A reference database for the Stratec XCT-2000 peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) scanner in healthy children and young adults aged 6-19 years

Osteoporosis International

Volumn 20, Issue 8, 2009, Pages 1337-1346

  Ashby, R L ^a   Ward, K A ^a   Roberts, S A ^a   Edwards, L ^a,b   Mughal, M Z ^c   Adams, J E ^a,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL   (United Kingdom)

^c ST MARY S HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^d MANCHESTER ROYAL INFIRMARY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Adolescent; Bone density; Bone development; Child; Reference values; Tomography; X ray computed

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANTHROPOMETRIC PARAMETERS; ARTICLE; BODY HEIGHT; BONE DENSITY; BONE DEVELOPMENT; BONE MINERAL; CAUCASIAN; CHILD; COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCANNER; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; CORTICAL BONE; FEMALE; FOREARM; GEOMETRY; HUMAN; MALE; MEASUREMENT; NORMAL HUMAN; PERIPHERAL QUANTITATIVE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCANNER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIUS; REFERENCE DATABASE; TRABECULAR BONE;

ADOLESCENT; AGING; ANTHROPOMETRY; BONE DENSITY; BONE DEVELOPMENT; CHILD; DATABASES, FACTUAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; RADIUS; REFERENCE VALUES; SEX CHARACTERISTICS; SOCIAL CLASS; TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY COMPUTED; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 67650472416     PISSN: 0937941X     EISSN: 14332965     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00198-008-0800-2     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. TL Binkley BL Specker TA Wittig 2002 Centile curves for bone densitometry measurements in healthy males and females ages 5-22 yr J Clin Densitom 5 343 353 (Pubitemid 36106351)
2. T Fujita Y Fujii B Goto 1999 Measurement of forearm bone in children by peripheral computed tomography Calcif Tissue Int 64 34 39 (Pubitemid 29024626)
3. HM Macdonald SA Kontulainen KJ Mackelvie-O'Brien MA Petit P Janssen KM Khan HA McKay 2005 Maturity- and sex-related changes in tibial bone geometry, strength and bone-muscle strength indices during growth: a 20-month pQCT study Bone 36 1003 1011 (Pubitemid 40798001)
4. L Moyer-Mileur B Xie S Ball C Bainbridge D Stadler WS Jee 2001 Predictors of bone mass by peripheral quantitative computed tomography in early adolescent girls J Clin Densitom 4 313 323 (Pubitemid 34073201)
5. CM Neu F Manz F Rauch A Merkel E Schoenau 2001 Bone densities and bone size at the distal radius in healthy children and adolescents: a study using peripheral quantitative computed tomography Bone 28 227 232 (Pubitemid 32140979)
6. CM Neu F Rauch F Manz E Schoenau 2001 Modeling of cross-sectional bone size, mass and geometry at the proximal radius: a study of normal bone development using peripheral quantitative computed tomography Osteoporos Int 12 538 547 (Pubitemid 32777429)
7. F Rauch C Neu F Manz E Schoenau 2001 The development of metaphyseal cortex-implications for distal radius fractures during growth J Bone Miner Res 16 1547 1555 (Pubitemid 32675207)
8. F Rauch E Schoenau 2005 Peripheral quantitative computed tomography of the distal radius in young subjects-new reference data and interpretation of results J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 5 119 126 (Pubitemid 41419017)
9. E Schoenau CM Neu F Rauch F Manz 2001 The development of bone strength at the proximal radius during childhood and adolescence J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86 613 618 (Pubitemid 32207468)
10. Q Wang M Alen P Nicholson A Lyytikainen M Suuriniemi E Helkala H Suominen S Cheng 2005 Growth patterns at distal radius and tibial shaft in pubertal girls: a 2-year longitudinal study J Bone Miner Res 20 954 961 (Pubitemid 40712819)
11. S Bechtold P Ripperger W Bonfig RD Pozza R Haefner HP Schwarz 2005 Growth hormone changes bone geometry and body composition in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis requiring glucocorticoid treatment: a controlled study using peripheral quantitative computed tomography J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90 3168 3173 (Pubitemid 41014270)
12. T Binkley J Johnson L Vogel H Kecskemethy R Henderson B Specker 2005 Bone measurements by peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) in children with cerebral palsy J Pediatr 147 791 796 (Pubitemid 41774835)
13. BM Brennan Z Mughal SA Roberts K Ward SM Shalet TO Eden AM Will RF Stevens JE Adams 2005 Bone mineral density in childhood survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated without cranial irradiation J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90 689 694 (Pubitemid 40279180)
14. J Heap MA Murray SC Miller T Jalili LJ Moyer-Mileur 2004 Alterations in bone characteristics associated with glycemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus J Pediatr 144 56 62 (Pubitemid 38091422)
15. LJ Moyer-Mileur SB Dixon JL Quick EW Askew MA Murray 2004 Bone mineral acquisition in adolescents with type 1 diabetes J Pediatr 145 662 669 (Pubitemid 39440947)
16. JL Quick KA Ward JE Adams MZ Mughal 2006 Cortical bone geometry in asthmatic children Arch Dis Child 91 346 348
17. F Rauch C Land S Cornibert E Schoenau FH Glorieux 2005 High and low density in the same bone: a study on children and adolescents with mild osteogenesis imperfecta Bone 37 634 641 (Pubitemid 41476385)
18. SM Reilly G Hambleton JE Adams MZ Mughal 2001 Bone density in asthmatic children treated with inhaled corticosteroids Arch Dis Child 84 183 184 (Pubitemid 32150341)
19. J Roth C Palm I Scheunemann MB Ranke R Schweizer GE Dannecker 2004 Musculoskeletal abnormalities of the forearm in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis relate mainly to bone geometry Arthritis Rheum 50 1277 1285 (Pubitemid 38480839)
20. B Schwahn F Rauch U Wendel E Schonau 2002 Low bone mass in glycogen storage disease type 1 is associated with reduced muscle force and poor metabolic control J Pediatr 141 350 356 (Pubitemid 35041924)
21. R Schweizer DD Martin CP Schwarze G Binder A Georgiadou J Ihle MB Ranke 2003 Cortical bone density is normal in prepubertal children with growth hormone (GH) deficiency, but initially decreases during GH replacement due to early bone remodeling J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88 5266 5272 (Pubitemid 37452726)
22. K Engelke CC Gluer 2006 Quality and performance measures in bone densitometry: part 1: errors and diagnosis Osteoporos Int 17 1283 1292
23. V Gilsanz 1998 Bone density in children: a review of the available techniques and indications Eur J Radiol 26 177 182 (Pubitemid 28078983)
24. E Schoenau CM Neu B Beck F Manz F Rauch 2002 Bone mineral content per muscle cross-sectional area as an index of the functional muscle-bone unit J Bone Miner Res 17 1095 1101 (Pubitemid 34535148)
25. Schiessl H, Ferretti J, Tysarczyk-Niemeyer G, Willnecker J (1996) Noninvasive bone strength index as analyzed by peripheral computed tomography (pQCT). In: Schoenau E (ed) Paediatric osteology: new developments in diagnostics and therapy. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, pp 141-146
26. Burr DB, Turner CH (2003) Biomechanics of bone. In: Favus MJ (ed) Primer on the metabolic bone diseases and disorders of mineral metabolism. The American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, Philadelphia, pp 58-64
27. National Osteoporosis Society (2004) A practical guide to bone densitometry in children. Camerton, Bath, UK
28. Watson SJ, Jones AL, Oatway WB, Hughes JS (2005) Ionising radiation exposure of the UK Population: 2005 review. Health Protection Agency Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Radiation Protection Division, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK
29. B Lettgen U Neudorf R Hosse S Peters C Reiners 1996 Bone density in children and adolescents with rheumatic diseases. Preliminary results of selective measurement of trabecular and cortical bone using peripheral computerized tomography Klin Padiatr 208 114 117 (Pubitemid 26176825)
30. B Zemel S Bass T Binkley G Ducher H Macdonald H McKay L Moyer-Mileur J Shepherd B Specker K Ward D Hans 2008 Peripheral quantitative computed tomography in children and adolescents: the 2007 ISCD Pediatric Official Positions J Clin Densitom 11 59 74 (Pubitemid 351602188)
31. LJ Moyer-Mileur JL Quick MA Murray 2008 Peripheral quantitative computed tomography of the tibia: pediatric reference values J Clin Densitom 11 283 294
32. KA Ward RL Ashby SA Roberts JE Adams M Zulf Mughal 2007 UK reference data for the Hologic QDR Discovery dual-energy x ray absorptiometry scanner in healthy children and young adults aged 6-17 years Arch Dis Child 92 53 59 (Pubitemid 46132935)
33. P Phillimore A Beattie P Townsend 1994 Widening inequality of health in northern England, 1981-91 BMJ 308 1125 1128 (Pubitemid 24130972)
34. Census Dissemination Unit (2001) Census Aggregate Outputs [Online] Available: http://www.census.ac.uk/cdu/2001/ [Accessed August 2005]
35. TJ Cole JV Freeman MA Preece 1995 Body mass index reference curves for the UK, 1990 Arch Dis Child 73 25 29
36. JV Freeman TJ Cole S Chinn PR Jones EM White MA Preece 1995 Cross sectional stature and weight reference curves for the UK, 1990 Arch Dis Child 73 17 24
37. Stratec Medizintechnik GmbH (2004) XCT 2000 Manual Software Version 5.50
38. TJ Cole PJ Green 1992 Smoothing reference centile curves: the LMS method and penalized likelihood Stat Med 11 1305 1319
39. Ashby RL (2006) Growth and development of the skeleton in normal children. Unpublished PhD thesis, The University of Manchester
40. CW Slemenda TK Reister SL Hui JZ Miller JC Christian CC Johnston Jr 1994 Influences on skeletal mineralization in children and adolescents: evidence for varying effects of sexual maturation and physical activity J Pediatr 125 201 207 (Pubitemid 24252998)
41. MB Leonard J Shults DM Elliott VA Stallings BS Zemel 2004 Interpretation of whole body dual energy X-ray absorptiometry measures in children: comparison with peripheral quantitative computed tomography Bone 34 1044 1052 (Pubitemid 38749243)
42. KA Ward JE Adams TN Hangartner 2005 Recommendations for thresholds for cortical bone geometry and density measurement by peripheral quantitative computed tomography Calcif Tissue Int 77 275 280 (Pubitemid 41704905)
43. TP van Staa N Bishop HG Leufkens C Cooper 2004 Are inhaled corticosteroids associated with an increased risk of fracture in children? Osteoporos Int 15 785 791 (Pubitemid 39361948)
44. ME Muller CE Webber ML Bouxsein 2003 Predicting the failure load of the distal radius Osteoporos Int 14 345 352 (Pubitemid 40824252)
45. Wilhelm G, Felsenberg D, Bogusch G, Willnecker J, Thaten J, Gummert P (1999) Biomechanical examinations for validation of the bone strength strain index SSI, calculated by peripheral quantitative computed tomography. In: Lyritis GP (ed) Musculoskeletal interactions II. Hylonome, Athens, pp 105-108
46. T Horikoshi N Endo T Uchiyama T Tanizawa HE Takahashi 1999 Peripheral quantitative computed tomography of the femoral neck in 60 Japanese women Calcif Tissue Int 65 447 453
47. C Di Leo GL Tarolo B Bagni A Bestetti L Tagliabue L Pietrogrande L Pepe 2002 Peripheral quantitative Computed Tomography (PQCT) in the evaluation of bone geometry, biomechanics and mineral density in postmenopausal women Radiol Med (Torino) 103 233 241
48. O Fricke Z Sumnik B Tutlewski A Stabrey T Remer E Schoenau 2008 Local body composition is associated with gender differences of bone development at the forearm in puberty Horm Res 70 105 111
49. H Macdonald S Kontulainen M Petit P Janssen H McKay 2006 Bone strength and its determinants in pre- and early pubertal boys and girls Bone 39 598 608 (Pubitemid 44164639)
50. J Roth M Linge N Tzaribachev R Schweizer J Kuemmerle-Deschner 2007 Musculoskeletal abnormalities in juvenile idiopathic arthritis-a 4-year longitudinal study Rheumatology (Oxford) 46 1180 1184 (Pubitemid 47050626)
51. KA Ward SA Roberts JE Adams MZ Mughal 2005 Bone geometry and density in the skeleton of pre-pubertal gymnasts and school children Bone 36 1012 1018 (Pubitemid 40798002)
52. Marjanovic E, Ward K, Adams J (2008) The impact of accurate positioning on measurements made by peripheral QCT in the distal radius. Osteoporos Int [Epub ahead of print], Nov 4
53. F Rauch B Tutlewski O Fricke G Rieger-Wettengl U Schauseil-Zipf P Herkenrath CM Neu E Schoenau 2001 Analysis of cancellous bone turnover by multiple slice analysis at distal radius: a study using peripheral quantitative computed tomography J Clin Densitom 4 257 262 (Pubitemid 32938093)
54. F Rauch R Travers C Munns FH Glorieux 2004 Sclerotic metaphyseal lines in a child treated with pamidronate: histomorphometric analysis J Bone Miner Res 19 1191 1193 (Pubitemid 41110572)
55. JH Davies JW Gregory 2003 Radiographic long bone appearance in a child administered cyclical pamidronate Arch Dis Child 88 854
56. SA Smith BJ Norris 2004 Changes in the body size of UK and US children over the past three decades Ergonomics 47 1195 1207 (Pubitemid 39232679)
57. DR Carter ML Bouxsein R Marcus 1992 New approaches for interpreting projected bone densitometry data J Bone Miner Res 7 137 145
58. C Molgaard BL Thomsen A Prentice TJ Cole KF Michaelsen 1997 Whole body bone mineral content in healthy children and adolescents Arch Dis Child 76 9 15 (Pubitemid 27060484)
59. F Rauch FH Glorieux 2004 Osteogenesis imperfecta Lancet 363 1377 1385 (Pubitemid 38529880)
60. A Boyde R Travers FH Glorieux SJ Jones 1999 The mineralization density of iliac crest bone from children with osteogenesis imperfecta Calcif Tissue Int 64 185 190 (Pubitemid 29107233)
61. F Rauch 2006 Material matters: a mechanostat-based perspective on bone development in osteogenesis imperfecta and hypophosphatemic rickets J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 6 142 146 (Pubitemid 44193212)