Improvement of purine and pyrimidine antimetabolite-based anticancer treatment by selective suppression of mycoplasma-encoded catabolic enzymes

The Lancet Oncology

Volumn 10, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 628-635

  Liekens, Sandra ^a   Bronckaers, Annelies ^a   Balzarini, Jan ^a  

^a REGA INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH   (Belgium)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; AZATHIOPRINE; CAPECITABINE; CIPROFLOXACIN; CLADRIBINE; CLOFARABINE; CYTARABINE; DOXYCYCLINE; ERYTHROMYCIN; FLUDARABINE; FLUOROURACIL; GEMCITABINE; IRINOTECAN; MERCAPTOPURINE; PURINE NUCLEOSIDE DERIVATIVE; PYRIMIDINE NUCLEOSIDE DERIVATIVE; THYMIDINE PHOSPHORYLASE INHIBITOR; THYMIDYLATE SYNTHASE; TIOGUANINE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; BREAST CANCER; CANCER GROWTH; CATABOLITE REPRESSION; CLINICAL TRIAL; COLORECTAL CANCER; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG POTENTIATION; DRUG STRUCTURE; DRUG TARGETING; ENZYME INHIBITION; ENZYME REPRESSION; ESOPHAGUS CANCER; EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE; GLIOMA; HUMAN; LUNG CANCER; MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION; MYCOPLASMA; MYCOPLASMA FERMENTANS; MYCOPLASMA HYORHINIS; MYCOPLASMA MYCOIDES; MYCOPLASMOSIS; NONHUMAN; OVARY CANCER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN TARGETING; STRUCTURE ANALYSIS;

EID: 66349097908     PISSN: 14702045     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(09)70037-3     Document Type: Note

References (74)

1. Razin S., Yogev D., and Naot Y. Molecular biology and pathogenicity of mycoplasmas. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 62 (1998) 1094-1156
2. Waites K.B., and Talkington D.F. Mycoplasma pneumoniae and its role as a human pathogen. Clin Microbiol Rev 17 (2004) 697-728
3. Mian A.N., Farney A.C., and Mendley S.R. Mycoplasma hominis septic arthritis in a pediatric renal transplant recipient: case report and review of the literature. Am J Transplant 5 (2005) 183-188
4. Pinna G.S., Skevaki C.L., and Kafetzis D.A. The significance of Ureaplasma urealyticum as a pathogenic agent in the paediatric population. Curr Opin Infect Dis 19 (2006) 283-289
5. Murray P.R., Pfaller M.A., and Kobayashi G.S. Medical microbiology. 4th edn. (2002), Mosby CV, St. Louis, MO Chapter 42.
6. Cimolai N. Do mycoplasmas cause human cancer?. Can J Microbiol 47 (2001) 691-697
7. Haggerty C.L. Evidence for a role of Mycoplasma genitalium in pelvic inflammatory disease. Curr Opin Infect Dis 21 (2008) 65-69
8. Johnson S.M. The importance of B-cells and ecto-5L' nucleotidase in Mycoplasma fermentans infection and the relevance to rheumatoid arthritis. Immunology 123 (2008) 187-196
9. Lo S.C., Tsai S., Benish J.R., Shih J.W., Wear D.J., and Wong D.M. Enhancement of HIV-1 cytocidal effects in CD4+ lymphocytes by the AIDS-associated mycoplasma. Science 251 (1991) 1074-1076
10. Montagnier L., and Blanchard A. Mycoplasmas as cofactors in infection due to the human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis 17 (1993) S309-S315
11. Manhart L.E., Mostad S.B., Baeten J.M., Astete S.G., Mandaliya K., and Totten P.A. High Mycoplasma genitalium organism burden is associated with shedding of HIV-1 DNA from the cervix. J Infect Dis 197 (2008) 733-736
12. Dudler R., Schmidhauser C., Parish R.W., Wettenhall R.E., and Schmidt T. A mycoplasma high-affinity transport system and the in vitro invasiveness of mouse sarcoma cells. EMBO J 7 (1988) 3963-3970
13. Schmidhauser C., Dudler R., Schmidt T., and Parish R.W. A mycoplasmal protein influences tumour cell invasiveness and contact inhibition in vitro. J Cell Sci 95 (1990) 499-506
14. Ketcham C.M., Anai S., Reutzel R., et al. p37 induces tumor invasiveness. Mol Cancer Ther 4 (2005) 1031-1038
15. Liu W., Ren T., Jiang B., Gong M., and Shou C. Mycoplasmal membrane protein p37 promotes malignant changes in mammalian cells. Can J Microbiol 53 (2007) 270-276
16. Goodison S., Nakamura K., Iczkowski K.A., Anai S., Boehlein S.K., and Rosser C.J. Exogenous mycoplasmal p37 protein alters gene expression, growth and morphology of prostate cancer cells. Cytogenet Genome Res 118 (2007) 204-213
17. Gong M., Meng L., Jiang B., et al. p37 from Mycoplasma hyorhinis promotes cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis through activation of MMP-2 and followed by phosphorylation of EGFR. Mol Cancer Ther 7 (2008) 530-537
18. Ushio S., Iwaki K., Taniai M., et al. Metastasis-promoting activity of a novel molecule, Ag 243-5, derived from mycoplasma, and the complete nucleotide sequence. Microbiol Immunol 39 (1995) 393-400
19. Tsai S., Wear D.J., Shih J.W., and Lo S.C. Mycoplasmas and oncogenesis: persistent infection and multistage malignant transformation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92 (1995) 10197-10201
20. Feng S.H., Tsai S., Rodriguez J., and Lo S.C. Mycoplasmal infections prevent apoptosis and induce malignant transformation of interleukin-3-dependent 32D hematopoietic cells. Mol Cell Biol 19 (1999) 7995-8002
21. Gerlic M., Horowitz J., and Horowitz S. Mycoplasma fermentans inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced apoptosis in the human myelomonocytic U937 cell line. Cell Death Differ 11 (2004) 1204-1212
22. Zhang S., Tsai S., Wu T.T., Li B., Shih J.W., and Lo S.C. Mycoplasma fermentans infection promotes immortalization of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in culture. Blood 104 (2004) 4252-4259
23. Yang J., Hooper W.C., Phillips D.J., and Talkington D.F. Cytokines in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 15 (2004) 157-168
24. Girardi A.J., Hayflick L., Lewis A.M., and Somerson N.L. Recovery of mycoplasmas in the study of human leukaemia and other malignancies. Nature 205 (1965) 188-189
25. Murphy W.H., Bullis C., Dabich L., Heyn R., and Zarafonetis C.J. Isolation of mycoplasma from leukemic and nonleukemic patients. J Natl Cancer Inst 45 (1970) 243-251
26. Alexander F.E. Is Mycoplasma pneumonia associated with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia?. Cancer Causes Control 8 (1997) 803-811
27. Wang R.Y., Shih J.W., Weiss S.H., et al. Mycoplasma penetrans infection in male homosexuals with AIDS: high seroprevalence and association with Kaposi's sarcoma. Clin Infect Dis 17 (1993) 724-729
28. Cuccuru M.A., Cottoni F., Fiori P.L., Masala M.V., and Cerimele D. PCR analysis of Mycoplasma fermentans and M penetrans in classic Kaposi's sarcoma. Acta Derm Venereol 85 (2005) 459-460
29. Huang S., Li J.Y., Wu J., Meng L., and Shou C.C. Mycoplasma infections and different human carcinomas. World J Gastroenterol 7 (2001) 266-269
30. Sasaki H., Igaki H., Ishizuka T., Kogoma Y., Sugimura T., and Terada M. Presence of Streptococcus DNA sequence in surgical specimens of gastric cancer. Jpn J Cancer Res 86 (1995) 791-794
31. Chan P.J., Seraj I.M., Kalugdan T.H., and King A. Prevalence of mycoplasma conserved DNA in malignant ovarian cancer detected using sensitive PCR-ELISA. Gynecol Oncol 63 (1996) 258-260
32. Pehlivan M., Pehlivan S., Onay H., Koyuncuoglu M., and Kirkali Z. Can mycoplasma-mediated oncogenesis be responsible for formation of conventional renal cell carcinoma?. Urology 65 (2005) 411-414
33. Wang L., Westberg J., Bölske G., and Eriksson S. Novel deoxynucleoside-phosphorylating enzymes in mycoplasmas: evidence for efficient utilization of deoxynucleosides. Mol Microbiol 42 (2001) 1065-1073
34. Neale G.A., Mitchell A., and Finch L.R. Enzymes of pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide metabolism in Mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides. J Bacteriol 156 (1983) 1001-1005
35. Mitchell A., and Finch L.R. Enzymes of pyrimidine metabolism in Mycoplasma mycoides. J Bacteriol 137 (1979) 1073-1080
36. Ohtani N., and Miyata M. Identification of a novel nucleoside triphosphatase from Mycoplasma mobile: a prime candidate motor for gliding motility. Biochem J 403 (2007) 71-77
37. Mitchell A., Sin I.L., and Finch L.R. Enzymes of purine metabolism in Mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides. J Bacteriol 134 (1978) 706-712
38. Hatanaka M., Del Giudice R., and Long C. Adenine formation from adenosine by mycoplasmas: adenosine phosphorylase activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 72 (1975) 1401-1405
39. Bonissol C., and Stoiljkovic B. AdoP assay detection of mycoplasmal contamination in biological media. Res Virol 140 (1989) 241-251
40. Plagemann P.G., and Woffendin C. Mycoplasma contamination alters 2L'-deoxyadenosine metabolism in deoxycoformycin-treated mouse leukemia cells. J Cell Biochem 43 (1990) 161-172
41. Johnson S., and Pitcher D. Distribution of ecto 5L'-nucleotidase on mycoplasma species associated with arthritis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 192 (2000) 59-65
42. Merkenschlager M., Kardamakis D., Rawle F.C., Spurr N., and Beverley P.C. Rate of incorporation of radiolabelled nucleosides does not necessarily reflect the metabolic state of cells in culture: effects of latent mycoplasma contamination. Immunology 63 (1988) 125-131
43. Longley D.B., Harkin D.P., and Johnston P.G. 5-fluorouracil: mechanisms of action and clinical strategies. Nat Rev Cancer 3 (2003) 330-338
44. Danenberg P.V. Thymidylate synthetase-target enzyme in cancer chemotherapy. Biochim Biophys Acta 473 (1977) 73-92
45. Ingraham H.A., Tseng B.Y., and Goulian M. Nucleotide levels and incorporation of 5-fluorouracil and uracil into DNA of cells treated with 5-fluorodeoxyuridine. Mol Pharmacol 21 (1982) 211-216
46. Villalona-Calero M.A., Weiss G.R., Burris H.A., et al. Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of the oral fluoropyrimidine capecitabine in combination with paclitaxel in patients with advanced solid malignancies. J Clin Oncol 17 (1999) 1915-1925
47. Honda J., Sasa M., Moriya T., et al. Thymidine phosphorylase and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase are predictive factors of therapeutic efficacy of capecitabine monotherapy for breast cancer-preliminary results. J Med Invest 55 (2008) 54-60
48. Meropol N.J., Gold P.J., Diasio R.B., et al. Thymidine phosphorylase expression is associated with response to capecitabine plus irinotecan in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 24 (2006) 4069-4077
49. Myers C.E. The pharmacology of the fluoropyrimidines. Pharmacol Rev 33 (1981) 1-15
50. Liliemark J.O., and Plunkett W. Regulation of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine 5L'-triphosphate accumulation in human leukemia cells by deoxycytidine 5L'-triphosphate. Cancer Res 46 (1986) 1079-1083
51. Kufe D.W., and Spriggs D.R. Biochemical and cellular pharmacology of cytosine arabinoside. Semin Oncol 12 2 suppl 3 (1985) 34-48
52. Bergman A.M., and Peters G.J. Gemcitabine. Mechanism of action and resistance. In: Peters G.J. (Ed). Cancer drug discovery and development: deoxynucleoside analogs in cancer therapy (2006), Humana Press Inc, Totawa, NJ 225-251
53. Parker W.B., Shaddix S.C., Chang C.H., et al. Effects of 2-chloro-9-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)adenine on K562 cellular metabolism and the inhibition of human ribonucleotide reductase and DNA polymerases by its 5L'-triphosphate. Cancer Res 51 (1991) 2386-2394
54. Bonate P.L., Arthaud L., Cantrell Jr. W.R., Stephenson K., Secrist III J.A., and Weitman S. Discovery and development of clofarabine: a nucleoside analogue for treating cancer. Nat Rev Drug Discov 5 (2006) 855-863
55. Kantarjian H.M., Jeha S., Gandhi V., Wess M., and Faderl S. Clofarabine: past, present, and future. Leuk Lymphoma 48 (2007) 1922-1930
56. Parker W.B., Bapat A.R., Shen J.X., Townsend A.J., and Cheng Y.C. Interaction of 2-halogenated dATP analogs (F, Cl, and Br) with human DNA polymerases, DNA primase, and ribonucleotide reductase. Mol Pharmacol 34 (1988) 485-491
57. Parker W.B., Shaddix S.C., Rose L.M., et al. Comparison of the mechanism of cytotoxicity of 2-chloro-9-(2-deoxy-2- fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)adenine, 2-chloro-9-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)adenine, and 2-chloro-9-(2-deoxy 2,2-difluoro-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)adenine in CEM cells. Mol Pharmacol 55 (1999) 515-520
58. Xie C. Metabolism and actions of 2-chloro-9-(2-deoxy- 2-fluoro-beta-D- arabinofuranosyl)-adenine in human lymphoblastoid cells. Cancer Res 55 (1995) 2847-2852
59. Xie K.C., and Plunkett W. Deoxynucleotide pool depletion and sustained inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase and DNA synthesis after treatment of human lymphoblastoid cells with 2-chloro-9-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl) adenine. Cancer Res 56 (1996) 3030-3037
60. Dumontet C., Fabianowska-Majewska K., Mantincic D., et al. Common resistance mechanisms to deoxynucleoside analogues in variants of the human erythroleukaemic line K562. Br J Haematol 106 (1999) 78-85
61. Schirmer M., Stegmann A.P., Geisen F., and Konwalinska G. Lack of cross-resistance with gemcitabine and cytarabine in cladribine-resistant HL60 cells with elevated 5L'-nucleotidase activity. Exp Hematol 26 (1998) 1223-1228
62. Carson D.A., Carrera C.J., Wasson D.B., and Iizasa T. Deoxyadenosine-resistant human T-lymphoblasts with elevated 5L'nucleotidase activity. Biochim Biophys Acta 1091 (1991) 22-28
63. Galmarini C.M., Mackey J.R., and Dumontet C. Nucleoside analogues and nucleobases in cancer treatment. Lancet Oncol 3 (2002) 415-424
64. Harris B.E., Song R., Soong S.J., and Diasio R.B. Relationship between dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity and plasma 5-fluorouracil levels with evidence for circadian variation of enzyme activity and plasma drug levels in cancer patients receiving 5-fluorouracil by protracted continuous infusion. Cancer Res 50 (1990) 197-201
65. Spector T., Cao S., Rustum Y.M., Harrington J.A., and Porter D.J. Attenuation of the antitumor activity of 5-fluorouracil by (R)-5-fluoro-5,6-dihydrouracil. Cancer Res 55 (1995) 1239-1241
66. Bergman A.M., Giaccone G., Van Moorsel C.J., et al. Cross-resistance in the 2L',2L'-difluorodeoxycytidine (gemcitabine)-resistant human ovarian cancer cell line AG6000 to standard and investigational drugs. Eur J Cancer 36 (2000) 1974-1983
67. Bergman A.M., Pinedo H.M., Jongsma A.P., et al. Decreased resistance to gemcitabine (2L',2L'-difluorodeoxycytidine) of cytosine arabinoside-resistant myeloblastic murine and rat leukemia cell lines: role of altered activity and substrate specificity of deoxycytidine kinase. Biochem Pharmacol 57 (1999) 397-406
68. Bhalla K., Nayak R., and Grant S. Isolation and characterization of a deoxycytidine kinase-deficient human promyelocytic leukemic cell line highly resistant to 1-beta-D- arabinofuranosylcytosine. Cancer Res 44 (1984) 5029-5037
69. van Haperen V.R., Veerman G., Eriksson S., et al. Development and molecular characterization of a 2L',2L'-difluorodeoxycytidine-resistant variant of the human ovarian carcinoma cell line A2780. Cancer Res 54 (1994) 4138-4143
70. Montgomery J.A., Shortnacy-Fowler A.T., Clayton S.D., Riordan J.M., and Secrist III J.A. Synthesis and biologic activity of 2L'-fluoro-2-halo derivatives of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine. J Med Chem 35 (1992) 397-401
71. Löfgren C., Albertioni F., and Paul C. High activity and incomplete cross resistance of nucleoside analogues cladribine and fludarabine versus Ara-C on leukemic cells from patients with AML. Ther Drug Monit 27 (2005) 641-646
72. Bronckaers A., Balzarini J., and Liekens S. The cytostatic activity of fluoropyrimidine nucleosides is strongly modulated by Mycoplasma hyorhinis infection: implications for cancer therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 76 (2008) 188-197
73. Fukushima M., Suzuki N., Emura T., et al. Structure and activity of specific inhibitors of thymidine phosphorylase to potentiate the function of antitumor 2′-deoxyribonucleosides. Biochem Pharmacol 59 (2000) 1227-1236
74. InVivoGen product information for Plasmocin. Mechanism of action, properties. http://www.plasmosin.com/mecanism.htm (accessed Feb 19, 2009).