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1
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0035025386
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An assessment of thimerosal use in childhood vaccines
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An FDA assessment that has formed the basis of much of the concern about thimerosal in vaccines
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Ball LK, Ball R, Pratt RD. An assessment of thimerosal use in childhood vaccines. Pediatrics 2001;107:1147-54 •• An FDA assessment that has formed the basis of much of the concern about thimerosal in vaccines.
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(2001)
Pediatrics
, vol.107
, pp. 1147-1154
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Ball, L.K.1
Ball, R.2
Pratt, R.D.3
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2
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0032849662
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Joint statement of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the United States Public Health Service (USPHS)
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This statement from two authoritative bodies recommended removal of thimerosal as a preservative from routinely administered infant and childhood vaccines. Although perhaps misinterpreted, the statement gave credence to some people's concerns about the safety of thimerosal-containing vaccines
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Joint statement of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the United States Public Health Service (USPHS). Pediatrics 1999;104:568-9 • This statement from two authoritative bodies recommended removal of thimerosal as a preservative from routinely administered infant and childhood vaccines. Although perhaps misinterpreted, the statement gave credence to some people's concerns about the safety of thimerosal-containing vaccines.
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(1999)
Pediatrics
, vol.104
, pp. 568-569
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3
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0033180335
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Methylmercury exposure biomarkers as indicators of neurotoxicity in children aged 7 years
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Grandjean P, Budtz-Jorgensen E, White RF, et al. Methylmercury exposure biomarkers as indicators of neurotoxicity in children aged 7 years. Am J Epidemiol 1999;150:301-305 (Pubitemid 29355129)
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(1999)
American Journal of Epidemiology
, vol.150
, Issue.3
, pp. 301-305
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Grandjean, P.1
Budtz-Jorgensen, E.2
White, R.F.3
Jorgensen, P.J.4
Weihe, P.5
Debes, F.6
Keiding, N.7
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4
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23844550553
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Comparison of blood and brain mercury levels in infant monkeys exposed to methylmercury or vaccines containing thimerosal
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DOI 10.1289/ehp.7712
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Burbacher TM, Shen DD, Liberato N, et al. Comparison of blood and brain mercury levels in infant monkeys exposed to methylmercury or vaccines containing thimerosal. Environ Health Perspect 2005;113:1015-1021 (Pubitemid 41149631)
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(2005)
Environmental Health Perspectives
, vol.113
, Issue.8
, pp. 1015-1021
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Burbacher, T.M.1
Shen, D.D.2
Liberato, N.3
Grant, K.S.4
Cernichiari, E.5
Clarkson, T.6
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5
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38849173902
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Mercury levels in newborns and infants after receipt of thimerosal-containing vaccines
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This study demonstrated that the half-life in human infants of the ethylmercury contained in thimerosal is much shorter than methylmercury. This finding indicates that methylmercury is not a suitable surrogate for possible ethylmercury toxicity
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Pichichero ME, Gentile A, Giglio N, et al. Mercury levels in newborns and infants after receipt of thimerosal-containing vaccines. Pediatrics 2008;121:e208-14 • This study demonstrated that the half-life in human infants of the ethylmercury contained in thimerosal is much shorter than methylmercury. This finding indicates that methylmercury is not a suitable surrogate for possible ethylmercury toxicity.
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(2008)
Pediatrics
, vol.121
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Pichichero, M.E.1
Gentile, A.2
Giglio, N.3
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6
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6344271748
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Immunization Safety Review Committee. Vaccines and Autism Board of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Institute of Medicine, National Academy Press. Washington, DC; The IOM Immunization Safety Review Committee conducted a comprehensive review of the evidence and concluded that thimerosal-containing vaccines, as well as MMR vaccine, are not causally associated with the development of autism
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Immunization Safety Review Committee. Immunization Safety Review. Vaccines and Autism Board of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Institute of Medicine, National Academy Press. Washington, DC; 2004 •• The IOM Immunization Safety Review Committee conducted a comprehensive review of the evidence and concluded that thimerosal-containing vaccines, as well as MMR vaccine, are not causally associated with the development of autism.
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(2004)
Immunization Safety Review
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7
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36148943197
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Vaccines and autism: Evidence does not support a causal association
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DOI 10.1038/sj.clpt.6100407, PII 6100407
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DeStefano F. Vaccines and autism: evidence does not support a causal association. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2007;82:756-759 (Pubitemid 350114826)
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(2007)
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
, vol.82
, Issue.6
, pp. 756-759
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Destefano, F.1
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8
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0242300675
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Safety of Thimerosal-Containing Vaccines: A Two-Phased Study of Computerized Health Maintenance Organization Databases
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The first study in humans of potential neurodevelopmental effects of exposure to thimerosal-containing vaccines. Found few associations, except for inconsistent associations with speech delay and tics
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Verstraeten T, Davis RL, DeStefano F, et al. Safety of thimerosal-containing vaccines: a two-phased study of computerized health maintenance organization databases. Pediatrics 2003;112:1039-48 •• The first study in humans of potential neurodevelopmental effects of exposure to thimerosal-containing vaccines. Found few associations, except for inconsistent associations with speech delay and tics. (Pubitemid 37339554)
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(2003)
Pediatrics
, vol.112
, Issue.5
, pp. 1039-1048
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Verstraeten, T.1
Davis, R.L.2
Destefano, F.3
Lieu, T.A.4
Rhodes, P.H.5
Black, S.B.6
Shinefield, H.7
Chen, R.T.8
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9
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4344620583
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Thimerosal exposure in infants and developmental disorders: A retrospective cohort study in the United Kingdom does not support a causal association
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DOI 10.1542/peds.2003-1177-L
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Andrews N, Miller E, Grant A, et al. Thimerosal exposure in infants and developmental disorders: a retrospective cohort study in the United Kingdom does not support a causal association. Pediatrics 2004;114:584-591 (Pubitemid 41529510)
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(2004)
Pediatrics
, vol.114
, Issue.3
, pp. 584-591
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Andrews, N.1
Miller, E.2
Grant, A.3
Stowe, J.4
Osborne, V.5
Taylor, B.6
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10
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0141705370
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Association between Thimerosal-Containing Vaccine and Autism
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DOI 10.1001/jama.290.13.1763
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Hviid A, Stellfeld M, Wohlfahrt J, Melbye M. Association between thimerosal-containing vaccine and autism. JAMA 2003;290:1763-6 •• A large population-based study of several Danish birth cohorts that found no association between exposure to thimerosal-containing vaccine and risk of autism. (Pubitemid 37430627)
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(2003)
Journal of the American Medical Association
, vol.290
, Issue.13
, pp. 1763-1766
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Hviid, A.1
Stellfeld, M.2
Wohlfahrt, J.3
Melbye, M.4
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11
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38049156554
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Continuing increases in autism reported to California's developmental services system: Mercury in retrograde
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An analysis of data from California's Developmental Disabilities System that showed that enrollment for autism services continued to increase even among birth cohorts born after thimerosal was removed from routinely administered infant vaccines. This is opposite to what would have been expected if thimerosal was causally related to autism
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Schechter R, Grether JK. Continuing increases in autism reported to California's developmental services system: mercury in retrograde. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2008;65:19-24 • An analysis of data from California's Developmental Disabilities System that showed that enrollment for autism services continued to increase even among birth cohorts born after thimerosal was removed from routinely administered infant vaccines. This is opposite to what would have been expected if thimerosal was causally related to autism.
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(2008)
Arch Gen Psychiatry
, vol.65
, pp. 19-24
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Schechter, R.1
Grether, J.K.2
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12
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4243086215
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Neurotoxic effects of postnatal thimerosal are mouse strain dependent
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DOI 10.1038/sj.mp.4001529
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Hornig M, Chian D, Lipkin WI. Neurotoxic effects of postnatal thimerosal are mouse strain dependent. Mol Psychiatry 2004;9:833-845 (Pubitemid 39273533)
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(2004)
Molecular Psychiatry
, vol.9
, Issue.9
, pp. 833-845
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Hornig, M.1
Chian, D.2
Lipkin, W.I.3
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13
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38149016287
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Low-level neonatal thimerosal exposure: Further evaluation of altered neurotoxic potential in SJL mice
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Berman RF, Pessah IN, Mouton PR, et al. Low-level neonatal thimerosal exposure: further evaluation of altered neurotoxic potential in SJL mice. Toxicol Sci 2008;101:294-309
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(2008)
Toxicol Sci
, vol.101
, pp. 294-309
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Berman, R.F.1
Pessah, I.N.2
Mouton, P.R.3
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14
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33646830596
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Developmental regression and mitochondrial dysfunction in a child with autism
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DOI 10.2310/7010.2006.00032
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Poling JS, Frye RE, Shoffner J, Zimmerman AW. Developmental regression and mitochondrial dysfunction in a child with autism. J Child Neurol 2006;21:170-172 (Pubitemid 43772660)
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(2006)
Journal of Child Neurology
, vol.21
, Issue.2
, pp. 170-172
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Poling, J.S.1
Frye, R.E.2
Shoffner, J.3
Zimmerman, A.W.4
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15
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14744269077
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Thimerosal exposure in infants and developmental disorders: A prospective cohort study in the United Kingdom does not support a causal association
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DOI 10.1542/peds.2003-1176-L
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Heron J, Golding J. Thimerosal exposure in infants and developmental disorders: a prospective cohort study in the United Kingdom does not support a causal association. Pediatrics 2004;114:577-583 (Pubitemid 41529509)
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(2004)
Pediatrics
, vol.114
, Issue.3
, pp. 577-583
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Heron, J.1
Golding, J.2
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16
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34748875855
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Early thimerosal exposure and neuropsychological outcomes at 7 to 10 Years
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A rigorous and comprehensive evaluation of possible neurodevelopmental outcomes from exposure to thimerosal-containing vaccines. Few associations were found
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Thompson WW, Price C, Goodson B, et al. Early thimerosal exposure and neuropsychological outcomes at 7 to 10 Years. N Engl J Med 2007;357:1281-92 •• A rigorous and comprehensive evaluation of possible neurodevelopmental outcomes from exposure to thimerosal-containing vaccines. Few associations were found.
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(2007)
N Engl J Med
, vol.357
, pp. 1281-1292
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Thompson, W.W.1
Price, C.2
Goodson, B.3
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17
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84911039257
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Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children
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DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)11096-0
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Wakefield AJ, Murch S, Anthony A, et al. Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children. Lancet 1998;351:637-41 • A report of a case series that speculated that MMR vaccine may cause autism and was the genesis of much of the concerns about vaccines causing autism. (Pubitemid 28098447)
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(1998)
Lancet
, vol.351
, Issue.9103
, pp. 637-641
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Wakefield, A.J.1
Murch, S.H.2
Anthony, A.3
Linnell, J.4
Casson, D.M.5
Malik, M.6
Berelowitz, M.7
Dhillon, A.P.8
Thomson, M.A.9
Harvey, P.10
Valentine, A.11
Davies, S.E.12
Walker-Smith, J.A.13
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18
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50449085423
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Update: Measles - United States, January - July 2008
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CDC
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CDC. Update: measles - United States, January - July 2008. MMWR 2008;57:893-896
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(2008)
MMWR
, vol.57
, pp. 893-896
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19
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33750940824
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Association between health care providers' influence on parents who have concerns about vaccine safety and vaccination coverage
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DOI 10.1542/peds.2006-0923
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Smith PJ, Kennedy AM, Wooten K, et al. Association between health care providers' influence on parents who have concerns about vaccine safety and vaccination coverage. Pediatrics 2006;118:e1287-92 •• A national survey that indicates the importance of vaccine safety concerns among parents who do not have their children fully vaccinated and the positive role of a trusted health care provider in influencing parents to accept immunizations for their children. (Pubitemid 46393633)
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(2006)
Pediatrics
, vol.118
, Issue.5
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Smith, P.J.1
Kennedy, A.M.2
Wooten, K.3
Gust, D.A.4
Pickering, L.K.5
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