cooperation in the wood mouse. Nature 418, 174-177. (doi:10.1038/ nature00832) (Pubitemid 34773770)
    • (2002) Nature , vol.418 , Issue.6894 , pp. 174-177
    • Moore, H.1    Dvorakova, K.2    Jenkins, N.3    Breed, W.4
  • 112
    • 84985072074 scopus 로고
    • Ciliary movement and its control in Paramecium
    • Naitoh, Y. & Sugino, K. 1984 Ciliary movement and its control in Paramecium. J. Protozool. 31, 31-40.
    • (1984) J. Protozool. , vol.31 , pp. 31-40
    • Naitoh, Y.1    Sugino, K.2
  • 113
    • 0031274736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamic interaction between two nearby swimming micromachines
    • doi:10.1007/s004660050275
    • Nasseri, S. & Phan-Thien, N. 1997 Hydrodynamic interaction between two nearby swimming micromachines. Comp. Mech. 20, 551-559. (doi:10.1007/ s004660050275)
    • (1997) Comp. Mech. , vol.20 , pp. 551-559
    • Nasseri, S.1    Phan-Thien, N.2
  • 114
    • 0023258984 scopus 로고
    • The orientation of spheroidal microorganisms swimming in a flow field
    • doi:10.1098/rspb.1987.0035
    • Pedley, T. J. & Kessler, J. O. 1987 The orientation of spheroidal microorganisms swimming in a flow field. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 231, 47-70. (doi:10.1098/rspb.1987.0035)
    • (1987) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.231 , pp. 47-70
    • Pedley, T.J.1    Kessler, J.O.2
  • 115
    • 0025398477 scopus 로고
    • A new continuum model for suspensions of gyrotactic micro-organisms
    • doi:10.1017/S0022112090001914
    • Pedley, T. J. & Kessler, J. O. 1990 A new continuum model for suspensions of gyrotactic micro-organisms. J. Fluid Mech. 212, 155-182. (doi:10.1017/S0022112090001914)
    • (1990) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.212 , pp. 155-182
    • Pedley, T.J.1    Kessler, J.O.2
  • 116
    • 0000304274 scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamic phenomena in suspensions of swimming microorganisms
    • doi:10.1146/annurev.fl.24.010192.001525
    • Pedley, T. J. & Kessler, J. O. 1992 Hydrodynamic phenomena in suspensions of swimming microorganisms. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 24, 313-358. (doi:10.1146/annurev.fl.24.010192.001525)
    • (1992) Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. , vol.24 , pp. 313-358
    • Pedley, T.J.1    Kessler, J.O.2
  • 117
    • 0024274825 scopus 로고
    • The growth of bioconvection patterns in a uniform suspension of gyrotactic micro-organisms
    • doi:10.1017/S0022112088002393
    • Pedley, T. J., Hill, N. A. & Kessler, J. O. 1988 The growth of bioconvection patterns in a uniform suspension of gyrotactic micro-organisms. J. Fluid Mech. 195, 223-237. (doi:10.1017/S0022112088002393)
    • (1988) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.195 , pp. 223-237
    • Pedley, T.J.1    Hill, N.A.2    Kessler, J.O.3
  • 118
    • 0001404283 scopus 로고
    • 'Bioconvection patterns' in cultures of free-swimming organisms
    • doi:10.1126/science.133.3466.1766
    • Platt, J. R. 1961 'Bioconvection patterns' in cultures of free-swimming organisms. Science 133, 1766-1767. (doi:10.1126/science.133.3466.1766)
    • (1961) Science , vol.133 , pp. 1766-1767
    • Platt, J.R.1
  • 119
    • 36549026812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamic interaction between two swimmers at low Reynolds number
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.228103
    • Pooley, C. M., Alexander, G. P. & Yeomans, J. M. 2007 Hydrodynamic interaction between two swimmers at low Reynolds number. Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 228103. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.228103)
    • (2007) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.99 , pp. 228103
    • Pooley, C.M.1    Alexander, G.P.2    Yeomans, J.M.3
  • 121
    • 84890506631 scopus 로고
    • Life at low Reynolds number
    • doi:10.1119/1.10903
    • Purcell, E. M. 1977 Life at low Reynolds number. Am. J. Phys. 45, 3-11. (doi:10.1119/1.10903)
    • (1977) Am. J. Phys. , vol.45 , pp. 3-11
    • Purcell, E.M.1
  • 122
    • 33747789360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mechanics of active matter: Broken-symmetry hydrodynamics of motile particles and granular layers
    • DOI 10.1016/j.ssc.2006.05.042, PII S0038109806004765, Soft Condensed Matter
    • Ramaswamy, S. & Simha, R. A. 2006 The mechanics of active matter: broken-symmetry hydrodynamics of motile particles and granular layers. Solid State Commun. 139, 617-622. (doi:10.1016/j.ssc.2006.05.042) (Pubitemid 44278144)
    • (2006) Solid State Communications , vol.139 , Issue.11-12 , pp. 617-622
    • Ramaswamy, S.1    Simha, R.A.2
  • 123
    • 0027163350 scopus 로고
    • The role of hydrodynamic interaction in the locomotion of microorganisms
    • Ramia, M., Tullock, D. L. & Phan-Thien, N. 1993 The role of hydrodynamic interaction in the locomotion of microorganisms. Biophys. J. 65, 755-778. (doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(93)81129-9) (Pubitemid 23263887)
    • (1993) Biophysical Journal , vol.65 , Issue.2 , pp. 755-778
    • Ramia, M.1    Tullock, D.L.2    Phan-Thien, N.3
  • 125
    • 24344453795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synchronization of rotating helices by hydrodynamic interactions
    • doi:10.1140/epje/i2004-10152-7
    • Reichert, M. & Stark, H. 2005 Synchronization of rotating helices by hydrodynamic interactions. Eur. Phys. J. E 17, 485-491. (doi:10.1140/epje/i2004- 10152-7)
    • (2005) Eur. Phys. J. E , vol.17 , pp. 485-491
    • Reichert, M.1    Stark, H.2
  • 126
    • 22144447869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A self-organized vortex array of hydrodynamically entrained sperm cells
    • doi:10.1126/science.1110329
    • Riedel, I. H. 2005 A self-organized vortex array of hydrodynamically entrained sperm cells. Science 309, 300-303. (doi:10.1126/science.1110329)
    • (2005) Science , vol.309 , pp. 300-303
    • Riedel, I.H.1
  • 127
    • 34547523461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Orientational order and instabilities in suspensions of self-locomoting rods
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.058102
    • Saintillan, D. & Shelley, M. J. 2007 Orientational order and instabilities in suspensions of self-locomoting rods. Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 058102. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.058102)
    • (2007) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.99 , pp. 058102
    • Saintillan, D.1    Shelley, M.J.2
  • 128
    • 43049109537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Instabilities and pattern formation in active particle suspensions: Kinetic theory and continuum simulations
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.178103
    • Saintillan, D. & Shelley, M. J. 2008a Instabilities and pattern formation in active particle suspensions: kinetic theory and continuum simulations. Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 178103. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.178103)
    • (2008) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.100 , pp. 178103
    • Saintillan, D.1    Shelley, M.J.2
  • 129
    • 58249089836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Instabilities, pattern formation, and mixing in active suspensions
    • doi:10.1063/1.3041776
    • Saintillan, D. & Shelley, M. J. 2008b Instabilities, pattern formation, and mixing in active suspensions. Phys. Fluids 20, 123304. (doi:10.1063/1.3041776)
    • (2008) Phys. Fluids , vol.20 , pp. 123304
    • Saintillan, D.1    Shelley, M.J.2
  • 130
    • 33846081455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of stratification on the wave number selection in the instability of sedimenting spheroids
    • DOI 10.1063/1.2396913
    • Saintillan, D., Shaqfeh, E. S. G. & Darve, E. 2006 The effect of stratification on the wave number selection in the instability of sedimenting spheroids. Phys. Fluids 18, 121503. (doi:10.1063/1.2396913) (Pubitemid 46055900)
    • (2006) Physics of Fluids , vol.18 , Issue.12 , pp. 121503
    • Saintillan, D.1    Shaqfeh, E.S.G.2    Darve, E.3
  • 131
    • 33751224434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of bacterial flow: Emergence of spatiotemporal coherent structures
    • doi:10.1016/j.physleta.2006.08.064
    • Sambelashvili, N., Lau, A. W. C. & Cai, D. 2007 Dynamics of bacterial flow: emergence of spatiotemporal coherent structures. Phys. Lett. A 360, 507-511. (doi:10.1016/j.physleta.2006.08.064)
    • (2007) Phys. Lett. A , vol.360 , pp. 507-511
    • Sambelashvili, N.1    Lau, A.W.C.2    Cai, D.3
  • 132
    • 63549097371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Instabilities and waves in thin films of living fluids
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.118107
    • Sankararaman, S. & Ramaswamy, S. 2009 Instabilities and waves in thin films of living fluids. Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 118107. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett. 102.118107)
    • (2009) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.102 , pp. 118107
    • Sankararaman, S.1    Ramaswamy, S.2
  • 133
    • 0000103406 scopus 로고
    • Theory of continuum random walks and application to chemotaxis
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.48.2553
    • Schnitzer, M. J. 1993 Theory of continuum random walks and application to chemotaxis. Phys. Rev. E 48, 2553-2568. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.48.2553)
    • (1993) Phys. Rev. E , vol.48 , pp. 2553-2568
    • Schnitzer, M.J.1
  • 134
    • 40449085730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oceanography: Red tide rising
    • doi:10.1038/452024a
    • Schrope, M. 2008 Oceanography: red tide rising. Nature 452, 24-26. (doi:10.1038/452024a)
    • (2008) Nature , vol.452 , pp. 24-26
    • Schrope, M.1
  • 135
    • 0024414749 scopus 로고
    • Escherichia coli K-12 cell-cell interactions seen by time-lapse video
    • Shapiro, J. A. & Hsu, C. 1989 Escherichia coli K-12 cell-cell interactions seen by time-lapse video. J. Bacteriol. 171, 5963-5974. (Pubitemid 19266919)
    • (1989) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.171 , Issue.11 , pp. 5963-5974
    • Shapiro, J.A.1    Hsu, C.2
  • 136
    • 18544400418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamic fluctuations and instabilities in ordered suspensions of self-propelled particles
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.058101
    • Simha, R. A. & Ramaswamy, S. 2002 Hydrodynamic fluctuations and instabilities in ordered suspensions of self-propelled particles. Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 058101. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.058101)
    • (2002) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.89 , pp. 058101
    • Simha, R.A.1    Ramaswamy, S.2
  • 137
    • 34147166003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentration dependence of the collective dynamics of swimming bacteria
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.158102
    • Sokolov, A., Aranson, I. S., Kessler, J. O. & Goldstein, R. E. 2007 Concentration dependence of the collective dynamics of swimming bacteria. Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 158102. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.158102)
    • (2007) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.98 , pp. 158102
    • Sokolov, A.1    Aranson, I.S.2    Kessler, J.O.3    Goldstein, R.E.4
  • 138
    • 0023146789 scopus 로고
    • Unusual swimming behavior of a magnetotactic bacterium
    • doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1987.tb02336.x
    • Spormann, A. M. 1987 Unusual swimming behavior of a magnetotactic bacterium. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 45, 37-45. (doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1987. tb02336.x)
    • (1987) FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. , vol.45 , pp. 37-45
    • Spormann, A.M.1
  • 139
    • 48849090727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of pattern formation in bacterial swarms
    • doi:10.1063/1.2953245
    • Steager, E. B., Kim, C. B. & Kim, M. J. 2008 Dynamics of pattern formation in bacterial swarms. Phys. Fluids 20, 073601. (doi:10.1063/1.2953245)
    • (2008) Phys. Fluids , vol.20 , pp. 073601
    • Steager, E.B.1    Kim, C.B.2    Kim, M.J.3
  • 140
    • 0000973878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propulsion of microorganisms by surface distortions
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.4102
    • Stone, H. A. & Samuel, A. D. T. 1996 Propulsion of microorganisms by surface distortions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 4102-4104. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett. 77.4102)
    • (1996) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.77 , pp. 4102-4104
    • Stone, H.A.1    Samuel, A.D.T.2
  • 141
    • 44949199431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermo-bioconvection in a suspension of gravitactic micro-organisms in vertical cylinders
    • doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2007.10.023
    • Taheria, M. & Bilgen, E. 2008 Thermo-bioconvection in a suspension of gravitactic micro-organisms in vertical cylinders. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 51, 3535-3547. (doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2007.10.023)
    • (2008) Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. , vol.51 , pp. 3535-3547
    • Taheria, M.1    Bilgen, E.2
  • 142
    • 48449104873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of mathematical approaches used to model bacterial chemotaxis I: The single cell
    • doi:10.1007/s11538-008-9321-6
    • Tindall, M. J., Porter, S. L., Maini, P. K., Gaglia, G. & Armitage, J. P. 2008a Overview of mathematical approaches used to model bacterial chemotaxis I: the single cell. Bull. Math. Biol. 70, 1525-1569. (doi:10.1007/s11538-008-9321-6)
    • (2008) Bull. Math. Biol. , vol.70 , pp. 1525-1569
    • Tindall, M.J.1    Porter, S.L.2    Maini, P.K.3    Gaglia, G.4    Armitage, J.P.5
  • 143
    • 48449102329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of mathematical approaches used to model bacterial chemotaxis II: Bacterial populations
    • doi:10.1007/s11538-008-9322-5
    • Tindall, M. J., Maini, P. K., Porter, S. L. & Armitage, J. P. 2008b Overview of mathematical approaches used to model bacterial chemotaxis II: bacterial populations. Bull. Math. Biol. 70, 1570-1607. (doi:10.1007/s11538-008- 9322-5)
    • (2008) Bull. Math. Biol. , vol.70 , pp. 1570-1607
    • Tindall, M.J.1    Maini, P.K.2    Porter, S.L.3    Armitage, J.P.4
  • 144
    • 20444507542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamics and phases of flocks
    • doi:10.1016/j.aop.2005.04.011
    • Toner, J., Tu, Y. & Ramaswamy, S. 2005 Hydrodynamics and phases of flocks. Ann. Phys. 318, 170-244. (doi:10.1016/j.aop.2005.04.011)
    • (2005) Ann. Phys. , vol.318 , pp. 170-244
    • Toner, J.1    Tu, Y.2    Ramaswamy, S.3
  • 146
    • 45249112010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diffusion and spatial correlations in suspensions of swimming particles
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.248101
    • Underhill, P. T., Hernandez-Ortiz, J. P. & Graham, M. D. 2008 Diffusion and spatial correlations in suspensions of swimming particles. Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 248101. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.248101)
    • (2008) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.100 , pp. 248101
    • Underhill, P.T.1    Hernandez-Ortiz, J.P.2    Graham, M.D.3
  • 147
    • 0001730998 scopus 로고
    • Novel type of phase transition in a system of selfdriven particles
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1226
    • Vicsek, T., Czirok, A., Ben-Jacob, E., Cohen, I. & Shochet, O. 1995 Novel type of phase transition in a system of selfdriven particles. Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 1226-1229. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1226)
    • (1995) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.75 , pp. 1226-1229
    • Vicsek, T.1    Czirok, A.2    Ben-Jacob, E.3    Cohen, I.4    Shochet, O.5
  • 149
    • 1942508836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of cell velocity distributions in populations of motile algae
    • doi:10.1242/jeb.00881
    • Vladimirov, V. A., Wu, M. S. C., Pedley, T. J., Denissenko, P. V. & Zakhidova, S. G. 2004 Measurement of cell velocity distributions in populations of motile algae. J. Exp. Biol. 207, 1203-1216. (doi:10.1242/jeb.00881)
    • (2004) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.207 , pp. 1203-1216
    • Vladimirov, V.A.1    Wu, M.S.C.2    Pedley, T.J.3    Denissenko, P.V.4    Zakhidova, S.G.5
  • 150
    • 32644465773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generic phase diagram of active polar films
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.028102
    • Voituriez, R., Joanny, J. F. & Prost, J. 2006 Generic phase diagram of active polar films. Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 028102. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.96. 028102)
    • (2006) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.96 , pp. 028102
    • Voituriez, R.1    Joanny, J.F.2    Prost, J.3
  • 151
    • 0000674704 scopus 로고
    • On the effect of gravity upon the movements and aggregation of Euglena viridis, Ehrb., and other microorganisms
    • doi:10.1098/rstb.1911.0007
    • Wager, H. 1911 On the effect of gravity upon the movements and aggregation of Euglena viridis, Ehrb., and other microorganisms. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 201, 333-390. (doi:10.1098/rstb.1911.0007)
    • (1911) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.201 , pp. 333-390
    • Wager, H.1
  • 152
    • 50349092463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Collective swimming and the dynamics of bacterial turbulence
    • doi:10.1529/biophysj.107.118257
    • Wolgemuth, C. W. 2008 Collective swimming and the dynamics of bacterial turbulence. Biophys. J. 95, 1564-1574. (doi:10.1529/biophysj.107.118257)
    • (2008) Biophys. J. , vol.95 , pp. 1564-1574
    • Wolgemuth, C.W.1
  • 153
    • 10444274746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Particle diffusion in a quasitwo- Dimensional bacterial bath
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.3017
    • Wu, X.-L. & Libchaber, A. 2000 Particle diffusion in a quasitwo- dimensional bacterial bath. Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3017-3020. (doi:10.1103/ PhysRevLett.84.3017)
    • (2000) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.84 , pp. 3017-3020
    • Wu, X.-L.1    Libchaber, A.2
  • 154
    • 57749091694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cooperation of sperm in two dimensions: Synchronization, attraction, and aggregation through hydrodynamic interactions
    • doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.78.061903
    • Yang, Y., Elgeti, J. & Gompper, G. 2008 Cooperation of sperm in two dimensions: synchronization, attraction, and aggregation through hydrodynamic interactions. Phys. Rev. E 78, 061903. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.78.061903)
    • (2008) Phys. Rev. E , vol.78 , pp. 061903
    • Yang, Y.1    Elgeti, J.2    Gompper, G.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.