Does tuberculosis increase HIV load?

Journal of Infectious Diseases

Volumn 190, Issue 9, 2004, Pages 1677-1684

  Day, John H ^a,b   Grant, Alison D ^a   Fielding, Katherine L ^a   Morris, Lynn ^c   Moloi, Victoria ^b   Charalambous, Salome ^b   Puren, Adrian J ^c   Chaisson, Richard E ^d   De Cock, Kevin M ^a   Hayes, Richard J ^a   Churchyard, Gavin J ^a,b  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

^b AURUM INSTITUTE   (South Africa)

^c NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR COMMUNICABLE DISEASES   (South Africa)

^d JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CELL COUNT; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE COURSE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; SOUTH AFRICA; STATISTICAL MODEL; SUPERINFECTION; TUBERCULOSIS; VIRUS LOAD; VIRUS TRANSMISSION;

ADULT; AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; DISEASE PROGRESSION; HIV; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; MIDDLE AGED; PNEUMONIA, BACTERIAL; SOUTH AMERICA; TUBERCULOSIS; VIRAL LOAD; VIREMIA;

EID: 6944225365     PISSN: 00221899     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/424851     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. World Health Organization [WHO]. Global tuberculosis control [WHO/CDS/TB/2001.287.2001]. Geneva: WHO, 2001.
2. World Health Organization [WHO]. Fact sheet 104: tuberculosis. Geneva: WHO, 2002. Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/who104/en/ index.html. Accessed 12 December 2002.
3. Rieder HL, Cauthen CM, Comstock GW, Snider DE Jr. Epidemiology of tuberculosis in the United States. Epidemiol Rev 1989; 11:79-98.
4. Di Perri G, Cruciani M, Danzi MC, et al. Nosocomial epidemic of active tuberculosis among HIV-infected patients. Lancet 1989; 2:1502-4.
5. Daley CL, Small PM, Schecter GF, et al. An outbreak of tuberculosis with accelerated progression among persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: an analysis using restriction-fragment-length polymorphism. N Engl J Med 1992; 326:231-5.
6. Selwyn PA, Hartel D, Lewis VA, et al. A prospective study of the risk of tuberculosis among intravenous drug users with human immunodeficiency virus infection. N Engl J Med 1989; 320:545-50.
7. Braun MM, Badi N, Ryder RW, et al. A prospective cohort study of the risk of tuberculosis among women of childbearing age with HIV infection in Zaire. Am Rev Respir Dis 1991; 143:501-4.
8. Murray JF. Cursed duet: HIV infection and tuberculosis. Respiration 1990; 57:210-20.
9. Ackah AA, Coulibaly D, Digbeu H, et al. Response to treatment, mortality, and CD4 lymphocyte counts in HIV-infected persons with tuberculosis in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. Lancet 1995; 345:607-10.
10. Zhang Y, Nakata K, Weiden M, Rom W. Mycobacterium tuberculosis enhances HIV-1 replication by transcriptional activation at the long terminal repeat. J Clin Investig 1995; 95:2324-31.
11. Shattock RJ, Friedland JS, Griffin GE. Phagocytosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis modulates human immunodeficiency virus replication in human monocytic cells. J Gen Virol 1994; 75:849-56.
12. Lederman MM, Georges DL, Kusner DJ, Mudido P, Giam C-Z, Toossi Z. Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its purified protein derivative activate expression of human immunodeficiency virus. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1994; 7:727-33.
13. Goletti D, Weissman D, Jackson RW, et al. Effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on HIV replication. J Immunol 1996; 157:1271-8.
14. Del Amo J, Malin AS, Pozniak A, De Cock KM. Does tuberculosis accelerate the progression of HIV disease? Evidence from basic science and epidemiology. AIDS 1999; 13:1151-8.
15. Corbett EL, De Cock KM. The clinical significance of interactions between HIV and tuberculosis: more questions than answers. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2001; 5:205-7.
16. Toossi Z, Mayanja-Kizza H, Hirsch CS, et al. Impact of tuberculosis (TB) on HIV-1 activity in dually infected patients. Clin Exp Immunol 2001; 123:233-8.
17. Morris L, Martin DJ, Bredell H, et al. HIV-1 RNA levels and CD4 lymphocyte counts during treatment for active tuberculosis in South African patients. J Infect Dis 2003; 187:1967-71.
18. Lawn SD, Shattock RJ, Acheampong JW, et al. Sustained plasma TNF-α and HIV-1 load despite resolution of other parameters of immune activation during treatment of tuberculosis in Africans. AIDS 1999; 13:2231-7.
19. + T-cell count and high HIV viral load precede the development of tuberculosis disease in a cohort of HIV-positive Ethiopians. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2003; 7:110-6.
20. Perneger TV, Sudre P, Lundgren JD, Hirschel B. Does the onset of tuberculosis in AIDS predict shorter survival? Results of a cohort study in 17 European countries over 13 years. AIDS in Europe Study Group. BMJ 1995; 311:1468-71.
21. Whalen CC, Nsubuga P, Okwera A, et al. Impact of pulmonary tuberculosis on survival of HIV-infected adults: a prospective epidemiologic study in Uganda. AIDS 2000; 14:1219-28.
22. Badri M, Ehrlich R, Wood R, Pulerwitz T, Maartens G. Association between tuberculosis and HIV disease progression in a high tuberculosis prevalence area. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2001; 5:225-32.
23. Teira R, Virosta M, Munoz J, Zubero Z, Cisterna R, Sanatamaria JM. Historical cohort study on bacterial pneumonias as predictors of the progression of the human immunodeficiency virus disease. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 1997; 15:418-21.
24. Chaisson RE, Gallant JE, Keruly JC, Moore RD. Impact of opportunistic disease on survival in patients with HIV infection. AIDS 1998; 12:29-33.
25. Osmond DH, Chin DP, Glassroth J, et al. Impact of bacterial pneumonia and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia on human immunodeficiency virus disease progression. Clin Infect Dis 1999; 29:536-43.
26. Del Amo J, Perez-Hoyos S, Hernandez Aguado I, et al. Impact of tuberculosis on HIV disease progression in persons with well-documented time of HIV seroconversion. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2003; 33:184-90.
27. Crampin AC, Floyd S, Glynn JR, et al. Long-term follow-up of HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals in rural Malawi. AIDS 2002; 16:1545-50.
28. Morgan D, Mahe C, Mayanja B, Okongo JM, Lubega R, Whitworth J. HIV-1 infection in rural Africa: is there a difference in median time to AIDS and survival compared with that in industrialized countries? AIDS 2002; 16:597-603.
29. de Pinho AM, Santoro-Lopes G, Harrison LH, Schecter M. Chemoprophylaxis for tuberculosis and survival of HIV-infected patients in Brazil. AIDS 2001; 15:2129-35.
30. Wilkinson D. Drugs for preventing tuberculosis in HIV-infected persons. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002:CD000171.
31. World Health Organization. Interim proposal for a WHO staging system for HIV infection and disease. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1990; 65:221-4.
32. Whalen C, Horsburgh CR, Hom D, Lahart C, Simberkoff M, Ellner JJ. Acclerated course of human immunodeficiency virus infection after tuberculosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 151:129-35.
33. Munsiff SS, Alpert PL, Gourevitch MN, Chang CJ, Klein RS. A prospective study of tuberculosis and HIV disease progression. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 1998; 19:361-6.
34. Kaplan JE, Hanson DL, Jones JL, Dworkin MS. Viral load as an independent risk factor for opportunistic infections in HIV-infected adults and adolescents. Adult and Adolescent Spectrum of HIV Disease Project Investigators. AIDS 2001; 15:1831-6.
35. Swindells S, Evans S, Zackin R, et al. Predictive value of HIV-1 viral load on risk for opportunistic infection. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2002; 30:154-8.
36. + cell count. JAMA 1998; 279:35-40.
37. Lyles RH, Chu C, Mellors JW, et al. Prognostic value of plasma HIV RNA in the natural history of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, cytomegalovirus and Mycobacterium avium complex. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. AIDS 1999; 13:341-9.
38. Bush CE, Donovan RM, Markowitz NP, Kvale P, Saravolatz LD. A study of RNA viral load in AIDS patients with bacterial pneumonia. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 1996; 13:23-6.
39. Donovan RM, Bush CE, Markowitz NP, Baxa DM, Saravolatz LD. Changes in virus load markers during AIDS-associated opportunistic diseases in human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons. J Infect Dis 1996; 174:401-3.
40. Sulkowski MS, Chaisson RE, Karp CL, Moore RD, Margolick JB, Quinn TC. The effect of acute infectious illnesses on plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 load and the expression of serologic markers of immune activation among HIV-infected adults. J Infect Dis 1998; 178:1642-8.
41. Mellors JW, Rinaldo CR, Gupta P, White RM, Todd JA, Kingsley LA. Prognosis in HIV-1 infection predicted by the quantity of virus in plasma. Science 1996; 272:1167-70.
42. + lymphocytes as prognostic markers of HIV-1 infection. Ann Intern Med 1997; 126:946-54.
43. Fahey JL, Taylor JM, Manna B, et al. Prognostic significance of plasma markers of immune activation, HIV viral load and CD4 T-cell measurements. AIDS 1998; 12:1581-90.
44. Hubert JB, Burgard M, Dussaix E, et al. Natural history of serum HIV-1 RNA levels in 330 patients with a known date of infection. AIDS 2000; 14:123-31.
45. Quinn TC, Wawer MJ, Sewankambo N. Viral load and heterosexual transmission of HIV type 1. N Engl J Med 2000; 342:921-9.
46. Schwander S, Rüsch-Gerdes S, Mateega A, et al. A pilot study of antituberculosis combinations comparing rifabutin with rifampicin in the treatment of HIV-1 associated tuberculosis. Tuber Lung Dis 1995; 76:210-8.
47. Grant AD, Djomand G, Smets P, et al. Profound immunosuppression across the spectrum of opportunistic disease among hospitalised HIV-infected adults in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. AIDS 1997; 11:1357-64.
48. Pozniak A, Neill P, Ndmere B, et al. Is tuberculosis a co-factor in HIV immunosuppression? (abstract PoA 2121). In: Abstracts of the VII International Conference on AIDS/III STD World Congress (Amsterdam). Stockholm, Sweden: International AIDS Society, 1992.
49. Wood R, Maartens G, Lombard CJ. Risk factors for developing tuberculosis in HIV-1-infected adults from communities with a low or very high incidence of tuberculosis. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2000; 23:75-80.
50. Corbett EL, Churchyard GJ, Clayton T, et al. Risk factors for pulmonary mycobacterial disease in South African gold miners. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 159:94-9.
51. + lymphocytes as prognostic markers of HIV-1 infection. Ann Intern Med 1997; 126:983-5.