Homocysteine as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in Patients Treated by Dialysis: A Meta-analysis

American Journal of Kidney Diseases

Volumn 54, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 478-489

  Heinz, Judith ^a   Kropf, Siegfried ^a   Luley, Claus ^a   Dierkes, Jutta ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL MAGDEBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Cardiovascular diseases; dialysis; homocysteine; mortality; risk factors

Indexed keywords

CYANOCOBALAMIN; FOLIC ACID; HOMOCYSTEINE; PYRIDOXINE;

ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL TRIAL; HEMODIALYSIS; HUMAN; KIDNEY FAILURE; META ANALYSIS; MORTALITY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PERITONEAL DIALYSIS; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTATION;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; FOLIC ACID; HOMOCYSTEINE; HUMANS; KIDNEY FAILURE, CHRONIC; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RENAL DIALYSIS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; VITAMIN B 12;

EID: 68849101346     PISSN: 02726386     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2009.01.266     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Byrne C., Vernon P., and Cohen J.J. Effect of age and diagnosis on survival of older patients beginning chronic dialysis. JAMA 271 (1994) 34-36
2. Zager P.G., Nikolic J., Brown R.H., et al. "U" Curve association of blood pressure and mortality in hemodialysis patients. Medical Directors of Dialysis Clinic, Inc. Kidney Int 54 (1998) 561-569
3. Fleischmann E.H., Bower J.D., and Salahudeen A.K. Are conventional cardiovascular risk factors predictive of two-year mortality in hemodialysis patients?. Clin Nephrol 56 (2001) 221-230
4. McCully K.S. Homocysteine and vascular disease. Nat Med 2 (1996) 386-389
5. Refsum H., Nurk E., Smith A.D., et al. The Hordaland Homocysteine Study: A community-based study of homocysteine, its determinants, and associations with disease. J Nutr 136 suppl 6 (2006) S1731-S1740
6. Ganji V., and Kafai M.R. Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Demographic, health, lifestyle, and blood vitamin determinants of serum total homocysteine concentrations in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Am J Clin Nutr 77 (2003) 826-833
7. Robinson K. Renal disease, homocysteine, and cardiovascular complications. Circulation 109 (2004) 294-295
8. Yap S., Boers G.H., Wilcken B., et al. Vascular outcome in patients with homocystinuria due to cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency treated chronically: A multicenter observational study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 21 (2001) 2080-2085
9. Boushey C.J., Beresford S.A., Omenn G.S., and Motulsky A.G. A quantitative assessment of plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease. Probable benefits of increasing folic acid intakes. JAMA 274 (1995) 1049-1057
10. Wald D.S., Law M., and Morris J.K. Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease: Evidence on causality from a meta-analysis. BMJ 325 (2002) 1202-1206
11. Homocysteine Studies Collaboration. Homocysteine and risk of ischemic heart disease and stroke: A meta-analysis. JAMA 288 (2002) 2015-2022
12. Homocysteine Lowering Trialists' Collaboration. Dose-dependent effects of folic acid on blood concentrations of homocysteine: A meta-analysis of the randomized trials. Am J Clin Nutr 82 (2005) 806-812
13. Toole J.F., Malinow M.R., Chambless L.E., et al. Lowering homocysteine in patients with ischemic stroke to prevent recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, and death: The Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) randomized controlled trial. JAMA 291 (2004) 565-575
14. Bønaa K.H., Njølstad I., Ueland P.M., et al. Homocysteine lowering and cardiovascular events after acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 354 (2006) 1578-1588
15. Lonn E., Yusuf S., Arnold M.J., et al. Homocysteine lowering with folic acid and B vitamins in vascular disease. N Engl J Med 354 (2006) 1567-1577
16. Suliman M.E., Lindholm B., Bárány P., Qureshi A.R., and Stenvinkel P. Homocysteine-lowering is not a primary target for cardiovascular disease prevention in chronic kidney disease patients. Semin Dial 20 (2007) 523-529
17. Stroup D.F., Berlin J.A., Morton S.C., et al. Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: A proposal for reporting. Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) group. JAMA 283 (2000) 2008-2012
18. Moher D., Cook D.J., Eastwood S., Olkin I., Rennie D., and Stroup D.F. Improving the quality of reports of meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials: The QUOROM statement. Quality of Reporting of Meta-analyses. Lancet 354 (1999) 1896-1900
19. Sutton A.J., Abrams K.R., Jones D.R., Sheldon T.A., and Song F. Systematic reviews of trials and other studies. Health Technol Assess 2 (1998) 1-276
20. DerSimonian R., and Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Control Clin Trials 7 (1986) 177-188
21. Brockwell S.E., and Gordon I.R. A comparison of statistical methods for meta-analysis. Stat Med 20 (2001) 825-840
22. Egger M., Davey Smith G., Schneider M., and Minder C. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ 315 (1997) 629-634
23. Higgins J.P., Thompson S.G., Deeks J.J., and Altman D.G. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ 327 (2003) 557-560
24. Olkin I. Re: "A critical look at some popular meta-analytic methods.". Am J Epidemiol 140 (1994) 297-299
25. Song F., Sheldon T.A., Sutton A.J., Abrams K.R., and Jones D.R. Methods for exploring heterogeneity in meta-analysis. Eval Health Prof 24 (2001) 126-151
26. Yusuf S., Wittes J., Probstfield J., and Tyroler H.A. Analysis and interpretation of treatment effects in subgroups of patients in randomized clinical trials. JAMA 266 (1991) 93-98
27. Anan F., Takahashi N., Shimomura T., et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia is a significant risk factor for silent cerebral infarction in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis. Metabolism 55 (2006) 656-661
28. Bachmann J., Tepel M., Raidt H., et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia and the risk for vascular disease in hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 6 (1995) 121-125
29. Bostom A.G., Shemin D., Lapane K.L., et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia and traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors in end-stage renal disease patients on dialysis: A case-control study. Atherosclerosis 114 (1995) 93-103
30. Haraki T., Takegoshi T., Kitoh C., et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia, diabetes mellitus, and carotid atherosclerosis independently increase atherosclerotic vascular disease outcome in Japanese patients with end-stage renal disease. Clin Nephrol 56 (2001) 132-139
31. Kunz K., Petitjean P., Lisri M., et al. Cardiovascular morbidity and endothelial dysfunction in chronic haemodialysis patients: Is homocyst(e)ine the missing link?. Nephrol Dial Transplant 14 (1999) 1934-1942
32. Manns B.J., Burgess E.D., Hyndman M.E., Parsons H.G., Schaefer J.P., and Scott-Douglas N.W. Hyperhomocyst(e)inemia and the prevalence of atherosclerotic vascular disease in patients with end-stage renal disease. Am J Kidney Dis 34 (1999) 669-677
33. Nair A.P., Nemirovsky D., Kim M., et al. Elevated homocysteine levels in patients with end-stage renal disease. Mt Sinai J Med 72 (2005) 365-373
34. Robinson K., Gupta A., Dennis V., et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia confers an independent increased risk of atherosclerosis in end-stage renal disease and is closely linked to plasma folate and pyridoxine concentrations. Circulation 94 (1996) 2743-2748
35. Suliman M.E., Qureshi A.R., Barany P., et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia, nutritional status, and cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 57 (2000) 1727-1735
36. Vychytil A., Fodinger M., Wolfl G., et al. Major determinants of hyperhomocysteinemia in peritoneal dialysis patients. Kidney Int 53 (1998) 1775-1782
37. Wrone E.M., Zehnder J.L., Hornberger J.M., McCann L.M., Coplon N.S., and Fortmann S.P. An MTHFR variant, homocysteine, and cardiovascular comorbidity in renal disease. Kidney Int 60 (2001) 1106-1113
38. Bayes B., Pastor M.C., Bonal J., et al. Homocysteine, C-reactive protein, lipid peroxidation and mortality in haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 18 (2003) 106-112
39. Bostom A.G., Shemin D., Verhoef P., et al. Elevated fasting total plasma homocysteine levels and cardiovascular disease outcomes in maintenance dialysis patients. A prospective study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 17 (1997) 2554-2558
40. Buccianti G., Baragetti I., Bamonti F., Furiani S., Dorighet V., and Patrosso C. Plasma homocysteine levels and cardiovascular mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease. J Nephrol 17 (2004) 405-410
41. Dierkes J., Domröse U., Westphal S., et al. Cardiac troponin T predicts mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease. Circulation 102 (2000) 1964-1969
42. Ducloux D., Bresson-Vautrin C., Kribs M., Abdelfatah A., and Chalopin J.M. C-Reactive protein and cardiovascular disease in peritoneal dialysis patients. Kidney Int 62 (2002) 1417-1422
43. Ducloux D., Klein A., Kazory A., Devillard N., and Chalopin J.M. Impact of malnutrition-inflammation on the association between homocysteine and mortality. Kidney Int 69 (2006) 331-335
44. Kalantar-Zadeh K., Block G., Humphreys M.H., McAllister C.J., and Kopple J.D. A low, rather than a high, total plasma homocysteine is an indicator of poor outcome in hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 15 (2004) 442-453
45. London G.M., Pannier B., Agharazii M., Guerin A.P., Verbeke F.H., and Marchais S.J. Forearm reactive hyperemia and mortality in end-stage renal disease. Kidney Int 65 (2004) 700-704
46. Mallamaci F., Zoccali C., Tripepi G., et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia predicts cardiovascular outcomes in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 61 (2002) 609-614
47. Moustapha A., Naso A., Nahlawi M., et al. Prospective study of hyperhomocysteinemia as an adverse cardiovascular risk factor in end-stage renal disease. Circulation 97 (1998) 138-141
48. Sirrs S., Duncan L., Djurdjev O., et al. Homocyst(e)ine and vascular access complications in haemodialysis patients: Insights into a complex metabolic relationship. Nephrol Dial Transplant 14 (1999) 738-743
49. Jamison R.L., Hartigan P., Kaufman J.S., et al. Effect of homocysteine lowering on mortality and vascular disease in advanced chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 298 (2007) 1163-1170
50. Righetti M., Ferrario G.M., Milani S., et al. Effects of folic acid treatment on homocysteine levels and vascular disease in hemodialysis patients. Med Sci Monit 9 (2003) PI19-PI24
51. Righetti M., Serbelloni P., Milani S., and Ferrario G. Homocysteine-lowering vitamin B treatment decreases cardiovascular events in hemodialysis patients. Blood Purif 24 (2006) 379-386
52. Vianna A.C., Mocelin A.J., Matsuo T., et al. Uremic hyperhomocysteinemia: A randomized trial of folate treatment for the prevention of cardiovascular events. Hemodial Int 11 (2007) 210-216
53. Wrone E.M., Hornberger J.M., Zehnder J.L., McCann L.M., Coplon N.S., and Fortmann S.P. Randomized trial of folic acid for prevention of cardiovascular events in end-stage renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 15 (2004) 420-426
54. 12. Nephrol Dial Transplant 17 (2002) 455-461
55. Dierkes J., Domröse U., Ambrosch A., Bosselmann H.P., Neumann K.H., and Luley C. Response of hyperhomocysteinemia to folic acid supplementation in patients with end-stage renal disease. Clin Nephrol 51 (1999) 108-115
56. Sunder-Plassmann G., Födinger M., Buchmayer H., et al. Effect of high dose folic acid therapy on hyperhomocysteinemia in hemodialysis patients: Results of the Vienna multicenter study. J Am Soc Nephrol 11 (2000) 1106-1116
57. Thambyrajah J., and Townend J.N. Homocysteine and atherothrombosis-Mechanisms for injury. Eur Heart J 21 (2000) 967-974
58. Ingrosso D., Cimmino A., Perna A.F., et al. Folate treatment and unbalanced methylation and changes of allelic expression induced by hyperhomocysteinaemia in patients with uraemia. Lancet 361 (2003) 1693-1699
59. Pfeiffer C.M., Osterloh J.D., Kennedy-Stephenson J., et al. Trends in circulating concentrations of total homocysteine among US adolescents and adults: Findings from the 1991-1994 and 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Clin Chem 54 (2008) 801-813
60. Reis S.E., Olson M.B., Fried L., et al. Mild renal insufficiency is associated with angiographic coronary artery disease in women. Circulation 105 (2002) 2826-2829
61. Henry R.M., Kostense P.J., Bos G., et al. Mild renal insufficiency is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality: The Hoorn Study. Kidney Int 62 (2002) 1402-1407
62. Kielstein J.T., Salpeter S.R., Buckley N.S., Cooke J.P., and Fliser D. Two cardiovascular risk factors in one?. Homocysteine and its relation to glomerular filtration rate. A meta-analysis of 41 studies with 27,000 participants. Kidney Blood Press Res 31 (2008) 259-267
63. Verhoef P., and de Groot L.C. Dietary determinants of plasma homocysteine concentrations. Semin Vasc Med 5 (2005) 110-123
64. Hoey L., McNulty H., Askin N., et al. Effect of a voluntary food fortification policy on folate, related B vitamin status, and homocysteine in healthy adults. Am J Clin Nutr 86 (2007) 1405-1413
65. Bostom A.G., Shemin D., Lapane K.L., et al. Folate status is the major determinant of fasting total plasma homocysteine levels in maintenance dialysis patients. Atherosclerosis 123 (1996) 193-202