메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 29, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 593-607

Insights from the society of infectious diseases pharmacists on antimicrobial stewardship guidelines from the infectious diseases society of america and the society for healthcare epidemiology of america

Author keywords

Antimicrobial stewardship; Guidelines; Infectious diseases.

Indexed keywords

AMINOGLYCOSIDE; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; FLUCONAZOLE; LINEZOLID; METRONIDAZOLE; QUINOLINE DERIVED ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT;

EID: 66249146905     PISSN: 02770008     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1592/phco.29.5.593     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (67)

References (81)
  • 1
    • 33846153776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Dellit TH, Owens RC, McGowan JE Jr, et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America guidelines for developing an institutional program to enhance antimicrobial stewardship. Clin Infect Dis 2007;44:159-77.
    • . Dellit TH, Owens RC, McGowan JE Jr, et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America guidelines for developing an institutional program to enhance antimicrobial stewardship. Clin Infect Dis 2007;44:159-77.
  • 2
    • 0023933144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Marr JJ, Moffet HL, Kunin CM. Guidelines for improving the use of antimicrobial agents in hospitals: a statement by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. J Infect Dis 1988; 157:869-76.
    • . Marr JJ, Moffet HL, Kunin CM. Guidelines for improving the use of antimicrobial agents in hospitals: a statement by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. J Infect Dis 1988; 157:869-76.
  • 3
    • 0031225237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Shlaes DM, Gerding DN, John JF Jr, et al. Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America and Infectious Diseases Society of America joint committee on the prevention of antimicrobial resistance: guidelines for the prevention of antimicrobial resistance in hospitals. Clin Infect Dis 1997;25:584-99.
    • . Shlaes DM, Gerding DN, John JF Jr, et al. Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America and Infectious Diseases Society of America joint committee on the prevention of antimicrobial resistance: guidelines for the prevention of antimicrobial resistance in hospitals. Clin Infect Dis 1997;25:584-99.
  • 4
    • 0038806687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Cosgrove SE, Carmeli Y. The impact of antimicrobial resistance on health and economic outcomes. Clin Infect Dis 2003;36:1433-7.
    • . Cosgrove SE, Carmeli Y. The impact of antimicrobial resistance on health and economic outcomes. Clin Infect Dis 2003;36:1433-7.
  • 5
    • 0037185447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Cosgrove SE, Kaye KS, Eliopoulous GM, Carmeli Y. Health and economic outcomes of the emergence of third-generation cephalosporin resistance in Enterobacterspecies. Arch Intern Med 2002;162:185-90.
    • . Cosgrove SE, Kaye KS, Eliopoulous GM, Carmeli Y. Health and economic outcomes of the emergence of third-generation cephalosporin resistance in Enterobacterspecies. Arch Intern Med 2002;162:185-90.
  • 6
    • 0037235347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Cosgrove SE, Sakoulas G, Perencevich EN, Schwaber MJ, Karchmer AW, Carmeli Y. Comparison of mortality associated with methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureusbacteremia: a meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis 2003;36:53-9.
    • . Cosgrove SE, Sakoulas G, Perencevich EN, Schwaber MJ, Karchmer AW, Carmeli Y. Comparison of mortality associated with methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureusbacteremia: a meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis 2003;36:53-9.
  • 7
    • 22544433208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . DiazGranados CA, Zimmer SM, Klein M, Jernigan JA. Comparison of mortality associated with vancomycin-resistant and vancomycin-susceptible enterococcal bloodstream infections: a meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis 2005;41:327-33.
    • . DiazGranados CA, Zimmer SM, Klein M, Jernigan JA. Comparison of mortality associated with vancomycin-resistant and vancomycin-susceptible enterococcal bloodstream infections: a meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis 2005;41:327-33.
  • 8
    • 0033059706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Carmeli Y, Troillet N, Eliopoulos GM, Samore MH. Emergence of antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: comparison of risks associated with different antipseudomonal agents. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999;43:1379-82.
    • . Carmeli Y, Troillet N, Eliopoulos GM, Samore MH. Emergence of antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: comparison of risks associated with different antipseudomonal agents. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999;43:1379-82.
  • 9
    • 0028989194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Edmond MB, Ober JF, Weinbaum DL, et al. Vancomycinresistant Enterococcus faeciumbacteremia: risk factors for infection. Clin Infect Dis 1995;20:1126-33.
    • . Edmond MB, Ober JF, Weinbaum DL, et al. Vancomycinresistant Enterococcus faeciumbacteremia: risk factors for infection. Clin Infect Dis 1995;20:1126-33.
  • 10
    • 0037175524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Lautenbach E, Fishman NO, Bilker WB, et al. Risk factors for fluoroquinolone resistance in nosocomial Escherichia coliand Klebsiella pneumoniaeinfections. Arch Intern Med 2002;162: 2469-77.
    • . Lautenbach E, Fishman NO, Bilker WB, et al. Risk factors for fluoroquinolone resistance in nosocomial Escherichia coliand Klebsiella pneumoniaeinfections. Arch Intern Med 2002;162: 2469-77.
  • 11
    • 9144232354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Paterson DL, Ko WC, Von Gottberg A, et al. International prospective study of Klebsiella pneumoniaebacteremia: implications of extended-spectrum -lactamase production in nosocomial infections. Ann Intern Med 2004;140:26-32.
    • . Paterson DL, Ko WC, Von Gottberg A, et al. International prospective study of Klebsiella pneumoniaebacteremia: implications of extended-spectrum -lactamase production in nosocomial infections. Ann Intern Med 2004;140:26-32.
  • 12
    • 0027367592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Rello J, Ausina V, Ricart M, Castella J, Prats G. Impact of previous antimicrobial therapy on the etiology and outcome of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 1993;104:1230-5.
    • . Rello J, Ausina V, Ricart M, Castella J, Prats G. Impact of previous antimicrobial therapy on the etiology and outcome of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 1993;104:1230-5.
  • 13
    • 0242355075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Weber SG, Gold HS, Hooper DC, Karchmer AW, Carmeli Y. Fluoroquinolones and the risk for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusin hospitalized patients. Emerg Infect Dis 2003;9:1415-22.
    • . Weber SG, Gold HS, Hooper DC, Karchmer AW, Carmeli Y. Fluoroquinolones and the risk for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusin hospitalized patients. Emerg Infect Dis 2003;9:1415-22.
  • 14
    • 0035822694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of vancomycin and third-generation cephalosporins on prevalence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in 126 U.S. adult intensive care units
    • Fridkin SK, Edwards JR, Courval JM, et al. The effect of vancomycin and third-generation cephalosporins on prevalence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in 126 U.S. adult intensive care units. Ann Intern Med 2001;135:175-83.
    • (2001) Ann Intern Med , vol.135 , pp. 175-183
    • Fridkin, S.K.1    Edwards, J.R.2    Courval, J.M.3
  • 15
    • 23244442660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . MacDougall C, Powell JP, Johnson CK, Edmond MB, Polk RE. Hospital and community fluoroquinolone use and resistance in Staphylococcus aureusand Escherichia coliin 17 US hospitals. Clin Infect Dis 2005;41:435-40.
    • . MacDougall C, Powell JP, Johnson CK, Edmond MB, Polk RE. Hospital and community fluoroquinolone use and resistance in Staphylococcus aureusand Escherichia coliin 17 US hospitals. Clin Infect Dis 2005;41:435-40.
  • 16
    • 1242330017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Mutnick AH, Rhomberg PR, Sader HS, Jones RN. Antimicrobial usage and resistance trend relationships from the MYSTIC programme in North America (1999-2001). J Antimicrob Chemother 2004;53:290-6.
    • . Mutnick AH, Rhomberg PR, Sader HS, Jones RN. Antimicrobial usage and resistance trend relationships from the MYSTIC programme in North America (1999-2001). J Antimicrob Chemother 2004;53:290-6.
  • 17
    • 85136403023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Rahal JJ, Urban C, Horn D, et al. Class restriction of cephalosporin use to control total cephalosporin resistance in nosocomial Klebsiella. JAMA 1998;280:1233-7.
    • . Rahal JJ, Urban C, Horn D, et al. Class restriction of cephalosporin use to control total cephalosporin resistance in nosocomial Klebsiella. JAMA 1998;280:1233-7.
  • 18
    • 10744220364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Zervos MJ, Hershberger E, Nicolau DP, et al. Relationship between fluoroquinolone use and changes in susceptibility to fluoroquinolones of selected pathogens in 10 United States teaching hospitals, 1991-2000. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:1643-8.
    • . Zervos MJ, Hershberger E, Nicolau DP, et al. Relationship between fluoroquinolone use and changes in susceptibility to fluoroquinolones of selected pathogens in 10 United States teaching hospitals, 1991-2000. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:1643-8.
  • 19
    • 0035503460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Harbarth S, Harris AD, Carmeli Y, Samore MH. Parallel analysis of individual and aggregated data on antibiotic exposure and resistance in gram-negative bacilli. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33:1462-8.
    • . Harbarth S, Harris AD, Carmeli Y, Samore MH. Parallel analysis of individual and aggregated data on antibiotic exposure and resistance in gram-negative bacilli. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33:1462-8.
  • 20
    • 0029066463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Bates DW, Cullen DJ, Laird N, et al. Incidence of adverse drug events and potential adverse drug events: implications for prevention. ADE prevention study group. JAMA 1995;274: 29-34.
    • . Bates DW, Cullen DJ, Laird N, et al. Incidence of adverse drug events and potential adverse drug events: implications for prevention. ADE prevention study group. JAMA 1995;274: 29-34.
  • 21
    • 85136369411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Lesar TS, Briceland L, Stein DS. Factors related to errors in medication prescribing. JAMA 1997;277:312-17.
    • . Lesar TS, Briceland L, Stein DS. Factors related to errors in medication prescribing. JAMA 1997;277:312-17.
  • 22
    • 33644696907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Owens RC. Clostridium difficile-associated disease: an emerging threat to patient safety. Insights from the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists. Pharmacotherapy 2006;26:299-311.
    • . Owens RC. Clostridium difficile-associated disease: an emerging threat to patient safety. Insights from the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists. Pharmacotherapy 2006;26:299-311.
  • 23
    • 33845708554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Harbarth S, Nobre V, Pittet D. Does antibiotic selection impact patient outcome? Clin Infect Dis 2007;44:87-93.
    • . Harbarth S, Nobre V, Pittet D. Does antibiotic selection impact patient outcome? Clin Infect Dis 2007;44:87-93.
  • 24
    • 0141610906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Ibrahim EH, Sherman G, Ward S, Fraser VJ, Kollef MH. The influence of inadequate antimicrobial treatment of bloodstream infections on patient outcomes in the ICU setting. Chest 2000;118:146-55.
    • . Ibrahim EH, Sherman G, Ward S, Fraser VJ, Kollef MH. The influence of inadequate antimicrobial treatment of bloodstream infections on patient outcomes in the ICU setting. Chest 2000;118:146-55.
  • 25
    • 0034457796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Kollef MH. Inadequate antimicrobial treatment: an important determinant of outcome for hospitalized patients. Clin Infect Dis 2000;31(suppl 4):S131-8.
    • . Kollef MH. Inadequate antimicrobial treatment: an important determinant of outcome for hospitalized patients. Clin Infect Dis 2000;31(suppl 4):S131-8.
  • 26
    • 1642456548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . MacArthur RD, Miller M, Albertson T, et al. Adequacy of early empiric antibiotic treatment and survival in severe sepsis: experience from the MONARCS trial. Clin Infect Dis 2004;38:284-8.
    • . MacArthur RD, Miller M, Albertson T, et al. Adequacy of early empiric antibiotic treatment and survival in severe sepsis: experience from the MONARCS trial. Clin Infect Dis 2004;38:284-8.
  • 27
    • 0141788103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Fakih MG, Hilu RC, Savoy-Moore RT, Saravolatz LD. Do resident physicians use antibiotics appropriately in treating upper respiratory infections? A survey of 11 programs. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:853-6.
    • . Fakih MG, Hilu RC, Savoy-Moore RT, Saravolatz LD. Do resident physicians use antibiotics appropriately in treating upper respiratory infections? A survey of 11 programs. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:853-6.
  • 28
    • 0036268083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Metlay JP, Shea JA, Crossette LB, Asch DA. Tensions in antibiotic prescribing: pitting social concerns against the interests of individual patients. J Gen Intern Med 2002;17: 87-94.
    • . Metlay JP, Shea JA, Crossette LB, Asch DA. Tensions in antibiotic prescribing: pitting social concerns against the interests of individual patients. J Gen Intern Med 2002;17: 87-94.
  • 29
    • 84868952361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Joint Commission, Available from, Accessed May 2, 2008
    • . The Joint Commission. Performance measure initiatives. Available from www.jointcommission.org/Performance Measurement/PerformanceMeasurement/. Accessed May 2, 2008.
    • Performance measure initiatives
  • 30
    • 66249095419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Fact sheet: FY 2008 inpatient prospective payment system final rule. August 1, 2007. Available from www.cms.hhs.gov/apps/media/fact-sheets.asp. Accessed April 7, 2008.
    • . Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Fact sheet: FY 2008 inpatient prospective payment system final rule. August 1, 2007. Available from www.cms.hhs.gov/apps/media/fact-sheets.asp. Accessed April 7, 2008.
  • 31
    • 0030803871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Fraser GL, Stogsdill P, Dickens JD Jr, Wennberg DE, Smith RP Jr, Prato BS. Antibiotic optimization: an evaluation of patient safety and economic outcomes. Arch Intern Med 1997;157: 1689-94.
    • . Fraser GL, Stogsdill P, Dickens JD Jr, Wennberg DE, Smith RP Jr, Prato BS. Antibiotic optimization: an evaluation of patient safety and economic outcomes. Arch Intern Med 1997;157: 1689-94.
  • 32
    • 0034143439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Gentry CA, Greenfield RA, Slater LN, Wack M, Huycke MM. Outcomes of an antimicrobial control program in a teaching hospital. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2000;57:268-74.
    • . Gentry CA, Greenfield RA, Slater LN, Wack M, Huycke MM. Outcomes of an antimicrobial control program in a teaching hospital. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2000;57:268-74.
  • 33
    • 0032711138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Gums JG, Yancey RW Jr, Hamilton CA, Kubilis PS. A randomized, prospective study measuring outcomes after antibiotic therapy intervention by a multidisciplinary consult team. Pharmacotherapy 1999;19:1369-77.
    • . Gums JG, Yancey RW Jr, Hamilton CA, Kubilis PS. A randomized, prospective study measuring outcomes after antibiotic therapy intervention by a multidisciplinary consult team. Pharmacotherapy 1999;19:1369-77.
  • 34
    • 0034934856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Dresser LD, Niederman MS, Paladino JA. Cost-effectiveness of gatifloxacin vs ceftriaxone with a macrolide for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. Chest 2001;119:1439-48.
    • . Dresser LD, Niederman MS, Paladino JA. Cost-effectiveness of gatifloxacin vs ceftriaxone with a macrolide for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. Chest 2001;119:1439-48.
  • 35
    • 0031012226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . McKinnon PS, Paladino JA, Grayson ML, Gibbons GW, Karchmer AW. Cost-effectiveness of ampicillin/sulbactam versus imipenem/cilastatin in the treatment of limb-threatening foot infections in diabetic patients. Clin Infect Dis 1997;24:57-63.
    • . McKinnon PS, Paladino JA, Grayson ML, Gibbons GW, Karchmer AW. Cost-effectiveness of ampicillin/sulbactam versus imipenem/cilastatin in the treatment of limb-threatening foot infections in diabetic patients. Clin Infect Dis 1997;24:57-63.
  • 36
    • 0042331227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . LaRocco A Jr. Concurrent antibiotic review programs: a role for infectious diseases specialists at small community hospitals. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:742-3.
    • . LaRocco A Jr. Concurrent antibiotic review programs: a role for infectious diseases specialists at small community hospitals. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:742-3.
  • 37
    • 33747708727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Barlam TF, DiVall M. Antibiotic-stewardship practices at top academic centers throughout the United States and at hospitals throughout Massachusetts. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2006;27:695-703.
    • . Barlam TF, DiVall M. Antibiotic-stewardship practices at top academic centers throughout the United States and at hospitals throughout Massachusetts. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2006;27:695-703.
  • 38
    • 0030879094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Slama T, Band J, Berman S, et al. Position statement from the Infectious Diseases Society of America: hospital pharmacists and infectious diseases specialists. Clin Infect Dis 1997;25:802.
    • . Slama T, Band J, Berman S, et al. Position statement from the Infectious Diseases Society of America: hospital pharmacists and infectious diseases specialists. Clin Infect Dis 1997;25:802.
  • 39
    • 1842613617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Sunenshine RH, Liedtke LA, Jernigan DB, Strausbaugh LJ. Role of infectious diseases consultants in management of antimicrobial use in hospitals. Clin Infect Dis 2004;38:934-8.
    • . Sunenshine RH, Liedtke LA, Jernigan DB, Strausbaugh LJ. Role of infectious diseases consultants in management of antimicrobial use in hospitals. Clin Infect Dis 2004;38:934-8.
  • 40
    • 0034922947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Gross R, Morgan AS, Kinky DE, Weiner M, Gibson GA, Fishman NO. Impact of a hospital-based antimicrobial management program on clinical and economic outcomes. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33:289-95.
    • . Gross R, Morgan AS, Kinky DE, Weiner M, Gibson GA, Fishman NO. Impact of a hospital-based antimicrobial management program on clinical and economic outcomes. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33:289-95.
  • 41
    • 33646848951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Fishman N. Antimicrobial stewardship. Am J Med 2006; 119:S53-61; discussion S62-70.
    • . Fishman N. Antimicrobial stewardship. Am J Med 2006; 119:S53-61; discussion S62-70.
  • 42
    • 27144465823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . MacDougall C, Polk RE. Antimicrobial stewardship programs in health care systems. Clin Microbiol Rev 2005;18:638-56.
    • . MacDougall C, Polk RE. Antimicrobial stewardship programs in health care systems. Clin Microbiol Rev 2005;18:638-56.
  • 43
    • 3042819078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Owens RC Jr, Fraser GL, Stogsdill P. Antimicrobial stewardship programs as a means to optimize antimicrobial use: insights from the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists. Pharmacotherapy 2004;24:896-908.
    • . Owens RC Jr, Fraser GL, Stogsdill P. Antimicrobial stewardship programs as a means to optimize antimicrobial use: insights from the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists. Pharmacotherapy 2004;24:896-908.
  • 44
    • 13544257210 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacotherapy
    • Parrino TA. Controlled trials to improve antibiotic utilization: a systematic review of experience, 2005
    • . Parrino TA. Controlled trials to improve antibiotic utilization: a systematic review of experience, 1984-2004. Pharmacotherapy 2005;25:289-98.
    • (1984) , vol.25 , pp. 289-298
  • 45
    • 30144441469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Paterson DL. The role of antimicrobial management programs in optimizing antibiotic prescribing within hospitals. Clin Infect Dis 2006;42(suppl 2):S90-5.
    • . Paterson DL. The role of antimicrobial management programs in optimizing antibiotic prescribing within hospitals. Clin Infect Dis 2006;42(suppl 2):S90-5.
  • 46
    • 0142023941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Calfee DP, Brooks J, Zirk NM, Giannetta ET, Scheld WM, Farr BM. A pseudo-outbreak of nosocomial infections associated with the introduction of an antibiotic management programme. J Hosp Infect 2003;55:26-32.
    • . Calfee DP, Brooks J, Zirk NM, Giannetta ET, Scheld WM, Farr BM. A pseudo-outbreak of nosocomial infections associated with the introduction of an antibiotic management programme. J Hosp Infect 2003;55:26-32.
  • 47
    • 0042267326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Bantar C, Sartori B, Vesco E, et al. A hospitalwide intervention program to optimize the quality of antibiotic use: impact on prescribing practice, antibiotic consumption, cost savings, and bacterial resistance. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:180-6.
    • . Bantar C, Sartori B, Vesco E, et al. A hospitalwide intervention program to optimize the quality of antibiotic use: impact on prescribing practice, antibiotic consumption, cost savings, and bacterial resistance. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:180-6.
  • 48
    • 19344370166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Belongia EA, Knobloch MJ, Kieke BA, Davis JP, Janette C, Besser RE. Impact of statewide program to promote appropriate antimicrobial drug use. Emerg Infect Dis 2005;11:912-20.
    • . Belongia EA, Knobloch MJ, Kieke BA, Davis JP, Janette C, Besser RE. Impact of statewide program to promote appropriate antimicrobial drug use. Emerg Infect Dis 2005;11:912-20.
  • 49
    • 0024993522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Girotti MJ, Fodoruk S, Irvine-Meek J, Rotstein OD. Antibiotic handbook and pre-printed perioperative order forms for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis: do they work? Can J Surg 1990;33:385-8.
    • . Girotti MJ, Fodoruk S, Irvine-Meek J, Rotstein OD. Antibiotic handbook and pre-printed perioperative order forms for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis: do they work? Can J Surg 1990;33:385-8.
  • 50
    • 33748680702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . De Souza V, MacFarlane A, Murphy AW, Hanahoe B, Barber A, Cormican M. A qualitative study of factors influencing antimicrobial prescribing by non-consultant hospital doctors. J Antimicrob Chemother 2006;58:840-3.
    • . De Souza V, MacFarlane A, Murphy AW, Hanahoe B, Barber A, Cormican M. A qualitative study of factors influencing antimicrobial prescribing by non-consultant hospital doctors. J Antimicrob Chemother 2006;58:840-3.
  • 51
    • 0033837067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Singh N, Rogers P, Atwood CW, Wagener MM, Yu VL. Shortcourse empiric antibiotic therapy for patients with pulmonary infiltrates in the intensive care unit: a proposed solution for indiscriminate antibiotic prescription. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000;162:505-11.
    • . Singh N, Rogers P, Atwood CW, Wagener MM, Yu VL. Shortcourse empiric antibiotic therapy for patients with pulmonary infiltrates in the intensive care unit: a proposed solution for indiscriminate antibiotic prescription. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000;162:505-11.
  • 52
    • 34247551035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Alvarez-Lerma F, Alvarez B, Luque P, et al. Empiric broadspectrum antibiotic therapy of nosocomial pneumonia in the intensive care unit: a prospective observational study. Crit Care 2006;10:R78.
    • . Alvarez-Lerma F, Alvarez B, Luque P, et al. Empiric broadspectrum antibiotic therapy of nosocomial pneumonia in the intensive care unit: a prospective observational study. Crit Care 2006;10:R78.
  • 53
    • 0026667066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Pastel DA, Chang S, Nessim S, Shane R, Morgan MA. Department of pharmacy-initiated program for streamlining empirical antibiotic therapy. Hosp Pharm 1992;27:596-603, 614.
    • . Pastel DA, Chang S, Nessim S, Shane R, Morgan MA. Department of pharmacy-initiated program for streamlining empirical antibiotic therapy. Hosp Pharm 1992;27:596-603, 614.
  • 54
    • 0029059132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Chan R, Hemeryck L, O'Regan M, Clancy L, Feely J. Oral versus intravenous antibiotics for community acquired lower respiratory tract infection in a general hospital: open, randomised controlled trial. BMJ 1995;310:1360-2.
    • . Chan R, Hemeryck L, O'Regan M, Clancy L, Feely J. Oral versus intravenous antibiotics for community acquired lower respiratory tract infection in a general hospital: open, randomised controlled trial. BMJ 1995;310:1360-2.
  • 55
    • 0035953115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Ramirez JA, Bordon J. Early switch from intravenous to oral antibiotics in hospitalized patients with bacteremic communityacquired Streptococcus pneumoniaepneumonia. Arch Intern Med 2001;161:848-50.
    • . Ramirez JA, Bordon J. Early switch from intravenous to oral antibiotics in hospitalized patients with bacteremic communityacquired Streptococcus pneumoniaepneumonia. Arch Intern Med 2001;161:848-50.
  • 56
    • 0033536913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Ramirez JA, Vargas S, Ritter GW, et al. Early switch from intravenous to oral antibiotics and early hospital discharge: a prospective observational study of 200 consecutive patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:2449-54.
    • . Ramirez JA, Vargas S, Ritter GW, et al. Early switch from intravenous to oral antibiotics and early hospital discharge: a prospective observational study of 200 consecutive patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:2449-54.
  • 57
    • 0035876195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Wong-Beringer A, Nguyen KH, Razeghi J. Implementing a program for switching from I.V. to oral antimicrobial therapy. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2001;58:1146-9.
    • . Wong-Beringer A, Nguyen KH, Razeghi J. Implementing a program for switching from I.V. to oral antimicrobial therapy. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2001;58:1146-9.
  • 58
    • 85136344508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Chastre J, Wolff M, Fagon JY, et al. Comparison of 8 vs 15 days of antibiotic therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults: a randomized trial. JAMA 2003;290:2588-98.
    • . Chastre J, Wolff M, Fagon JY, et al. Comparison of 8 vs 15 days of antibiotic therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults: a randomized trial. JAMA 2003;290:2588-98.
  • 59
    • 0141676184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Dunbar LM, Wunderink RG, Habib MP, et al. High-dose, short-course levofloxacin for community-acquired pneumonia: a new treatment paradigm. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:752-60.
    • . Dunbar LM, Wunderink RG, Habib MP, et al. High-dose, short-course levofloxacin for community-acquired pneumonia: a new treatment paradigm. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:752-60.
  • 60
    • 36349000346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Klausner HA, Brown P, Peterson J, et al. A trial of levofloxacin 750 mg once daily for 5 days versus ciprofloxacin 400 mg nd/or 500 mg twice daily for 10 days in the treatment of acute pyelonephritis. Curr Med Res Opin 2007;23:2637-45.
    • . Klausner HA, Brown P, Peterson J, et al. A trial of levofloxacin 750 mg once daily for 5 days versus ciprofloxacin 400 mg nd/or 500 mg twice daily for 10 days in the treatment of acute pyelonephritis. Curr Med Res Opin 2007;23:2637-45.
  • 61
    • 85136345853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Talan DA, Stamm WE, Hooton TM, et al. Comparison of ciprofloxacin (7 days) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (14 days) for acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis in women: a randomized trial. JAMA 2000;283:1583-90.
    • . Talan DA, Stamm WE, Hooton TM, et al. Comparison of ciprofloxacin (7 days) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (14 days) for acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis in women: a randomized trial. JAMA 2000;283:1583-90.
  • 62
    • 33646801159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Drew RH, Kawamoto K, Adams MB. Information technology for optimizing the management of infectious diseases. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2006;63:957-65.
    • . Drew RH, Kawamoto K, Adams MB. Information technology for optimizing the management of infectious diseases. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2006;63:957-65.
  • 63
    • 0035451684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Burke JP. Maximizing appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical patients: an update from LDS hospital, Salt Lake City. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33(suppl 2):S78-83.
    • . Burke JP. Maximizing appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical patients: an update from LDS hospital, Salt Lake City. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33(suppl 2):S78-83.
  • 64
    • 0032832770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Evans RS, Pestotnik SL, Classen DC, Burke JP. Evaluation of a computer-assisted antibiotic-dose monitor. Ann Pharmacother 1999;33:1026-31.
    • . Evans RS, Pestotnik SL, Classen DC, Burke JP. Evaluation of a computer-assisted antibiotic-dose monitor. Ann Pharmacother 1999;33:1026-31.
  • 65
    • 0032556943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A computerassisted management program for antibiotics and other antiinfective agents. N Engl J Med
    • Evans RS, Pestotnik SL, Classen DC, et al
    • . Evans RS, Pestotnik SL, Classen DC, et al. A computerassisted management program for antibiotics and other antiinfective agents. N Engl J Med 1998;338:232-8.
    • (1998) , vol.338 , pp. 232-238
  • 66
    • 33745418432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . McGregor JC, Weekes E, Forrest GN, et al. Impact of a computerized clinical decision support system on reducing inappropriate antimicrobial use: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2006;13:378-84.
    • . McGregor JC, Weekes E, Forrest GN, et al. Impact of a computerized clinical decision support system on reducing inappropriate antimicrobial use: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2006;13:378-84.
  • 67
    • 0029944327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Pestotnik SL, Classen DC, Evans RS, Burke JP. Implementing antibiotic practice guidelines through computer-assisted decision support: clinical and financial outcomes. Ann Intern Med 1996;124:884-90.
    • . Pestotnik SL, Classen DC, Evans RS, Burke JP. Implementing antibiotic practice guidelines through computer-assisted decision support: clinical and financial outcomes. Ann Intern Med 1996;124:884-90.
  • 68
    • 0042851756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Gruson D, Hilbert G, Vargas F, et al. Strategy of antibiotic rotation: Long-term effect on incidence and susceptibilities of gram-negative bacilli responsible for ventilator-associated pneumonia. Crit Care Med 2003;31:1908-14.
    • . Gruson D, Hilbert G, Vargas F, et al. Strategy of antibiotic rotation: Long-term effect on incidence and susceptibilities of gram-negative bacilli responsible for ventilator-associated pneumonia. Crit Care Med 2003;31:1908-14.
  • 69
    • 1642451863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Hughes MG, Evans HL, Chong TW, et al. Effect of an intensive care unit rotating empiric antibiotic schedule on the development of hospital-acquired infections on the nonintensive care unit ward. Crit Care Med 2004;32:53-60.
    • . Hughes MG, Evans HL, Chong TW, et al. Effect of an intensive care unit rotating empiric antibiotic schedule on the development of hospital-acquired infections on the nonintensive care unit ward. Crit Care Med 2004;32:53-60.
  • 70
    • 0034979462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Raymond DP, Pelletier SJ, Crabtree TD, et al. Impact of a rotating empiric antibiotic schedule on infectious mortality in an intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2001;29:1101-8.
    • . Raymond DP, Pelletier SJ, Crabtree TD, et al. Impact of a rotating empiric antibiotic schedule on infectious mortality in an intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2001;29:1101-8.
  • 71
    • 10644227723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Warren DK, Hill HA, Merz LR, et al. Cycling empirical antimicrobial agents to prevent emergence of antimicrobialresistant gram-negative bacteria among intensive care unit patients. Crit Care Med 2004;32:2450-6.
    • . Warren DK, Hill HA, Merz LR, et al. Cycling empirical antimicrobial agents to prevent emergence of antimicrobialresistant gram-negative bacteria among intensive care unit patients. Crit Care Med 2004;32:2450-6.
  • 72
    • 3342905063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Merz LR, Warren DK, Kollef MH, Fraser VJ. Effects of an antibiotic cycling program on antibiotic prescribing practices in an intensive care unit. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004;48:2861-5.
    • . Merz LR, Warren DK, Kollef MH, Fraser VJ. Effects of an antibiotic cycling program on antibiotic prescribing practices in an intensive care unit. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004;48:2861-5.
  • 73
    • 31544436382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Berild D, Mohseni A, Diep LM, Jensenius M, Ringertz SH. Adjustment of antibiotic treatment according to the results of blood cultures leads to decreased antibiotic use and costs. J Antimicrob Chemother 2006;57:326-30.
    • . Berild D, Mohseni A, Diep LM, Jensenius M, Ringertz SH. Adjustment of antibiotic treatment according to the results of blood cultures leads to decreased antibiotic use and costs. J Antimicrob Chemother 2006;57:326-30.
  • 74
    • 39449119243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . MacDougall C, Polk RE. Variability in rates of use of antibacterials among 130 US hospitals and risk-adjustment models for interhospital comparison. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2008;29:203-11.
    • . MacDougall C, Polk RE. Variability in rates of use of antibacterials among 130 US hospitals and risk-adjustment models for interhospital comparison. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2008;29:203-11.
  • 75
    • 33847676508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Hindler JF, Stelling J. Analysis and presentation of cumulative antibiograms: a new consensus guideline from the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Clin Infect Dis 2007;44:867-73.
    • . Hindler JF, Stelling J. Analysis and presentation of cumulative antibiograms: a new consensus guideline from the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Clin Infect Dis 2007;44:867-73.
  • 76
    • 9444262003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Schwaber MJ, De-Medina T, Carmeli Y. Epidemiological interpretation of antibiotic resistance studies: what are we missing? Nat Rev Microbiol 2004;2:979-83.
    • . Schwaber MJ, De-Medina T, Carmeli Y. Epidemiological interpretation of antibiotic resistance studies: what are we missing? Nat Rev Microbiol 2004;2:979-83.
  • 77
    • 0242437868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Ramsay C, Brown E, Hartman G, Davey P. Room for improvement: a systematic review of the quality of evaluations of interventions to improve hospital antibiotic prescribing. J Antimicrob Chemother 2003;52:764-71.
    • . Ramsay C, Brown E, Hartman G, Davey P. Room for improvement: a systematic review of the quality of evaluations of interventions to improve hospital antibiotic prescribing. J Antimicrob Chemother 2003;52:764-71.
  • 78
    • 34848916374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Shardell M, Harris AD, El-Kamary SS, Furuno JP, Miller RR, Perencevich EN. Statistical analysis and application of quasi experiments to antimicrobial resistance intervention studies. Clin Infect Dis 2007;45:901-7.
    • . Shardell M, Harris AD, El-Kamary SS, Furuno JP, Miller RR, Perencevich EN. Statistical analysis and application of quasi experiments to antimicrobial resistance intervention studies. Clin Infect Dis 2007;45:901-7.
  • 79
    • 34548267536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • . Valiquette L, Cossette B, Garant MP, Diab H, Pepin J. Impact of a reduction in the use of high-risk antibiotics on the course of an epidemic of Clostridium difficile-associated disease caused by the hypervirulent NAP1/027 strain. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 45(suppl 2):S112-21.
    • . Valiquette L, Cossette B, Garant MP, Diab H, Pepin J. Impact of a reduction in the use of high-risk antibiotics on the course of an epidemic of Clostridium difficile-associated disease caused by the hypervirulent NAP1/027 strain. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 45(suppl 2):S112-21.
  • 80
    • 0039425502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American College of Clinical Pharmacy, Available from, Accessed May 4, 2008
    • . American College of Clinical Pharmacy. Directory for residencies and fellowships. Available from www.accp.com/ resandfel/directorynon.php. Accessed May 4, 2008.
    • Directory for residencies and fellowships
  • 81
    • 34547606066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available from, Accessed May 3, 2008
    • . American Hospital Association. Fast facts on US hospitals. Available from www.aha.org/aha/resource-center/Statistics-and-Studies/fast- facts.html. Accessed May 3, 2008.
    • Fast facts on US hospitals


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.