Antizyme and antizyme inhibitor, a regulatory tango

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences

Volumn 66, Issue 15, 2009, Pages 2479-2488

  Kahana, Chaim ^a  

^a WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE   (Israel)

Author keywords

Antizyme; Antizyme inhibitor; Cellular proliferation; Cellular transformation; Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC); Polyamines

Indexed keywords

26S PROTEASOME; ANTIZYME; ANTIZYME INHIBITOR; ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE; POLYAMINE; PROTEASOME; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME BINDING; ENZYME DEGRADATION; NONHUMAN; PROTEIN DEGRADATION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN PROTEIN INTERACTION; REVIEW;

ANIMALS; CARRIER PROTEINS; CELL PROLIFERATION; CELL TRANSFORMATION, NEOPLASTIC; ENZYME INHIBITORS; HUMANS; ISOENZYMES; ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE; POLYAMINES; PROTEINS;

EID: 67650815445     PISSN: 1420682X     EISSN: 15691632     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00018-009-0033-3     Document Type: Review

References (115)

1. AC Childs DJ Mehta EW Gerner 2003 Polyamine-dependent gene expression Cell Mol Life Sci 60 1394 1406
2. LJ Marton AE Pegg 1995 Polyamines as targets for therapeutic intervention Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 35 55 91
3. AE Pegg DJ Feith 2007 Polyamines and neoplastic growth Biochem Soc Trans 35 295 299
4. AE Pegg DJ Feith LY Fong CS Coleman TG O'Brien LM Shantz 2003 Transgenic mouse models for studies of the role of polyamines in normal, hypertrophic and neoplastic growth Biochem Soc Trans 31 356 360
5. EW Gerner FL Meyskens Jr 2004 Polyamines and cancer: old molecules, new understanding Nat Rev Cancer 4 781 792
6. AE Pegg 1988 Polyamine metabolism and its importance in neoplastic growth and a target for chemotherapy Cancer Res 48 759 774
7. CW Tabor H Tabor 1976 1,4-Diaminobutane (putrescine), spermidine, and spermine Annu Rev Biochem 45 285 306
8. S Don U Bachrach 1975 Polyamine metabolism in normal and in virus-transformed chick embryo fibroblasts Cancer Res 35 3618 3622
9. AF Gazdar HB Stull LJ Kilton U Bachrach 1976 Increased ornithine decarboxylase activity in murine sarcoma virus infected cells Nature 262 696 698
10. SK Gilmour N Avdalovic T Madara TG O'Brien 1985 Induction of ornithine decarboxylase by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate in hamster fibroblasts. Relationship between levels of enzyme activity, immunoreactive protein, and RNA during the induction process J Biol Chem 260 16439 16444
11. MK Haddox BE Magun DH Russell 1980 Ornithine decarboxylase induction during B1 progression of normal and Rous sarcoma virus-transformed cells Cancer Res 40 604 608
12. E Holtta M Auvinen LC Andersson 1993 Polyamines are essential for cell transformation by pp60v-src: delineation of molecular events relevant for the transformed phenotype J Cell Biol 122 903 914
13. E Holtta L Sistonen K Alitalo 1988 The mechanisms of ornithine decarboxylase deregulation in c-Ha-ras oncogene-transformed NIH 3T3 cells J Biol Chem 263 4500 4507
14. J Janne E Holtta A Kallio K Kapyaho 1983 Role of polyamines and their antimetabolites in clinical medicine Spec Top Endocrinol Metab 5 227 293
15. C Kahana D Nathans 1984 Isolation of cloned cDNA encoding mammalian ornithine decarboxylase Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 81 3645 3649
16. A Katz C Kahana 1989 Rearrangement between ornithine decarboxylase and the switch region of the gamma 1 immunoglobulin gene in alpha- difluoromethylornithine resistant mouse myeloma cells EMBO J 8 1163 1167
17. GD Luk SB Baylin 1984 Ornithine decarboxylase as a biologic marker in familial colonic polyposis N Engl J Med 311 80 83
18. L Sistonen E Holtta TP Makela J Keski-Oja K Alitalo 1989 The cellular response to induction of the p21 c-Ha-ras oncoprotein includes stimulation of jun gene expression EMBO J 8 815 822
19. SH Yuspa U Lichti T Ben E Patterson H Hennings TJ Slaga N Colburn W Kelsey 1976 Phorbol esters stimulate DNA synthesis and ornithine decarboxylase activity in mouse epidermal cell cultures Nature 262 402 404
20. M Auvinen A Paasinen LC Andersson E Holtta 1992 Ornithine decarboxylase activity is critical for cell transformation Nature 360 355 358
21. WF Fong JS Heller ES Canellakis 1976 The appearance of an ornithine decarboxylase inhibitory protein upon the addition of putrescine to cell cultures Biochim Biophys Acta 428 456 465
22. Y Miyazaki S Matsufuji S Hayashi 1992 Cloning and characterization of a rat gene encoding ornithine decarboxylase antizyme Gene 113 191 197
23. E Mamroud-Kidron M Omer-Itsicovich Z Bercovich KE Tobias E Rom C Kahana 1994 A unified pathway for the degradation of ornithine decarboxylase in reticulocyte lysate requires interaction with the polyamine-induced protein, ornithine decarboxylase antizyme Eur J Biochem 226 547 554
24. Y Murakami S Matsufuji T Kameji S Hayashi K Igarashi T Tamura K Tanaka A Ichihara 1992 Ornithine decarboxylase is degraded by the 26S proteasome without ubiquitination Nature 360 597 599
25. K Hoshino E Momiyama K Yoshida K Nishimura S Sakai T Toida K Kashiwagi K Igarashi 2005 Polyamine transport by mammalian cells and mitochondria: role of antizyme and glycosaminoglycans J Biol Chem 280 42801 42808
26. JL Mitchell GG Judd A Bareyal-Leyser SY Ling 1994 Feedback repression of polyamine transport is mediated by antizyme in mammalian tissue-culture cells Biochem J 299 Pt 1 19 22
27. T Suzuki Y He K Kashiwagi Y Murakami S Hayashi K Igarashi 1994 Antizyme protects against abnormal accumulation and toxicity of polyamines in ornithine decarboxylase-overproducing cells Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91 8930 8934
28. K Fujita Y Murakami S Hayashi 1982 A macromolecular inhibitor of the antizyme to ornithine decarboxylase Biochem J 204 647 652
29. S Matsufuji T Matsufuji Y Miyazaki Y Murakami JF Atkins RF Gesteland S Hayashi 1995 Autoregulatory frameshifting in decoding mammalian ornithine decarboxylase antizyme Cell 80 51 60
30. E Rom C Kahana 1994 Polyamines regulate the expression of ornithine decarboxylase antizyme in vitro by inducing ribosomal frame-shifting Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91 3959 3963
31. PV Baranov RF Gesteland JF Atkins 2004 P-site tRNA is a crucial initiator of ribosomal frameshifting RNA 10 221 230
32. IP Ivanov RF Gesteland S Matsufuji JF Atkins 1998 Programmed frameshifting in the synthesis of mammalian antizyme is +1 in mammals, predominantly +1 in fission yeast, but -2 in budding yeast RNA 4 1230 1238
33. RF Gesteland RB Weiss JF Atkins 1992 Recoding: reprogrammed genetic decoding Science 257 1640 1641
34. IP Ivanov JF Atkins 2007 Ribosomal frameshifting in decoding antizyme mRNAs from yeast and protists to humans: close to 300 cases reveal remarkable diversity despite underlying conservation Nucleic Acids Res 35 1842 1858
35. A Gramstat D Prufer W Rohde 1994 The nucleic acid-binding zinc finger protein of potato virus M is translated by internal initiation as well as by ribosomal frameshifting involving a shifty stop codon and a novel mechanism of P-site slippage Nucleic Acids Res 22 3911 3917
36. MT Howard BH Shirts J Zhou CL Carlson S Matsufuji RF Gesteland RS Weeks JF Atkins 2001 Cell culture analysis of the regulatory frameshift event required for the expression of mammalian antizymes Genes Cells 6 931 941
37. IP Ivanov RF Gesteland JF Atkins 1998 A second mammalian antizyme: conservation of programmed ribosomal frameshifting Genomics 52 119 129
38. IP Ivanov RF Gesteland JF Atkins 2000 Antizyme expression: a subversion of triplet decoding, which is remarkably conserved by evolution, is a sensor for an autoregulatory circuit Nucleic Acids Res 28 3185 3196
39. LM Petros MT Howard RF Gesteland JF Atkins 2005 Polyamine sensing during antizyme mRNA programmed frameshifting Biochem Biophys Res Commun 338 1478 1489
40. RB Weiss DM Dunn JF Atkins RF Gesteland 1987 Slippery runs, shifty stops, backward steps, and forward hops: -2, -1, +1, +2, +5, and +6 ribosomal frameshifting Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 52 687 693
41. JW Harger A Meskauskas JD Dinman 2002 An "integrated model" of programmed ribosomal frameshifting Trends Biochem Sci 27 448 454
42. O Namy A Galopier C Martini S Matsufuji C Fabret JP Rousset 2008 Epigenetic control of polyamines by the prion [PSI(+)] Nat Cell Biol 10 1069 1075
43. F Le Roy T Salehzada C Bisbal JP Dougherty SW Peltz 2005 A newly discovered function for RNase L in regulating translation termination Nat Struct Mol Biol 12 505 512
44. YO Chernoff 2008 Prion: disease or relief? Nat Cell Biol 10 1019 1021
45. JL Mitchell CY Choe GG Judd DJ Daghfal RJ Kurzeja A Leyser 1996 Overproduction of stable ornithine decarboxylase and antizyme in the difluoromethylornithine-resistant cell line DH23b Biochem J 317 Pt 3 811 816
46. JL Mitchell GG Judd 1998 Antizyme modifications affecting polyamine homoeostasis Biochem Soc Trans 26 591 595
47. JL Mitchell GG Judd A Leyser C Choe 1998 Osmotic stress induces variation in cellular levels of ornithine decarboxylase-antizyme Biochem J 329 Pt 3 453 459
48. S Gandre Z Bercovich C Kahana 2003 Mitochondrial localization of antizyme is determined by context-dependent alternative utilization of two AUG initiation codons Mitochondrion 2 245 256
49. N Murai Y Murakami S Matsufuji 2003 Identification of nuclear export signals in antizyme-1 J Biol Chem 278 44791 44798
50. A Gritli-Linde J Nilsson YM Bohlooly O Heby A Linde 2001 Nuclear translocation of antizyme and expression of ornithine decarboxylase and antizyme are developmentally regulated Dev Dyn 220 259 275
51. RG Schipper VM Cuijpers LH De Groot M Thio AA Verhofstad 2004 Intracellular localization of ornithine decarboxylase and its regulatory protein, antizyme-1 J Histochem Cytochem 52 1259 1266
52. JS Heller WF Fong ES Canellakis 1976 Induction of a protein inhibitor to ornithine decarboxylase by the end products of its reaction Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 73 1858 1862
53. CS Coleman BA Stanley R Viswanath AE Pegg 1994 Rapid exchange of subunits of mammalian ornithine decarboxylase J Biol Chem 269 3155 3158
54. Y Rosenberg-Hasson Z Bercovich C Kahana 1991 cis-recognition and degradation of ornithine decarboxylase subunits in reticulocyte lysate Biochem J 277 Pt 3 683 685
55. L Ghoda MA Phillips KE Bass CC Wang P Coffino 1990 Trypanosome ornithine decarboxylase is stable because it lacks sequences found in the carboxyl terminus of the mouse enzyme which target the latter for intracellular degradation J Biol Chem 265 11823 11826
56. L Ghoda T van Daalen Wetters M Macrae D Ascherman P Coffino 1989 Prevention of rapid intracellular degradation of ODC by a carboxyl-terminal truncation Science 243 1493 1495
57. X Li P Coffino 1993 Degradation of ornithine decarboxylase: exposure of the C-terminal target by a polyamine-inducible inhibitory protein Mol Cell Biol 13 2377 2383
58. Y Rosenberg-Hasson Z Bercovich C Kahana 1991 Characterization of sequences involved in mediating degradation of ornithine decarboxylase in cells and in reticulocyte lysate Eur J Biochem 196 647 651
59. P Coffino 2001 Regulation of cellular polyamines by antizyme Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2 188 194
60. S Gandre C Kahana 2002 Degradation of ornithine decarboxylase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is ubiquitin independent Biochem Biophys Res Commun 293 139 144
61. Z Porat G Landau Z Bercovich D Krutauz M Glickman C Kahana 2008 Yeast antizyme mediates degradation of yeast ornithine decarboxylase by yeast but not by mammalian proteasome: new insights on yeast antizyme J Biol Chem 283 4528 4534
62. X Li P Coffino 1994 Distinct domains of antizyme required for binding and proteolysis of ornithine decarboxylase Mol Cell Biol 14 87 92
63. P Coffino 2001 Antizyme, a mediator of ubiquitin-independent proteasomal degradation Biochimie 83 319 323
64. X Li B Stebbins L Hoffman G Pratt M Rechsteiner P Coffino 1996 The N terminus of antizyme promotes degradation of heterologous proteins J Biol Chem 271 4441 4446
65. U Mangold 2005 The antizyme family: polyamines and beyond IUBMB Life 57 671 676
66. S Gandre Z Bercovich C Kahana 2002 Ornithine decarboxylase-antizyme is rapidly degraded through a mechanism that requires functional ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic activity Eur J Biochem 269 1316 1322
67. R Palanimurugan H Scheel K Hofmann RJ Dohmen 2004 Polyamines regulate their synthesis by inducing expression and blocking degradation of ODC antizyme EMBO J 23 4857 4867
68. K Sakata K Kashiwagi K Igarashi 2000 Properties of a polyamine transporter regulated by antizyme Biochem J 347 Pt 1 297 303
69. DJ Feith S Origanti PL Shoop S Sass-Kuhn LM Shantz 2006 Tumor suppressor activity of ODC antizyme in MEK-driven skin tumorigenesis Carcinogenesis 27 1090 1098
70. DJ Feith LM Shantz AE Pegg 2001 Targeted antizyme expression in the skin of transgenic mice reduces tumor promoter induction of ornithine decarboxylase and decreases sensitivity to chemical carcinogenesis Cancer Res 61 6073 6081
71. LY Fong DJ Feith AE Pegg 2003 Antizyme overexpression in transgenic mice reduces cell proliferation, increases apoptosis, and reduces N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine-induced forestomach carcinogenesis Cancer Res 63 3945 3954
72. S Iwata Y Sato M Asada M Takagi A Tsujimoto T Inaba T Yamada S Sakamoto J Yata T Shimogori K Igarashi S Mizutai 1999 Anti-tumor activity of antizyme which targets the ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) required for cell growth and transformation Oncogene 18 165 172
73. Y Murakami S Matsufuji Y Miyazaki S Hayashi 1994 Forced expression of antizyme abolishes ornithine decarboxylase activity, suppresses cellular levels of polyamines and inhibits cell growth Biochem J 304 Pt 1 183 187
74. T Tsuji R Todd C Meyer J McBride PH Liao MF Huang MY Chou RB Donoff DT Wong 1998 Reduction of ornithine decarboxylase antizyme (ODC-Az) level in the 7, 12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis model Oncogene 16 3379 3385
75. L Jiang WL Ma J Li YF Peng B Xu WL Zheng 2007 Exogenous antizyme 1 gene transfection inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells in vitro Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 27 1709 1713
76. GY Liu YF Liao PC Hsu WH Chang MC Hsieh CY Lin TC Hour MC Kao GJ Tsay HC Hung 2006 Antizyme, a natural ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor, induces apoptosis of haematopoietic cells through mitochondrial membrane depolarization and caspases' cascade Apoptosis 11 1773 1788
77. C Gruendler Y Lin J Farley T Wang 2001 Proteasomal degradation of Smad1 induced by bone morphogenetic proteins J Biol Chem 276 46533 46543
78. Y Lin J Martin C Gruendler J Farley X Meng BY Li R Lechleider C Huff RH Kim WA Grasser V Paralkar T Wang 2002 A novel link between the proteasome pathway and the signal transduction pathway of the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) BMC Cell Biol 3 15
79. RM Newman A Mobascher U Mangold C Koike S Diah M Schmidt D Finley BR Zetter 2004 Antizyme targets cyclin D1 for degradation. A novel mechanism for cell growth repression J Biol Chem 279 41504 41511
80. SK Lim G Gopalan 2007 Antizyme1 mediates AURKAIP1-dependent degradation of Aurora-A Oncogene 26 6593 6603
81. U Mangold H Hayakawa M Coughlin K Munger BR Zetter 2008 Antizyme, a mediator of ubiquitin-independent proteasomal degradation and its inhibitor localize to centrosomes and modulate centriole amplification Oncogene 27 604 613
82. T Tsuji M Katsurano S Ibaragi K Shima A Sasaki GF Hu 2007 Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme upregulates DNA-dependent protein kinase and enhances the nonhomologous end-joining repair of DNA double-strand breaks in human oral cancer cells Biochemistry 46 8920 8932
83. H Chen A MacDonald P Coffino 2002 Structural elements of antizymes 1 and 2 are required for proteasomal degradation of ornithine decarboxylase J Biol Chem 277 45957 45961
84. C Zhu DW Lang P Coffino 1999 Antizyme2 is a negative regulator of ornithine decarboxylase and polyamine transport J Biol Chem 274 26425 26430
85. Z Snapir A Keren-Paz Z Bercovich C Kahana 2009 Antizyme-3 inhibits polyamine uptake and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity, but does not stimulate ODC degradation Biochem J 419 99 103
86. IP Ivanov A Rohrwasser DA Terreros RF Gesteland JF Atkins 2000 Discovery of a spermatogenesis stage-specific ornithine decarboxylase antizyme: antizyme 3 Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97 4808 4813
87. Y Tosaka H Tanaka Y Yano K Masai M Nozaki K Yomogida S Otani H Nojima Y Nishimune 2000 Identification and characterization of testis specific ornithine decarboxylase antizyme (OAZ-t) gene: expression in haploid germ cells and polyamine-induced frameshifting Genes Cells 5 265 276
88. AJ Lopez-Contreras B Ramos-Molina M Martinez-de-la-Torre C Penafiel-Verdu L Puelles A Cremades R Penafiel 2009 Expression of antizyme inhibitor 2 in male haploid germinal cells suggests a role in spermiogenesis Int J Biochem Cell Biol 41 1070 1078
89. J Zhang Y Wang Y Zhou Z Cao P Huang B Lu 2005 Yeast two-hybrid screens imply that GGNBP1, GGNBP2 and OAZ3 are potential interaction partners of testicular germ cell-specific protein GGN1 FEBS Lett 579 559 566
90. T Kitani H Fujisawa 1989 Purification and characterization of antizyme inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase from rat liver Biochim Biophys Acta 991 44 49
91. Y Murakami S Matsufuji M Nishiyama S Hayashi 1989 Properties and fluctuations in vivo of rat liver antizyme inhibitor Biochem J 259 839 845
92. K Koguchi S Kobayashi T Hayashi S Matsufuji Y Murakami S Hayashi 1997 Cloning and sequencing of a human cDNA encoding ornithine decarboxylase antizyme inhibitor Biochim Biophys Acta 1353 209 216
93. Y Murakami T Ichiba S Matsufuji S Hayashi 1996 Cloning of antizyme inhibitor, a highly homologous protein to ornithine decarboxylase J Biol Chem 271 3340 3342 (Pubitemid 26065634)
94. U Mangold E Leberer 2005 Regulation of all members of the antizyme family by antizyme inhibitor Biochem J 385 21 28
95. S Albeck O Dym T Unger Z Snapir Z Bercovich C Kahana 2008 Crystallographic and biochemical studies revealing the structural basis for antizyme inhibitor function Protein Sci 17 793 802
96. KE Tobias C Kahana 1993 Intersubunit location of the active site of mammalian ornithine decarboxylase as determined by hybridization of site-directed mutants Biochemistry 32 5842 5847
97. X Li P Coffino 1992 Regulated degradation of ornithine decarboxylase requires interaction with the polyamine-inducible protein antizyme Mol Cell Biol 12 3556 3562
98. JJ Almrud MA Oliveira AD Kern NV Grishin MA Phillips ML Hackert 2000 Crystal structure of human ornithine decarboxylase at 2.1 Å resolution: structural insights to antizyme binding J Mol Biol 295 7 16
99. Z Bercovich C Kahana 2004 Degradation of antizyme inhibitor, an ornithine decarboxylase homologous protein, is ubiquitin-dependent and is inhibited by antizyme J Biol Chem 279 54097 54102
100. J Nilsson B Grahn O Heby 2000 Antizyme inhibitor is rapidly induced in growth-stimulated mouse fibroblasts and releases ornithine decarboxylase from antizyme suppression Biochem J 346 Pt 3 699 704
101. MH Jung SC Kim GA Jeon SH Kim Y Kim KS Choi SI Park MK Joe K Kimm 2000 Identification of differentially expressed genes in normal and tumor human gastric tissue Genomics 69 281 286
102. ME Schaner B Davidson M Skrede R Reich VA Florenes B Risberg A Berner I Goldberg V Givant-Horwitz CG Trope GB Kristensen JM Nesland AL Borresen-Dale 2005 Variation in gene expression patterns in effusions and primary tumors from serous ovarian cancer patients Mol Cancer 4 26
103. M van Duin R van Marion K Vissers JE Watson WM van Weerden FH Schroder WC Hop TH van der Kwast C Collins H Van Dekken 2005 High-resolution array comparative genomic hybridization of chromosome arm 8q: evaluation of genetic progression markers for prostate cancer Genes Chromosomes Cancer 44 438 449
104. A Keren-Paz Z Bercovich Z Porat O Erez O Brener C Kahana 2006 Overexpression of antizyme-inhibitor in NIH3T3 fibroblasts provides growth advantage through neutralization of antizyme functions Oncogene 25 5163 5172
105. SW Kim U Mangold C Waghorne A Mobascher L Shantz J Banyard BR Zetter 2006 Regulation of cell proliferation by the antizyme inhibitor: evidence for an antizyme-independent mechanism J Cell Sci 119 2583 2591
106. KS Choi YH Suh WH Kim TH Lee MH Jung 2005 Stable siRNA-mediated silencing of antizyme inhibitor: regulation of ornithine decarboxylase activity Biochem Biophys Res Commun 328 206 212
107. KJ Svensson JE Welch P Kucharzewska P Bengtson M Bjurberg S Pahlman GB Ten Dam L Persson M Belting 2008 Hypoxia-mediated induction of the polyamine system provides opportunities for tumor growth inhibition by combined targeting of vascular endothelial growth factor and ornithine decarboxylase Cancer Res 68 9291 9301
108. H Tang K Ariki M Ohkido Y Murakami S Matsufuji Z Li K Yamamura 2009 Role of ornithine decarboxylase antizyme inhibitor in vivo Genes Cells 14 79 87
109. AJ Lopez-Contreras C Lopez-Garcia C Jimenez-Cervantes A Cremades R Penafiel 2006 Mouse ornithine decarboxylase-like gene encodes an antizyme inhibitor devoid of ornithine and arginine decarboxylating activity J Biol Chem 281 30896 30906
110. LT Pitkanen M Heiskala LC Andersson 2001 Expression of a novel human ornithine decarboxylase-like protein in the central nervous system and testes Biochem Biophys Res Commun 287 1051 1057
111. K Kanerva LT Makitie A Pelander M Heiskala LC Andersson 2008 Human ornithine decarboxylase paralogue (ODCp) is an antizyme inhibitor but not an arginine decarboxylase Biochem J 409 187 192
112. AJ Lopez-Contreras B Ramos-Molina A Cremades R Penafiel 2008 Antizyme inhibitor 2 (AZIN2/ODCp) stimulates polyamine uptake in mammalian cells J Biol Chem 283 20761 20769
113. Z Snapir A Keren-Paz Z Bercovich C Kahana 2008 ODCp, a brain- and testis-specific ornithine decarboxylase paralogue, functions as an antizyme inhibitor, although less efficiently than AzI1 Biochem J 410 613 619
114. RA Casero Jr LJ Marton 2007 Targeting polyamine metabolism and function in cancer and other hyperproliferative diseases Nat Rev Drug Discov 6 373 390
115. JL Mitchell TK Thane JM Sequeira LJ Marton R Thokala 2007 Antizyme and antizyme inhibitor activities influence cellular responses to polyamine analogs Amino Acids 33 291 297