Occurrence, fate and analysis of polychlorinated n-alkanes in the environment

TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry

Volumn 28, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 778-791

  Feo, M L ^a   Eljarrat, E ^a   Barcelo D ^a,b  

^a INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND WATER RESEARCH   (Spain)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GIRONA   (Spain)

Author keywords

Bioaccumulation; Chlorinated paraffin; Ecotoxicity; Environmental analysis; Environmental fate; Environmental level; Mass spectrometry; Persistent organic pollutant; Polychlorinated n alkane; Toxicology

Indexed keywords

BIOACCUMULATION; BIOCHEMISTRY; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY; ISOMERS; MASS SPECTROMETRY; PARAFFINS; POLLUTION; TOXICITY;

CHLORINATED PARAFFINS; ECOTOXICITY; ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS; ENVIRONMENTAL FATE; ENVIRONMENTAL LEVELS; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANT (POP); POLYCHLORINATED N-ALKANES; TOXICOLOGY;

ORGANIC POLLUTANTS;

ALKANE DERIVATIVE; POLYCHLORINATED N ALKANE DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

AIR ANALYSIS; ANALYTIC METHOD; ARTICLE; BIODEGRADATION; BIOTA; BREAST MILK; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; ECOTOXICITY; EFFLUENT; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FOOD ANALYSIS; HUMAN; HYDROLYSIS; MELTING POINT; NONHUMAN; OXIDATION; PHOTOLYSIS; PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEDIMENT; SLUDGE; SOIL ANALYSIS; SOLUBILITY; TERRESTRIAL SPECIES; TOXICITY TESTING; VAPOR PRESSURE; WATER ANALYSIS; WILDLIFE;

EID: 68649121117     PISSN: 01659936     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2009.04.009     Document Type: Article

References (96)

1. A.B. Mukherjee, National Board of Waters and Environment, Helsinki, Finland, Series A66, 1990.
2. V. Zitko, E. Arsenault, Fisheries and Marine Service, Technical Report No. 491, Environment Canada, 1974, p. 38.
3. Tomy G.T., Fisk A.T., Westmore J.B., and Muir D.C.G. Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 158 (1998) 53
4. OSPAR, Draft OSPAR document on short chained chlorinated paraffins; ASMO 01/6/10-HSC 01/5/6-E; 2001.
5. Fisk A.T., Cymbalisty C.D., Bergman A., and Muir D.C.G. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 15 (1996) 1775
6. Eljarrat E., and Barceló D. Trends Anal. Chem. 25 (2006) 421
7. Coelhan M., Saraci M., Lahaniatis E.S., Lachermeier C., Koske G., Nitz S., Leupold G., and Parlar H. Fresenius' Environ. Bull. 7 (1998) 353
8. Environmental Canada, Commercial Chemicals Branch, Hull, Quebec, Canada, 1993.
9. Environmental Canada, Catalogue En 40 215/17 E, ISBN 0 662 20515 17 E, Hull, Quebec, Canada, 1993.
10. Willis B., Crookes M.J., Diment J., and Dobson S.D. Environmental Hazard Assessment: Chlorinated Paraffins, Toxic Substances Division (1994), Department of Environment, London, UK
11. Drouillard K.G., Tomy G.T., Muir D.C.G., and Friesen K.J. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 17 (1997) 1252
12. Mackay D., Shiu W.Y., and Ma K.C. Monoaromatic Hydrocarbons, Chlorobenzenes and PCBs Vol. I (1992), Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, MI, USA
13. Mackay D., Shiu W.Y., and Ma K.C. Chlorinated Pesticides Vol. V (1997), Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, MI, USA
14. Drouillard K.G., Hiebert T., Tran P., Tomy G.T., Muir D.C.G., and Friesen K.J. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 17 (1997) 1261
15. Sijm D.T.H.M., and Sinnige T.L. Chemosphere 31 (1995) 4427
16. Muir D.C.G., Stern G., and Tomy G. In: Paesivirta J. (Ed). The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry Vol. 3 (2000), Part K. Springer, Heidelberg, Germany 203-236
17. Harner T., and Bidleman T.F. J. Chem. Eng. Data 41 (1996) 895
18. Fisk A.T., Weins S.C., Bergman A., and Muir D.C.G. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 17 (1998) 2019
19. World Health Organization, WHO Environmental Health Criteria 181, WHO International Programme on Chemical Safety, Geneva, Switzerland, 1996.
20. Rossberg M., Ledle W., Pfleiderer G., Tögel A., Dreher E.L., Langer E., Rassaerts H., Kleinshmidt P., Strack H., Cook R., Beck U., Lipper K.A., Torkelson T.R., Löser E., and Beutel K.K. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (2003), Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany
21. Lahaniatis M.R., Coelhan M., and Parlar H. Organohalogen Compd. 47 (2000) 276
22. Marvin C.H., Painter S., Tomy G.T., Stern G.A., Braekevelt E., and Muir D.C.G. Environ. Sci. Technol. 37 (2003) 4561
23. OECD, Final draft, October 1999, UK Health and Safety Executive, London, UK, 1999.
24. Muir D., Braekevelt E., Tomy T., and Whittle M. Organohalogen Compd. 61 (2003) 295
25. Z. Youngjun, China Chemical Reporter, Editorial Department, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 2002.
26. E. Tang, China Chemical Reporter, Editorial Department, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 2002.
27. European Chemicals Board, Draft European Union Risk Assessment Report, U.K. Environmental Agency, London, UK, 2002.
28. Swedish National Chemicals Inspectorate (KEMI), in: Risk Reduction of Chemicals, A Government Commission Report, KEMI Rep. 1/91, Chapter 9, Chlorinated paraffins, KEMI, Solna, Sweden, 1991, pp. 167-187.
29. US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Toxic Substances, Rm1 Decision Package, Chlorinated Paraffins, Environmental Risk, EPA, Washington DC, USA, 1991.
30. Government of Canada, Priority Substances List Assessment Report, Minister of Supply and Service, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 1993 (ISBN 0-662-20515-4, Catalogue No. En 40-215/17E).
31. Chlorinated Paraffins Industry Association (CPIA), Comments on the draft report "Short chain chlorinated paraffins (sPCAs) substance dossier" (Draft March 2), Correspondence to G. Filyk, Environment Canada, from R. Fensterheim, CPIA, 17 May 2002, CPIA, Washington, DC, USA, 2002.
32. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), Lindane, Environmental Health Criteria 181, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 1991.
33. Friedman D., and Lombardo P.J. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 58 (1975) 703
34. Atkinson R. Chem. Rev. 86 (1986) 69
35. Madeley J.R., and Birtley R.D.N. Environ. Sci. Technol. 14 (1980) 1215
36. Omori T., Kimura T., and Kodama T. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 25 (1987) 553
37. UK Environment Agency, Updated Risk Assessment of Alkanes, C10-13 chloro. CAS Number 85535-84-8. EINECS Number: 287-476-5. Combined Draft of April 2007, UK Environment Agency, Oxfordshire, UK, 2007, p. 139.
38. Sundstrom G., and Renberg L. A review. Proc. Fourth Eur. Symp. Org. Micropollut. Aquatic Environ. (1985), Vienna, Austria 230-244
39. Bucher J.R., Alison R.H., Montgomery C.A., Huff J., Haseman J.K., Farnell D., Thompson R., and Prejean J.D. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 9 (1987) 454
40. Birtley R.D.N., Conning D.M., Daniel J.W., Ferguson D.M., Longstaff E., and Swan A.A.B. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 54 (1980) 514
41. IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). Summaries Evaluations, Chlorinated Paraffins (Group 2B) 48 (1990) 55
42. st Priority List, Vol. 4: Chloro-alkanes, C10-13, European Chemicals Bureau, Luxembourg, 2000, 166 pp. (EUR 19010, ISBN 92-828-8451-1).
43. R.S. Thompson, J.R. Madeley, Brixham report BL/B/2373, Imperial Chemical Industries PLC, Devon, UK, 1983.
44. Koh I.O., and Thiemann W.H.J. Photochem. Photobiol., A 139 (2001) 205
45. Cooley H.M., Fisk A.T., Weins S.C., Tomy G.T., Evans R.E., and Muir D.C.G. Aquatic Toxicol. 54 (2001) 181
46. Sverdrup L.E., Hartnik T., Mariussen E., and Jensen J. Chemosphere 64 (2006) 96
47. Bezchlebová J., Černohláková J., Kobetičová K., Lána J., Sochová I., and Hofman J. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safe. 67 (2007) 206
48. R.S. Thompson, M.J. Hutchings, E. Gillings, AstraZeneca, Confidential Report BL 7115/B, 2001.
49. Zencak Z., and Oehme M. Trends Anal. Chem. 25 (2006) 310
50. Bayen S., Obbard J.P., and Thomas G.O. Environ. Int. 32 (2006) 915
51. Santos F.J., Parera J., and Galceran M.T. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 386 (2006) 837
52. Pellizzato F., Ricci M., Held A., and Emos H. J. Environ. Monit. 9 (2007) 9
53. Koritàr P., Parera J., Leonards P.E.G., Santos F.J., de Boer J., and Th. Brinkman U.A. J. Chromatogr., A 1086 (2005) 61
54. Tomy G.T., Stern G.A., Muir D.C.G., Fisk A.T., Cymbalisty D., and Westmore J.B. Anal. Chem. 69 (1997) 2762
55. Zencak Z., Reth M., and Oehme M. Anal. Chem. 76 (2004) 1957
56. Reth M., and Oehme M. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 378 (2004) 1741
57. Tomy G.T., Westmore J.B., Stern G.A., Muir D.C.G., and Fisk A.T. Anal. Chem. 71 (1999) 446
58. Coelhan M., Saraci M., and Parlar H. Chemosphere 40 (2000) 685
59. Reth M., Zencak Z., and Oehme M. J. Chromatogr., A 1081 (2005) 225
60. Barber J.L., Sweetman A.J., Thomas G.O., Braekevelt E., Stern G.A., and Jones K.C. Environ. Sci. Technol. 39 (2005) 4407
61. Peters A.J., Tomy G.T., Jones K.C., Coleman P., and Stern G.A. Atmos. Environ. 34 (2000) 3085
62. Stern G.A., and Tomy G.T. Organohalogen Compd. 47 (2000) 135
63. Borgen A.R., Schlabach M., and Gundersen H. Organohalogen Compd. 47 (2000) 272
64. Iozza S., Müller C.E., Schmid P., Bogdal C., and Oeheme M. Environ. Sci. Technol. 42 (2008) 1045
65. Tomy G.T., Stern G.A., Lockhart W.L., and Muir D.C.G. Environ. Sci. Technol. 33 17 (1999) 2858
66. Hutting J., and Oehme M. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 49 (2005) 449
67. Hutting J., and Oehme M. Chemosphere 64 (2006) 1573
68. Kemmlein S., Hermeneit A., and Rotard W. Organohalogen Compd. 59 (2002) 279
69. Castells P., Parera J., Santos F.J., and Galceran M.T. Chemosphere 70 9 (2008) 1552
70. Přibylová P., Klánová J., and Holoubek I. Environ. Pollut. 144 (2006) 248
71. Štejnarová P., Coelhan M., Kostrhounová R., Parlar H., and Holoubek I. Chemosphere 58 (2005) 253
72. Nicholls C.R., Allchin C.R., and Law R.J. Environ. Pollut. 114 (2001) 415
73. G.T. Tomy, Thesis, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, 1997.
74. Parera J., Santos F.J., and Galceran M.T. Organohalogen Compd. 55 (2002) 195
75. Castells P., Santos F.J., and Galceran M.T. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 18 (2004) 529
76. Parera J., Santos F.J., and Galceran M.T.J. J. Chromatogr., A 1046 (2004) 19
77. Iino F., Takasuga T., Senthilkumar K., Nakamura N., and Nakanishi J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 39 (2005) 859
78. Borgen A.R., Schlabach M., and Mariussen E. Organohalogen Compd. 60 (2003) 331
79. Maulshagen A., Hamm S., Peterson M., Elsholz O., Fengler S., and Seel P. Organohalogen Compd. 62 (2003) 371
80. Stevens J.L., Northcott G.L., Stern A.G., Tomy G.T., and Jones K.C. Environ. Sci. Technol. 37 (2003) 462
81. Reiger R., and Ballschmiter K. Fresenius' J. Anal. Chem. 352 (1995) 715
82. Moore S., Vromet L., and Rondeau R. Chemosphere 54 (2004) 453
83. Takasuga T., Iino F., Abe M., Yoshida K., Nakanishi J., and Senthilkumar K. Organohalogen Compd. 60 (2003) 424
84. Castells P., Santos F.J., and Galceran M.T. J. Chromatogr. 984 (2003) 1
85. Reth M., Zencak Z., and Oehme M. Chemosphere 50 (2005) 847
86. Reth M., Ciric A., Christersen G.N., Heimstad E.S., and Oehme M. Sci. Total Environ. 367 (2006) 252
87. Reth M., Zencak Z., and Oehme M. Organohalogen Compd. 60 (2003) 444
88. Zencak Z., Reth M., and Oehme M. Organohalogen Compd. 60 (2003) 440
89. Tomy G.T., Muir D.C.G., Stern G.A., and Westmore J.B. Environ. Sci. Technol. 34 (2000) 1615
90. Coelhan M. Anal. Chem. 71 (1999) 4498
91. M. Schlabach, E. Mariussen, A. Borgen, C. Dye, E.K. Enge, E. Steinnes, N. Green, H. Mohn, Kartlegging av bromete flammehemmere og klorete parafiner, Program for Pollution Monitoring, Report 866/02, Norwegian Pollution Control Authority (SFT), Kjeller, Norway, 2002 (ISBN 82-425-1411-9; 2003).
92. Jansson B., Andersson R., Asplund K., Litzen K., Nylund K., Sellstrom U., Uvemo U., Wahberg C., Wideqvist U., Odsjo T., and Olsson M. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 12 (1993) 1163
93. Campbell I., and McConnell G. Environ. Sci. Technol. 10 (1980) 1209
94. G.O. Thomas, K.C. Jones, Chlorinated paraffins in human and bovine milk-fat, A report on a research project funded by the Eurochlor Chlorinated Paraffins Sector Group, Department of Environmental Science, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK, 2002 (cited in [96]).
95. G.O. Thomas, E. Braekevelt, G. Stern, F.L. Martin, K.C. Jones, Further work on chlorinated paraffins in human milk-fat, A report on a research project funded by the Eurochlor Chlorinated Paraffins Sector Group, Department of Environmental Science, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK, 2003 (cited in [37]).
96. 14-17, chloro, Draft document, February 2003, Prepared by Building Research Establishment Ltd. for Chemicals Assessment Section, UK Environment Agency, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK, 2003, 326 pp.