Prognostic significance of plasma markers of immune activation, HIV viral load and CD4 T-cell measurements

AIDS

Volumn 12, Issue 13, 1998, Pages 1581-1590

  Fahey, John L ^a   Taylor, Jeremy M G ^a,b   Manna, Byomkesh ^a,b   Nishanian, Parunag ^a   Aziz, Najib ^a   Giorgi, Janis V ^a   Detels, Roger ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

CD4 T cells; Cytokines; Immune activation; Neopterin; Plasma HIV load; Prognosis; Soluble interleukin 2 receptor ; Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor II

Indexed keywords

CD4 ANTIGEN; INTERLEUKIN 2 RECEPTOR; NEOPTERIN; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR;

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE COURSE; FLOW CYTOMETRY; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; IMMUNOSTIMULATION; LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; T LYMPHOCYTE; VIRUS LOAD;

ANTIGENS, CD; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; COHORT STUDIES; DISEASE PROGRESSION; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV-1; HOMOSEXUALITY, MALE; HUMANS; MALE; NEOPTERIN; PROGNOSIS; RECEPTORS, INTERLEUKIN-2; RECEPTORS, TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; RECEPTORS, TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR, TYPE II; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; VIRAL LOAD;

EID: 0032504919     PISSN: 02699370     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00002030-199813000-00004     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Fahey JL, Taylor JMG, Detels R, et al.: The prognosis value of cellular and serologic markers in infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. N Engl J Med 1990, 322:166-172.
2. Fuchs D, Jager H, Popescu M, et al.: Immune activation markers to predict AIDS and survival in HIV-1 seropositives. Immunol Lett 1990, 26:75-80.
3. Osmond DH, Shiboski S, Bacchetti P, Winger EE, Moss AR: Immune activation markers and AIDS prognosis. AIDS 1991, 5:505-511.
4. Fuchs D, Hausen A, Reibnegger G, Werner ER, Dierich MP, Wachter H: Neopterin as a marker for activated cell-mediated immunity: application in HIV infection. Immunol Today 1988, 9:150-155.
5. Melmed RN, Taylor JMG, Detels R, Bozorgmehri M, Fahey JL: Serum neopterin changes in HIV-1 infected subjects: indicator of significant pathology, CD4 T cell changes, and the development of AIDS. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1989, 2:70-76.
6. Huber C, Batchelor JR, Fuchs D, et al.: Immune response associated production of neopterin: release from macrophages primarily under control of interferon-gamma. J Exp Med 1984, 160:310-316.
7. 2-microglobulin level increases in HIV-1 infection: relation to seroconversion, CD4 T cell fall and prognosis. AIDS 1989, 4:207-213.
8. 2-microglobulin and soluble IL-2 receptor when stimulated with IL-2, interferon-gamma or tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Clin Exp Immunol 1992, 88:548-554.
9. Tsoukas CM, Bernard NF: Markers predicting progression of human immunodeficiency virus-related disease. Clin Microbiol Rev 1994, 7:14-28.
10. Godfried MH, van der Poll T, Weverling GJ, et al.: Soluble receptors for tumor necrosis factor as predictors of progression to AIDS in asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. J Infect Dis 1994, 169:739-745.
11. Aukrust P, Liabakk NB, Müller F, Lien E, Espevik T, Froland SS: Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and soluble TNF receptors in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. Correlations to clinical immunologic and virologic parameters. J Infect Dis 1994, 169:420-424.
12. Zangerle R, Gallati H, Sarcletti M, et al.: Increased serum concentrations of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors in HIV infected individuals are associated with immune activation. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1994, 7:79-85.
13. 2-microglobulin. J Infect Dis 1997, 176:1161-1167.
14. Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Fahey JL, et al.: Serum increases and lymphoid cell surface losses of IL-2 receptor CD25 in HIV-1 infection: distinctive parameters of HIV-1 induced changes. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1991, 61:212-224.
15. Prince HE, Kleinman S, Williams AE: Soluble IL-2 receptor levels in blood donors seropositive for HIV. J Immunol 1988, 140:1139-1141.
16. Honda M, Kitamura K, Matsuda K, et al.: Soluble IL-2 receptors in AIDS. Correlation of its serum level with classification of HIV-1 induced diseases and its characterization. J Immunol 1989, 142:4248-4255.
17. Plaeger S, Bass HZ, Nishanian P, et al.: The prognostic significance of HIV infection of immune activation represented by cell surface antigen and plasma activation marker changes. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1998 (in press).
18. Rubin LA, Kurman CC, Fitz ME, Boutin B: Soluble interleukin-2 receptors are released from activated human lymphoid cells in vitro. J Immunol 1985, 135:3172-3177.
19. Bass HZ, Nishanian P, Hardy WD, et al.: Immune changes in HIV-infection: significant correlations and differences in serum markers and lymphoid phenotypic antigens. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1992, 64:63-70.
20. Giorgi JV, Liu Z, Hultin LE, Cumberland WG, Hennessey K, Detels R: Elevated levels of CD38+CD8+ T cells in HIV infection add to the prognostic value of low CD4+ T cell levels: results of 6 years of follow-up. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1993, 6:904-912.
21. Liu Z, Hultin LE, Cumberland WG, et al.: Elevated relative fluorescence intensity of CD38 antigen expression on CD8+ T cells is a marker of poor prognosis in HIV infection: results of 6 years of follow-up. Cytometry 1996, 26:1-7.
22. Liu Z, Cumberland WG, Hultin LE, Prince HE, Detels R, Giorgi JV: Elevated CD38 antigen expression on CD8+ T cells is a stronger marker for the risk of chronic HIV disease progression to AIDS and death in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study than CD4+ cell count, soluble immune activation markers, or combinations of HLA-DR and CD38 expression. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1997, 16:83-92.
23. Mitsuyasu RT: Clinical aspects of HIV infection. In AIDS/HIV Reference Guide for Medical Professionals, 4th Edn. Edited by Fahey JL, Shin-Flemmig D. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1997:120-124.
24. Center for Disease Control: Recommendations for prophylaxis against pneumocystis carinii pneumonia for adults and adolescents infected with HIV. MMWR 1992, 41:1-12.
25. de Wolf F, Goudsmit J, Paul DA, et al.: Risk of AIDS related complex and AIDS in homosexual men with persistent HIV antigenaemia. BMJ 1987, 295:569-572.
26. Allain JP, Laurian Y, Paul DA, et al.: Long-term evaluation of HIV antigen and antibodies to p24 and gp41 in patients with hemophilia: potential clinical importance. N Engl J Med 1987, 317:1114-1121.
27. Nishanian P, Huskins R, Stehn S, Detels R, Fahey JL: A simple method for improved assay demonstrates that HIV p24 antigen is present as immune complexes in most sera from HIV-infected individuals. J Infect Dis 1990, 162:21-28.
28. Mellors JW, Rinaldo CR, Gupta P, et al.: Prognosis in HIV infection predicted by the quantity of virus in plasma. Science 1996, 272:1167-1171.
29. Mellors JW, Muñoz A, Giorgi JV, et al.: Plasma viral load and CD4+ lymphocytes as prognostic markers of HIV-1 infection. Ann Intern Med 1997, 126:946-954.
30. Saksela K, Stevens C, Rubinstein P, Baltimore D: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mRNA expression in peripheral blood cells predicts disease progression independently of the number of CD4+ lymphocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994, 91:1104-1108.
31. Poli G, Fauci AS: Role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus infection. In Human Cytokines: Their Role in Disease and Therapy. Edited by Aggarwal BB, Puri RK. Cambridge (MA): Blackwell Scientific; 1995:421-449.
32. Fauci AS: Multifactorial nature of human immunodeficiency virus disease: implications for therapy. Science 1993, 262:1011-1018.
33. Matsuyama T, Kobayashi N, Yamamoto N: Editorial review. Cytokines and HIV infection: is AIDS a tumor necrosis factor disease? AIDS 1991, 5:1405-1417.
34. Poli G, Kinter A, Justement JS, Kehri JH, Bressler P, Stanley S, Fauci AS: Tumor necrosis factor alpha functions in an autocrine manner in the induction of human immunodeficiency virus expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990, 87:782-785.
35. Salazar-Gonzalez JF, Martinez-Maza O, Aziz N, et al.: Relationship of plasma HIV-RNA levels and levels of TNF-α and immune activation products in HIV infection. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1997, 84:36-45.
36. Cohen OJ, Kinter A, Fauci AS: Host factors in the pathogenesis of HIV disease. Immunol Rev 1997, 159:31-48.
37. Kaslow RA, Ostow DG, Detels R, Phair JP, Polk BF, Rinaldo CR: The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study: rationale, organization and selected characteristics of the participants. Am J Epidemiol 1987, 126:310-318.
38. Schenker EL, Hultin LE, Bauer KD, Ferbas J, Margolick JB, Giorgi JV: Evaluation of a dual-color flow cytometry immunophenotyping panel in a multicenter quality assurance program. Cytometry 1993, 14:307-317.
39. Todd J, Pachl C, White R, et al.: Performance characteristics for the quantitation of plasma HIV-1 RNA using branched DNA signal amplification technology. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1995, 10:535-544.
40. Urdea MS, Wilber JC, Yeghiazarian T, et al.: Direct and quantitative detection of HIV-1 RNA in human plasma with a branched DNA signal amplification assay. AIDS 1993, 7:511-514.
41. Pachl C, Todd JA, Kern DG, et al.: Rapid and precise quantitation of HIV-1 RNA in plasma using a branched DNA (bDNA) signal amplification assay. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1995, 8:446-454.
42. Shi M, Taylor JMG, Muñoz A: Models for residual time to AIDS. Lifetime Data Anal 1996, 2:31-49.
43. Shi M, Taylor JMG, Currier RJ, et al.: Replacing time since human immunodeficiency virus infection by marker values in predicting residual time to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome diagnosis. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1996, 12:309-316.
44. Sheppard HW, Ascher MS, McRae B, Anderson RE, Lang W, Allain JP: The initial immune response to HIV and immune system activation determine the outcome of HIV disease. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1991, 4:704-712.
45. Spijkerman IJB, Prins M, Goudsmit J, et al.: Early and late HIV-1 RNA level and its association with other markers and disease progression in long-term AIDS-free homosexual men. AIDS 1997, 11:1383-1388.
46. de Wolf F, Spijkerman I, Schellekens PT, et al.: AIDS prognosis based on HIV-1 RNA, CD4+ T cell count and function: markers with reciprocal predictive value over time after seroconversion. AIDS 1997, 11:1799-1806.
47. Bass HZ, Fahey JL, Nishanian P, et al.: Relation of impaired lymphocyte proliferative function to other major human immunodeficiency virus type 1-induced immunological changes. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 1997, 4:64-69.
48. Niederwieser A, Joller P, Seger R, et al.: Neopterin in AIDS, other immunodeficiencies and bacterial and viral infections. Klin Wochenschr 1986, 64:333-337.
49. Hosp M, Elliott AM, Raynes JG, et al.: Neopterin, beta-2 microglobulin and acute phase proteins in HIV-1 seropositive and seronegative Zambian patients with tuberculosis. Lung 1997, 175:265-275.
50. Vanham G, Edmonds K, Qing I, et al.: Generalized immune activation in pulmonary tuberculosis: co-activation with HIV infection. Clin Exp Immunol 1996, 103:30-34.
51. Kameoka M, Takahara S, Takano Y, et al.: Serum and urinary neopterin as markers in renal transplant patients. Int Urol Nephrol 1994, 26:107-115.
52. Hahn G, Stuhlmuller B, Hain N, Kalden JR, Pfizenmaier K, Burmester GR: Modulation of monocyte activation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis by leukapheresis therapy. J Clin Invest 1993, 91:862-870.
53. Giovannoni G, Lai M, Kidd D, et al.: Daily urinary neopterin excretion as an immunological marker of disease activity in multiple sclerosis. Brain 1997, 120:1-13.