Friend or Foe: Subjective Expected Relative Similarity as a Determinant of Cooperation

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

Volumn 138, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 341-350

  Fischer, Ilan ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HAIFA   (Israel)

Author keywords

conflict; cooperation; group selection; kin selection; prisoner's dilemma

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ASSOCIATION; COMPETITIVE BEHAVIOR; COOPERATION; CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY; DECISION MAKING; DECISION TREE; FRIEND; GAME; HUMAN; HUMAN RELATION; MOTIVATION; PERCEPTION; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; PSYCHOLOGICAL MODEL;

COMPETITIVE BEHAVIOR; COOPERATIVE BEHAVIOR; CUES; CULTURE; DECISION MAKING; DECISION TREES; FRIENDS; GAME THEORY; HUMANS; INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS; MODELS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; MOTIVATION; SOCIAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 69049119141     PISSN: 00963445     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0016073     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Axelrod R. Effective choice in the prisoner's dilemma. Journal of Conflict Resolution 24 (1980) 3-25
2. Axelrod R. More effective choice in the prisoner's dilemma. Journal of Conflict Resolution 24 (1980) 379-403
3. Axelrod R. The emergence of cooperation among egoists. The American Political Science Review 75 (1981) 306-318
4. Axelrod R. The success of TIT FOR TAT in computer tournaments. The evolution of cooperation (1984), Basic Books, New York 27-54
5. Axelrod R., and Hamilton W.D. The evolution of cooperation. Science 211 (1981, March 27) 1390-1396
6. Bornstein G. Cooperation in intergroup and single-group social dilemmas. In: Suleiman R., Budescu D.V., Fischer I., and Messick D. (Eds). Contemporary psychological research on social dilemmas (2004), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom 227-247
7. Brams S. Game theory and politics (1975), Free Press, New York
8. Byrne D. The attraction paradigm (1971), Academic Press, New York
9. Camerer C.F., Ho H., and Chong J. A cognitive hierarchy model of games. Quarterly Journal of Economics 119 3 (2004) 861-898
10. Campbell R. Background for the uninitiated. In: Campbell R., and Sowden L. (Eds). Paradoxes of rationality and cooperation: Prisoner's dilemma and Newcomb's problem (1985), University of British Columbia Press, Vancouver 3-41
11. Chartrand T.L., and Bargh J.A. The chameleon effect: The perception-behavior link and social interaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 76 (1999) 893-910
12. Chater N., Vlaev I., and Grinberg M. A new consequence of Simpson's paradox: Stable cooperation in one-shot prisoner's dilemma from populations of individualistic learners. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 137 (2008) 403-421
13. Danielson P. Artificial morality: Virtuous robots for virtual games (1992), Routledge, New York
14. Davis L.H. Prisoners, paradox, and rationality. In: Campbell R., and Sowden L. (Eds). Paradoxes of rationality and cooperation: Prisoner's dilemma and Newcomb's problem (1985), University of British Columbia Press, Vancouver 43-49
15. Dawes R.M. Social dilemmas. Annual Review of Psychology 31 (1980) 169-193
16. Dixit A.K., and Nalebuff B.J. Thinking strategically (1992), Norton, New York
17. Dunning D., Johnson K., Ehrlinger J., and Kruger J. Why people fail to recognize their own incompetence. Current Directions in Psychological Science 12 3 (2003) 83-87
18. Erev I., and Roth A.E. Predicting how people play games: Reinforcement learning in experimental games with unique, mixed strategy equilibria. American Economic Review 88 (1998) 848-881
19. Erev I., and Roth A.E. Simple reinforcement learning models and reciprocation in the prisoner's dilemma game. In: Gigerenzer G., and Selten R. (Eds). Bounded rationality: The adaptive toolbox (2002), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA 215-231
20. Fehr E., and Fischbacher U. The nature of human altruism. Nature 425 (2003, October 23) 785-791
21. Fehr E., and Gaechter S. Altruistic punishment in humans. Nature 415 (2002, January 10) 137-140
22. Fischer I. The emergence of reactive strategies in simulated heterogeneous populations. Theory and Decision 55 4 (2003) 289-314
23. Fischer I. Evolutionary development and learning: Two facets of strategy generation. Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulations 6 1 (2003). http://jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk/6/1/7.html Available from http://jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk/6/1/7.html
24. Fischer I., and Suleiman R. Mutual cooperation in a simulated inter-group conflict. Journal of Conflict Resolution 41 4 (1997) 483-508
25. Flood M., and Dresher M. Some experimental games. Research memorandum RM-789 (1952), Rand, Santa Monica, CA
26. Frank R.H., Gilovich T., and Regan D.T. The evolution of one-shot cooperation: An experiment. Ethology and Sociobiology 14 (1993) 247-256
27. Gaertner L., and Insko C.A. Intergroup discrimination in the minimal group paradigm: Categorization, reciprocation, or fear?. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 79 (2000) 77-94
28. Gauthier D. Maximization constrained: The rationality of cooperation. In: Campbell R., and Sowden L. (Eds). Paradoxes of rationality and cooperation: Prisoner's dilemma and Newcomb's problem (1985), University of British Columbia Press, Vancouver 75-93
29. Gintis H., Bowles S., Boyd R., and Fehr E. Explaining altruistic behavior in humans. Evolution and Human Behavior 24 (2003) 153-172
30. Hardin G. The tragedy of the commons. Science 162 (1968, December 13) 1243-1248
31. Hofstadter D.R. Metamagical themas: Questing for the essence of mind and pattern (1985), Basic Books, New York
32. Howard J.V. Cooperation in the prisoner's dilemma. Theory and Decision 24 (1988) 203-213
33. Huygens C. Du calcul dans les jeux de hasard [Of the calculus in games of chance]. Oeuvres complètes 14 (1998), Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, The Netherlands (Original work Ratiociniis in Aleae Ludo, published 1657)
34. Kahneman D., and Tversky A. Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica 47 (1979) 263-291
35. Lakin J.L., and Chartrand T.L. Using nonconscious behavioral mimicry to create affiliation and rapport. Psychological Science 14 (2003) 334-339
36. Langer E.J., and Roth J. Heads I win, tails it's chance: The illusion of control as a function of the sequence of outcomes in a purely chance task. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 32 (1975) 951-955
37. Laplace M. Essay on probabilities (1953), Dover, Mineola, NY (Original work published 1783)
38. Lewis D. Prisoners' dilemma is a Newcomb problem. Philosophy and Public Affairs 8 3 (1979) 235-240
39. Luce D.R., and Raiffa H. Games and decisions (1957), Wiley, New York
40. Macy M.W. Learning theory and the logic of critical mass. American Sociological Review 55 (1990) 909-926
41. Macy M.W. Chains of cooperation: Threshold effects in collective action. American Sociological Review 56 (1991) 730-747
42. Macy M.W. Learning to cooperate: Stochastic and tacit collusion in social exchange. American Journal of Sociology 97 3 (1991) 808-843
43. McCabe K.A., Rassenti S.J., and Smith V.L. Game theory and reciprocity in some extensive form experimental games. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 93 13 (1996) 421-428
44. Nowak A.M. Five rules for the evolution of cooperation. Science 314 8 (2006, December 8) 1560-1563
45. Payne R.B. Avian brook parasitism. In: Clayton D.H., and Moore J. (Eds). Host-parasite evolution (1997), Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom 338-369
46. Quattrone G.A., and Tversky A. Causal versus diagnostic contingencies: On self-deception and on the voter's illusion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 46 (1984) 237-248
47. Rapoport A. Fights, games, and debates (1960), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
48. Rapoport A., and Chammah M. Prisoner's dilemma: A study in conflict and cooperation (1965), Ann Arbor Press, Ann Arbor, MI
49. Rapoport A., and Guyer M. A taxonomy of 2 × 2 games. General Systems 11 (1966) 203-214
50. Riolo R.L., Cohen M.D., and Axelrod R. Evolution of cooperation without reciprocity. Nature 414 (2001, November 22) 441-443
51. Roberts G., and Sheratt T.N. Does similarity breed cooperation?. Nature 418 (2001, August 1) 499-500
52. Sally D. Conversation and cooperation in social dilemmas: A meta-analysis of experiments from 1958 to 1992. Rationality and Society 7 1 (1995) 58-92
53. Schelling T.C. The strategy of conflict (1963), Oxford University Press, New York
54. Schuessler R. Threshold effects and the decline of cooperation. Journal of Conflict Resolution 34 3 (1990) 476-494
55. Sen A. Choice, orderings and morality. In: Korner S. (Ed). Practical reason (1974), Yale University Press, New Haven, CT 54-67
56. Shafir E., and Tversky A. Thinking through uncertainty: Nonconsequential reasoning and choice. Cognitive Psychology 24 (1992) 449-474
57. Shubik M. Game theory, behavior, and the paradox of the prisoner's dilemma: Three solutions. Journal of Conflict Resolution 14 (1970) 181-193
58. Stahl D.O., and Wilson P.W. On players' models of other players: Theory and experimental evidence. Games and Economic Behavior 10 (1995) 218-254
59. Tajfel H. Experiments in intergroup discrimination. Scientific American 223 (1970) 96-102
60. Tajfel H. Social identity and intergroup behavior. Social Science Information 13 (1974) 65-93
61. Tajfel H., and Turner J.C. An integrative theory of intergroup conflict. In: Austin W.G., and Worchel S. (Eds). The social psychology of intergroup relations (1979), Brooks/Cole, Monterey, CA 33-47
62. Tversky A. Features of similarity. Psychological Review 84 (1977) 327-352
63. Van Baaren R.B., Holland R.W., Steenaerts B., and Van Knippenberg A. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 39 (2003) 393-398
64. Von Neuman J., and Morgenstern O. Theory of games and economic behavior (1947), Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ
65. Wagenaar W.A., and Keren G.B. Chance and luck are not the same. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making 1 (1988) 65-75
66. Wickler W. Mimicry in plants and animals (1968), World University Library, London
67. Young B. Analytic research on the base relationship. In: Byrne D. (Ed). The attraction paradigm (1971), Academic Press, New York 59-93