A decade of satellite ocean color observations

Annual Review of Marine Science

Volumn 1, Issue , 2009, Pages 19-42

  McClain, Charles R ^a  

^a NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Carbon cycle; Chlorophyll a; Marine ecosystems; Satellite calibration and validation; SeaWiFS

Indexed keywords

CALIBRATION AND VALIDATIONS; CARBON CYCLES; CHLOROPHYLL A; MARINE ECOSYSTEM; SEAWIFS;

BAND STRUCTURE; CHLOROPHYLL; COASTAL ZONES; IMAGING TECHNIQUES;

COLOR;

CARBON; COLORING AGENT; PIGMENT;

ANIMAL; CHEMISTRY; COLOR; ECOSYSTEM; MARINE BIOLOGY; METHODOLOGY; REMOTE SENSING; REVIEW; SEA; SPACE FLIGHT;

ANIMALS; CARBON; COLOR; COLORING AGENTS; ECOSYSTEM; MARINE BIOLOGY; OCEANS AND SEAS; PIGMENTS, BIOLOGICAL; REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGY; SPACECRAFT;

EID: 67650957902     PISSN: 19411405     EISSN: 19410611     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.marine.010908.163650     Document Type: Review

References (154)

1. Abbott MR, Chelton DB. 1991. Advances in passive remote sensing of the ocean. U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1987-1990, Contributions in Oceanography, pp. 571-89, Am. Geophys. U.
2. Ahmad Z, McClain CR, Herman JR, Franz BA, Kwaitkowska EJ, et al. 2007. Atmospheric correction of NO2 in retrieving water-leaving reflectances from the SeaWiFS and MODIS measurements. Appl. Opt. 46(26):6504-12 (Pubitemid 350206702)
3. Alvain S, Moulin C, Dandonneau Y, Bréon FM. 2005. Remote sensing of phytoplankton groups in case 1 waters from global SeaWiFS imagery. Deep-Sea Res. I 52:1989-2004 (Pubitemid 41376376)
4. Antoine D, d'Ortenzio F, Hooker SB, Bècu G, Gentili B, et al. 2008. Assessment of uncertainty in the ocean reflectance determined by three satellite ocean color sensors (MERIS, SeaWiFS, and MODIS-A) at an offshore site in the Mediterranean Sea (BOUSSOLE project). J. Geophys. Res. 113:C07013
5. Antoine D, Morel A, Gordon HR, Banzon VF, Evans RH. 2005. Bridging ocean color observations of the 1980s and 2000s in search of long-term trends. J. Geophys. Res. 110:C06009
6. Armstrong RA, Sarmiento JL, Slater RD. 1995. Monitoring ocean productivity by assimilating satellite chlorophyll into ecosystem models. In: Ecological Time Series, ed. TM Powell, JH Steele, pp. 371-90. London: Chapman & Hall. 514 pp.
7. Arrigo KR, van Dijken GL. 2004. Annual changes in sea-ice, chlorophyll a, and primary production in the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Deep-Sea Res. II 51:117-38 (Pubitemid 38791445)
8. Arrigo KR, Worthen D, Schnell A, Lizotte MP. 1998. Primary production in Southern Ocean waters. J. Geophys. Res. 103(C8):15587-600 (Pubitemid 128499585)
9. Babin SM, Carton JA, Dickey TD, Wiggert JD. 2007. Satellite evidence of hurricane-induced phytoplankton blooms in an oceanic desert. J. Geophys. Res. 109:C03043
10. Bailey SW, Werdell PJ. 2006. A multi-sensor approach for the on-orbit validation of ocean color satellite data products. Remote Sens. Environ. 102:12-23 (Pubitemid 44304416)
11. Balch W, Drapeau D, Bowler B, Booth E. 2007. Prediction of pelagic calcification rates using satellite measurements. Deep-Sea Res. II 54:478-95 (Pubitemid 46805140)
12. Banzon VF, Evans RE, Gordon HR, Chomko RM. 2004. SeaWiFS observations of the Arabian Sea southwest monsoon bloom for the year 2000. Deep-Sea Res. II 51:189-208 (Pubitemid 38791450)
13. Barale V, Schlittenhardt PM. 1993. Ocean Colour: Theory and Applications in a Decade of CZCS Experience. Dordrecht/Boston/London: Kluwer. 347 pp.
14. Barnes RA, Eplee RE Jr, Patt FS, Kieffer HH, Stone TC, et al. 2004. Comparison of the on-orbit response history of SeaWiFS with the U.S. Geological Survey lunar model. Appl. Opt. 43(31):5838-54
15. Behrenfeld MJ, Boss E, Siegel DA, Shea DM. 2005. Carbon-based ocean productivity and phytoplankton physiology from space. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 19:GB1006
16. Behrenfeld MJ, Esaias WE, Turpie KR. 2002. Assessment of primary production at global scale. In Phytoplankton Productivity: Carbon Assimilation in Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, ed. PJ le B. Williams, DN Thomas, CS Reynolds, pp. 156-86. Wiley-Blackwell. 400 pp.
17. Behrenfeld MJ, Falkowski PG. 1997. Photosynthetic rates derived from satellite-based chlorophyll concentration. Limnol. Oceanogr. 42(1):1-20 (Pubitemid 27422607)
18. Behrenfeld MJ, Halsey KH, Milligan AJ. 2008. Evolved physiological responses of phytoplankton to their integrated growth environment. Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. B 363:2687-703 (Pubitemid 351989768)
19. Behrenfeld MJ, O'Malley RT, Siegel DA, McClain CR, Sarmiento JL, et al. 2006. Climate-driven trends in contemporary ocean productivity. Nature 444(7):752-55 (Pubitemid 44949603)
20. Behrenfeld MJ, Randerson JT, McClain CR, Feldman GC, Los SO, et al. 2001. Biospheric primary production during the ENSO transition. Science 291:2594-97 (Pubitemid 32257876)
21. Brown CW, Yoder JA. 1994. Coccolithophorid blooms in the global ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 99(C4):7467-82
22. Brown O, Evans RH, Brown JW, Gordon HR, Smith RC, et al. 1985. Phytoplankton blooming of the U.S. east coast: a satellite description. Science 229:163-67 (Pubitemid 16269465)
23. Cannizzaro JP, Carder KL, Chen FR, Heil CA, Vargo GA. 2008. A novel technique for detection of the toxic dinoflagellate, Karenia brevis, in the Gulf of Mexico from remotely sensed ocean color data. Cont. Shelf Res. 28:137-58 (Pubitemid 350296545)
24. Capone DG, Zehr JP, PaerlHW, Bergman B, Carpenter EJ. 1997. Trichodesmium, a globally significant marine cyanobacterium. Science 276:1221-29
25. Carder KL, Chen FR, Lee ZP, Hawes SK, Kamykowski D. 1999. Semianalytic moderate-resolution imaging spectrometer algorithms for chlorophyll a and absorption with bio-optical domains based on nitratedepletion temperatures. J. Geophys. Res. 104(C3):5403-21 (Pubitemid 29271018)
26. Carr M-E, Friedrichs MAM, Schmeltz M, Aita MN, Antoine D, et al. 2006. A comparison of global estimates of marine primary production from ocean color. Deep-Sea Res. II 53(5-7):741-70 (Pubitemid 43884791)
27. Carr M-E, Strub PT, Thomas AC, Blanco JL. 2002. Evolution of 1996-1997 La Niña and El Niño conditions off the western coast of South America: a remote sensing perspective. J. Geophys. Res. 107(C12):3236
28. Charria G, Mélin F, Dadou I, Radenac M-H, GarçonV. 2003. Rossby wave and ocean color: The cells uplifting hypothesis in the South Atlantic subtropical convergence zone. Geophys. Res. Lett. 30(3):1125
29. Chavez FP, Strutton PG, Friederich GE, Feely RA, Feldman GC, et al. 1999. Biological and chemical response of the equatorial Pacific Ocean to the 1997-98 El Niño. Science 286:2126-31 (Pubitemid 129516281)
30. Chomko RM, Gordon GR, Maritorena S, Siegel DA. 2003. Simultaneous retrieval of oceanic and atmospheric parameters for ocean color imagery by spectral optimization: a validation. Remote Sens. Environ. 84:208-20 (Pubitemid 36087470)
31. Cipollini P, Cromwell D, Challenor PG, Raffaglio S. 2001. Rossby waves detected in global ocean colour data. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28(2):323-26
32. Clark DK, Gordon HR, Voss KJ, Ge Y, Broenkow W, et al. 1997. Validation of atmospheric correction over the ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 102(D14):17209-17
33. Clarke GL, Ewing GC, Lorenzen CJ. 1970. Spectra of backscattered light from sea obtained from aircraft as a measure of chlorophyll concentration. Science 16:1119-21
34. Claustre H, Hooker SB, Van Heukelem L, Berthon J-F, Barlow R, et al. 2004. An intercomparison of HPLC phytoplankton pigment methods using in situ samples: application to remote sensing and database activities. Mar. Chem. 85:41-61 (Pubitemid 38086325)
35. Dandonneau Y, Menkes C, Gorgues T, Madec G. 2004. Reponse to comment on "Oceanic Rossby waves acting as a 'hay rake' for ecosystem floating by-products." Science 304:390c
36. Dandonneau Y, Vega A, Loisel H, du Penhoat Y, Menkes C. 2003. Oceanic Rossby waves acting as a "hay rake" for ecosystem floating by-products. Science 302:1548-51 (Pubitemid 37475694)
37. Doney SC, Glover DM, McCue SJ, Fuentes M. 2003. Mesoscale variability of sea-viewing wide field-of-view sensor (SeaWiFS) satellite ocean color: Global patterns and spatial scales. J. Geophys. Res. 108(C2):3024
38. Dupouy C, Neveux J, Subramaniam A, Mulholland MR, Montoya J, et al. 2000. Satellite captures Trichodesmium blooms in the southwestern tropical Pacific. Eos, Trans. Am. Geophys. U. 18(2):13
39. Follows M, Dutkiewicz S. 2002. Meteorological modulation of the North Atlantic spring bloom. Deep-Sea Res. II 49:321-44 (Pubitemid 34045579)
40. Franz BA, Bailey SW, Werdell PJ, McClain CR. 2007. Sensor-independent approach to the vicarious calibration of satellite ocean color radiometry. Appl. Opt. 46(22):5068-82 (Pubitemid 47632065)
41. Friedrichs MAM.2001. Adata assimilative marine ecosystem model of the central equatorial Pacific: Numerical twin experiments. J. Mar. Res. 59:859-94 (Pubitemid 34179809)
42. Friedrichs MAM. 2002. Assimilation of JGOFS EqPac and SeaWiFS data into a marine ecosystem model of the central equatorial Pacific Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. II 49:289-319 (Pubitemid 34045578)
43. Garcia CAE, Garcia VMT, McClain CR. 2005. Evaluation of SeaWiFS chlorophyll algorithms in the southwestern Atlantic and Southern Oceans. Remote Sens. Environ. 95:125-137 (Pubitemid 40240812)
44. Garcia-Gorriz E, Hoepffner N, Ouberdous M. 2003. Assimilation of SeaWiFS data in a coupled physicalbiological model of the Adriatic Sea. J. Mar. Sys. 40-41:233-252 (Pubitemid 36530917)
45. Gardner WD, Mishonov AV, Richardson MJ. 2006. Global POC concentrations from in-situ and satellite data. Deep-Sea Res. II 53:718-740 (Pubitemid 43866511)
46. Garver SA, Siegel DA. 1997. Inherent optical property inversion of ocean color spectra and its biogeochemical interpretation I. Times series from the Sargasso Sea. J. Geophys. Res. 102(C8):18607-25 (Pubitemid 28075598)
47. Gilerson A, Zhou J, Hlaing S, Ioannou I, Schalles J, et al. 2008a. Fluorescence component in the reflectance spectra from coastal waters. Dependence on water composition. Opt. Express 15(24):15702-22
48. Gilerson A, Zhou J, Hlaing S, Ioannou I, Schalles J, et al. 2008b. Fluorescence component in the reflectance spectra from coastal waters. II. Performance of retrieval algorithms. Opt. Express 16(4):2446-60 (Pubitemid 351293465)
49. Goes JI, Gomes HDR, Limsakul A, Saino T. 2004. The influence of large-scale environmental changes on carbon export in the North Pacific Ocean using satellite and shipboard data. Deep-Sea Res. II 51(1-3):247-79 (Pubitemid 38791453)
50. Goes JI, Saino T, Oaku H, Ishizaka J, Wong CS, et al. 2000. Basin scale estimates of sea surface nitrate and new production from remotely sensed sea surface temperature and chlorophyll. Geophys. Res. Lett.27(9):1263-66 (Pubitemid 32040556)
51. Goes JI, Saino T, Oaku H, Jiang DL. 1999. A method for estimating sea surface nitrate concentrations from remotely sensed SST and chlorophyll a-Acase study for the North Pacific Ocean using OCTS/ADEOS data. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 37:1633-44
52. Goes JI, Thoppil PG, do R Gomes H, Fasullo JT. 2005. Warming of the Eurasian landmass is making the Arabian Sea more productive. Science 308:545-47 (Pubitemid 40570583)
53. Gordon HR, Boyton GC, Balch WM, Groom SB, Harbour DS, et al. 2001. Retrieval of coccolithophore calcite concentration from SeaWiFS imagery. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28(8):1587-90 (Pubitemid 32575987)
54. Gordon HR, Clark DK, Brown JW, Brown OB, Evans RH, et al. 1983. Phytoplankton pigment concentrations in the Middle Atlantic Bight: comparison of ship determinations and CZCS estimates. Appl. Opt. 22:20-36
55. Gordon HR, Du T, Zhang T. 1997. Remote sensing of ocean color and aerosol properties: resolving the issue of aerosol absorption. Appl. Opt. 36:8670-84 (Pubitemid 28504583)
56. Gordon HR, Wang W. 1994. Retrieval of water-leaving radiance and aerosol optical thickness over the oceans with SeaWiFS: a preliminary algorithm. Appl. Opt. 33(3):443-52
57. Gregg WW, Casey NW, McClain CR. 2005. Recent trends in global ocean chlorophyll. Geophys. Res. Lett. 32:L03606
58. Gregg WW, Casey NW. 2004. Global and regional evaluation of the SeaWiFS chlorophyll data set. Remote Sens. Environ. 93:463-79 (Pubitemid 39444374)
59. Gregg WW, Casey NW. 2007. Modeling coccolithophores in the global oceans. Deep-Sea Res. II 54:447-77 (Pubitemid 46783459)
60. Gregg WW, Conkright ME, Ginoux P, O'Reilly JE, Casey NW. 2003a. Ocean primary production and climate: global decadal changes. Geophys. Res. Lett. 30(15):1809
61. Gregg WW, Conkright ME. 2002. Decadal changes in global ocean chlorophyll. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29(15):1730
62. Gregg WW, Ginoux P, Schopf PS, Casey NW. 2003b. Phytoplankton and iron: validation of a global threedimensional ocean biogeochemical model. Deep-Sea Res. II 50:3143-69 (Pubitemid 37537792)
63. Gregg WW. 2008. Assimilation of SeaWiFS ocean chlorophyll data into a three-dimensional global ocean model. J. Mar. Sys. 69:205-25 (Pubitemid 350166855)
64. Hoge FE, Lyon PE. 2002. Satellite observation of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) variability in the wake of hurricanes and typhoons. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29(19):1908
65. Hoge FE, Wright W, Lyon PE, Swift RN, Yungel JK. 1999. Satellite retrieval of inherent optical properties by inversion of an oceanic radiance model: a preliminary algorithm. Appl. Opt. 38(3):495-504
66. Hooker S, Zibordi G. 2005. Platform perturbations in above-water radiometry. Appl. Opt. 44(4):553-67 (Pubitemid 40206891)
67. Hooker SB, Lazin G, Zibordi G, McLean S. 2002. An evaluation of above- and in-water methods for determining water-leaving radiances. J. Atmos Oceanic Tech. 19:486-515 (Pubitemid 34577538)
68. Hooker SB, Maritorena S. 2000. An evaluation of oceanographic radiometers and deployment methodologies. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech. 17:811-30 (Pubitemid 30617272)
69. Hooker SB, McClain CR. 2000. The calibration and validation of SeaWiFS data. Prog. Oceanogr. 45:427-65 (Pubitemid 30329557)
70. Hooker SB, Morel A. 2003. Platform and environmental effects on above-water determination of water-leaving radiances. J. Atmos Oceanic Tech. 20:187-205 (Pubitemid 37164272)
71. Hu C, Lee Z, Muller-Karger FE, Carder KL, Walsh JJ. 2006. Ocean color reveals phase shift between marine plants and yellow substance. IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. 3(2):262-66.
72. Hu C, Luerssen R, Muller-Karger FE, Carder KL, Heil CA. 2008. On the remote monitoring of Karenia brevis blooms of the west Florida shelf. Cont. Shelf Res. 28:159-176 (Pubitemid 350296543)
73. Iida T, Saitoh SI, Miyamura T, Toratani M, Fukashima H, et al. 2002. Temporal and spatial variability of coccolithophore blooms in the eastern Bering Sea, 1998-2001. Prog. Oceanogr. 55:165-75 (Pubitemid 35249681)
74. IOCCG. 2000. Remote Sensing of Ocean Colour in Coastal, and Other Optically-Complex, Waters. Rep. No. 3, ed. S Sathyendranath. Dartmouth, Can.
75. Ishizaka J. 1990. Coupling of coastal zone color scanner data to a physical-biological model of the southeastern U.S. continental shelf ecosystem. 3. Nutrient and phytoplankton fluxes and CZCS data assimilation. J. Geophys. Res. 95(C11):20201-12
76. Kahru M, Mitchell BG. 1998. Spectral reflectance and absorption of a massive red tide off southern California. J. Geophys. Res. 103(C10):21601-09
77. Kahru M, Mitchell BG. 2000. Influence of the 1997-98 El Niño on the surface chlorophyll in the California current. Geophys. Res. Lett. 27(18):2837-940
78. Killworth PD. 2004. Comment on "Oceanic Rossby waves acting as a 'Hay Rake' for ecosystem floating by-products." Science 304:390b Killworth PD, Cipollini P, Uz BM, Blundell JR. 2004. Physical and biological mechanisms for planetary waves observed in satellite-derived chlorophyll. J. Geophys. Res. 109:C07002
79. Killworth PD, Cipollini P, Uz BM, Blundell JR. 2004. Physical and biological mechanisms for planetary waves observed in satellite-derived chlorophyll. J. Geophys. Res. 109:C07002
80. Lavender SJ, PinkertonMH, Moore GF, Aiken J, Blondeau-Patissier D. 2005. Modification to the atmospheric correction of SeaWiFS ocean colour images over turbid waters. Cont. Shelf Res. 25:539-55 (Pubitemid 40172049)
81. Laws EA, Falkowski FP, Smith WO Jr, Ducklow H, McCarthy JJ. 2000. Temperature effects on export production in the open ocean. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 14(4):1231-46 (Pubitemid 32281836)
82. Leonard CL, McClain CR. 1996. Assessment of interannual variation (1979-1986) in pigment concentrations in the tropical Pacific using the CZCS. Int. J. Remote Sens. 17(4):721-32
83. Loisel H, Nicolas J-M, Deschamps P-Y, Froun R. 2002. Seasonal and interannual variability of particulate organic matter in the global ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29(24):2196
84. Loisel H, Nicolas J-M, Sciandra A, Stramski D, Poteau A. 2006. Spectral dependency of optical backscattering by marine particles from satellite remote sensing of the global ocean. J. Geophys Res. 111:C09024
85. Lutz MJ, Caldeira K, Dunbar RB, Behrenfeld MJ. 2007. Seasonal rhythms of net primary production and particulate organic carbon flux to depth describe the efficiency of biological pump in global ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 112:C10011
86. Magnuson A, Harding LWJr, Mallonee ME, Adolf JE. 2004. Bio-optical model for Chesapeake Bay and the Middle Atlantic Bight. Estuarine, Coastal Shelf Sci. 61:403-24 (Pubitemid 39366775)
87. Maritorena S, Siegel DA, Peterson AR. 2002. Optimization of a semianalytical ocean color model for globalscale applications. Appl. Opt. 41:2705-14 (Pubitemid 34771729)
88. Marrari M, Hu C, Daly K. 2006. Validation of SeaWiFS chlorophyll a concentrations in the Southern Ocean: a revisit. Remote Sens. Environ. 105:367-75 (Pubitemid 44779692)
89. McClain C, Hooker S, Feldman G, Bontempi P. 2006. Satellite data for ocean biology, biogeochemistry and climate research. Eos, Trans. Am. Geophys. U. 87(34):337
90. McClain CR, Christian JR, Signorini SR, Lewis MR, Asanuma I, et al. 2002. Satellite ocean-color observations of the tropical Pacific Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. II 49:2522-60
91. McClain CR, Feldman GC, Hooker SB. 2004a. An overview of the SeaWiFS Project and strategies for producing a climate research quality global ocean bio-optical time series. Deep-Sea Res. II 51(1-3):5-42 (Pubitemid 38791439)
92. McClain CR, Signorini SR, Christian JR. 2004b. Subtropical gyre variability observed by ocean color. Deep-Sea Res. II 51(1-3):281-301 (Pubitemid 38791454)
93. McGillicuddy DJ Jr, Anderson LA, Bates NR, Biddy T, Buesseler KO, et al. 2007. Eddy/wind interactions stimulate extraordinary mid-ocean plankton blooms. Science 316:1021-26 (Pubitemid 46799488)
94. McGillicuddy DJ Jr, Kosnyrev VK, Ryan JP, Yoder JA. 2001. Covariation of mesoscale ocean color and sea-surface temperature patterns in the Sargasso Sea. Deep-Sea Res II 48:1823-36 (Pubitemid 32434577)
95. Meister G, Abel P, Barnes R, Cooper J, Davis C, et al. 2003. Comparison of spectral radiance calibrations at oceanographic and atmospheric research laboratories. Meterologia 40:S93-96
96. Mishnov AV, Gardner WD, Richardson MJ. 2003. Remote sensing and surface POC concentration in the South Atlantic. Deep-Sea Res. II 50:2997-3015 (Pubitemid 37537785)
97. Mitchell BG. 1994. Coastal zone color scanner retrospective. J. Geophys. Res. 99:7291-92
98. Mitchell BG, Holm-Hansen O. 1991. Bio-optical properties of Antarctic Peninsula waters: differentiation from temperate ocean models. Deep-Sea Res. 38:1009-28
99. Moore JK, Abbott MR. 2000. Phytoplankton chlorophyll distributions and primary production in the Southern Ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 105(C12):28709-22 (Pubitemid 32180564)
100. Moore JK, Abbott MR, Richman JG, Smith WO, Cowles TJ, et al. 1999. SeaWiFS satellite ocean color data from the Southern Ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett. 26(10):1465-68 (Pubitemid 29483590)
101. Morel A, Antoine D, Gentilli B. 2002. Bidirectional reflectance of oceanic waters: accounting for Raman emission and varying particle scattering phase function. Appl. Opt. 41(30):6289-306 (Pubitemid 35344736)
102. Morel A, Huot Y, Gentili B, Werdell PJ, Hooker SB, et al. 2007. Examining the consistency of products derived from various ocean sensors in open ocean (Case 1) waters in the perspective of a multi-sensor approach. Remote Sens. Environ. 111:69-88 (Pubitemid 47449704)
103. Moulin C, Gordon HR, Chomko RM, Banzon VF, Evans RH. 2001. Atmospheric correction of ocean color imagery through thick layers of Saharan dust. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28(1):5-8
104. Muller-Karger FE, Varela R, Thunell R, Luerssen R, HuC, et al. 2005. The importance of continental margins in the global carbon cycle. Geophys. Res. Lett. 32:L01602
105. Murakami H, Ishizaka J, Kawamura H. 2000. ADEOS observations of chlorophyll a concentration, sea surface temperature, and wind stress change in the equatorial Pacific during the 1997 El Niño. J. Geophys. Res. 105(C8):19551-59
106. Murtugudde RG, Signorini SR, Christian JR, Busalacchi AJ, McClain CR, et al. 1999. Ocean color variability of the tropical Indo-Pacific basin observed by SeaWiFS during 1997-1998. J. Geophys. Res. 104(C8):18351-66
107. Natvik L-J, Evensen G. 2003a. Assimilation of ocean colour data into a biochemical model of the North Atlantic Part 1. Data assimilation experiments. J. Mar. Sys. 40-41:127-53 (Pubitemid 36530913)
108. Natvik L-J, Evensen G. 2003b. Assimilation of ocean colour data into a biochemical model of the North Atlantic Part 2. Statistical analysis. J. Mar. Sys. 40-41:155-69 (Pubitemid 36530914)
109. Nerger L, Gregg WW. 2007. Assimilation of SeaWiFS data into a global ocean-biogeochemical model using a local SEIK filter. J. Mar. Sys. 68:237-54 (Pubitemid 47575875)
110. Nobileau D, Antoine D. 2005. Detection of blue-absorbing aerosols using near infrared and visible (ocean color) remote sensing observations. Remote Sens. Environ. 95:368-87 (Pubitemid 40406114)
111. Obata A, Ishizaka J, Endoh M. 1996. Global verification of critical depth theory for phytoplankton bloom with climatological in situ temperature and satellite ocean color data. J. Geophys. Res. 101(C9):20657-67
112. O'Reilly, JE, Maritorena S, Mitchell BG, Siegel DA, Carder KL, et al. 1998. Ocean color chlorophyll algorithms for SeaWiFS. J. Geophys. Res. 103(C11):24937-53
113. Paláez J. 1987. Satellite images of a "red tide" episode off Southern California. Oceanologica Acta 10(4):403-10
114. Polovina JJ, Howell EA, Abecassis M. 2008. Ocean's least productive waters are expanding. Geophys. Res. Lett. 35:L03618
115. Raitsos DE, Lavender SJ, Pradhan Y, Tyrrell T, Reid PC, et al. 2006. Coccolithophore bloom size variation in response to regional environment of subarctic North Atlantic. Limnol. Oceanogr. 51(5):2122-30 (Pubitemid 44520909)
116. Ryan JP, Polito PS, Strutton PG, Chavez FP. 2002. Unusual large-scale phytoplankton blooms in the equatorial Pacific. Prog. Oceanogr. 55:263-85 (Pubitemid 35456893)
117. Siegel DA, Court DB, Menzies DW, Peterson P, Maritorena S, et al. 2008. Satellite and in situ observations of the bio-optical signatures of two mesoscale eddies in the Sargasso Sea. Deep-Sea Res II 55:1218-30
118. Siegel DA, Doney SC, Yoder JA. 2002a. The North Atlantic spring phytoplankton bloom and Sverdrup's critical depth hypothesis. Science 296:730-33 (Pubitemid 34441999)
119. Siegel DA, Maritorena SA, Nelson NB, Behrenfeld MJ. 2005a. Independence and interdependencies of global ocean color properties: reassessing the bio-optical assumption. J. Geophys. Res. 110:C07011
120. Siegel DA, Maritorena S, Nelson NB, Behrenfeld MJ, McClain CR. 2005b. Colored dissolved organic matter and its influence on the satellite-based characterization of the ocean biosphere. Geophys. Res. Lett. 32:L20605
121. Siegel DA, Maritorena S, Nelson NB, Hansell DA, Lorenzi-Kayser M. 2002b. Global distribution and dynamics of color dissolved and detrital organic materials. J. Geophys. Res. 107(C12):3228
122. Siegel DA, WangW, Maritorena S, Robinson R. 2000. Atmospheric correction of satellite ocean color imagery: the black pixel assumption. Appl. Opt. 39:3582-91
123. Signorini SR, Garcia VT, Piola AR, Garcia CAE, Mata MM, et al. 2006. Seasonal and interannual variability of calcite in the vicinity of the Patagonian shelf break (38.S.52.S). Geophys. Res. Lett. 33:L16610
124. Siswanto E, Ishizaka J, Yokouchi K, Tanabe K, Tan CK. 2007. Estimation of interannual and interdecadal variations of typhoon-induced primary production: A case study for the outer shelf of the East China Sea. Geophys. Res. Lett. 34:L03604
125. Smyth TJ, Tyrrell T, Tarrant B. 2004. Time series of coccolithophore activity in the Barents Sea, from twenty years of satellite imagery. Geophys. Res. Lett. 31:L11302
126. Stramska M, Stramski D. 2005. Variability of particulate organic carbon concentration in the north polar Atlantic based on ocean color observations with sea-viewing wide field-of-view sensor (SeaWiFS). J. Geophys. Res. 110:C10018
127. Stramski D, Reynolds RA, Babin M, Kaczmarek S, Lewis MR, et al. 2008. Relationships between the surface concentration of particulate organic carbon and optical properties in the eastern South Pacific and eastern Atlantic Oceans. Biogeosciences 5:171-201 (Pubitemid 351269939)
128. Stramski D, Reynolds RA, Kahru M, Mitchell BG. 1999. Estimation of particulate organic carbon in the ocean from satellite remote sensing. Science 285:239-42 (Pubitemid 29329993)
129. Strutton PG, Ryan JP, Chavez FP. 2001. Enhanced chlorophyll associated with tropical instability waves in the equatorial Pacific. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28(10):2005.8 (Pubitemid 34039403)
130. Stumpf RP, Culver ME, Tester PA, Tomlinson M, Kirkpatrick GJ, et al. 2003. Monitoring Karenia brevis blooms in the Gulf of Mexico using satellite ocean color imagery and other data. Harmful Algae 2:147-60 (Pubitemid 37379199)
131. Stumpf RP, Tomlinson MC. 2005. Remote sensing of harmful algal blooms. In Remote Sensing of Coastal Aquatic Environments, ed. RL Miller, CE Del Castillo, BA McKee, pp. 277.96. AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer. 347 pp.
132. Subramaniam A, Brown CW, Hood RR, Carpenter EJ, Capone DG. 2002. Detecting Trichodesmium blooms in SeaWiFS imagery. Deep-Sea Res. II 49:107-21 (Pubitemid 34045571)
133. Subramaniam A, Carpenter EJ, Falkowski PG. 1999b. Bio-optical properties of the marine diazotrophic cyanobacteria Trichodesmium spp. II. A reflectance model for remote sensing. Limnol. Oceanogr. 44(3):618-27 (Pubitemid 29233654)
134. Subramaniam A, Carpenter EJ, Karentz D, Falkowski PG. 1999a. Bio-optical properties of the marine diazotrophic cyanobacteria Trichodesmium spp. I. Absorption and photosynthetic action spectra. Limnol. Oceanogr. 44(3):608.17 (Pubitemid 29233653)
135. Sverdrup HU. 1953. On conditions for the veral blooming of phytoplankton. J. Cons. Couseil Int. l'Exploration Mer 18:287-95
136. Tjiputra JF, Polzin D, Winguth AME. 2007. Assimilation of seasonal chlorophyll and nutrient data into an adjoint three-dimensional ocean carbon cycle model: Sensitivity analysis and ecosystem parameter optimization. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 21:GB1001
137. Tomlinson MC, Stumpf RP, Ransibrahmanakul V, Truby EW, Kirkpatrick GJ, et al. 2004. Evaluation of the use of SeaWiFS imagery for detecting Karenia brevis harmful algal blooms in the eastern Gulf of Mexico. Remote Sens. Environ. 91:293-303 (Pubitemid 38791549)
138. Uitz J, Claustre H, Morel A, Hooker SB. 2006. Vertical distribution of phytoplankton communities in open ocean: An assessment based on surface chlorophyll. J. Geophys. Res. 111:C08005
139. Uz BM, Yoder JA, Osychny V. 2001. Pumping of nutrients to ocean surface waters by the action of propagating planetary waves. Nature 409:597-600 (Pubitemid 32154807)
140. Uz M, Yoder JA. 2004. High frequency and mesoscale variability in SeaWiFS chlorophyll imagery and its relation to other remotely sensed oceanographic variables. Deep-Sea Res. II 51:1001-17 (Pubitemid 39526909)
141. Vance TC, Schumacher JD, Stabeno PJ, Baier CT, Wyllie-Echeverria T, et al. 1998. Aquamarine waters recorded for first time in eastern Bering Sea. Eos. Trans. Am. Geophys. U. 79(10):121
142. Wang M, Shi W. 2005. Estimation of ocean contribution at the MODIS near-infrared wavelengths along the east coast of the U.S.: Two case studies. Geophys. Res. Lett. 32:L13606
143. Werdell PJ, Bailey SW. 2005. An improved in-situ bio-optical data set for ocean color algorithm development and satellite data product validation. Remote Sens. Environ. 98:122-40 (Pubitemid 41262488)
144. Westberry TK, Siegel DA, Subramaniam A. 2005. An improved bio-optical model for the remote sensing of Trichodesmium spp. blooms. J. Geophys. Res. 110:C06012
145. Westberry TK, Siegel DA. 2006. Spatial and temporal distribution of Trichodesmium blooms in the world's oceans. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 20:GB4016
146. Westberry TK, Behrenfeld MJ, Siegel DA, Boss E. 2008. Carbon-based primary productivity modeling with vertically resolved photoacclimation. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 22:GB2024
147. Wilson C, Adamec D. 2001. Correlations between surface chlorophyll and sea surface height in the tropical Pacific during the 1997-1998 El Niño-Southern Oscillation event. J. Geophys. Res. 106(C12):31175-88
148. Wilson C, Adamec D. 2002. A global view of bio-physical coupling from SeaWiFS and TOPEX satellite data, 1997-2001. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29(8):1257
149. Wilson C, Coles VJ. 2005. Global climatological relationships between satellite biological and physical observations and upper ocean properties. J. Geophys. Res. 110:C10001
150. Wynne TT, Stumpf RP, Tomlinson MC, Ransibrahmanakul V, Vallareal TA. 2005. Detecting Karenia brevis blooms and algal resuspension in the western Gulf of Mexico with satellite ocean color imagery. Harmful Algae 4:992-1003 (Pubitemid 41562265)
151. Yoder JA, Kennelly MA. 2003. Seasonal and ENSO variability in global ocean phytoplankton chlorophyll derived from 4 years of SeaWiFS measurements. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 17(4):1112
152. Yoder JA, Kennelly MA. 2006. What have we learned about ocean variability from satellite ocean color imagers? Oceanogr 19(1):152-71
153. Zibordi G, Mélin F, Hooker SB, D'Alimonte D, Holben B. 2004. An autonomous above-water system for the validation of ocean color radiance data. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 42(2):401-15
154. Zibordi G, Mélin F, Berthon J-F. 2006. Comparison of SeaWiFS, MODIS and MERIS radiometric products at a coastal site. Geophys. Res. Lett. 33:L06617