A state conceptualization: Are individuals' masculine and feminine personality traits situationally influenced?

Personality and Individual Differences

Volumn 47, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 157-162

  Leszczynski, Jennifer Pickard ^a  

^a EASTERN CONNECTICUT STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Competition; Cooperation; Femininity; Gender; Masculinity

Indexed keywords

EID: 67349288081     PISSN: 01918869     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2009.02.014     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Bem S.L. The measurement of psychological androgyny. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 42 (1974) 155-162
2. Boldizar J.P. Assessing sex typing and androgyny in children: The children's sex role inventory. Developmental Psychology 27 (1991) 505-515
3. Bornstein G., and Erev I. The enhancing effect of intergroup competition on group performance. The International Journal of Conflict Management 5 (1994) 271-283
4. Bussey K., and Bandura A. Social cognitive theory of gender development and differentiation. Psychological Review 106 (1999) 676-713
5. Cota A.A., and Dion K.L. Salience of gender and sex composition of ad hoc groups: An experimental test of distinctiveness theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 50 (1986) 770-776
6. Deaux K., and Major B. Putting gender into context: An interactive model of gender- related behavior. Psychological Review 94 (1987) 369-389
7. Downey J., Ehrhardt A.A., Morishima A., Bell J.J., and Gruen M.A. Gender role development in two clinical syndromes: Turner syndrome versus constitutional short stature. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 26 (1987) 566-573
8. Goldman M., Stockbauer J.W., and McAuliffe T.G. Intergroup and intragroup competition and cooperation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 13 (1977) 81-88
9. Hannover, B. (2002). Development of the self in gendered contexts. In T. Eckes & H. M. Trautner (Eds.), The developmental social psychology of gender (pp. 177-205). Mahwah, NJ: New Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
10. Iijima M., Arisaka O., Minamoto F., and Arais Y. Sex differences in children's free drawings: A study on girls with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Hormones and Behavior 40 (2001) 99-104
11. Krauss I.K. Some situational determinants of competitive performance on sex- stereotyped tasks. Developmental Psychology 13 (1977) 473-480
12. Leaper C. The social construction and socialization of gender during development. In: Miller P.H., and Schnolnick E.K. (Eds). Toward a feminist developmental psychology (2000), Routledge, New York, NY 127-152
13. Leszczynski J.P., and Strough J. The contextual specificity of masculinity and femininity in early adolescence. Social Development 17 (2008) 719-736
14. Maccoby E.E. Gender and relationships: A developmental account. American Psychologist 45 (1990) 513-520
15. Maccoby E.E. The two sexes: Growing up apart, coming together (1998), Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA
16. Markus H., and Kunda Z. Stability and malleability of the self-concept. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 51 (1986) 858-866
17. Miller J.B., Lewy J., and Peckham E. Context effects on self-perceptions of feminine and masculine qualities. Sex Roles 37 (1997) 723-750
18. Pickard J., and Strough J. The effects of same-sex and other-sex contexts on masculinity and femininity. Sex Roles 48 (2003) 421-432
19. Ruble, D. N., & Martin, C. L. (1998). Gender development. In: W. Damon (Series Ed.) & N. Eisenberg (Vol. Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 3. Social, emotional, and personality development (5th ed., pp. 933-1016). New York: Wiley.
20. Schmidt C.R., Ollendick T.H., and Stanowicz L.B. Developmental changes in the influence of assigned goals on cooperation and competition. Developmental Psychology 24 (1988) 574-579
21. Smith C.L., Noll J.A., and Becker-Bryant J. The effect of social context on gender self-concept. Sex Roles 40 (1999) 499-512
22. Spence J.T. Gender-related traits and gender ideology: Evidence for a multifactorial theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 64 (1993) 624-635
23. Tjosvold D. Unequal power relationships within a cooperative or competitive context. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 11 (1981) 137-150
24. Van Vugt M., DeCremer D., and Janssen D.P. Gender differences in cooperation and competition: The male-warrior hypothesis. Psychological Science 18 (2007) 19-23