Gymnodinium corollarium Sp. Nov. (Dinophyceae) - A new cold-water dinoflagellate responsible for cyst sedimentation events in the baltic sea

Journal of Phycology

Volumn 45, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 938-952

  Sundström, Annica M ^a   Kremp, Anke ^b,c   Daugbjerg, Niels ^d   Moestrup, Øjvind ^d   Ellegaard, Marianne ^d   Hansen, Regina ^e   Hajdu, Susanna ^a  

^a STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b FINNISH ENVIRONMENT INSTITUTE   (Finland)

^c UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^d UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

^e LEIBNIZ INSTITUTE FOR BALTIC SEA RESEARCH   (Germany)

Author keywords

Baltic Sea; Dinoflagellate cysts; Gymnodinium; LSU rDNA; Spring bloom; Taxonomy

Indexed keywords

DINOPHYCEAE; GYMNODINIUM; GYMNODINIUM AUREOLUM;

EID: 69849111650     PISSN: 00223646     EISSN: 15298817     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2009.00712.x     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Autio, R., Heiskanen, A.-S., Hällfors, G., Hällfors, S., Kaitala, S., Kivi, K., Kuosa, H., et al. 1990. Ecological Plankton Research of the Baltic Sea-Project PELAG: Final Report 1987-89. PELAG Press, Helsinki, Finland, 172 pp.
2. Biecheler, B. 1939. Sur deux Péridiniens nouveaux des eaux sau-mâtres des environs de Sète. Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr. 64:12-8.
3. Biecheler, B. 1952. Recherches sur les Péridiniens. Bull. Biol. Fr. Belg. 36(Suppl.):1-149.
4. Daugbjerg, N., Hansen, G., Larsen, J. & Moestrup, ø. 2000. Phylogeny of some of the major genera of dinoflagellates based on ultrastructure and partial LSU rDNA sequence data, including the erection of three new genera of unarmoured dinoflagellates. Phycologia 39:302-317
5. Daugbjerg, N., Moestrup, ø. & Arctander, P. 1994. Phylogeny of the genus Pyramimonas (Prasinophyceae) inferred from the rbcL gene. J. Phycol. 30:991-999
6. Dodge, J. D. & Crawford, R. M. 1969. The fine structure of Gymn-odinium fuscum (Dinophyceae). New Phytol. 68:613-618
7. Drebes, G. 1978. Dissodinium pseudolunula (Dinophyta), a parasite on copepod eggs. Br. Phycol. J. 13:319-327
8. Ehrenberg, C. G. 1834. Dritter Beitrag zur Erkenntnis grosser Organisation in der Richtung des kleinsten Raumes -Abhandlungen der K0̈niglichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. Aus dem Jahre 1833:145-336, pl. 1-11.
9. Ehrenberg, C. G. 1838. Die Infusionsthierchen als vollkommene Organ-ismen. Voss, Berlin, 547 pp., pl. 1-64.
10. Elbrächter, M. & Drebes, G. 1978. Life cycles, phylogeny and taxonomy of Dissodinium and Pyrocystis (Dinophyta). Helgol. Wiss. Meeresunters. 31:347-366
11. Flø Jørgensen, M., Murray, S. & Daugbjerg, N. 2004. Amphidinium revisited. I. Redefinition of Amphidinium (Dinophyceae) based on cladistic and molecular phylogenetic analyses. J. Phycol. 40:351-365
12. Guillard, R. R. L. & Lorenzen, C. J. 1972. Yellow-green algae with chlorophyllid c. J. Phycol. 8:10-14
13. Guillard, R. R. L. & Ryther, J. H. 1962. Studies of marine planktonic diatoms. I. Cyclotella nana Hustedt and Detonula confervacea (Cleve) Gran. Can. J. Microbiol. 8:229-239
14. Hajdu, S. 2002. Phytoplankton of Baltic environmental gradients: observations on potentially toxic species. PhD thesis, Department of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden, 22 pp.
15. Hajdu, S. & Willén, T. 1985. Development of Phytoplankton in the Gulf of Bothnia During May 1979-1984. TheSwedishMarineAssociation. Annual Report. SMHI Press, Norrk0̈ping, Sweden, pp. 161-171
16. Hall, T. 2006. BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95 /98 /NT. Nucleic Acids Symp. Ser. 41:95-98
17. Hällfors, G. 2004. Checklist of Baltic Sea phytoplankton species. HELCOM, Balt. Sea Environ. Proc. 95:1-210.
18. Hansen, G. 2001. Ultrastructure of Gymnodinium aureolum (Dino-phyceae): toward a further redefinition of Gymnodinium sensu stricto. J. Phycol. 37:612-623
19. Hansen, G., Botes, L. & de Salas, M. 2007. Ultrastructure and large subunit rDNA sequences of Lepidodinium viride reveal a close relationship to Lepidodinium chlorophorum comb. nov. (= Gymnodinium chlorophorum). Phycol. Res. 55:25-41.
20. Hansen, G., Daugbjerg, N. & Henriksen, P. 2000a. Comparative study of Gymnodinium mikimotoi and Gymnodinium aureolum, comb. nov. (=Gyrodinium aureolum) based on morphology, pigment composition, and molecular data. J. Phycol. 36:394-410.
21. Hansen, G., Moestrup, ø. & Roberts, K. R. 2000b. Light and electron microscopial observations on the type species of Gymn-odinium, G. fuscum (Dinophyceae). Phycologia 39:365-376
22. Heiskanen, A.-S. 1993. Mass encystment and sinking of dinofla-gellates during a spring bloom. Mar. Biol. 116:161-167
23. HELCOM. 1990. Second periodic assessment of the state of the marine environment of the Baltic Sea, 1984-1988; background document. Balt. Sea Environ. Proc. 35B:1-432.
24. HELCOM. 1996. Third periodic assessment of the state of the marine environment of the Baltic Sea, 1989-1993; background document. Balt. Sea Environ. Proc. 64B:1-252.
25. Herdman, E. C. 1922. Notes on dinoflagellates and other organisms causing discolouration of the sand of Port Erin II. Proc. Trans. Liverpool Biol. Soc. 36:15-30.
26. Hobro, R. 1979. Stages of the annual phytoplankton succession in the Ask0̈ area (northern Baltic Sea). Acta Bot. Fenn. 110:79-80.
27. Höglander, H., Larsson, U. & Hajdu, S. 2004. Vertical distribution and settling of spring phytoplankton in the offshore NW Baltic Sea proper. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 283:15-27.
28. Hulburt, E. M. 1957. The taxonomy of unarmored Dinophyceae of shallow embayments of Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Biol. Bull. 112:196-219.
29. Jaanus, A., Hajdu, S., Kaitala, S., Andersson, A., Kaljurand, K., Ledaine, I., Lips, I. & Olenina, I. 2006. Distribution patterns of isomorphic cold-water dinoflagellates (Scrippsiella /Woloszynskia complex) causing 'red tides' in the Baltic Sea. Hydrobiologia 554:137-146
30. Kofoid, C. A. & Sweezy, O. 1921. The free-living unarmoured dinoflagellata. Mem. Univ. Calif. 5:1-562.
31. Kononen, K. & Niemi, Å. 1984. Long term variation of the phyto-plankton composition at the entrance to the Gulf of Finland. Ophelia 3(Suppl.):101-110
32. Kremp, A., Elbrächter, M., Schweikert, M., Wolny, J. L. & Gottsch-ling, M. 2005. Woloszynskia halophila (Biecheler) comb. nov.: a bloom-forming cold-water dinoflagellate co-occurring with Scrippsiella hangoei (Dinophyceae) in the Baltic Sea. J. Phycol. 41:629-642
33. Kremp, A. & Heiskanen, A.-S. 1999. Sexuality and cyst formation of the spring bloom dinoflagellate Scrippsiella hangoei in the coastal northern Baltic Sea. Mar. Biol. 134:771-777
34. Kuosa, H. 1986. The phytoplankton of a small brackish-water bay, Tvärminne Byviken, Southern Finland. Ophelia 4(Suppl.):119-127
35. Larsen, J. 1994. Unarmoured dinoflagellates from Australian waters. 1. The genus Gymnodinium (Gymnodiniales, Dinophy-ceae). Phycologia 33:24-33.
36. Larsen, J., Kuosa, H., Ikävalko, J., Kivi, K. & Hällfors, S. 1995. A redescription of Scrippsiella hangoei (Schiller) comb. nov. - a 'red tide' forming dinoflagellate from the northern Baltic. Phycologia 34:135-144
37. Lenaers, G., Maroteaux, L., Michot, B. & Herzog, M. 1989. Dino-flagellates in evolution. A molecular phylogenetic analysis of large subunit ribosomal RNA. J. Mol. Evol. 29:40-51.
38. Lignell, R., Heiskanen, A.-S., Kuosa, H., Gundersen, P., Kuuppo-Leinikki, R., Pajuniemi, R. & Uitto, A. 1993. Fate of a phyto-plankton spring bloom: sedimentation and carbon flow in the planktonic food web in the northern Baltic. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 94:239-252
39. Lilly, E. L., Halanych, K. M. & Anderson, D. M. 2005. Phylogeny, biogeography and species boundaries within the Alexandrium minutum group. Harmful Algae 4:1004-1020
40. Lindberg, K., Moestrup, ø. & Daugbjerg, N. 2005. Studies on woloszynskioid dinoflagellates I: Woloszynskia coronata re-examined using light and electron microscopy and partial LSU rDNA sequences, with description of Tovellia gen. nov. and Jadwigia gen. nov (Tovelliaceae fam. nov.). Phycologia 44:416-440
41. Moestrup, ø., Lindberg, K. & Daugbjerg, N. 2009a. Studies on woloszynskioid dinoflagellates IV: the genus Biecheleria gen. nov. Phycol. Res. 57: in press.
42. Moestrup, ø., Lindberg, K. & Daugbjerg, N. 2009b. Studies on wol-oszynskioid dinoflagellates V. Ultrastructure of Biecheleriopsis gen. nov., with description of B. adriatica sp. nov. Phycol. Res. 57: in press.
43. Müller-Haeckel, A. 1985. Shade adapted algae beneath ice and snow in the Northern Bothnian Sea. Int. Rev. Ges. Hydrobiol. 70:325-334
44. Murray, S. & Patterson, D. J. 2002. The benthic dinoflagellate genus Amphidinium in south-eastern Australian waters, including three new species. Eur. J. Phycol. 37:279-298
45. Niemi, Å. 1975. Ecology of phytoplankton in the Tvärminne area, SW coast of Finland. II. Primary production and environmental conditions in the archipelago and the sea zone. Acta Bot. Fenn. 105:1-73.
46. Niemi, Å . 1986. Algsamhällen i havsisen. Nordensk. Samfund. Tidskr. 46:3-19.
47. Nunn, G. B., Theisen, B., Christensen, B. & Arctander, P. 1996. Simplicity-correlated size growth of the nuclear 28S ribosomal RNA D3 expansion segment in the crustacean order isopoda. J. Mol. Evol. 42:211-223
48. Nygaard, G. 1949. Hydrobiological studies on some Danish ponds and lakes. Part II: the quotient hypothesis and some new or little known phytoplankton organisms. Det. K. Dan. Vidensk. Selsk. Biol. Skr. 7:1-293.
49. Olli, K., Heiskanen, A.-S. & Lohikari, K. 1998. Vertical migration of autotrophic planktonic microorganisms during a vernal bloom at the coastal Baltic Sea - coexistence through niche separation. Hydrobiologia 363:179-189
50. Parrow, M. W. & Kremp, A. 2008. Asexual resting cysts: a common dinoflagellate survival strategy? In Book of Abstracts Eighth International Conference on Modern and Fossil Dinoflagellates. Unpublished, pp. 42-43
51. Posada, D. & Crandall, K. A. 1998. Modeltest: testing the model of DNA substitution. Bioinformatics 14:817-818
52. Rintala, J.-M., Spilling, K. & Blomster, J. 2007. Temporary cyst enables long-term dark survival of Scrippsiella hangoei (Dino-phyceae). Mar. Biol. 152:57-62.
53. Ronquist, F. & Huelsenbeck, J. P. 2003. MRBAYES 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics 19:1572-1574
54. Schiller, J. 1932. Dinoflagellatae. In Kolkwitz, R. [Ed.] Rabenhorst's Kryptogamenflora, 10, Abt. 3, Teil I. Akademische Verlagsge-sellschaft M. B. H, Leipzig, Germany, pp. 257-432.
55. Schilling, A. J. 1891. Die Süsswasser-Peridineen. Flora vol. 74. N. G. Elwert'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung Marburg Germany pp. 220-299, taf viii-x.
56. Scholin, C. A., Herzog, M., Sogin, M. & Anderson, D. M. 1994. Identification of group-and strain-specific genetic markers for globally distributed Alexandrium (Dinophyceae). II. Sequence analysis of a fragment of the LSU rRNA gene. J. Phycol. 30:999-1011.
57. Skuja, H. 1956. Taxonomische und biologische Studien über das Phytoplankton Schwedischer Binnengewässer. Nova Acta Reg. Soc. Sci. Upsaliensis. Ser. IV 16:1-404.
58. Stein, F. [Ed.] 1883. Der Organismus der Infusionsthiere. 3. Abt. Der Organismus der Arthrodelen Flagellaten nach eigenen For-schungen in systematischer Reihenfolge bearbeitet. 2. Hälfte. Einleitung und Erklärung der Abbildungen. W. Engelmann, Leipzig, Germany, pp. 1-30, pl. 1-25.
59. Swift, E. 1973. Dissodinium pseudolunula n. sp. Phycologia 12:90-91
60. Swofford, D. L. 2003. PAUP Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (and Other Methods), Version 4. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts.
61. Morphological variation and phylogenetic analysis of the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium aureolum from a tributary of Chesapeake Bay. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 55:91-99
62. Thompson, J. D., Higgins, D. G. & Gibson, T. J. 1994. CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Res. 22:4673-4680
63. Thomsen, H. A. 1992. Plankton i de indre danske farvande. Havsf-orskning fra Miljøstyrelsen. Nr. 11. Scantryk, Copenhagen, Denmark, 331 pp.
64. Wasmund, N., Nausch, G. & Matthäus, W. 1998. Phytoplankton spring bloom in the southern Baltic Sea - spatio-temporal development and long-term trends. J. Plankton Res. 20:1099-1117
65. Wasmund, N. & Uhlig, S. 2003. Phytoplankton trends in the Baltic Sea. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 60:177-186
66. Wedemayer, G. J., Wilcox, L. W. & Graham, L. E. 1982. Amphidi-nium cryophilum sp. nov. (Dinophyceae) a new freshwater dinoflagellate. I. Species description using light and scanning electron microscopy. J. Phycol. 18:13-17
67. Wilcox, L. W. & Wedemayer, G. J. 1984. Gymnodinium acidotum Nygaard (Pyrrophyta), a dinoflagellate with an endosymbiotic cryptomonad. J. Phycol. 20:236-242
68. Wilcox, L. W., Wedemayer, G. J. & Graham, L. E. 1982. Amphidi-nium cryophilum sp. nov. (Dinophyceae) a new freshwater dinoflagellate. II. Ultrastructure. J. Phycol. 18:18-30.