Hypertension in the metabolic syndrome: Summary of the new position statement of the European Society of Hypertension

Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej

Volumn 119, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 255-260

  Redon, Josep ^a   Cifková, Renata ^b   Narkiewicz, Krzysztof ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VALENCIA   (Spain)

^b INSTITUTE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE   (Czech Republic)

^c MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF GDANSK   (Poland)

Author keywords

Antihypertensive treatment; Hypertension; Metabolic syndrome (MS); Prevalence; Prognostic value

Indexed keywords

ANGIOTENSIN 2 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CARVEDILOL; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIURETIC AGENT; DOXAZOSIN; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; METHYLDOPA; MOXONIDINE; NEBIVOLOL; RESERPINE; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ABDOMINAL OBESITY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; DIET THERAPY; DRUG INHIBITION; DYSLIPIDEMIA; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; HYPERURICEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; PREVALENCE; PROGNOSIS; REVIEW; RISK REDUCTION;

EID: 67149096263     PISSN: 00323772     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.20452/pamw.670     Document Type: Review

References (42)

1. Alberti KG, Zimmet PZ. Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes meltitus and its complications. Part I: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus provisional report of a WHO consultation. Diabet Med. 1998; 15: 539-553.
2. Balkan B, Charles MA. Comment on the provisional report from the WHO consultation. European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance IEGIR). Diabet Med. 1999; 16: 683-689.
3. Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, And Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol In Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA. 2001; 285: 2486-2497.
4. Genest J, Frohlich J, Fodor G, McPherson R, for the Working Group on Hypercholesterolemia and Other Dyslipidemias. Recommendations for the management of dyslipidemia and the prevention of cardiovascular disease: summary of the 2003 update. CMAJ. 2003; 169: 921-924.
5. International Diabetes Federation: The IDF consensus worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome [article online], 2005. Available from httpy/www.idf.org/webdata/docs/metac-syndrome-def.pdf.
6. Carr OB, Utzschneider KM, Hull RL, et al. Intra-abdominal fat is a major determinant of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment panel III criteria for the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes. 2004; 53: 2087-2097.
7. Pouliot MC, Despres JP, Lemieux S, et al. Waist circumference and abdominal sagittal diameter: best simple anthropometric indexes of abdominal visceral adipose tissue accumulation and related cardiovascular risk in men and women. Am J Cardiol. 1994; 73:480-468.
8. Grundy SM, Brewer Jr BH, Cleeman Jl, et al.; for the Conference Participants. Definition of metabolic syndrome. Report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/American Heart Association Conference on Scientific Issues Related to Definition. Circulation. 2004; 109:433-438.
9. Bog-Hansen E, Lindblad U, Gullberg B, et al. Metabolic disorders associated with uncontrolled hypertension. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2003; 5: 379-387.
10. Martell N, Mateo J, Fernandez C, et al. Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in newly diagnosed hypertensives, treated hypertensives and normotensives. J Hypertens. 2004; 22 (Suppl 2): S368(A).
11. Mancia G, Parati G, Borghi C, et al; SMOOTH investigators. Hypertension prevalence, awareness, control and association with metabolic abnormalities in the San Marino population: the SMOOTH study. J Hypertens. 2006; 24: 837-843.
12. Leoncini G, Ratto E, Viazzi F, et al. Metabolic syndrome is associated with eariy signs of organ damage in nondiabetic, hypertensive patients. J Intern Med. 2005; 257:454-460.
13. Mule G, Nardi E, Cottone S, et al. Influence of metabolic syndrome on hypertension-related target organ damage. J. Intern Med. 2005; 257: 503-513.
14. Navarro J, Redón J, Cea-Calvo L, et al.; on behalf of the group of investigators of the ERIC-HTA Study. Metabolic syndrome, organ damage and cardiovascular disease in hypertension. The ERIC-HTA study. Blood Press. 2007; 16:20-27.
15. Rahmouni K, Correia MLG, Haynes WG, Mark AL. Obesity-associated hypertension. New insights into mechanisms. Hypertension. 2005; 45: 9-14.
16. Mancia G, Bousquet P, Elghozi JL, et al. The sympathetic nervous system and the metabolic syndrome. J Hypertens. 2007; 25:909-920.
17. Hall JE, Brands MW, Henegat JR. Mechanisms of hypertension and kidney disease in obesity. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1999; 892:91-107.
18. Kim J A, Montagnani M, Koh KK, Quon MJ. Reciprocal relationships between insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction: molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms. Circulation. 2006; 113:1888-1904.
19. Sharma V, McNeill JH. The etiology of hypertension in the metabolic syndrome part three: the regulation and dysregulation of blood pressure. Curr Vase Pharmacol. 2006; 4: 321-348.
20. Redon J, Cifkova R, Laurent S, et al. Mechanisms of hypertension in the cardiometabolic syndrome. J Hypertens. 2009; 27:441-451.
21. Redon J, Cifkova R, Laurent S, et al.; Scientific Council of the European Society of Hypertension. The metabolic syndrome in hypertension: European society of hypertension position statement. J Hypertens. 2008; 26:1891-1900.
22. Jeppesen J, Hein HO, Suadicani P, Gynterberg F. Low triglycer-ides-high high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and risk of ischemic heart disease. Arch Intern Med. 2001; 16:361-366.
23. Schillaci G, Pirro M, Vaudo G, et al. Prognostic value of the metabolic syndrome in essential hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004; 43: 1817-1822.
24. Onat A, Hergenc G, Sari I, et al. Dyslipidemic hypertension: distinctive features and cardiovascular risk in a prospective population-based study. Am J Hypertens. 2005; 18:409-416.
25. Dekker JM, Girman C, Rhodes T, et al. Metabolic syndrome and 10-year cardiovascular disease risk in the Hoom Study. Circulation. 2005; 112: 666-673.
26. Mancia G, Bombelli M, Corrao G, et al. Metabolic syndrome in the pressioni arteriose monitorate e loro associazioni (PAMELA) study. Daily life blood pressure, cardiac damage, and prognosis. Hypertension. 2007; 49: 40-47.
27. Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults-the evidence report. National Institutes of Health. Obes Res. 1998; 2 (Suppl 6): S51-S209. Erratum in: Obes Res. 1998; 6: 464.
28. Thompson PD, Buchner D, Pina IL, et al; American Heart Association Council on Clinical Cardiology Subcommittee on Exercise, Rehabilitation, and Prevention; American Heart Association Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism Subcommittee on Physical Activity. Exercise and physical activity in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a statement from the American Heart Association Council on Clinical Cardiology (Subcommittee on Nutrition, Physical Activity and Metabolism (Subcommittee on Physical Activity). Circulation. 2003; 107:3109-3116.
29. Czoski-Murray C, Warren E, Chilcott J, et al. Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of pioglitazone and rosiglitazone in the treatment of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technol Assess. 2004;8:1-91.
30. Guidelines Committee. 2003 European Society of Hypertension-European Society of Cardiology guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. J Hypertens. 2003; 21:1011-1053.
31. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, et al.; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure; National High Blood Pressure Education Program Coordinating Committee. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA. 2003; 289: 2560-2572.
32. American Diabetes Association: Clinical Practice Recommendations 2005. Diabetes Care. 2005; 28 (Suppl. 1): S1-S79.
33. Lithell H. Hypertension and hyperiipidemia. A review. Am J Hypertens. 1993; 6: S303-S308.
34. Messerli FH, Grossman E, Leonetti G. Antihypertensive therapy and new onset diabetes. J Hypertens. 2004; 22:1845-1847.
35. Mancia G, Grassi G, Zanchetti A. New-onset diabetes and antihypertensive drugs. J Hypertens. 2006; 24:3-10.
36. Bakris G, Molftch M, Hewkin A, et al, on behalf of the STAR Investigators. Differences in glucose tolerance between fixed-dose antihypertensive drug combinations in people with metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Care. 2006; 29: 2592-2597.
37. McTavish O, Campoli-Richards D, Soriiin EM. Carvedilol. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic efficacy. Drugs. 1993; 45:232-258.
38. Tzemos N, Lim PO, MacDonald TM. Nebivolol reverses endothelial dysfunction in essential hypertension: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Circulation. 2001; 104: 511-514.
39. Bakris GL, Fonseca V, Katholi RE, et al.; GEMINI Investigators Metabolic effects of carvedilol vs metoprolol in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2004; 292: 2227-2236.
40. Kaiser T, Heise T, Nosek L, et al. Influence of nevibolol and enalapril on metabolic parameters an arterial stiffness in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients. J Hypertens. 2006; 24:1397-1403.
41. Horiuchi M, Mogi M, Iwai M. Signaling crosstalk angiotensin If receptor subtypes and insulin. Endocr J. 2006; 53:1-5.
42. Ridker PM, Danielson E, Rifai N, Glynn RJ, Val-MARC Investigators. Valsartan, blood pressure reduction, and C-reactive protein: primary report of the Val-MARC trial. Hypertension. 2006; 48:73-79.