메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 129-145

Ecotoxicology of hexavalent chromium in freshwater fish: A critical review

Author keywords

Acute and chronic effects to fish; Aquatic pollution; Cr(VI); Risk assessment; Toxicity biomarkers

Indexed keywords

CHROMIUM;

EID: 68549109592     PISSN: 00487554     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1515/REVEH.2009.24.2.129     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (227)

References (79)
  • 2
    • 84962994471 scopus 로고
    • Transplacental transfer of cadmium and fetal effects
    • Goyer RA. Transplacental transfer of cadmium and fetal effects. Fundam Appl Toxicol 1991;16(1):22-23
    • (1991) Fundam Appl Toxicol , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 22-23
    • Goyer, R.A.1
  • 3
    • 0002243034 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical Response of the Indian Major Carp, Catla catla (HAM.) to Chromium Toxicity
    • Vincent S, Ambrose T, Cyrill L, Selvanaygam M. Biochemical responses of the Indian Major carp, Catla catla (Ham.) to chromium toxicity. Indian J Environ Health 1995;37:192-196 (Pubitemid 126004644)
    • (1995) Indian Journal of Environmental Health , vol.37 , Issue.3 , pp. 192-196
    • Vincent, S.E.1
  • 10
    • 0026091247 scopus 로고
    • Processes affecting the remediation of chromium-contaminated sites
    • Palmer CD and Wittbrod PR. Processes affecting the remediation of chromium-contaminated sites. Environ Health Prospect 1991;92:25-40.
    • (1991) Environ Health Prospect , vol.92 , pp. 25-40
    • Palmer, C.D.1    Wittbrod, P.R.2
  • 11
    • 0018844958 scopus 로고
    • Chromium levels in fish from a lake chronically contaminated with chromate from cooling towers
    • Elwood JW, Beuchamp JJ, Allen CP. Chromium levels in fish from a lake chronically contaminated with chromate from cooling towers. Int J Environ Stud 1980;14:289-298
    • (1980) Int J Environ Stud , vol.14 , pp. 289-298
    • Elwood, J.W.1    Beuchamp, J.J.2    Allen, C.P.3
  • 12
    • 85042241594 scopus 로고
    • Noyes Data Corporation. New Jersey
    • Torrey S. Trace Contaminants from Coal. Noyes Data Corporation. New Jersey. 1978;143-208.
    • (1978) Trace Contaminants from Coal , pp. 143-208
    • Torrey, S.1
  • 13
    • 0344597263 scopus 로고
    • Reclaimed water: A health hazard?
    • Hattingh WHJ. Reclaimed water: a health hazard? Water SA 1977;3:104-112
    • (1977) Water SA , vol.3 , pp. 104-112
    • Hattingh, W.H.J.1
  • 14
    • 0000390524 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of chromate reduction by ferrous ions derived from hematite and biotite at 25oC
    • Eary LE, Rai D. Kinetics of chromate reduction by ferrous ions derived from hematite and biotite at 25oC. Am J Sci 1989;289:180-213.
    • (1989) Am J Sci , vol.289 , pp. 180-213
    • Eary, L.E.1    Rai, D.2
  • 16
    • 33845283130 scopus 로고
    • Chromium (III) hydrolysis constants and volubility of chromium (III)
    • Rai D, Sass JM, Moore DA. Chromium (III) hydrolysis constants and volubility of chromium (III). Hydroxide Inorg. 1987;26(3):345-349
    • (1987) Hydroxide Inorg , vol.26 , Issue.3 , pp. 345-349
    • Rai, D.1    Sass, J.M.2    Moore, D.A.3
  • 17
    • 0023821737 scopus 로고
    • Chromate removal from aqueous wastes by reduction with ferrous ion
    • DOI 10.1021/es00173a018
    • Eary LE, Rai D. Chromate removal from aqueous wastes by reduction with ferrous iron. Environ Sci Technol 1988;22(8):972-977. (Pubitemid 18193801)
    • (1988) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.22 , Issue.8 , pp. 972-977
    • Eary, L.E.1    Rai, D.2
  • 19
    • 84929047274 scopus 로고
    • An examination of the method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method
    • Walkey A, Black LA. An examination of the method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci 1934;37:29-38.
    • (1934) Soil Sci , vol.37 , pp. 29-38
    • Walkey, A.1    Black, L.A.2
  • 20
    • 0030221266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface-catalyzed Cr (+6) reduction: Reactivity comparisons of different organic reductants and different oxide surfaces
    • Deng B and Stone AT. Surface-catalyzed Cr (+6) reduction: Reactivity comparisons of different organic reductants and different oxide surfaces. Environ Sci Technol 1996;30:2484-2494
    • (1996) Environ Sci Technol , vol.30 , pp. 2484-2494
    • Deng, B.1    Stone, A.T.2
  • 21
    • 0033808811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromium transformations in natural environments: The role of biological and abiological processes in Chromium(VI) reduction
    • Fendorf S, Wielinga BW, Hansel CM. Chromium transformations in natural environments: The role of biological and abiological processes in chromium (VI) reduction. Int Geol Rev 2000;42: 691-701. (Pubitemid 30761721)
    • (2000) International Geology Review , vol.42 , Issue.8 , pp. 691-701
    • Fendorf, S.1    Wielinga, B.W.2    Hansel, C.M.3
  • 22
    • 0035298829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavior of hexavalent chromium in a polluted groundwater: Redox processes and immobilization in soils
    • DOI 10.1021/es001073l
    • Loyaux-Lawniczak S, Lecomte P, Ehrhardt JJ. Behavior of hexavalent chromium in a polluted groundwater: redox processes and immobilization in soils. Environ Sci Technol. 2001;35:1350-1357 (Pubitemid 32862503)
    • (2001) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.35 , Issue.7 , pp. 1350-1357
    • Loyaux-Lawniczak, S.1    Lecomte, P.2    Ehrhardt, J.-J.3
  • 24
    • 68549086513 scopus 로고
    • Natural Attenuation of hexavalent chromium in groundwater and soils
    • EPA/540/5-94/505
    • Palmer CD, Robert W. Natural Attenuation of hexavalent chromium in groundwater and soils. EPA Ground Water Issue 1994;EPA/540/5-94/505.
    • (1994) EPA Ground Water Issue
    • Palmer, C.D.1    Robert, W.2
  • 25
    • 0037217113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromium induced alterations in some biochemical profiles of the Indian major carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton)
    • Vutukuru SS. Chromium induced alterations in some biochemical profiles of the Indian major carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton). Bull Environ Contamn Toxicol 2003;70(1):118-123
    • (2003) Bull Environ Contamn Toxicol , vol.70 , Issue.1 , pp. 118-123
    • Vutukuru, S.S.1
  • 26
    • 33845701885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute toxicity of hexavalent chromium to European freshwater fish
    • DOI 10.1007/s00128-006-1126-4
    • Svecevicius G. Acute toxicity of hexavalent chromium to European freshwater fish. Bull Environ Contamn Toxicol. 2006;77 (5):741-747 (Pubitemid 44968914)
    • (2006) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , vol.77 , Issue.5 , pp. 741-747
    • Svecevicius, G.1
  • 27
    • 0004658504 scopus 로고
    • Influence of acidity of water on chromium toxicity - A case study with the teleost Nuria denricus as model
    • Abbasi SA, Kunhahmed T, Nipaney PC, Soni R. Influence of acidity of water on chromium toxicity - A case study with the teleost Nuria denricus as model. Polin Res 1995;14(3):317-323
    • (1995) Polin Res , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 317-323
    • Abbasi, S.A.1    Kunhahmed, T.2    Nipaney, P.C.3    Soni, R.4
  • 28
    • 0019866748 scopus 로고
    • Effect of pH on uptake, tissue distribution and retention of hexavalent chromium in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)
    • DOI 10.1016/0166-445X(81)90003-5
    • Van Der Putte I, Lubbers J, Kolar Z. Effect of pH on uptake, tissue distribution and retention of hexavalent chromium in Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Aqua Toxicol 1981;1:3-18. (Pubitemid 11079619)
    • (1981) Aquatic Toxicology , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-18
    • Van Der Putte, I.1    Lubbers, J.2    Kolar, Z.3
  • 29
    • 0019582788 scopus 로고
    • Effect of pH on the acute toxicity of hexavalent chromium to Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)
    • Van Der Putte I, Brinkhorst MA, Koeman JH. Effect of pH on the acute toxicity of hexavalent chromium to Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Aqua Toxicol. 1981b;1:129-142
    • (1981) Aqua Toxicol , vol.1 , pp. 129-142
    • Van Der Putte, I.1    Brinkhorst, M.A.2    Koeman, J.H.3
  • 31
    • 0019814256 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of copper, zinc, cadmium, and chromium in fish tissues. A tool for detecting metal caused fish kills
    • Van Hoof F, Van San M. Analysis of copper, zinc, cadmium, and chromium in fish tissues. A tool for detecting metal caused fish kills. Chemosph 1981; 10(10):1127-1135
    • (1981) Chemosph , vol.10 , Issue.10 , pp. 1127-1135
    • Van Hoof, F.1    Van San, M.2
  • 32
    • 19344361928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of basal cytotoxicity data between mammalian and fish cell lines: A literature survey
    • Castano and Gomez-Lechon. Comparison of basal cytotoxicity data between mammalian and fish cell lines: a literature survey. Toxicol In Vitro 2005;19(5):695-705.
    • (2005) Toxicol in Vitro , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 695-705
    • Castano1    Gomez-Lechon2
  • 33
    • 0043198159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of fish cells in ecotoxicology. The report and recommendations of ECVAM Workshop 47
    • Castano A, Bols N, Braunbeck T, Dierickx P, Halder M, Isomaa B, et al. The use of fish cells in ecotoxicology. The report and recommendations of ECVAM Workshop 47. Altern Lab Anim 2003; 31(3):317-351
    • (2003) Altern Lab Anim , vol.31 , Issue.3 , pp. 317-351
    • Castano, A.1    Bols, N.2    Braunbeck, T.3    Dierickx, P.4    Halder, M.5    Isomaa, B.6
  • 34
    • 0034832754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish cell lines as versatile tools in ecotoxicology: A ssessment of cytotoxicity, cytochrome P4501A induction potential and estrogenic activity of chemicals and environmental samples
    • Fent. Fish cell lines as versatile tools in ecotoxicology: a ssessment of cytotoxicity, cytochrome P4501A induction potential and estrogenic activity of chemicals and environmental samples. Toxicol In Vitro 2001;15 (4-5):477-488
    • (2001) Toxicol in Vitro , vol.15 , Issue.4-5 , pp. 477-488
    • Fent1
  • 35
    • 0034756182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro cytotoxicity of the organophosphorus pesticide parathion to FG-9307 cells
    • Li HY, Zhang SC. In vitro cytotoxicity of the organophosphorus pesticide parathion to FG-9307 cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2001;15(6):643-647
    • (2001) Toxicol in Vitro , vol.15 , Issue.6 , pp. 643-647
    • Li, H.Y.1    Zhang, S.C.2
  • 36
    • 0032241033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish cell lines as a tool in aquatic toxicology
    • Segner H. Fish cell lines as a tool in aquatic toxicology. EXS 1998;86:1-38.
    • (1998) EXS , vol.86 , pp. 1-38
    • Segner, H.1
  • 37
    • 0032524368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ability of 16 priority PAHs to be directly cytotoxic to a cell line from the rainbow trout gill
    • DOI 10.1016/S0300-483X(98)00030-4, PII S0300483X98000304
    • Schirmer K, Dixon DG, Greenberg BM, Bols NC. Ability of 16 priority PAHs to be directly cytotoxic to a cell line from the rainbow trout gill. Toxicology 1998;127(1-3):129-141 (Pubitemid 28341823)
    • (1998) Toxicology , vol.127 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 129-141
    • Schirmer, K.1    Dixon, D.G.2    Greenberg, B.M.3    Bols, N.C.4
  • 38
    • 40849130630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cyto-toxicity and genotoxicity of hexavalent chromium in medaka (Oryzias latipes) cells
    • Goodale BC, Walter R, Pelsue SR, Thompson WD, Wise SS, Winn RN, et al. The cyto-toxicity and genotoxicity of hexavalent chromium in medaka (Oryzias latipes) cells. Aquat Toxicol 2008;87 (1):60-67
    • (2008) Aquat Toxicol , vol.87 , Issue.1 , pp. 60-67
    • Goodale, B.C.1    Walter, R.2    Pelsue, S.R.3    Thompson, W.D.4    Wise, S.S.5    Winn, R.N.6
  • 39
    • 37249054563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative evaluation of the cytotoxicity sensitivity of six fish cell lines to four heavy metals in vitro
    • DOI 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.020, PII S0887233307002378
    • Tan F, Wang M, Wang W, Lu Y. Comparative evaluation of the cytotoxicity sensitivity of six fish cell lines to four heavy metals in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro 2008;22(1):164-170 (Pubitemid 350267118)
    • (2008) Toxicology in Vitro , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 164-170
    • Tan, F.1    Wang, M.2    Wang, W.3    Lu, Y.4
  • 42
    • 7444244919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute toxicity of hexavalent chromium in isolated teleost hepatocytes
    • DOI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.09.001, PII S0166445X0400253X
    • Krumschnabel G, Nawaz M. Acute toxicity of hexavalent chromium in isolated teleost hepatocytes. Aqua Toxicol:2004;70:159-167 (Pubitemid 39441290)
    • (2004) Aquatic Toxicology , vol.70 , Issue.2 , pp. 159-167
    • Krumschnabel, G.1    Nawaz, M.2
  • 43
    • 0021890583 scopus 로고
    • The effect of metals and cyanide on fertilization in rainbow trout ( Salmo gairdneri)
    • DOI 10.1016/0043-1354(85)90202-7
    • Billard R, Roubaud P. The effect of metals and cyanide on fertilization in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Water Res 1985;19(2):209-214 (Pubitemid 16275879)
    • (1985) Water Research , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 209-214
    • Billard, R.1    Roubaud, P.2
  • 44
    • 33947357707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of mercury, cadmium, nickel, chromium and zinc on kinetic properties of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase purified from leaping mullet (Liza saliens)
    • DOI 10.1016/j.tiv.2006.10.002, PII S0887233306002281
    • Bozcaarmutlu A, Arinc E. Effect of mercury, cadmium, nickel, chromium and zinc on kinetic properties of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase purified from leaping mullet (Liza saliens). Toxicol In Vitro 2007;21(3):408-416 (Pubitemid 46453115)
    • (2007) Toxicology in Vitro , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 408-416
    • Bozcaarmutlu, A.1    Arinc, E.2
  • 45
    • 68549112327 scopus 로고
    • Effects of chromate on glucose transport by the gut of rainbow trout
    • Stokes RM, Fromm PO. Effects of chromate on glucose transport by the gut of rainbow trout. Physiol Zool 1965;38:202-205
    • (1965) Physiol Zool , vol.38 , pp. 202-205
    • Stokes, R.M.1    Fromm, P.O.2
  • 46
    • 0020029056 scopus 로고
    • Effect of cadmium and chromium on the intestinal absorption of glucose in the Snakehead Fish, Channa punctatus
    • Sastry KV, Sunita KM. Effect of cadmium and chromium on the intestinal absorption of glucose in the Snakehead Fish, Channa punctatus. Toxicol Lett 1982;10(2-3):293-296
    • (1982) Toxicol Lett , vol.10 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 293-296
    • Sastry, K.V.1    Sunita, K.M.2
  • 47
    • 0023950968 scopus 로고
    • Hexavalent chromium: Toxicity and its impact on certain aspects of carbohydrate metabolism of the freshwater teleost, Colisa fasciatus
    • Nath K, Kumar N. Hexavalent chromium: Toxicity and its impact on certain aspects of carbohydrate metabolism of the freshwater teleost, Colisa fasciatus. Sci Total Environ 1988;72:175-181 (Pubitemid 18149061)
    • (1988) Science of the Total Environment , vol.72 , Issue.1 , pp. 175-181
    • Nath, K.1    Kumar, N.2
  • 48
    • 0033509813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromium induced alterations in the oxygen consumption of the freshwater teleost fish, Labeo rohita
    • Vutukuru SS, Balaparameswaran RM. Chromium induced alterations in the oxygen consumption of the freshwater teleost fish, Labeo rohita. Pollution Res 1999;18:377-380
    • (1999) Pollution Res , vol.18 , pp. 377-380
    • Vutukuru, S.S.1    Balaparameswaran, R.M.2
  • 49
    • 22144470810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in selected biomarkers in freshwater teleost fish, Cyprinus carpio var. communis exposed to sublethal concentrations of chromium sulphate toxicity
    • Subashini P, Manavalaramanujam R, Ramesh M, Geetha N. Changes in selected biomarkers in freshwater teleost fish, Cyprinus carpio var. communis exposed to sublethal concentrations of chromium sulphate toxicity. J Environ Sci Eng 2005;47(1):65-68 (Pubitemid 40980923)
    • (2005) Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering , vol.47 , Issue.1 , pp. 65-68
    • Subashini, P.1    Manavalaramanujam, R.2    Ramesh, M.3    Geetha, N.4
  • 50
    • 0030565581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of chromium(VI) on some ion-dependent ATPases in gills, kidney and intestine of a coastal teleost Periophthalmus dipes
    • DOI 10.1016/0300-483X(96)86481-X
    • Thaker J, Chhaya J, Nuzhat S, Mittal R. Effects of chromium (VI) on some ion-dependent ATPases in gills, kidney and intestine of a coastal teleost Periophthalmus dipes. Toxicology 1996;112:237. (Pubitemid 26335425)
    • (1996) Toxicology , vol.112 , Issue.3 , pp. 237-244
    • Thaker, J.1    Chhaya, J.2    Nuzhat, S.3    Mittal, R.4    Mansuri, A.P.5    Kundu, R.6
  • 51
    • 0020111838 scopus 로고
    • Respiration and osmoregulation in rainbrow trout (Salmo gairdneri) exposed to hexavalent chromium at different pH values
    • van der Putte I, Laurier MBHM, Van Eijk GJM. Respiration and osmoregulation in rainbrow trout (Salmo gairdneri) exposed to hexavalent chromium at different pH values. Aquat Toxicol 1982;2:99-112.
    • (1982) Aquat Toxicol , vol.2 , pp. 99-112
    • Van Der Putte, I.1    Laurier, M.B.H.M.2    Van Eijk, G.J.M.3
  • 52
    • 34848866838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute effects of hexavalent chromium on survival, oxygen consumption, hematological parameters and some biochemical profiles of the Indian Major Carp, Labeo rohita
    • Vutukuru SS. Acute effects of hexavalent chromium on survival, oxygen consumption, hematological parameters and some biochemical profiles of the Indian Major Carp, Labeo rohita. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2005;2(3):456-462
    • (2005) Int J Environ Res Public Health , vol.2 , Issue.3 , pp. 456-462
    • Vutukuru, S.S.1
  • 53
    • 0026522873 scopus 로고
    • Effects of chromium during pH change on blood coagulation in Tilapia sparrmanii (Cichlidae)
    • Gey van Pittius M, van Vuren JH, Du Preez HH. Effects of chromium during pH change on blood coagulation in Tilapia sparrmanii (Cichlidae). Comp Biochem Physiol C 1992;101(2):371-374
    • (1992) Comp Biochem Physiol C , vol.101 , Issue.2 , pp. 371-374
    • Gey Van Pittius, M.1    Van Vuren, J.H.2    Du Preez, H.H.3
  • 54
    • 0026603126 scopus 로고
    • The effect of hexavalent chromium at different pH values on the hematology of Tilapia sparrmanii (Cichlidae)
    • Wepener V, van Vuren JH, Du Preez HH. The effect of hexavalent chromium at different pH values on the hematology of Tilapia sparrmanii (Cichlidae). Comp Biochem Physiol 1992;101(2):375-381
    • (1992) Comp Biochem Physiol , vol.101 , Issue.2 , pp. 375-381
    • Wepener, V.1    Van Vuren, J.H.2    Du Preez, H.H.3
  • 55
    • 0032956541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of chromium on humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and host resistance to disease in a Freshwater catfish, Saccobranchus fossilis (Bloch)
    • Khangarot BS, Rathore RS, Tripathi DM. Effects of chromium on humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and host resistance to disease in a Freshwater catfish, Saccobranchus fossilis (Bloch). Ecotox Environ Safety 1999;43:11-20.
    • (1999) Ecotox Environ Safety , vol.43 , pp. 11-20
    • Khangarot, B.S.1    Rathore, R.S.2    Tripathi, D.M.3
  • 56
    • 0023772216 scopus 로고
    • Effects of hexavalent chromium on trout mitochondria
    • DOI 10.1016/0378-4274(88)90131-2
    • Arillo A, Melodia F. Effect of hexavalent chromium on trout mitochondria. Toxicol Letters 1988;44:71-76 (Pubitemid 18244480)
    • (1988) Toxicology Letters , vol.44 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 71-76
    • Arillo, A.1    Melodia, F.2
  • 57
    • 34548737749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of early life stage fall chinook salmon exposed to hexavalent chromium from a contaminated groundwater source
    • Patton G, Dauble D, McKinstry C. Evaluation of early life stage fall chinook salmon exposed to hexavalent chromium from a contaminated groundwater source. Environ Monit Assess 2007;133:285-294.
    • (2007) Environ Monit Assess , vol.133 , pp. 285-294
    • Patton, G.1    Dauble, D.2    McKinstry, C.3
  • 58
    • 32644472989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of chronic chromium exposure on the health of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
    • DOI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2005.09.011, PII S0166445X05003486
    • Farag AM, May T, Marty GD, Easton M., Harper DD, Little EE, et al. The effect of chronic chromium exposure on the health of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Aquat Toxicol 2006;10:76(3-4):246-257 (Pubitemid 43246813)
    • (2006) Aquatic Toxicology , vol.76 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 246-257
    • Farag, A.M.1    May, T.2    Marty, G.D.3    Easton, M.4    Harper, D.D.5    Little, E.E.6    Cleveland, L.7
  • 59
    • 0036193517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embryo-Larval toxicity tests with the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus): Comparative sensitivity of endpoints
    • Nguyen LT, Janssen CR. Embryo-Larval toxicity tests with the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus): Comparative sensitivity of endpoints. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2002;42:256-262
    • (2002) Arch Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.42 , pp. 256-262
    • Nguyen, L.T.1    Janssen, C.R.2
  • 60
    • 0020332738 scopus 로고
    • Effects of hexavalent chromium in rainbow trout (Salmo Gairdneri) after prolonged exposure at two different pH levels
    • van der Putte I, van der Galien W, Strik JJ Effects of hexavalent chromium in rainbow trout (Salmo Gairdneri) after prolonged exposure at two different pH levels. Ecotox Environ Safety 1982;6:246-257
    • (1982) Ecotox Environ Safety , vol.6 , pp. 246-257
    • Van Der Putte, I.1    Van Der Galien, W.2    Strik, J.J.3
  • 61
    • 0034311722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deferential effect of chromium compounds on the immune response of the African mouth breeder Oreochromis mossambicus (Peter)
    • Arunkumar RI, Rajashekaran P, Michael RD. Deferential effect of chromium compounds on the immune response of the African mouth breeder Oreochromis mossambicus (Peter). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2000;10:667-676
    • (2000) Fish Shellfish Immunol , vol.10 , pp. 667-676
    • Arunkumar, R.I.1    Rajashekaran, P.2    Michael, R.D.3
  • 62
    • 0020686589 scopus 로고
    • Enzymological and biochemical changes produced by chronic chromium exposure in a Teleost fish, Channa punctatus
    • Sastry KV, Sunita KM. Enzymological and biochemical changes produced by chronic chromium exposure in a Teleost fish, Channa punctatus. Toxicol Lett 1983;16:9-15.
    • (1983) Toxicol Lett , vol.16 , pp. 9-15
    • Sastry, K.V.1    Sunita, K.M.2
  • 63
    • 0001107394 scopus 로고
    • The humoral response of Salmo trutta L. and Cyprinus carpio L. exposed to heavy metals
    • O'Neill G. The humoral response of Salmo trutta L. and Cyprinus carpio L. exposed to heavy metals. J Fish Biol 1981;19:297-306.
    • (1981) J Fish Biol , vol.19 , pp. 297-306
    • O'Neill, G.1
  • 64
    • 0346401425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of biomarkers in the health assessment of aquatic ecosystems
    • Sherry JP. The role of biomarkers in the health assessment of aquatic ecosystems. AEHM 2003;6(4):423-440
    • (2003) AEHM , vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp. 423-440
    • Sherry, J.P.1
  • 65
    • 29144495580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress proteins induced by exposure to sub lethal levels of heavy metals in sea bream (Sparus sarba) blood cells
    • Fulladosa E, Deane E, Ng AH, Woo NY, Murat JC, Villaescusa I. Stress proteins induced by exposure to sub lethal levels of heavy metals in sea bream (Sparus sarba) blood cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2006;20:96-100.
    • (2006) Toxicol in Vitro , vol.20 , pp. 96-100
    • Fulladosa, E.1    Deane, E.2    Ng, A.H.3    Woo, N.Y.4    Murat, J.C.5    Villaescusa, I.6
  • 67
    • 0037214816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations in the biochemical constituents of muscles of Cirrhinus mrigala following exposure to and withdrawal from metals
    • DOI 10.1007/s00128-002-0162-y
    • Virk S, Sharma A. Alterations in the biochemical constituents of muscles of Cirrhinus mrigala following exposure to and withdrawal from metals. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2003;70: 106-111. (Pubitemid 36301914)
    • (2003) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , vol.70 , Issue.1 , pp. 106-111
    • Virk, S.1    Sharma, A.2
  • 68
    • 0030898179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generation of putative intrastrand cross-links and strand breaks in DNA by transition metal ion-mediated oxygen radical attack
    • Lloyd DR, Phillips DH, Carmichael PL. Generation of putative intrastrand cross-links and strand breaks in DNA by transition metal ion-mediated oxygen radical attack. Chem Res Toxicol 1997;10:393-400.
    • (1997) Chem Res Toxicol , vol.10 , pp. 393-400
    • Lloyd, D.R.1    Phillips, D.H.2    Carmichael, P.L.3
  • 69
    • 33645736669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carcinogenic Cr(VI) and the nutritional supplement Cr(III) induce DNA deletions in yeast and mice
    • Kirpnick-Sobol Z, Reliene R, Schiestl RH. Carcinogenic Cr(VI) and the nutritional supplement Cr(III) induce DNA deletions in yeast and mice. Cancer Res 2006;66:3480-3484
    • (2006) Cancer Res , vol.66 , pp. 3480-3484
    • Kirpnick-Sobol, Z.1    Reliene, R.2    Schiestl, R.H.3
  • 70
    • 4644372668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple biomarker response in rainbow trout during exposure to hexavalent chromium
    • Roberts AP, Oris JT. Multiple biomarker response in rainbow trout during exposure to hexavalent chromium. Compar Biochem Physiol Part C Toxicol Pharmacol 2004;138:221-228
    • (2004) Compar Biochem Physiol Part C Toxicol Pharmacol , vol.138 , pp. 221-228
    • Roberts, A.P.1    Oris, J.T.2
  • 71
    • 34248220683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromium induced alterations in the gill of the freshwater teleost fish, Labeo rohita
    • Sesha Srinivas. V, Rao BM. Chromium induced alterations in the gill of the freshwater teleost fish, Labeo rohita. Ind J Compar Anim Physiol 1998; 17(1):31-33
    • (1998) Ind J Compar Anim Physiol , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 31-33
    • Sesha Srinivas, V.1    Rao, B.M.2
  • 72
    • 32644487860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trivalent chromium alters gene expression in the mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus)
    • DOI 10.1897/03-130
    • Maples NL, Bain LJ. Trivalent chromium alters gene expression in the mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus). Environ Tox Chem. 2004;23(3):626-631 (Pubitemid 38250339)
    • (2004) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 626-631
    • Maples, N.L.1    Bain, L.J.2
  • 73
    • 23744456588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities in Oreochromis niloticus following exposure to petroleum refinery and chromium processing plant effluents
    • DOI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2005.06.001, PII S0166445X05001773
    • Cavas T, Ergene-Gozukara S. Induction of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities in Oreochromis niloticus following exposure to petroleum refinery and chromium processing plant effluents. Aqua Toxicol 2005;74:264-271 (Pubitemid 41138069)
    • (2005) Aquatic Toxicology , vol.74 , Issue.3 , pp. 264-271
    • Cavas, T.1    Ergene-Gozukara, S.2
  • 74
    • 1642512582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cadmium, Chromium, and Copper Induce Polychromatocyte Micronuclei in Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)
    • DOI 10.1007/s00128-003-0243-6
    • Zhu Y, Wang J, Bai Y, Zhang R. Cadmium, chromium, and copper induced polychromatocyte micronuclei in Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2004;72:78-86. (Pubitemid 38133313)
    • (2004) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , vol.72 , Issue.1 , pp. 78-86
    • Zhu, Y.1    Wang, J.2    Bai, Y.3    Zhang, R.4
  • 75
    • 0034818030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of basal micronucleus frequency and hexavalent chromium effects in fish erythrocytes
    • De Lemos CT, Rodel PM, Terra NR, Erdtman B. Evaluation of basal micronucleus frequency and hexavalent chromium effects in fish erythrocytes. Environ Toxicol Chem 2001;20(6):1320-1324
    • (2001) Environ Toxicol Chem , vol.20 , Issue.6 , pp. 1320-1324
    • De Lemos, C.T.1    Rodel, P.M.2    Terra, N.R.3    Erdtman, B.4
  • 76
    • 1542315378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Construction of a subtractive library from hexavalent chromium treated winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) reveals alterations in ion-selenium glutathione peroxidases
    • Chapman LM, Roling JA, Bingham LK, Herald MR, Baldwin WS. Construction of a subtractive library from hexavalent chromium treated winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) reveals alterations in ion-selenium glutathione peroxidases. Aqua Toxicol 2004;67:181-194
    • (2004) Aqua Toxicol , vol.67 , pp. 181-194
    • Chapman, L.M.1    Roling, J.A.2    Bingham, L.K.3    Herald, M.R.4    Baldwin, W.S.5
  • 77
    • 19444370592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological and genetic responses of European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) to short-term chromium or copper exposure-influence of preexposure to a PAH-like compound
    • DOI 10.1002/tox.20082
    • Teles M, Pacheco M, Santos MA. Physiological and genetic responses of European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) to short-term chromium or copper exposure-Influence of preexposure to a PAH-like compound. Environ Toxicol 2005;20(1):92-99 (Pubitemid 40731749)
    • (2005) Environmental Toxicology , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 92-99
    • Teles, M.1    Pacheco, M.2    Santos, M.A.3
  • 79
    • 68549105548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute toxicity of sodium dichromate to gold fish, Carassius auratus
    • Velma V, Tchounwou PB. Acute toxicity of sodium dichromate to gold fish, Carassius auratus. Metal Ions Biol Med 2008;10:642-646
    • (2008) Metal Ions Biol Med , vol.10 , pp. 642-646
    • Velma, V.1    Tchounwou, P.B.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.